This document summarizes the features and operation of the TB6819AFG critical conduction mode power factor correction (PFC) controller IC. It contains an 8-pin SOP package and operates from 10-25V while providing a maximum current of 1A. It uses various protection circuits and zero current detection to control an external switching MOSFET in a boost converter configuration to shape the input current and regulate the output voltage. The IC aims to achieve a power factor close to 1 while providing overvoltage and undervoltage protections.
The document provides specifications for low power dual operational amplifiers. Key details include:
1) The amplifiers have a wide bandwidth of 1.1MHz, low input bias current of 20nA, and low input offset voltage of 2mV.
2) They can operate from a single power supply between 3-30V with low current draw of 0.7-1.2mA.
3) The amplifiers have high voltage gain of 100dB, large output swing from 0V to the positive supply voltage minus 1.5V, and can interface with single 5V logic systems.
4) They are suitable for applications such as transducer amplifiers, DC gain blocks, and conventional op
The M62502 is a PWM controller IC for CRT display monitors. It performs stable PWM control over a wide range of external signal fluctuations using a built-in trigger mode oscillator. The IC is suitable for high voltage drive and horizontal output correction in CRT monitors. It features PWM output synchronized to external signals, a wide PWM control frequency range of 15kHz to 150kHz, and a soft start function for low voltage protection.
The document summarizes the PCA9532, a 16-bit I2C LED dimmer chip. It contains 16 LED drivers that can individually set the LEDs to on, off, or one of two programmable blinking rates. The blinking rates and duty cycles can be programmed to provide 256 brightness steps. The chip contains internal oscillators and PWM circuitry to generate the blinking without external components. It can directly drive LEDs with up to 25mA of current per pin.
The document provides a data sheet for the TDA7057AQ integrated circuit, which is a 2 x 8 W stereo BTL audio output amplifier with DC volume control. Some key features and specifications of the IC include its DC volume control, thermal protection, short-circuit protection, low noise and power consumption. Testing results show it can provide up to 8W of output power with low distortion from a 12-15V supply. Graphs plot characteristics such as gain, power output, noise and supply rejection ratio versus various parameters.
The document provides data and information about the TDA8511J integrated circuit, which contains 4 single-ended power amplifiers that each produce 13 watts of output power. It has features like short-circuit protection, diagnostic capabilities, and requires few external components. The IC is intended for use in multimedia applications and active speaker systems. Key specifications are provided, along with a block diagram showing its internal components and connections.
This paper presents the design of a bandgap voltage reference circuit in a 0.18um CMOS process. Simulation results show the circuit outputs 1.203V over an operating temperature range of -40 to 125 degrees Celsius. The output voltage varies by 0.026mV/C with temperature and 3.89mV/V with power supply variations from 1.62V to 1.98V. The layout area is 0.245mm by 0.133mm. Key aspects of the design include the use of a PTAT circuit, dummy transistors, and a cascode configuration.
The buck converter simulation example evaluates the switching waveforms and power switch voltages and currents. The specifications include a voltage output of 5V from an input voltage ranging from 7-40V. Inductor and capacitor values are selected to be 330uH and 330uF respectively. Simulation results are obtained for the switching waveforms, power switch voltages and currents using the average models with analysis directives to skip the breakpoints for a 10ms transient simulation.
This document describes the FT-9001G-M-LC02 1.25G Gigabit SFP transceiver module from FELIZ Technology. The module uses a 1310nm laser and LC connectors for multi-mode fiber transmission up to 2km. It complies with standards such as IEEE 802.3z and SFP MSA and features a hot-pluggable design, TTL signal detection, and RoHS compliance. Electrical, optical, and mechanical specifications are provided along with a block diagram of the transmitter and receiver sections.
The document provides specifications for low power dual operational amplifiers. Key details include:
1) The amplifiers have a wide bandwidth of 1.1MHz, low input bias current of 20nA, and low input offset voltage of 2mV.
2) They can operate from a single power supply between 3-30V with low current draw of 0.7-1.2mA.
3) The amplifiers have high voltage gain of 100dB, large output swing from 0V to the positive supply voltage minus 1.5V, and can interface with single 5V logic systems.
4) They are suitable for applications such as transducer amplifiers, DC gain blocks, and conventional op
The M62502 is a PWM controller IC for CRT display monitors. It performs stable PWM control over a wide range of external signal fluctuations using a built-in trigger mode oscillator. The IC is suitable for high voltage drive and horizontal output correction in CRT monitors. It features PWM output synchronized to external signals, a wide PWM control frequency range of 15kHz to 150kHz, and a soft start function for low voltage protection.
The document summarizes the PCA9532, a 16-bit I2C LED dimmer chip. It contains 16 LED drivers that can individually set the LEDs to on, off, or one of two programmable blinking rates. The blinking rates and duty cycles can be programmed to provide 256 brightness steps. The chip contains internal oscillators and PWM circuitry to generate the blinking without external components. It can directly drive LEDs with up to 25mA of current per pin.
The document provides a data sheet for the TDA7057AQ integrated circuit, which is a 2 x 8 W stereo BTL audio output amplifier with DC volume control. Some key features and specifications of the IC include its DC volume control, thermal protection, short-circuit protection, low noise and power consumption. Testing results show it can provide up to 8W of output power with low distortion from a 12-15V supply. Graphs plot characteristics such as gain, power output, noise and supply rejection ratio versus various parameters.
The document provides data and information about the TDA8511J integrated circuit, which contains 4 single-ended power amplifiers that each produce 13 watts of output power. It has features like short-circuit protection, diagnostic capabilities, and requires few external components. The IC is intended for use in multimedia applications and active speaker systems. Key specifications are provided, along with a block diagram showing its internal components and connections.
This paper presents the design of a bandgap voltage reference circuit in a 0.18um CMOS process. Simulation results show the circuit outputs 1.203V over an operating temperature range of -40 to 125 degrees Celsius. The output voltage varies by 0.026mV/C with temperature and 3.89mV/V with power supply variations from 1.62V to 1.98V. The layout area is 0.245mm by 0.133mm. Key aspects of the design include the use of a PTAT circuit, dummy transistors, and a cascode configuration.
The buck converter simulation example evaluates the switching waveforms and power switch voltages and currents. The specifications include a voltage output of 5V from an input voltage ranging from 7-40V. Inductor and capacitor values are selected to be 330uH and 330uF respectively. Simulation results are obtained for the switching waveforms, power switch voltages and currents using the average models with analysis directives to skip the breakpoints for a 10ms transient simulation.
This document describes the FT-9001G-M-LC02 1.25G Gigabit SFP transceiver module from FELIZ Technology. The module uses a 1310nm laser and LC connectors for multi-mode fiber transmission up to 2km. It complies with standards such as IEEE 802.3z and SFP MSA and features a hot-pluggable design, TTL signal detection, and RoHS compliance. Electrical, optical, and mechanical specifications are provided along with a block diagram of the transmitter and receiver sections.
This document provides product data and specifications for the BLF578 power LDMOS transistor for broadcast and industrial applications from 108 MHz to 500 MHz. Key features include a typical pulsed output power of 1200W at 225 MHz with 71% efficiency. It has integrated ESD protection and is compliant with the RoHS directive. The device is sensitive to electrostatic discharge and should be handled with care. It has a ceramic flanged balanced package and ordering information is provided. Limiting values and thermal/electrical characteristics are specified.
