Indie rock originated in the UK and US in the 1980s and is a diverse genre encompassing styles like indie pop and lo-fi. In the mid-1980s, "Indie" described music produced on punk labels rather than the labels themselves. Bands like The Smiths helped popularize guitar-based music as an alternative to synth pop. In the 1990s, grunge bands like Nirvana brought alternative rock into the mainstream. Digital technology in the 2000s made it easier for indie bands to get recognized without major labels.