This document contains a 30 question physics exam with multiple choice answers. The exam covers topics in mechanics, electromagnetism, optics, modern physics, and waves. For each question, there is a short problem statement followed by 4 possible answer choices. The full solutions to the exam questions are available online at the given website.
The document discusses Coulomb's law and electric fields. It defines electric fields as the force a charge would feel at a given location. Electric fields are calculated similarly to Coulomb's law but for any location, not just where a charge is located. Electric field lines are used to represent electric fields graphically, with closer lines indicating stronger fields and arrow directions showing the field direction. Conductors have no electric field inside them as free electrons redistribute to eliminate any field.
The document describes how to calculate the attractive force between two charged objects using Coulomb's law. It provides an example of calculating the 1014 N attractive force between an object with a +500 coulomb charge and an object with a -200 coulomb charge located 3 m apart. It then asks two follow up questions: one to calculate the force between objects with charges of +400 C and -200 C located 5 m apart, and another to calculate the distance between objects with charges of +500 C and -200 C that experience a 1014 N force.
1) An electric dipole is formed when two equal but opposite charges are separated by an infinitesimal distance. The dipole moment is defined as the product of the charge magnitude and the distance between them.
2) The electrostatic potential and electric field due to a dipole can be expressed in terms of the dipole moment. The potential and field decrease with increasing distance from the dipole.
3) A torque is experienced by a dipole when placed in an external electric field, with the torque being proportional to the cross product of the dipole moment and the electric field.
This document outlines the units and topics covered in a Basic Electrical Engineering course. The course is divided into 6 units: 1) Elementary Concepts, 2) Electromagnetism, 3) Single Phase Transformers, 4) AC Fundamentals, 5) Single Phase AC Circuits, and 6) DC Circuits. Each unit covers both theory and numerical problems. Key topics include insulation resistance, transformers, capacitors, alternating quantities, series and parallel RLC circuits, resonance, polyphase systems, Kirchhoff's laws, Thevenin's theorem, and network analysis. The instructor provides an overview of important concepts and example problems to study for each unit.
1) Four point charges placed at the corners of a square were given. The total electric potential at the center of the square was calculated to be 4.5 x 10^4 V.
2) The electric field and potential due to a point charge were given. Using these, the distance of the point from the charge and the magnitude of the charge were calculated.
3) An oil drop carrying a charge between the plates of a capacitor was given. The voltage required to balance the drop, given the mass and distance between plates, was calculated to be 9.19 V.
The document discusses several key concepts in electromagnetism including electric charge, Coulomb's law, and the superposition principle. It provides examples of how to calculate the electric force between two charges using Coulomb's law and how to find the net force on a charge from multiple other charges using the superposition principle. It also gives an example problem of using Newton's laws and electric forces to calculate the charge needed to balance the gravitational force on a hanging charged ball.
This document contains a 30 question physics exam with multiple choice answers. The exam covers topics in mechanics, electromagnetism, optics, modern physics, and waves. For each question, there is a short problem statement followed by 4 possible answer choices. The full solutions to the exam questions are available online at the given website.
The document discusses Coulomb's law and electric fields. It defines electric fields as the force a charge would feel at a given location. Electric fields are calculated similarly to Coulomb's law but for any location, not just where a charge is located. Electric field lines are used to represent electric fields graphically, with closer lines indicating stronger fields and arrow directions showing the field direction. Conductors have no electric field inside them as free electrons redistribute to eliminate any field.
The document describes how to calculate the attractive force between two charged objects using Coulomb's law. It provides an example of calculating the 1014 N attractive force between an object with a +500 coulomb charge and an object with a -200 coulomb charge located 3 m apart. It then asks two follow up questions: one to calculate the force between objects with charges of +400 C and -200 C located 5 m apart, and another to calculate the distance between objects with charges of +500 C and -200 C that experience a 1014 N force.
1) An electric dipole is formed when two equal but opposite charges are separated by an infinitesimal distance. The dipole moment is defined as the product of the charge magnitude and the distance between them.