These documents describe several high-performance PAL circuits from Texas Instruments. The circuits provide functionality equivalent to existing PAL devices but with higher maximum frequencies of up to 62.5MHz. They integrate Advanced Low-Power Schottky technology with titanium-tungsten fuses. The devices have preload capability on output registers to simplify testing. They are available in plastic and ceramic packages over commercial and extended temperature ranges.
This document describes the features and specifications of the AT89S8252 microcontroller. It has 8K bytes of flash memory, 2K bytes of EEPROM, and 256 bytes of RAM. It supports SPI serial interfacing and has 32 I/O lines, three timers, interrupts, and low power modes. The flash can be reprogrammed in-system through an SPI interface or programmer to update code.
This document describes an FT-901B-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1550nm for transmission and 1310nm for reception over a multi-mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 2km. The transceiver module complies with relevant telecom standards and has features such as hot pluggability and a small form pluggable package. It provides electrical specifications, optical specifications, a block diagram and dimensions.
This document provides an overview of networking and connectivity products from Lance including managed and unmanaged switches, wireless access points, broadband routers, network adapters and cards, IP surveillance cameras, antennas, and accessories. The products are aimed at SOHO, enterprise, and service provider markets and include offerings for Ethernet switching, wireless connectivity, ADSL and VDSL broadband access, and IP video surveillance.
This document summarizes the features and specifications of the ATmega16 microcontroller. It has a low-power 8-bit AVR processor with 16K bytes of flash memory, 512 bytes of EEPROM, and 1K byte of SRAM. It includes timers, PWM channels, ADC, serial interfaces, and I/O pins. The microcontroller supports in-system programming of its flash memory and operates between 0-16MHz with voltages from 2.7-5.5V.
This document provides information about the FT-901B-S-LC20 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It is a single-mode transceiver that transmits at 1550nm and receives at 1310nm over a single fiber with an LC connector. It has a reach of 20km and complies with relevant telecommunications standards. The document includes details on its features, specifications, optical and electrical characteristics, and dimensions.
The LMH6321 is a high speed buffer that can drive ±300 mA continuously with an adjustable current limit between 10 mA and 300 mA. It has a high slew rate of 1800 V/μs and bandwidth of 110 MHz. The device features thermal shutdown protection and an error flag output. It is available in 8-pin PSOP and 7-pin TO-263 packages.
The document provides information on integrated circuits called 74HC/HCT14 hex inverting Schmitt triggers. It includes:
1) Key features such as standard output capability and static CMOS design.
2) Electrical specifications like propagation delay, input/output capacitance, and power dissipation.
3) Pin descriptions and logic diagrams showing the devices' inverting buffer function.
4) DC parameters including transfer characteristics, thresholds, and hysteresis.
5) AC timing parameters and test conditions.
This document describes the LM2907/LM2917 frequency to voltage converters. Key features include:
- Frequency doubling circuitry for low ripple output
- Ground-referenced tachometer input or differential input options
- Op amp/comparator with 50mA sink/source output
- LM2917 option includes an on-chip zener regulator for stable output over a range of supply voltages
The document provides application information on choosing component values for the timing capacitor C1 and output resistor R1 to achieve the desired output characteristics.
This document describes the LM2907/LM2917 frequency to voltage converters. Key features include:
- Frequency doubling circuitry for low ripple output
- Ground-referenced tachometer input or differential input options
- Op amp/comparator with 50mA sink/source output
- LM2917 option includes an on-chip zener regulator for stable output over a range of supply voltages
Applications include speedometers, tachometers, motor speed controls, and other devices that require converting a frequency input to a proportional voltage output.
This document describes an FT-901B-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver that uses WDM technology to transmit at 1550nm and receive at 1310nm over multi-mode fiber with an LC connector up to 2km. It provides key specifications such as optical power levels, wavelength ranges, data rates, temperature ranges, and electrical interfaces in accordance with relevant standards. A block diagram shows the internal components and signal flows of the transceiver module.
The TB62206FG is a bipolar stepping motor driver IC that uses BiCD process technology. It can drive a 2-phase stepping motor with an output withstand voltage of 40V and maximum current of 1.8A per phase. The IC features internal PWM current control, 2-phase or 1-2 phase excitation, monolithic BiCD construction, and on-chip protection circuits. It is packaged in an HSOP20-P-450-1.00 package.
This document provides information about the FT-901B-S-LC20 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1550nm for transmission and 1310nm for reception over single mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 20km. The module complies with relevant standards and has features such as hot pluggability and a TTL-level signal detect indicator. It provides optical-to-electrical conversion with differential inputs/outputs and includes a laser driver IC and post-amplification circuitry.
The document describes the Fairchild Power Switch (FPS) product family, which consists of a high voltage power SenseFET and a current mode PWM IC. The FPS is designed for off-line SMPS applications with minimal external components. It has features such as precision fixed operating frequency, low start-up current, pulse-by-pulse current limiting, and over voltage/current protection. Compared to discrete MOSFET and controller solutions, the FPS can reduce component count, size, and weight while improving efficiency and reliability.
This document provides information about the FT-901A-S-LC20 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1310nm for transmission and 1550nm for reception over single mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 20km. The transceiver complies with relevant Fast Ethernet, WDM and telecom standards and has features such as hot-pluggability and RoHS compliance. It provides optical, electrical and mechanical specifications for the transmitter and receiver components.
This document describes the FT-901A-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver. It is a multi-mode transceiver that uses 1310nm lasers for transmission and 1550nm receivers for reception over LC connectors up to 2km. It complies with relevant standards and is hot-pluggable and RoHS compliant. Electrical specifications, optical specifications, and a block diagram are provided.
The document discusses power factor correction and the disadvantages of a low power factor. It defines power factor as the ratio between true power and apparent power, represented as the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current. Some disadvantages of a low power factor include higher electricity costs due to increased voltage requirements, increased cable and equipment sizes, and decreased efficiency due to greater voltage drops and copper losses. Improving power factor can reduce utility bills, increase electrical system capacity, and reduce voltage drops at the point of use. Common equipment used to improve power factor include capacitors, synchronous motors, and static condensers.
This document discusses the design of a power factor correction (PFC) circuit using critical conduction mode (CRM) control. It begins with an introduction to poor power factor in rectifying circuits and how PFC improves power factor. It then presents the application circuit using a TB6819AFG PFC controller IC. Key parameters are specified and the circuit operation is explained. Design steps are outlined to calculate component values to achieve the desired power factor ratio near unity.
The document summarizes the current tariff metering system at Hub Power Station and identifies issues. It discusses replacing the aging energy meters and outstation system to address reliability problems. The proposed solution involves installing intelligent digital meters and upgrading the outstation system to improve flexibility and synchronization. Key benefits of the new system include reading instant parameters, automatic time synchronization, and reduced number of meters needed.
This document provides product data and specifications for the BLF578 power LDMOS transistor for broadcast and industrial applications from 108 MHz to 500 MHz. Key features include a typical pulsed output power of 1200W at 225 MHz with 71% efficiency. It has integrated ESD protection and is compliant with the RoHS directive. The device is sensitive to electrostatic discharge and should be handled with care. It has a ceramic flanged balanced package and ordering information is provided. Limiting values and thermal/electrical characteristics are specified.
