The document discusses various techniques for data collection, survey, analysis, and mapping related to urban and regional development planning. It emphasizes the importance of primary and secondary data, community involvement in surveys, and different types of surveys for socio-economic and infrastructure analysis. Additionally, it addresses the role of GIS in planning, land suitability analysis, and the preparation of base maps for effective urban development planning.

1. URBAN AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS
FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
-By
Taskin C
Harshitha

2. •The Chapter Describes Some Of The Useful And Simplified Techniques For Data Collection,
Survey, Analysis, Projections And Mapping.
•Most Of These Exercises Can Be Take Up As A Separate Research/ Survey Before Plan
Preparation To Provide Processed Data Inputs.
The data collection checklist is a precise and exhaustive
listing of topics/issues and sub‐topics/issues related to
the information need.
•Based on primary data collection techniques
Secondary data collection techniques

3. SELF‐SURVEY
Visual surveys are direct inspection
surveys, which are performed by survey
teams moving in a vehicle or walking.
This type of survey can be used in the
initial stages of the investigation, often
after preparing initial checklist
Direct Inspection
Indirect Inspection
•where human communication is not
required to elicit the information
•which are specific to the objectives of
the analysis
•A number of types of surveys are
undertaken face to face or by
telephonic conversation
•PRA is an intensive, systematic but
semi‐structured learning experience carried
out in a community by a multi‐disciplinary
team, which includes community members
•Focussed group discussion is a qualitative
data collection and research technique.
Questions about opinions, perceptions,
beliefs, attitude of people towards planning
aims, services are probed in these discussions
•Survey forms handed out
or inserted in the
newspapers and the filled
questionnaires are mail to
surveyor

4. SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES
PUBLISHED SOURCES
UNPUBLISHED SOURCES
Mostly secondary data is collected from
published sources, which makes it reliable.
Some important sources of published sources and
statistical data are as follow:
Statistical and non‐statistical data can also be collected
from various unpublished sources. Some of the important
unpublished sources from which secondary data can
be collected are:
Published reports of Central and State Governments and local
bodies.
Official publications of the foreign Governments.
The research works carried out by scholars, research associates
and professionals.
The records maintained by private firms and business
enterprises, which may not have been published due to business
discretion.
TYPES OF SURVEYS
SOCIO‐ECONOMIC SURVEY LAND USE SURVEYS
DENSITY SURVEYS
INFRASTRUCTURE SURVEYS
Demographic survey is
concerned with collection of
socio‐economic data regarding
characteristics of human
populations, such as size,
growth, density, distribution,
and vital statistics.
Land use survey is
commonly undertaken with
the purpose to identify
developed and undeveloped
areas for analysis of physical
distribution and condition of
existing development for
future projections.
Density surveys
are done to
understand the
relationship
between built‐up
area and population
density.
•Residential Density
•Non‐Residential Density
Infrastructure survey
includes the survey of
existing infrastructure
within and surrounding
the study area in terms
of its population.

5. TRANSPORTATION SURVEYS
SURVEY NAME
Inventory Of Road Network System Speed And Delay Studies Classified Traffic Volume Counts
Road Side Origin And Destination
•To identify physical constraints
and bottleneck points along the
identified road network.
•To elicit the journey and running
speed along the road network.
•To identify the bottleneck point.
•To appreciate the
spatial distribution of
traffic.
•To establish the level of
service on the road
network system.
Mobility Survey (Household Survey)
•To appreciate the traffic characteristics
•To appreciate the desired patterns of
Passenger and goods traffic
•To elicit socio‐economic characteristics of the
Household.
•To elicit travel characteristics of the Household

6. PARKING DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS PARKING SUPPLY ACTIVITY PLACE STUDY
•To appreciate the activity pattern in terms of
type and intensity.
•To appreciate the employment levels by type of
activity
• To assess the parking characteristics in terms of
parking duration and accumulation by Mode
• To assess future levels of demand
SURVEY NAME

7. Carrying capacity of an area can be defined as the maximum number of population.
That can be supported by the environment of that area through optimum utilization of The
available resources.
THIS INDEED DEPENDS HIGHLY ON THE
•SOCIO‐ECONOMIC STATUS OF THE PEOPLE
• USE OF TECHNOLOGY
Planners usually define carrying capacity as the ability of the natural or artificial system that can absorb
the population growth or physical development without considerable degradation or damage.
•INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY LEVEL,
• INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY LEVEL,
• PERCEPTUAL CARRYING CAPACITY,
• ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY LEVEL,
• SUSTAINABLE CAPACITY LEVEL AND
• BIO‐CENTRIC CAPACITY LEVEL.

