Targeting the Microbiome 2017
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
3 likes•1,566 views
Explore the connection between the oral microbiome, immune-mediated inflammatory disease, and personalized nutrition!
Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Targeting the Microbiome 2017
Similar to Targeting the Microbiome 2017 (20)
More from DrBonnie360
More from DrBonnie360 (18)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Targeting the Microbiome 2017
- 1. The Forecast to Our Health Storm: Exploring the Connection Between the Oral Microbiome, Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease, and Personalized Nutrition
- 2. Meet the Weatherwoman Bonnie Feldman, DDS, MBA DrBonnie360’s mission is to create a digitally connected world of personalized care for autoimmune patients. As Your Autoimmunity Connection, we consult with start-up companies and entrepreneurs who are bringing new products and services that will improve research, diagnosis, and treatment for autoimmunity. Content and Visual Design by Ellie Macartney Special thanks to Ellen M. Martin +1.310.666.5312 drbonnie360@gmail.com Drbonnie360.com @DrBonnie360 facebook.com/YourAutoimmunityCon nection Your Autoimmunity Connection DrBonnie360
- 3. Beginning with the big picture: an overview of the microbiome
- 4. -Omics Research Sets the Stage for a New View of the Oral Ecosystem PubMed Health Glossary
- 5. An Anatomical Overview of the Oral Cavity PubMed Health Glossary
- 6. Where in the body is the microbiome located? The Scientist: The Body’s
- 7. How do composition & role(s) of the microbiome vary with location in the body? Frontiers in Microbiology
- 8. Spotlight on the oral microbiome: What is the micro-ecology of the oral cavity?
- 9. Public Library of Comparing the oral microbiome with other body regions
- 10. Composition of the Oral Microbiome PubMed Health Glossary
- 11. Analyzing the oral microbiome in health & disease
- 12. Oral Microbiome & Personalized Health Wiley Online Library
- 13. Functional Profile of the Saliva Microbiome InTech Open Science
- 14. British Dental Journal Looking at Causes of Dysbiosis
- 15. Oral Cavity Risk Factors of the Caries-Prone Person Nature Journal
- 16. Periodontal Disease vs. Periodontal Health PubMed Health Glossary
- 17. Immunomicrobial Pathogenesis of Periodontitis Cell: Trends in Immunology
- 18. Oral Microbiome Alterations in Periodontal Disease PubMed Health Glossary
- 19. PubMed Health Glossary Polymicrobial Synergy & Dysbiosis In Periodontitis
- 20. Autoimmunity & the Oral Microbiome Wiley Online Library
- 21. Oral Microbiome in Rheumatoid Arthritis Nature Online Journal
- 23. Fig 1: Endeavors and achievements already made, plus progress and challenges in current and future scenarios with regard to personalized nutrition. Rise of Personalized Nutrition
- 25. Defining the Spectrum of Personalized Nutriton Solutions
- 26. TNO Courtesy of Nard Clabbers Personalized Nutrition Research
- 27. Nutrition Review Personalized Nutrition & Physical Activity
- 28. Personalized Nutrition Compan y What How For Whom Day Two Predicts blood sugar responses to 1000s of different foods based on analysis of an individual’s microbiome App provides personalized dietary plan & food recs based on these predictions At-home stool sample Questionnaire Blood Test DNA sequencing of microbiome Analysis w/ patented algorithm Consumers Habit Personalized nutrition plan that includes 1:1 support from certified coaches, preparation of meals by chefs & food delivery At-home biomarker test kit Questionnaire Online report (via app) 1:1 coaching (via phone or text) Chefs & meal delivery Consumers DNA Fit DNA testing to provide customized recs for nutrient needs & predict an individual’s response to exercise At-home saliva test Gene analysis by scientific advisors Online report w/ nutrition & fitness info to help optimize action plan Consumers Inside Tracker Determines an individual’s optimal biomarker zones Constructs tailored nutrition plan w/ additional recs for supplements & exercise At-home or in-lab blood test Questionnaire Analysis against extensive database Personalized action plan Consumers
- 29. Personalized Supplements Company What How For Whom Vitamin Packs Develops unique combinations of 70 diff. supplements based on individual needs. Accounts for drug interactions w/ any pharm. drugs a consumer uses. Questionnaire AI system forms recommendations Delivery of unique vitamin packs Consumers Care/Of Coordinates personalized daily vitamin packs w/ option for delivery & access to active ingredient info Questionnaire Recs from scientific advisory board Delivery of supplement packs Consumer Vitagene Provides detailed report w/ individualized recs for supplements, diet, fitness, and/or ancestry info Saliva DNA sample Online questionnaire Online dashboard of results Consumer Pure Genomics Analyzes genetic variants to create individualized supplement recs practitioners may provide for patients Saliva-based personal genome analysis kits by 23andMe Healthcare Professionals & Clients Nutrigenomix Genetic tests based on 45 genetic markers for health & wellness and/or athletic performance Saliva collection test kit Genotyping by accredited lab Customized report Healthcare Professionals & Clients Nuritas Discovers natural active ingredients from food sources, for use as potential basis for new medicines AI & DNA analysis of bioactive peptides Business