These documents describe several high-performance PAL circuits from Texas Instruments. The circuits provide functionality equivalent to existing PAL devices but with higher maximum frequencies of up to 62.5MHz. They integrate Advanced Low-Power Schottky technology with titanium-tungsten fuses. The devices have preload capability on output registers to simplify testing. They are available in plastic and ceramic packages over commercial and extended temperature ranges.
This document describes the features and specifications of the AT89S8252 microcontroller. It has 8K bytes of flash memory, 2K bytes of EEPROM, and 256 bytes of RAM. It supports SPI serial interfacing and has 32 I/O lines, three timers, interrupts, and low power modes. The flash can be reprogrammed in-system through an SPI interface or programmer to update code.
This document describes an FT-901B-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1550nm for transmission and 1310nm for reception over a multi-mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 2km. The transceiver module complies with relevant telecom standards and has features such as hot pluggability and a small form pluggable package. It provides electrical specifications, optical specifications, a block diagram and dimensions.
This document provides an overview of networking and connectivity products from Lance including managed and unmanaged switches, wireless access points, broadband routers, network adapters and cards, IP surveillance cameras, antennas, and accessories. The products are aimed at SOHO, enterprise, and service provider markets and include offerings for Ethernet switching, wireless connectivity, ADSL and VDSL broadband access, and IP video surveillance.
This document summarizes the features and specifications of the ATmega16 microcontroller. It has a low-power 8-bit AVR processor with 16K bytes of flash memory, 512 bytes of EEPROM, and 1K byte of SRAM. It includes timers, PWM channels, ADC, serial interfaces, and I/O pins. The microcontroller supports in-system programming of its flash memory and operates between 0-16MHz with voltages from 2.7-5.5V.
This document provides information about the FT-901B-S-LC20 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It is a single-mode transceiver that transmits at 1550nm and receives at 1310nm over a single fiber with an LC connector. It has a reach of 20km and complies with relevant telecommunications standards. The document includes details on its features, specifications, optical and electrical characteristics, and dimensions.
The LMH6321 is a high speed buffer that can drive ±300 mA continuously with an adjustable current limit between 10 mA and 300 mA. It has a high slew rate of 1800 V/μs and bandwidth of 110 MHz. The device features thermal shutdown protection and an error flag output. It is available in 8-pin PSOP and 7-pin TO-263 packages.
The document provides information on integrated circuits called 74HC/HCT14 hex inverting Schmitt triggers. It includes:
1) Key features such as standard output capability and static CMOS design.
2) Electrical specifications like propagation delay, input/output capacitance, and power dissipation.
3) Pin descriptions and logic diagrams showing the devices' inverting buffer function.
4) DC parameters including transfer characteristics, thresholds, and hysteresis.
5) AC timing parameters and test conditions.
This document describes the LM2907/LM2917 frequency to voltage converters. Key features include:
- Frequency doubling circuitry for low ripple output
- Ground-referenced tachometer input or differential input options
- Op amp/comparator with 50mA sink/source output
- LM2917 option includes an on-chip zener regulator for stable output over a range of supply voltages
The document provides application information on choosing component values for the timing capacitor C1 and output resistor R1 to achieve the desired output characteristics.
This document describes the LM2907/LM2917 frequency to voltage converters. Key features include:
- Frequency doubling circuitry for low ripple output
- Ground-referenced tachometer input or differential input options
- Op amp/comparator with 50mA sink/source output
- LM2917 option includes an on-chip zener regulator for stable output over a range of supply voltages
Applications include speedometers, tachometers, motor speed controls, and other devices that require converting a frequency input to a proportional voltage output.
This document describes an FT-901B-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver that uses WDM technology to transmit at 1550nm and receive at 1310nm over multi-mode fiber with an LC connector up to 2km. It provides key specifications such as optical power levels, wavelength ranges, data rates, temperature ranges, and electrical interfaces in accordance with relevant standards. A block diagram shows the internal components and signal flows of the transceiver module.
The TB62206FG is a bipolar stepping motor driver IC that uses BiCD process technology. It can drive a 2-phase stepping motor with an output withstand voltage of 40V and maximum current of 1.8A per phase. The IC features internal PWM current control, 2-phase or 1-2 phase excitation, monolithic BiCD construction, and on-chip protection circuits. It is packaged in an HSOP20-P-450-1.00 package.
This document provides information about the FT-901B-S-LC20 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1550nm for transmission and 1310nm for reception over single mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 20km. The module complies with relevant standards and has features such as hot pluggability and a TTL-level signal detect indicator. It provides optical-to-electrical conversion with differential inputs/outputs and includes a laser driver IC and post-amplification circuitry.
The document describes the Fairchild Power Switch (FPS) product family, which consists of a high voltage power SenseFET and a current mode PWM IC. The FPS is designed for off-line SMPS applications with minimal external components. It has features such as precision fixed operating frequency, low start-up current, pulse-by-pulse current limiting, and over voltage/current protection. Compared to discrete MOSFET and controller solutions, the FPS can reduce component count, size, and weight while improving efficiency and reliability.
This document provides information about the FT-901A-S-LC20 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1310nm for transmission and 1550nm for reception over single mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 20km. The transceiver complies with relevant Fast Ethernet, WDM and telecom standards and has features such as hot-pluggability and RoHS compliance. It provides optical, electrical and mechanical specifications for the transmitter and receiver components.
This document describes the FT-901A-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver. It is a multi-mode transceiver that uses 1310nm lasers for transmission and 1550nm receivers for reception over LC connectors up to 2km. It complies with relevant standards and is hot-pluggable and RoHS compliant. Electrical specifications, optical specifications, and a block diagram are provided.
The document discusses power factor correction and the disadvantages of a low power factor. It defines power factor as the ratio between true power and apparent power, represented as the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current. Some disadvantages of a low power factor include higher electricity costs due to increased voltage requirements, increased cable and equipment sizes, and decreased efficiency due to greater voltage drops and copper losses. Improving power factor can reduce utility bills, increase electrical system capacity, and reduce voltage drops at the point of use. Common equipment used to improve power factor include capacitors, synchronous motors, and static condensers.
This document discusses the design of a power factor correction (PFC) circuit using critical conduction mode (CRM) control. It begins with an introduction to poor power factor in rectifying circuits and how PFC improves power factor. It then presents the application circuit using a TB6819AFG PFC controller IC. Key parameters are specified and the circuit operation is explained. Design steps are outlined to calculate component values to achieve the desired power factor ratio near unity.
The document summarizes the current tariff metering system at Hub Power Station and identifies issues. It discusses replacing the aging energy meters and outstation system to address reliability problems. The proposed solution involves installing intelligent digital meters and upgrading the outstation system to improve flexibility and synchronization. Key benefits of the new system include reading instant parameters, automatic time synchronization, and reduced number of meters needed.
The document introduces Cirrus Logic's digital power factor correction (PFC) solution. It discusses how PFC works to improve power efficiency by correcting the phase difference between voltage and current waveforms. Cirrus Logic's digital PFC controllers use techniques like variable switching frequency and digital spread spectrum to reduce electromagnetic interference noise and improve efficiency at light loads. The CS1500 and CS1600 are highlighted as examples of Cirrus Logic's digital PFC integrated circuits.