2) The electrostatic potential and electric field due to a dipole can be expressed in terms of the dipole moment. The potential and field decrease with increasing distance from the dipole.
3) A torque is experienced by a dipole when placed in an external electric field, with the torque being proportional to the cross product of the dipole moment and the electric field.
This document outlines the units and topics covered in a Basic Electrical Engineering course. The course is divided into 6 units: 1) Elementary Concepts, 2) Electromagnetism, 3) Single Phase Transformers, 4) AC Fundamentals, 5) Single Phase AC Circuits, and 6) DC Circuits. Each unit covers both theory and numerical problems. Key topics include insulation resistance, transformers, capacitors, alternating quantities, series and parallel RLC circuits, resonance, polyphase systems, Kirchhoff's laws, Thevenin's theorem, and network analysis. The instructor provides an overview of important concepts and example problems to study for each unit.
1) Four point charges placed at the corners of a square were given. The total electric potential at the center of the square was calculated to be 4.5 x 10^4 V.
2) The electric field and potential due to a point charge were given. Using these, the distance of the point from the charge and the magnitude of the charge were calculated.
3) An oil drop carrying a charge between the plates of a capacitor was given. The voltage required to balance the drop, given the mass and distance between plates, was calculated to be 9.19 V.
The document discusses several key concepts in electromagnetism including electric charge, Coulomb's law, and the superposition principle. It provides examples of how to calculate the electric force between two charges using Coulomb's law and how to find the net force on a charge from multiple other charges using the superposition principle. It also gives an example problem of using Newton's laws and electric forces to calculate the charge needed to balance the gravitational force on a hanging charged ball.
This document discusses Coulomb's law and some key concepts in electrostatics, including:
- Coulomb's law describes the electrostatic force between two point charges, being directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
- The electric field intensity and electric flux density are introduced.
- Properties of the electric field such as it being irrotational are examined.
- The electrostatic potential is defined and its relationship to the electric field is explored.
This document summarizes the first lecture of a course on quantum electronics. The lecture introduced foundational concepts of quantum heterostructures, including the particle in a box problem. It discussed how physics of semiconductors, material science, and band structure relate to solving this problem. It also defined homostructures and heterostructures, and classified different types of heterostructures like straddling, staggered, and broken-gap. The lecture covered analytical and numerical techniques for analyzing heterostructure band diagrams and boundary conditions, noting realistic structures require numerical approaches. It provided examples of quantum wells, wires, and dots as realistic quantum-confined structures.
This document is a lecture on the quantum Hall effect. It discusses how the resistance of a quantum well system becomes quantized under low temperature and high magnetic field conditions, known as the quantum Hall effect. It also provides calculations of the quantum Hall resistance, showing that it is constant and equal to h/q^2, where h is Planck's constant and q is the elementary charge. The significance is that the resistance remains constant as long as the Fermi level lies between localized states in the Landau bands formed under the magnetic field.
The document discusses electric forces and electric fields. It defines key concepts like electric charge, conductors, insulators, and Coulomb's law. It also describes how electric fields are created by charged objects and mapped using electric field lines. The electric field inside a conductor is discussed, with the field perpendicular to the surface at equilibrium.
This document discusses Gauss's law and related electromagnetic theory concepts taught in a course. It provides:
1) An overview of Gauss's law, which states that the total outward electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the total charge enclosed divided by the permittivity of the medium.
2) Derivations and proofs of Gauss's law using calculus theorems like divergence theorem.
3) Applications of Gauss's law to problems involving charge distributions and electric field calculations.
4) Discussions of related concepts like Gauss's law in polarized media, current continuity equation, relaxation time, and Poisson's equation.
5) Example problems demonstrating the application of these electromagnetic theory principles.