- 30. Applications of probiotics & prebiotics
- 32. Explore the scientific resources behind the oral microbiome forecast…
- 33. Oral vs. Gut Microbiome: What is the Oral Microbiome? Devine, Deirdre A. et al. "Modulation of host responses by oral commensal bacteria." Journal of oral microbiology 7 (2015). http://www.journaloforalmicrobiology.net/index.php/jom/article/view/26941. Dewhirst, Floyd E. et al. "The human oral microbiome." Journal of bacteriology 192.19 (2010): 5002-5017. http://jb.asm.org/content/192/19/5002.short. Egija Zaura et al. “Acquiring and maintaining a normal oral microbiome: current perspective,” Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (2014): 85https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4071637/. Krzyściak, Wirginia et al. "The Role of Human Oral Microbiome in Dental Biofilm Formation." InTech. N.p., n.d. Webhttps://www.intechopen.com/books/microbial-biofilms-importance-and-applications/the-role-of-human-oral-microbiome-in- dental-biofilm-formation. Lloyd-Price, Jason et al. "The healthy human microbiome." Genome medicine 8.1 (2016): 1.https://genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13073-016-0307-y. Zarco, Vess et al. “The Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease and the Potential Impact on Personalized Dental Medicine.” Oral Diseases 18.2 (2012): 109–120. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01851.x/full.
- 34. What is the Importance of Saliva? Glurich, Ingrid et al. “Progress in Oral Personalized Medicine: Contribution of ‘omics.’” Journal of Oral Microbiology 7.0 (2015): 28223.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4561229/. Yang, Fang et al. “Characterization of Saliva Microbiota’s Functional Feature Based on Metagenomic Sequencing.” SpringerPlus 5.1 (2016): 2098. PMC. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40064-016-3728-6. Zaura, Egija et al. "On the ecosystemic network of saliva in healthy young adults." The ISME Journal (2017).http://www.nature.com/ismej/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ismej2016199a.html.
- 35. Oral Microbiome and Caries & Periodontal Disease Costalonga, Massimo et al. "The oral microbiome and the immunobiology of periodontal disease and caries." Immunology letters 162.2 (2014): 22-38. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165247814001874. Dewhirst, Floyd E. “The Oral Microbiome: Critical for Understanding Oral Health and Disease.” Journal of the California Dental Association 44.7 (2016): 409–10.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27514152. Hajishengallis, George. “Periodontitis: from microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation,” Nature Reviews Immunology (2015): 30–44 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4276050/. Kilian, M. et al. "The oral microbiome–an update for oral healthcare professionals." British Dental Journal 221.10 (2016): 657-666.http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v221/n10/abs/sj.bdj.2016.865.html. Liu, Bo et al. "Deep sequencing of the oral microbiome reveals signatures of periodontal disease." PloS one 7.6 (2012): e37919. http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0037919. Yost, Susan et al. “Potassium is a key signal in host-microbiome dysbiosis in periodontitis,” PLOS Pathogens (2017): e1006457. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28632755.
- 36. Oral Microbiome and Systemic Disease Bars, Pierre et al. “The oral cavity microbiota: between health, oral disease and cancers of the aerodigestive tract,” Canadian Journal of Microbiology (2017): 475–492. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28257583 Curatola, Gerald P. et al., “The Mouth-Body Connection: a 28-Day Program to Create a Healthy Mouth, Reduce Inflammation, and Prevent Disease throughout the Body,” Center Street, (2017). https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Mouth_Body_Connection.html?id=TCQavgAACAAJ Nikitakis, N. G., et al. "The autoimmunity–oral microbiome connection." Oral diseases (2016). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/odi.12589/full. Scher, Jose U. et al. "Periodontal disease and the oral microbiota in new‐onset rheumatoid arthritis." Arthritis & Rheumatism 64.10 (2012): 3083-3094. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/art.34539/full. Zhang, Xuan et al. “The Oral and Gut Microbiomes Are Perturbed in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Partly Normalized after Treatment.” Nature Medicine 21.8 (2015): 895–905. http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v21/n8/abs/nm.3914.html.