The document discusses the UCC28070 two-phase interleaved CCM PFC controller from Texas Instruments. It provides an overview of power factor correction and why interleaving is used. The UCC28070 features interleaved average current mode PWM control and advanced current sensing to provide high efficiency and power factor. It also includes protection features, current and voltage loop compensation, and frequency dithering to reduce EMI. Interleaving provides benefits like input and output ripple cancellation, reduced component sizes, and increased power density.
SPICE MODEL of LM119WG/883 in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
The TL082, TL082A, and TL082B are high-speed dual operational amplifiers incorporating well-matched JFET and bipolar transistors. They feature high slew rates, low input bias/offset current, and low offset voltage temperature coefficient. The devices are available in 8-pin plastic or micro packages and are designed for general purpose amplification applications.
SPICE MODEL of LM119W/883 in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
SPICE MODEL of LM119H/883 in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
This document provides information about the FT-901B-S-LC20 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1550nm for transmission and 1310nm for reception over single mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 20km. The module complies with relevant standards and has features such as hot pluggability and a TTL-level signal detect indicator. It provides optical-to-electrical conversion with differential inputs/outputs and has specifications for its optical, electrical, and mechanical characteristics.
This paper presents a second-order delta-sigma modulator designed for pressure sensor applications. The modulator utilizes correlated double sampling in the first integrator to reduce flicker noise. It was implemented in a 0.35-μm CMOS process and consumes 14μA of current. Measurements showed a signal-to-noise ratio of 86dB at a 14-bit resolution level when using an input sampling rate of 1/4 and sampling capacitors of 50pF. The modulator provides a flexible design that allows tuning the sampling frequency and capacitor size to tradeoff between power consumption and performance.
This document describes the FT-901-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver. It is a multi-mode 1310nm transceiver that uses an LC connector and operates at distances up to 2km. The transceiver complies with relevant standards and has features such as hot pluggability and RoHS compliance. It provides differential LVPECL inputs/outputs and includes a signal detect indicator. Application areas include distributed multiprocessing, switch-to-switch interfaces, and storage systems. The document provides detailed specifications for the optical, electrical, and mechanical characteristics.
The TDA7265 is a dual channel 25W+25W audio power amplifier integrated circuit suitable for high quality stereo applications. It has a wide supply voltage range from 5V to 25V, mute and standby features, short circuit and thermal overload protection. Key specifications include a total harmonic distortion of less than 1% from 0.1W to 15W output power into 8 ohm loads, and cross talk better than 70dB. It can deliver up to 32W per channel into 8 ohm loads with a 22.5V supply.
This document describes an FT-901B-M-LC02 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It operates at 1550nm for transmission and 1310nm for reception over a multi-mode fiber with an LC connector and a reach of 2km. The transceiver module complies with relevant telecom standards and has features such as hot pluggability and a small form pluggable package. It provides electrical specifications, optical specifications, a block diagram and dimensions.
This document describes an FT-901-M-LC02 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module. It uses a 1310nm multi-mode laser and LC connectors, and is compatible with Fast Ethernet and SONET/SDH networks. The transceiver module complies with SFP MSA specifications and supports data rates up to 155Mbps over distances of 2km using multi-mode fiber. It has an SFP form factor and includes transmitter and receiver circuitry, optical components, and electrical interfaces.
This document summarizes the key specifications and simulation results for an operational amplifier with part number NJU7043 manufactured by New Japan Radio. It includes 3 sentences on the output voltage swing, input offset voltage, and slew rate based on Spice model simulations and compares the results to measurement data.
The document describes the FT-901-M-LC30 series 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver. It is a multi-mode 1310nm transceiver that uses an LC connector and operates at distances up to 30km. The transceiver complies with relevant Fast Ethernet and laser safety standards and uses differential LVPECL inputs/outputs with a TTL signal detect indicator. It provides optical transmission and reception per relevant telecommunications standards.
This document describes an FT-901-M-LC30 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module that uses a multi-mode 1310nm laser and LC connectors. It has a maximum reach of 30km and complies with relevant Fast Ethernet and safety standards. The document provides details on its features, applications, specifications, block diagram, and dimensions. It is a small form-factor pluggable transceiver module for Ethernet applications up to 30km.
The document describes an FT-901A-S-LC20 155Mbps Fast Ethernet SFP transceiver module that operates at 1310nm for transmission and 1550nm for reception over single mode fiber for distances up to 20km. It has an LC connector and complies with relevant telecom standards. The transceiver uses a laser driver chip and post-amplification circuitry to transmit and receive Fast Ethernet signals over a single fiber via a wavelength division multiplexing filter.
The document describes a Near-Field Communication (NFC) system designed by Group 31. The NFC system uses Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) to transmit data between devices over short ranges using magnetic field induction. It consists of a transmitter with a VCO modulated by a PC interface, and a receiver with an amplifier, loop antenna, and PLL for demodulation. The design achieves data rates of 800kbps over ranges of 30cm, within FCC regulations for non-radiative wireless technologies.
Update 22 models(Schottky Rectifier ) in SPICE PARK(APR2024)Tsuyoshi Horigome
This document provides an inventory update of 6,747 parts at Spice Park as of April 2024. It lists the part numbers, manufacturers, and quantities of various semiconductor components, including 1,697 Schottky rectifier diodes from 29 different manufacturers. It also includes details on passive components, batteries, mechanical parts, motors, and lamps in the inventory.
The document provides an inventory update from April 2024 of the Spice Park collection which contains 6,747 electronic components. It includes tables listing the types of semiconductor components, passive parts, batteries, mechanical parts, motors, and lamps in the collection along with their manufacturer and quantities. One of the semiconductor components, the general purpose rectifier diode, is broken down into a more detailed table with 116 entries providing part numbers, manufacturers, thermal ratings, and remarks.
Update 31 models(Diode/General ) in SPICE PARK(MAR2024)Tsuyoshi Horigome
The document provides an inventory update from March 2024 of parts in the Spice Park warehouse. It lists 6,725 total parts across various categories including semiconductors, passive parts, batteries, mechanical parts, motors, and lamps. The semiconductor section lists 652 general purpose rectifier diodes from 18 different manufacturers with quantities ranging from 2 to 145 pieces.
This document provides an inventory list of parts at Spice Park as of March 2024. It contains 3 sections - Semiconductor parts (diodes, transistors, ICs etc.), Passive parts (capacitors, resistors etc.), and Battery parts. For Semiconductor parts, it lists 36 different part types and provides the quantity of each part. It then provides further details of Diode/General Purpose Rectifiers, listing the manufacturer and quantity of 652 individual part numbers.
Update 29 models(Solar cell) in SPICE PARK(FEB2024)Tsuyoshi Horigome
The document provides an inventory update from February 2024 of Spice Park, which contains 6,694 total pieces of electronic components and parts. It lists 36 categories of semiconductor devices, 11 categories of passive parts, 10 types of batteries, 5 mechanical parts, DC motors, lamps, and power supplies. It provides the most detailed listing for solar cells, with 1,003 total pieces from 51 manufacturers listed with part numbers.
The document provides an inventory update from February 2024 of Spice Park, which contains 6,694 electronic components. It lists the components by type (e.g. semiconductor), part number, manufacturer, thermal rating, and quantity on hand. For example, it shows that there are 621 general purpose rectifier diodes from manufacturers such as Fairchild, Fuji, Intersil, Rohm, Shindengen, and Toshiba. The detailed four-page section provides further information on the first item, general purpose rectifier diodes, including 152 individual part numbers and specifications.