This document contains lecture notes on electrostatics and the application of Gauss' law from a course on electromagnetic theory taught by Arpan Deyasi. It defines line charge density, surface charge density, and volume charge density. It then uses Gauss' law to derive expressions for the electric field and potential due to different charge distributions, including line charges, surface charges on a ring and plane, and volume charges in a cylinder and sphere. Example problems are worked through applying Gauss' law to find electric fields and potentials for these various charge distributions.
This document contains lecture notes on electromagnetic theory from a course taught by Arpan Deyasi. It discusses the Biot-Savart law, which gives mathematical expressions for the magnetic field created by steady current-carrying wires and distributions of electric current. It also covers the Lorentz force law and how it relates to the combined electric and magnetic forces on a moving charged particle. Examples are presented on calculating magnetic fields and forces. The document concludes by deriving the solenoidal property of magnetic fields.
This document discusses the density of states (DoS) for bulk semiconductors. It begins by defining DoS as the number of available energy states per unit energy interval per unit dimension in real space. It then derives the DoS for bulk semiconductors using the Bloch theorem and shows that the DoS is proportional to the square root of energy. Finally, it defines the effective DoS, which accounts for occupancy based on the Fermi-Dirac distribution.
This workshop was conducted for participants of Hackathon event PV-COM organized by B.H.Gardi College of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot. The main objective was to show importance of the software approach to understand analytical part for effect of parametric effect on PV output.
Three blocks of different masses are connected by strings on an inclined plane at a 60 degree angle. A force is applied to the top block, causing the blocks to move upward. Using Newton's Second Law and adding the equations for each block, accounting for tensions in the strings and gravitational forces, the acceleration of the blocks is calculated to be 1.51 m/s^2.
This document contains lecture notes from a course on electromagnetic theory taught by Arpan Deyasi. It covers topics on magnetic scalar and vector potentials, including their definitions, properties, and applications to problems involving magnetic fields generated by currents. The notes provide the mathematical relationships between magnetic fields and potentials, and work through examples such as calculating the potentials for an infinite solenoid and current-carrying wire.
This document summarizes a simulation of two electrons in silicon under an externally applied potential. The simulation models the electron wavefunctions in two dimensions using a Schrodinger-Poisson solver. It calculates the quadrupole interaction between electrons through iterative calculations of the electron wavefunctions and their electrostatic interactions. Results show the quadrupole coupling increases with more prolate wavefunctions and is sufficient for use in quantum logic gates at realistic scales. Future work could provide more accurate results at higher resolution or extend the simulation to three dimensions.
This document contains 53 additional one-mark questions on electrostatics for 12th standard physics from Bharathidasanar Matric Higher Secondary School in Arakkonam. The questions cover topics like electric field, electric flux, capacitors, electric dipoles and more. Key answers are provided for self-study purposes.
Example an op amp circuit analysis lectureaman2395
This document discusses analyzing an op-amp circuit to determine the output voltage. It presents the circuit and walks through applying Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) along with device equations to set up 12 equations with 12 unknowns. It solves the equations step-by-step to arrive at the "right equation" of vout = 14/3vin - 2vin. Alternatively, the document shows the circuit can be analyzed using superposition to obtain the same output voltage equation.
This document summarizes a workshop on applications of derivatives in telecommunications engineering. It begins with introductions to derivatives, optimization of functions, and instantaneous rates of change. It then outlines objectives and theoretical foundations, discussing concepts like potential difference, Faraday's law, Lenz's law, and mutual inductance. Examples are given of derivatives in circuit analysis, electric current, power, and harmonic waves. The document provides two examples of using derivatives to find voltage and energy stored in an inductor. In summary, it examines the important role that calculus, and specifically derivatives, play in understanding and applying concepts in telecommunications.