- 37. How Can Personalized Nutrition Impact the Oral Microbiome? Biesalski, Hans K. “Nutrition Meets the Microbiome: Micronutrients and the Microbiota.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1372.1 (2016): 53–64. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nyas.13145/full. Marshall, Lisa. "The Personalized-Nutrition Boom." Nutrition Business Journal XX.4 (2015): 1-4. PLM Institute. Apr. 2015. Web. 21 Jan. 2017. http://plminstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/NBJ-Personalized-Nutrition_final_April- 2015-_Pages-1-4.pdf. Shoaie, Saeed et al. “Quantifying Diet-Induced Metabolic Changes of the Human Gut Microbiome.” Cell metabolism 22.2 (2015): 320–331. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413115003307. van Ommen, Ben et al. “Systems biology of personalized nutrition,” International Life Sciences Institute (2017). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8940020_Nutrigenomics_Exploiting_systems_biology_in_the_nutrition_and_h ealth_arenas. vel Szic, Katarzyna Szarc et al. "From inflammaging to healthy aging by dietary lifestyle choices: is epigenetics the key to personalized nutrition?." Clinical epigenetics 7.1 (2015): 33. https://clinicalepigeneticsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13148-015-0068-2.
- 38. How Can Personalized Nutrition Impact the Oral Microbiome? (Continued) Wasielewski, Helen et al. “Resource Conflict and Cooperation between Human Host and Gut Microbiota: Implications for Nutrition and Health.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1372.1 (2016): 20–8. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nyas.13118/full. Woelber et al. “An oral health optimized diet can reduce gingival and periodontal inflammation in humans - a randomized controlled pilot study,” BMC Oral Health (2016): 28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27460471 Zeevi, David et al. "Personalized nutrition by prediction of glycemic responses." Cell 163.5 (2015): 1079-1094. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867415014816. Zmora, Niv et al. "Taking it personally: personalized utilization of the human microbiome in health and disease." Cell host & microbe 19.1 (2016): 12-20. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931312815005089.
- 39. Prebiotics, Probiotics, & Synbiotics for Oral Health Evans, Joseph. “Think outside the gut: Probiotics for oral health,” Agro Food Industry Hi Tech. (2016): 27. 48-53. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303462030_Think_outside_the_gut_Probiotics_for_or al_health. Ohshima T et al. “Therapeutic Application of Synbiotics, a Fusion of Probiotics and Prebiotics, and Biogenics as a New Concept for Oral Candida Infections: A Mini Review,” Front Microbiol. (2016): 7:10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4724717/. Reddy, R. Sudhakar et al. “Bacteria in Oral Health – Probiotics and Prebiotics A Review,” Int J Biol Med Res. (2011): 2(4): 1226- 1233.https://www.biomedscidirect.com/261/bacteria_in_oral_health_probiotics_and_prebiotics_ a_review/articlescategories.
Editor's Notes
- What happens in the mouth does not stay in the mouth
- The schematic provides a broad encompassing overview of study domains contributing to advancement of personalized medicine and deeper understanding of host–microbiome interactions. Ultimately, achieving personalized, precision oral medicine will target maintenance of oral environments that support positive symbiotic relationships between the host and oral microbiota, while minimizing deleterious impacts on systemic health associated with poor oral health.
- Location
- Taxonomic distribution, prevalence and abundance of microbial taxa that inhabit healthy human body sites as defined in the human microbiome projects (HMP). The colored rectangles denote phylum/class and genera. Clinical studies of the microbiome will help to elucidate the link between microbes and the promotion of a large number of diseases and pathological conditions as shown in the figure. The images were adapted from NIH HMP (http://www.hmpdacc.org/) and National Human Genome Research Institute (https://www.genome.gov/). TORCH, Toxoplasmosis, Oher infections (coxsackievirus, HIV, syphilis, etc), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex.
- Figure 4. Genus-level comparisons of 13 body site microbiomes among two to five different subjects. The proportion of genus-level assignments of reads is presented as differentially colored slices of doughnut charts per body site. The results from different subjects are presented from the inner to outer rings of the doughnuts. Results are displayed for genera whose references accrued >0.15 (15%) of the mapped reads from at least one sample.
- CORE microbiome of oral cavity The tree was generated with RAxML BlackBox Web server [154] and viewed in ITOL [155]. Genera are color-coded by phyla, except for the Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, which are shown at the level of class (Adapted from [6]).
- Cycle of ecological shifts in the oral microbiome that cause disease. Poor oral hygiene, immunological disorders, and certain genetic compositions are major factors that contribute to the start of this cycle. One condition may lead microbes to either grow abnormal or acquire virulence factors, and in turn, activate the rest of the cycle and eventually disease
- Salivary flow and biofilms on the teeth and soft tisseu mainitain microbiomeal equilibrium within the oral cavity and protect pathogens from manifesting.