This document discusses circuit simulations using LTspice. It describes driving a circuit simulation by inserting a 250 ohm resistor between the output terminals. It also describes simulating a 1 channel bridge circuit where the DUT1 and DUT2 resistors are both set to 100 ohms and the input voltage is set to either 1V or 5V.
This document discusses parametric sweeps of external and internal resistance values Rg for circuit simulation in LTspice. It also references outputting a waveform similar to a report on fall time characteristics for a device modeling report with customer Samsung.
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Datasheet of TB6819AFG
1. TB6819AFG
TOSHIBA BiCD Integrated Circuit Silicon Monolithic
TB6819AFG
Critical Conduction Mode (CRM) PFC Controller IC
Features
• Operating voltage range: 10.0 to 25 V
• Startup voltage: 12.0 V (typ.)
• Maximum drive current: 1.0 A
• Variety of protection circuits
• DC Input overvoltage protection (OVP-1)
• PFC Output overvoltage protection (OVP-2)
• Undervoltage lockout (UVLO)
SOP8-P-225-1.27
• Feedback-loop open detector (FOD)
Weight: 0.1 g (typ.)
• Brownout protection (BOP)
Block Diagram
GND MULT ZCD IS Vcc POUT
6 3 5 4 8 7
-
+ S Q
Clamp
Timer2
Timer1
+ R QN
COMP -
MULT
2
-
+
- LLP
BIAS UVLO OVP-1
+ E-Amp
. Brown-
FB IN out
Internal circuit
1 +
- FOD
-
+ OVP-2
COMP.
1 2012-01-27
2. TB6819AFG
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25°C)
Characteristics Symbol Rating Unit
Supply voltage Vccmax 25.0 V
Maximum input voltage on all pins Vinmax (Note 3) V
Minimum input voltage on all pins Vinmin GND - 0.3 V
Power dissipation 1 (Note 1) PDmax 650 mW
Operating ambient temperature (Note 2) Topr -40 to 85 °C
Junction temperature Tj 150 °C
Storage temperature Tstg -55 to 150 °C
Note 1: The rated power dissipation should be decreased by 5.2mW/°C at above Ta = 25°C ambient.
Note 2: Functional operation is guaranteed over the specified temperature range.
Note 3: See the table below
Maximum Input Voltage
Pin No. Pin Name Unit
(Rating)
1 FB IN 5.0
2 COMP 5.0
3 MULT 5.0
4 IS 5.0
V
5 ZCD 7.0
6 GND ―
7 POUT Do not apply any voltage.
8 Vcc 25.0
Pin Assignments
1: FB IN
1 8
2: COMP
2 7 3: MULT
4: IS
3 6 5: ZCD
6: GND
4 5 7: POUT
8: Vcc
2 2012-01-27
3. TB6819AFG
Pin Function
No. Pin Name Functional Description
Output voltage feedback pin. This is the input of the error amplifier (E-Amp), OVP-2 and FOD.
The PFC output voltage should be resistively divided down and applied to this pin. The error
amplifier reference voltage is set to 2.51V (typ.). For other features, see the following.
1. Overvoltage protection on the PFC output (OVP-2)
1 FB IN If the PFC output voltage increases and this pin voltage exceeds 2.69V, the POUT (pin 7) output
is forced to Low. The POUT pin will then be enabled again when this pin voltage falls below 2.51V.
2. Feedback-loop open detection (FOD)
If this pin voltage falls below 0.25V because of error conditions such as a Feedback–loop open,
the POUT (pin 7) output is forced to Low. The POUT pin will then be enabled again when this pin
voltage reaches 0.5V.
Error amplifier output.
2 COMP An external filter is required to keep the open loop gain below 0dB at the frequency twice the AC
input frequency that is superimposed on the PFC output. This external filter must be designed to
provide enough phase margins.
Detection pin for a full-wave rectified AC voltage waveform. This pin is the input of the multiplier and
BOP circuit. The full-wave rectified voltage is resistively divided and connected to this pin.
The full-wave rectified voltage applied to this pin is internally multiplied to serve as a reference
3 MULT signal for the PFC operation.
If the MULT voltage is below 0.75V, the BOP is activated and the TB6819AFG does not enter
Standby mode. After the TB6819AFG is started, it stops its operation and enters Standby mode if
the MULT voltage falls below 0.55V and peak voltage remains below 0.75V for 100ms.
Input pin for the current detection comparator. If the IS voltage exceeds the multiplier output
voltage, which is the IS comparator reference voltage, the RS flip-flop is reset. Too high a multiplier
4 IS output voltage causes an external switch to fail to switch off. To avoid this, the upper limit of the IS
comparator reference voltage is clamped to 1.7V.
Zero current detection pin for an external transformer. The zero-current detector senses an inductor
current via the auxiliary winding of the coil and sets the RS flip-flop when the current reaches zero.
5 ZCD Since the voltage of auxiliary winding varies significantly, the ZCD pin has an internal clamp circuit.
If the inductor current does not reach zero for 200μs (typ.) while the TB6819AFG is running, the
Timer1 restart timer output sets the RS flip-flop and restarts the switching.
6 GND Ground pin.
7 POUT Switching pulse output supplied to the FET switch.
Supply voltage input pin for the TB6819AFG operation. The operating voltage ranges from 10V
8 Vcc (min.) to 25V (max.). Owing to the UVLO feature, the TB6819AFG is turned off when Vcc falls
below 9.5V. The TB6819AFG is turned on again when Vcc reaches 12V.
・Notes when the protection circuits are working
The internal circuit works as shown in the following table when the protectors are operating. Except for TSD, the output
of pin 7 is kept at a low level in order to shut down outer FET. Only in the case of TSD is the output of pin 7 is kept
floating. It is necessary to connect the pull down resistor to save outer FET when TSD works.
TSD is accorded top priority. Even if the other protector is working, pin 7 floats if the IC temperature exceeds 175°C
(typ.).