8. Land suitability refers to the ability of a particular type of land to support a specific use. The
process of land suitability classification involves; evaluation and grouping of particular land areas
based on their suitability for a defined use.
Land use suitability analysis aims at identifying the most appropriate spatial pattern for future
land uses according to specific requirements, preferences, or predictors of some activity.
Applications of suitability analysis can be found in many fields, such as site selection for cropland,
agriculture suitability, graze suitability, forestry suitability (natural resource management field), flooding
control, sustainable development (environment field), suitability for urban expansion, site selection for
specific land use etcetera.
•Each factor is represented by a thematic map in GIS,
• According to single factor evaluation standard, score is given to the
map unit of each factor and then the single factor suitability is
generated,
•Weights are accorded to suitability factors according to
their relative importance. The weights are determined by
statistic integration and hierarchic analysis in this
research from which the composite score is calculated.

9. •the demand for water, power and
waste disposal facilities; housing,
open spaces and schools; the supply
of labour; spending power available
for the retail trade, the numbers of
private cars to be expected, possible
recreational demands ‐all can be
estimated from the projected
population.
•Mathematical and Direct Methods
•Employment Method
•Ratio Methods
•Migration and Natural increase Method
•The Cohort Survival Methods
•Matrix Methods
•The likely demands of land
development rest on various
types of economic activities,its
scale, its possible location within
a city or a city region and broad
relationships between these
activities.
•Simple Extrapolation
•Productivity Method
•Projections by Sectors of Economy
•Economic Base Method
•Ratio Method
•Input Output Methods
•Social or Regional Accounts Method
•National product is a measure in
monetary terms of the volume of
all goods and services produced
by an economy during a given
period of time, accounted without
duplication. It is measured by
three approaches, namely the
production, income, and
expenditure.
•Production approach
•Expenditure approach

10. MAPPING
The scale of map used depends
upon the size of the planning
area and the coverage and
extent of the information . the
scale of maps for different types
of planning exercises at various
levels may be selected out of
the range indicated .
•Perspective Plan
•Regional Plan
•Local Area Plan/
Special Purpose Plan
Maps contain lots of spatial
data for the planning of
urban and regional areas.
Depending upon the
requirement of study and
availability of data, features
can be selected and
presented through map.
•Physical
•Planning and Administrative
•History of development
•Climate
•Tourism
•Hazard prone
•Demography
•Economic and Social
development
•Infrastructure
•Transportation
Procedure to retrieve data by
permissions, which is not available in
the public forum
are given below:
TOPO SHEETS
Unrestricted topographical/ city guide
maps published by Survey of India are
available for sale. The standard
topographical maps on scale 1:25000,
1:50000 and 1:250,000 and city guide
maps published for selected
towns/cities are useful for urban
development plan purpose.
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Information regarding area of interest for
aerial photography, its scale and cost rates
can be obtained from Surveyor General’s
Office, Dehradun or the Directorate of
Survey (Air), New Delhi.

11. BASE MAP & DEVELOPMENT PLAN PREPARATION
•Base Map preparation process
•Before taking up any urban
development plan exercise
the first task, both from
planning point of view and
as statutory requirement, is
to prepare or obtain reliable,
accurate and up‐to‐date
base map for the respective
town or city for which the
plan is being prepared.
•Purpose of map
•Scale
• Projection
• Method of
map‐making
•Draughting skill
•Geographical Information System (GIS) in
planning is increasingly being applied for plan
formulation, analysis as well as for proposal.
As a powerful tool, GIS helps the planners to
view different scenarios and their outcome so
that an optimal strategy can be chosen for
planning and development.
•Preparation of existing land use
•Analysis of Existing Land Use Map
•Proposed Land use Plan
•Use of GIS in Plan Revision
•Bhuvan is a geoportal of Indian
Space Research Organisation (ISRO),
which is for Indian Earth Observation
data products and services. Bhuvan
provides interpretated satellite
imageries, thematic data and other
services to all, apart from base for
urbanand regional planning for the
authorised Government agencies.
•PORTAL USER INTERFACE
•BHUVAN MOBILE APPLICATIONS
•After Planning activity is over, such
data can be uploaded on Bhuvan
portal for public viewing.
•Bhuvan provides varieties of solutions on
Mobile and Smart‐phone platform in addition
to field data collection and upload, which can
be used for urban and regional planning
exercise.