- Dysbiois of oral microbiome. Factors that have potential to cause dysbiosis Genetic fidff, activity of salivary proteins, salivary flow rated, inate immune factos, oral hygiene, diet , smoking, antibiotic agents Fig.5 (a) Causes of dysbiosis; (b) A model of dysbiosis (adapted from Marsh80)In health, the majority of the bacteria have a symbiotic relationship with the host; for simplicity, these microorganisms are shown in green. Potentially cariogenic or periodontopathic bacteria (shown in red with dotted outlines) have been detected at healthy sites at low levels that are not clinically relevant; they may also be acquired from close partners (transmission), but again, their levels would be extremely low relative to the bacteria associated with health. In disease, there is an increase in the numbers and proportions of cariogenic or periodontopathic bacteria, and there may be increased biomass (especially in gingivitis). It is proposed that for this to happen, there has to be a change in local environmental conditions (major ecological pressure), which alters the competitiveness of bacteria within the biofilm and selects for those species that are most adapted to the new environment. The factors driving this selection The oral microbiome - An update for oral healthcare professionals (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310673640_The_oral_microbiome_-_An_update_for_oral_healthcare_professionals [accessed Sep 18, 2017].
- In Caries, carbohydrates are fermented to organic acids which lowers the ph and result in demineralization of the tooth surface. This drives the selection of acid producing and acid tolerating bacteria which is dysbiosis.
- Recent studies have uncovered novel mechanisms underlying the breakdown of periodontal host–microbe homeostasis, which can precipitate dysbiosis and periodontitis in susceptible hosts. Dysbiotic microbial communities of keystone pathogens and pathobionts are thought to exhibit synergistic virulence whereby not only can they endure the host response but can also thrive by exploiting tissue-destructive inflammation, which fuels a self-feeding cycle of escalating dysbiosis and inflammatory bone loss, potentially leading to tooth loss and systemic complications. Here, I discuss new paradigms in our understanding of periodontitis, which may shed light into other polymicrobial inflammatory disorders. In addition, I highlight gaps in knowledge required for an integrated picture of the interplay between microbes and innate and adaptive immune elements that initiate and propagate chronic periodontal inflammation.
- Polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis in periodontitis Periodontitis is induced in susceptible hosts by a polymicrobial community, in which different members fulfil distinct roles that converge synergistically to cause destructive inflammation. Keystone pathogens, the colonization of which is facilitated by accessory pathogens, initially subvert the host response leading to a dysbiotic microbiota, in which pathobionts over-activate the inflammatory response and cause periodontal tissue destruction, including resorption of the supporting alveolar bone. Inflammation and dysbiosis positively reinforce each other because inflammatory tissue breakdown products are used as nutrients by the dysbiotic microbiota. The lower panel depicts the progression from periodontal health (swallow gingival crevice; ≤2 mm) to gingivitis (periodontal inflammation without bone loss; gingival crevice ≤3 mm) to periodontitis (formation of periodontal pockets ≥4 mm and inflammatory bone loss). Inflammation-induced collagenolytic enzymes can contribute to loss of tissue attachment to the teeth and the deepening and ulceration of the pockets (up to 10-12 mm covering a surface area of 8-20 cm2), which serve as a niche that can harbour 108 to 1010 bacteria feeding on the inflammatory spoils (for example collagen peptides, haem-containing compounds) carried with the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) that bathes the pocket.
- People eating identical meals present high variability in post-meal blood glucose response. Personalized diets created with the help of an accurate predictor of blood glucose response that integrates parameters such as dietary habits, physical activity, and gut microbiota may successfully lower postmeal blood glucose and its long-term metabolic consequences.
- TNO Research A consumer view of personalized nutrition TNO is an international research consortium, indepednant non-profti, founded in 1931 Personalized nutrition and lifestyle Looking at a definition of health= ability to adapt, reiience, flexibility PN and H consortium looking at nutirtion, behavior and data Goal is behavior change through consumer empowerment Big data is making personalized advice a reality Systmes biology and personalized nutition paper Looks at systems flexiblity European study at food4meorg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yUn9QgXWb-w&app=desktop
- Applying personalized nutrition to customize your exercise program
- Probiotics may modulate the immune system affect infection, diarhhea, exema and others Improve metabolism - make B complex, increase absorption, Reduce inflammation Prebiotics Improve bowel function Promote growth of beneficial mictobes Body weight
- Think outside the gut: Probiotics for oral health Part f personalized nutrition, stage is set for probiotics to optimize oral and throat health New field of research in oral microbiology and oral medicine Evidence suggests that propylatic use of S.Salivarius K12 to children with recurrent oral strp reduced the no of infections