Protector Remarks (typ.) Internal circuit Pin 7 output
OVP-2 FBIN ≥ Verr (2.51V) + 180mV Working L
FOD FBIN ≤ 0.5V Working L
UVLO Vcc ≤ 9.5V Standby L
Brown out MULT ≤ 0.75V Standby L
TSD Chip temperature ≥ 175°C Standby Floating
3 2012-01-27
4. TB6819AFG
Electrical Characteristics (unless otherwise specified, Vcc = 15V, Ta = 25°C)
Characteristics Symbol Remarks Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Supply voltage range Vcc 10 15 25 V
Current consumption Icc 75kHz, 1000pF ― 4 6.5 mA
Startup current Istart At startup ― 72.5 99 μA
VoH Output load current: 100mA Vcc-2.0 ― ―
Output pulse voltage V
VoL Output load current: 100mA ― ― 0.4
Output pulse rise time TRPF Load: 10Ω, 1000pF ― 25 50 ns
Output pulse fall time TSPF Load: 10Ω, 1000pF ― 10 30 ns
Input OVP voltage VOVP-1 Self-limiting 25 27.5 31.5 V
Threshold voltage (disables POUT) Verr+0.12 Verr+0.18 Verr+0.24 V
Output OVP voltage VOVP-2
Recovery threshold Verr-0.05 Verr Verr+0.05 V
Threshold voltage (disables POUT) 0.20 0.25 0.30 V
FOD trip threshold voltage VFOD
Hysteresis 180 250 300 mV
Shutdown threshold 8.8 9.5 10.2
UVLO trip threshold voltage VUVLO V
Recovery threshold 11.5 12 12.5
Negative-going threshold voltage 1.2 1.4 1.6 V
ZCD trip threshold voltage VZCD
Hysteresis 150 300 400 mV
Upper limit: 3mA 4 5.8 6.3
ZCD clamp voltage VZCDP V
Lower limit: -3mA 0.15 0.5 0.9
E-Amp reference voltage Verr 2.46 2.51 2.56 V
E-Amp mutual conductance gm 55 90 135 μS
Ie
Source ― -1 ― mA
Maximum E-Amp current source
Ie sink Sink ― 1 ― mA
Output voltage compensation under light-load
LLP trip threshold voltage VLLP 1.8 1.9 2.0 V
conditions
IS pin reference voltage Vis Upper limit of the IS reference voltage 1.55 1.7 1.9 V
Including the RC time constant for noise
IS rise time ti 210 350 550 ns
filtering
Restart time t res Timer1 60 200 400 μs
FB IN input current IFBIN FB IN = Open, sink current -1 ― 1 μA
FOD response time tFOD ― ― 1.5 μs
Output OVP response time tOVP-2 ― ― 1.5 μs
Vqu Upper 2.55 2.65 2.80 V
Quick startup voltage
VqL Lower 2.1 2.2 2.3 V
MULT input current IMULT -0.1 ― 0.1 μA
GMULT×(COMP-2.5) ×MULT = IS
MULT gain GMULT 0.35 0.5 0.65 ―
COMP=3.5V MULT=2V-1V
VLM Maximum MULT input voltage(Lower limit: 0V) 3.0 3.5 ― V
MULT input linear operation
range Maximum COMP input voltage
VLC 3.5 4.0 ― V
(Lower limit: Verr)
Positive-going threshold voltage (starts the IC) 0.71 0.75 0.79 V
Brownout threshold voltage Vb
Hysteresis 0.145 0.2 0.275 V
Brownout turn-on delay tb Timer3 50 100 200 ms
Designed values are indicated in following table, these are not tested at the shipping.
Id
Source (Reference value) ― 0.5 ― A
Maximum POUT current source
Id sink Sink (Reference value) ― 1.0 ― A
RC time constant for noise
τIS Timer2, 40kΩ / 5pF (Reference value) ― 200 ― ns
filtering
Thermal shutdown Threshold temperature (Reference value) 150 175 ― °C
TSD
threshold Hysteresis (Reference value) ― 25 ― °C
4 2012-01-27
5. TB6819AFG
Principle of Operation
I-in
PFC OUT
AC IN L1
V1 I1
C-in V2 Switch
L2
GND MULT ZCD IS Vcc POUT
6 3 5 4 8 7
GND
ZCD-COMP
-
+ S Q
Clamp
Timer2
Timer1
+ I-COMP
COMP R QN
MULT -
2 -
+
- LLP
+ BIAS UVLO OVP-1
E-Amp Brownout
FB IN
Internal circuit
1 +
-
FOD
-
+
OVP-2
COMP
(1) Boost Converter Operation
1. Switch: ON The L1 current increases. PULSE
2. The L1 current reaches the I-COMP reference OUT
current.
RS flip-flop is reset. V1
POUT toggles.
Switch goes off.
I1
V1 toggles High. V2 toggles High.
3. The L1 current decreases to zero.
The V1 and V2 voltages decrease rapidly. V2
4. The V2 voltage falls below the ZCD-COMP
reference voltage (1.4V). I-COMP
ZCD-COMP goes High. OUT
RS flip-flop is set. Switch goes on (Back to
ZCD-COMP
step 1.) OUT
①
1 ②
2 ③④
3 4
I-in waveform: Ripple-current filtering using a capacitor C-in
I-in波形:コンデンサC-inによってリプル除去
I1 waveform
I1波形
(2) Power Factor Correction (Critical Conduction Mode)
a) Step 2 causes the I-COMP reference current signal to form
a sinusoidal waveform.
b) An envelope of the L1 current that flows upon resetting the
RS flip-flop to turn the Switch off forms a sinusoidal
waveform.
I-in,I1波形
Waveforms of I-in and I1
5 2012-01-27
6. TB6819AFG
Functional Description
(1) Error Amplifier (E-Amp)
This is an error amplifier for regulating the output voltage to be constant. The TB6819AFG internally generates a
reference voltage of 2.51V (typ.).
If the E-Amp output includes the harmonics twice as large as the AC input frequency, the E-Amp system becomes
unstable. To avoid this, a filter with a cut-off frequency (fc) of about 20Hz should be externally connected to the E-Amp
output for eliminating harmonics.
(2) DC Input Overvoltage Protection (OVP-1)
This circuit protects the internal circuit from a sudden rise of the Vcc voltage in any event. The OVP-1 incorporates a
27.5V (typ.) voltage limiter.
(3) PFC Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP-2)
This circuit forces the POUT output to Low if the FBIN voltage exceeds 2.69V (typ.) due to the PFC voltage rise in any
event. The POUT output will be enabled again when the FBIN voltage falls below 2.51V (typ.).
(4) Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
This circuit disables the internal circuit if the Vcc voltage falls below 9.5V (typ.). Once the internal circuit is disabled, it will
then be enabled when Vcc reaches 12V (typ.).
(5) Feedback-Loop Open Detector (FOD)
The POUT output is forced to Low if the FBIN voltage falls below 0.25V (typ.) because of error conditions such as a
feedback–loop open. The POUT output will be enabled again when the FB IN voltage reaches 0.5V (typ.).
(6) Thermal Shutdown (TSD)
This circuit disables the internal circuit if the chip temperature exceeds 175°C (typ.). The internal circuit will be enabled
again when the chip temperature falls below 150°C (typ.).
(7) Light-Load Power Control (LLP)
This function prevents the PFC output voltage from getting too high during no-load and light-load operations.
If an offset voltage is present at the multiplier output, the PFC output voltage might increase abnormally. To avoid this,
this feature resets the RS flip-flop if the E-Amp output falls below 1.9V (typ.).
(8) Restart Timer (Timer1)
This is a restart timer. While the TB6819AFG is running, if the inductor current does not reach zero for 200μs (typ.), the
Timer1 output sets the RS flip-flop and restarts the switching.
(9) Noise Filtering (Timer2)
The TB6819AFG has a filter for filtering pulse noises on the current detect pin (IS pin). Timer2 consists of a 40kΩ resistor
and a 5pF capacitor.
(10) Brownout Protection
Brownout protection disables the internal circuit if AC input voltage falls below the predetermined value. This protection
circuit operates separately from the other internal circuits and this feature overrides any other features. At start-up, the
RS flip-flop is in the reset state disabling the internal circuit. When the voltage applied to the MULT pin reaches 0.75V
(typ.), the RS flip-flop is set to enable the internal circuit. Timer3 is programmed to start when a logical-OR result of the
operation comparator output and the QN output of the RS flip-flop becomes Low. If the logical-OR result is continuously
kept Low for 100ms, Timer3 generates a reset pulse for resetting the RS flip-flop. That is, if the MULT voltage falls below
0.55V and remains below 0.75V for 100ms while the RS flip-flop is set (QN = Low), Timer3 resets the RS flip-flop and
puts the TB6819AFG into Standby mode.
3 + S Q
- Internal circuit
0.75/0.55 V
5V
Timer3 R QN
(11) I-COMP
Outputs a reset signal RS-FF by typing what was converted to a voltage source current with a resistor of the MOSFET,
compared to the output of the MULT. During this operation, Timer2 filters noise signals having short-pulse durations, such
as switching noises. If multiplier output voltage is too high, the RS flip-flop will fail to reset. To avoid this, the upper limit of
the IS comparator reference voltage is clamped to 1.7V.
6 2012-01-27
7. TB6819AFG
Typical Performance Curves
Current Consumption vs. Temperature Start up Current Consumption vs. Temperature
4.0 110
100
電流(uA)
Current (μA)
電流(mA)
Current (mA)
90
3.0
80
70
2.0 60
50
1.0 40
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta(℃) Ta(℃)
UVLO vs. Temperature
Shut down Start up
10.5 13.0
電圧(V)
10.0 12.5
電圧(V)
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)
9.5 12.0
9.0 11.5
11.0
8.5
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta(℃) Ta(℃)
OVP-1 vs. Temperature Error Amplifier Reference Voltage vs. Temperature
31.0 2.60
30.0
電圧(V)
Voltage (V)
2.55
Voltage (V)
電圧(V)
29.0
28.0 2.50
27.0 2.45
26.0 2.40
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta(℃) Ta(℃)
Multiplier Input-Output Characteristics (Ta = 25°C) Multiplier Gain vs. Temperature
2.0
0.9
1.8
MULT_IN =3V 0.8
1.6 0.7
MULTMULTI 出力[V] (V)
2.5V
ゲイン
2V
1.4 0.6
output voltage
Gain
1.5V
1.2
0.5
0.4
1.0 1V
0.3
0.8 0.2
0.75V
0.6 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
0.4 Ta(℃)
0.2
0.0
2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
COMP電圧[V]
COMP Voltage (V)
7 2012-01-27
8. TB6819AFG
ZCD Voltage Clamp vs. Temperature
Upper side Lower side
6.0 1.00
5.8 0.80
Voltage (V)
電圧(V)
電圧(V)
Voltage (V)
5.6 0.60
5.4 0.40
5.2 0.20
5.0 0.00
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta(℃) Ta(℃)
Timer1 Restart Time vs. Temperature Error Amplifier Conductance vs. Temperature
300 120
250 110
時間(us)
100
gm(uS)
200
Time (μs)
gm (μS)
90
150
80
100 70
50 60
0 50
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta(℃) Ta(℃)
Gate-Drive Output Pulse on time vs. Temperature Gate-Drive Output Pulse off time vs. Temperature
50 30
45 25
時間(ns)
時間(ns)
Time (ns)
Time (ns)
40 20
35 15
30 10
25 5
20 0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta(℃) Ta(℃)
Brown out threshold Voltage vs. Temperature
Start up Hysteresis Voltage vs. Temperature
0.85 0.30
0.80 0.25
電圧(V)
Voltage (V)
電圧(V)
Voltage (V)
0.75 0.20
0.70 0.15
0.65 0.10
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta(℃) Ta(℃)
8 2012-01-27
9. TB6819AFG
Applications Information
NTPA73R0LBMB0
D3 RM10A
NF1 KBU8K-E4 T1
L1, N1 VOUT
LH26-402Y3R0-01 NTC1
AC_IN1 R11a R5a
D1 10kΩ 1MΩ L2, N2
F1 CNF1 R14a R3
5A/250V 2.2nF 180kΩ R11b R5b 750kΩ
CNF3 10kΩ 1MΩ PFC3819QM
Vin 0.22µF
R14b Q2 2SC5307 -231K07D-00 R2
85 to 265V
180kΩ 750kΩ
CNF2
2.2nF D9
D8 Q1
1N4007
AC_IN2 J2c 1N5245 TK15A60U
J1a J1c C1 J1b +
1µF/400V R10 R15
D4 C2 200µF
AC_G 1N400 100Ω 450V
J2b R8 39kΩ
R12a 68kΩ R7
1.5MΩ C7 10Ω R4 10kΩ C4
8pF 1µF
TP-Vcc C3
8 5 7 2
R12b 0.47µF J3b
1.5MΩ J2a 1
3 6 4
R6 100Ω
J3a
C9
C5 47µF + C10 D7 C6 3300pF
R13 1N5248 R9a R9b R1
22kΩ 10nF 30V 0.1µF 0.22Ω 0.22Ω 9.53kΩ
GND
This chapter provides the minimum description including equations and constants as a guide to understand the
TB6819AFG demonstration board. These equations and constants should be optimized according to the specifications of
actual applications. Please adjust them according to the specifications to achieve required operation. At the same time,
make sure that no problem occurs in the various tests, such as end-product, environmental and durability tests. This
application circuit is for 400V-200W output.
(1) L1 Inductance
Since the TB6819AFG operates in CRM mode, the switching frequency fs (Hz) depends on the L1 inductance and
input/output conditions.
2
L1 = (Vo - √2 × Vin (min.)) × η × Vin (min)
2 × 100 × fs × Vo × Po
Where Vin (min.) (V) is the minimum AC input voltage (effective value), Vo (V) is the output DC voltage, Po (W) is the
output power and η (%) is the power efficiency.
The fs value should be within the range between the value sufficiently higher than the audible frequency limit of 20kHz
and 150kHz, above which an EMI problem can occur. In this application, fs is targeted to be 50kHz. The power efficiency
η is assumed to be about 90%, which is not greatly different from that of actual use. The AC input voltage range is
assumed to be between 85V and 265V. Thus, the minimum value Vin (min.) is expected to be 85V, and the output power
Vo is 400V. Given that Po = 200W, L1 can be calculated as 227μH. In this application, a commercially available inductor
of 230μH is used.
(2) Auxiliary Winding L2
The auxiliary winding L2 is used to detect the zero inductor current condition of the inductor L1. L2 is also used for
delivering a supply voltage to the TB6819AFG.
Since the maximum (positive-going) reference voltage for the ZCD comparator is 1.9V, N1/N2 should meet the
following condition to properly perform zero current detection using the auxiliary winding L2:
N1 / N2 < (Vo - √2 × Vin (max.)) / 1.9 = 14
Where N1 is the number of winding turns of L1, N2 is that of L2 and Vin (max.) (V) is the maximum AC input voltage (265
V).
To ensure that the design requirements are met, N1/N2 should preferably be about 10 to allow for design margins.
9 2012-01-27
10. TB6819AFG
To deliver a supply voltage to the TB6819AFG by using the auxiliary winding L2, N1 / N2 should meet the following
condition:
Vo / Vcc (max.) < N1 / N2 < Vo / Vcc (min.)
Where Vcc (max.) is the maximum IC supply voltage and Vcc (min.) is its minimum value.
To achieve the supply voltage range of 10 to 25 V by only using L2 while obtaining Vo = 400V on the L1 side, N1 / N2
can be calculated as: 400 / 25 < N1 / N2 < 400 / 10. That is, N1 / N2 should be within the range from 16 to 40. However,
an inductor of N1 / N2 = 10 is used to achieve proper IC operation. Therefore, an external circuit is required to step down
the supply voltage so that it is within the proper range and also for its stabilization.
In this application, external circuitry for obtaining the IC supply voltage from the auxiliary winding L2 can be configured
in one of the following two ways. These two circuits are different in the block for starting up the IC, while remaining the
same in the block for voltage step-down and stabilization.
T1
R14a R11a R5a
R14b R11b R5b
TP-Vcc
J2b
Q2
Vcc
D8
D9
J2a J2c
D4 R10
C9 + C10 D7
GND
1. Using a startup resistor for starting up the TB6819AFG
Close jumpers J2a and J2b and open J2c. R14a and R14b are the startup resistors and Vcc is supplied through R10
and D4 from the auxiliary winding after the TB6819AFG is started up. The upper limit of Vcc is determined by D7, which
is 18V in this application. This circuit is not stable at light load. It is necessary to take care when using a circuit of this
type.
2. Using a constant-current circuit for starting up the TB6819AFG
Close jumpers J2a and J2c and open J2b. This setup achieves stable operation at start-up by using a transistor Q2
instead of using a startup resistor for configuring a constant-current circuit. The base potential of Q2 is determined by a
Zener diode D8, which is 15V in this application. This constant-current circuit is only used for starting up the TB6819AFG.
Thus, it should be ensured that the D9 output potential does not exceed the D7 Zener voltage of 18V. The following
relationship should be satisfied between the voltages:
Vcc (min.) < D9 output voltage < D7 Zener voltage < Vcc (max.)
To supply Vcc externally, jumpers J2a, J2b and J2c should all be open and supply voltage from TP-Vcc. At this time, the
IC ground pin should be connected to the nearest ground pattern, such as an anode pin of D7 and ground-side terminals
of C9 and C10.
In the event of unexpected faults such as short-circuits between adjacent pins, a large current may abruptly flow,
damaging the TB6819AFG. This damage can be severe if a short circuit occurs between Vcc (pin 8) and POUT (pin 7) or
between GND (pin 6) and POUT (pin 7). Therefore, the maximum possible current flowing to the Vcc pin should be
restricted to the minimum extent required for the application.
(3) Multiplier Input Circuit
Circuitry for applying a sinewave signal of the AC input supply voltage to the multiplier can be configured in one of the
following ways.
1. Dividing a full-wave rectified voltage waveform
Close jumper J1b and open J1a and J1c.
2. Dividing a voltage waveform prior to full-wave rectification
Close jumpers J1a and J1c and open J1b.
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11. TB6819AFG
Considering that the IC startup threshold voltages of the BOP function = 0.75V, the rated voltage of the IC = 5V and the
MULT linear input voltage range of the multiplier = 0 to 3.0V, the R12a, R12b and R13 resistor values should satisfy the
following condition:
0.75V < 85V × √2 × R13 / (R12a + R12b + R13) (= 0.875V)
265V × √2 × R13 / (R12a + R12b + R13) (= 2.728V) < 3.0 V (5V)
In this application, resistors of the following values are used: R12a = R12b = 1.5MΩ, R13 = 22kΩ.
(4) Output Voltage Feedback Circuit
When the DC output voltage is resistively divided and applied to the error amplifier, the R1, R2 and R3 resistor values
should satisfy the following equation:
Vo × R1 / (R1 + R2 + R3) = 2.51V
Where Vo (V) is the output voltage and the error amplifier reference voltage = 2.51V.
Substituting Vo = 400V, R2 = R3 = 750kΩ provides R1 = 9.47kΩ. In this application however, a resistor of 9.53kΩ, which
is available in the E96 series, is used as R1.
(5) Current Detection Circuit
Iq1, which is the current that flows through an external transistor Q1, is converted into voltage by using a current
detection resistor R9, then applied to the IS pin (pin 4). The peak voltage of the IS comparator reference voltage while
voltage of Vin (min.) is applied is Visp (min.), which can be calculated as:
0.65 × Vin (min.) × √2 × R13 / (R12a + R12b + R13) = 0.57V
The maximum current of the Q1 current, Iq1 (max) is limited to Visp (min.) / R9.
Iq1 (max.) = Visp (min.) / R9 = 0.57 / R9
This current should allow the output power Po to be large enough. Therefore, the following equation should be satisfied:
Po × 100 / η = Vin (min.) × √2 × Iq1 (rms)
where Iq1 (rms) is the effective value of Iq1.
When Po = 200W, Vin (min.) = 85V, the power efficiency η = 90%, and also Iq1 (max.) = 2 × √2 × Iq1 (rms) considering
the CRM current waveform, the above equation can be rewritten as:
Iq1 (max.) = Po × 100 × 2 × √2 / (η × Vin (min.) × √2) = 5.23A
R9 = 0.57 / Iq1 (max.) = 0.11Ω
In this application, resistors of 0.22Ω, R9a and R9b, are connected in parallel.
(6) Zero-Current Detection Circuit
The auxiliary winding L2 is connected to the ZCD pin. At this time, the current through L2 is limited to 3mA, which is the
rated current at the ZCD pin, or less by using the current limiting resistor R8. The following relationship should be
satisfied depending on whether the external FET is on or off:
FET = On: R8 > Vin (max.) × √2 × N2 / N1 / 3mA = 12.5kΩ
FET = Off: R8 > Vo × N2 /N1 / 3mA = 13.3kΩ
A resistor of 68kΩ is used in this application for limiting the current to 1/5 of the rated current.
(7) Output Capacitor
The output capacitance C2 is determined so that the PFC output ripple voltage does not exceed the output overvoltage
detection threshold. Since the output voltage ripple is derived from a full-wave rectified input voltage waveform, it
contains frequency components of twice the AC input frequency. When Vr is the effective value of ripple voltage, the
following equation can be approximately formulated:
C2 = Po / (2 × 2πf × Vr × Vo)
Considering the condition of √2Vr ≤ Vo × (VOVP-2 / Verr-1), the above equation can be rewritten as:
2
C2 ≥ Po / (√2 × 2πf × Vo × (VOVP-2 / Verr-1))
Substituting f = 50Hz, VOVP-2 = 2.63V (min.) and Verr = 2.46V (min.), the following can be obtained:
C2 ≥ 41μF
A capacitor of 200μF is used as C2 in this application.
(8) Input Capacitor
An input capacitor C1 for the PFC should be capable of supplying energy stored in the L1 inductor while the FET is on.
Since the on/off duty cycle of the FET is about 50%, the C1 capacitor should be temporarily able to supply twice the
current. Also, a current reaches its maximum when the AC input voltage is the minimum. Thus, the following relationship
should be satisfied:
2 2
2 × 1 / 2 × L1 × (Po / Vin (min.)) ≤ 1 / 2 × C1 × Vin (min.)
, which can be rewritten as:
2 4
C1 ≥ 2 × L1 × Po / Vin (min.) = 0.35μF
A capacitor of 1μF is used as C1 in this application.
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12. TB6819AFG
Package Dimensions SOP8 (SOP8-P-225-1.27)
Unit: mm
Marking
6819AG
(1) (2)
Lot Code
(1)Production year mark (Shown in a letter the digit at the end of (calendar year) production year
(2)Production week mark (Two characters shown in the production week (up to week 53)
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13. TB6819AFG
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13 2012-01-27