This document provides an overview of Module 1 of General Physics 2 for Quarter 3. It includes the development team for the module and the key learning competencies, which cover describing charging by rubbing and induction, explaining electron transfer in charging by rubbing, and calculating electric force and field using Coulomb's law. The document then provides introductions to the basic concepts of electrostatics, including how bodies get charged through rubbing or induction. It also explains Coulomb's law and how to calculate electric force and field. Sample problems are provided as examples. Later sections discuss related topics like electric flux and Gauss's law, with more sample problems. A set of activities for students is also included.
chapter 21Electric charge and electric field.pdfssusercceaa8
The document discusses electric charge and the electric field. It defines electric charge as a fundamental property of matter that can be positive or negative. Benjamin Franklin established that positive charge is possessed by protons and negative charge by electrons. Charges of the same sign repel, while opposite charges attract. Coulomb's law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The electric field is defined as the electric force on a small test charge divided by that test charge. It is represented by field lines that indicate the direction and strength of the field.
This document provides information about an electrical engineering course taught by Associate Professor Mohammed A. S. Al-Mekhlafi at Sana'a University. The key details include:
- Class meets on Thursdays from 8:00-10:00 AM. The instructor is Assoc. Prof. Mohammed A. Saeed and the course assistant is Dr. Abdo.
- The course focuses on fundamentals of electrical circuit engineering, analysis of series and parallel circuits, basic laws and theorems for DC and AC systems.
- The objectives are to provide basic electrical engineering knowledge and train students to analyze simple electrical systems and circuits.
- The course outline covers topics like voltage, current
This document provides a summary of Lecture 2 on electrostatics. It introduces fundamental concepts such as electric charge, Coulomb's law, electric field, electric potential, and the relationship between electric field and electric potential. Continuous distributions of charge such as volume, surface, and line charges are also discussed. Key equations for calculating electric fields and potentials from these various charge distributions are presented.
This document contains 30 physics problems from an unsolved AIEEE past paper from 2009. The problems cover topics including electrostatics, mechanics, optics, thermodynamics, and circuits. For each problem, multiple choices for the answer are provided.
This document discusses Coulomb's law and some key concepts in electrostatics, including:
- Coulomb's law describes the electrostatic force between two point charges, being directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
- The electric field intensity and electric flux density are introduced.
- Properties of the electric field such as it being irrotational are examined.
- The electrostatic potential is defined and its relationship to the electric field is explored.
This document summarizes the first lecture of a course on quantum electronics. The lecture introduced foundational concepts of quantum heterostructures, including the particle in a box problem. It discussed how physics of semiconductors, material science, and band structure relate to solving this problem. It also defined homostructures and heterostructures, and classified different types of heterostructures like straddling, staggered, and broken-gap. The lecture covered analytical and numerical techniques for analyzing heterostructure band diagrams and boundary conditions, noting realistic structures require numerical approaches. It provided examples of quantum wells, wires, and dots as realistic quantum-confined structures.
This document is a lecture on the quantum Hall effect. It discusses how the resistance of a quantum well system becomes quantized under low temperature and high magnetic field conditions, known as the quantum Hall effect. It also provides calculations of the quantum Hall resistance, showing that it is constant and equal to h/q^2, where h is Planck's constant and q is the elementary charge. The significance is that the resistance remains constant as long as the Fermi level lies between localized states in the Landau bands formed under the magnetic field.
The document discusses electric forces and electric fields. It defines key concepts like electric charge, conductors, insulators, and Coulomb's law. It also describes how electric fields are created by charged objects and mapped using electric field lines. The electric field inside a conductor is discussed, with the field perpendicular to the surface at equilibrium.
This document discusses Gauss's law and related electromagnetic theory concepts taught in a course. It provides:
1) An overview of Gauss's law, which states that the total outward electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the total charge enclosed divided by the permittivity of the medium.
2) Derivations and proofs of Gauss's law using calculus theorems like divergence theorem.
3) Applications of Gauss's law to problems involving charge distributions and electric field calculations.
4) Discussions of related concepts like Gauss's law in polarized media, current continuity equation, relaxation time, and Poisson's equation.
5) Example problems demonstrating the application of these electromagnetic theory principles.
This document contains lecture notes on electrostatics and the application of Gauss' law from a course on electromagnetic theory taught by Arpan Deyasi. It defines line charge density, surface charge density, and volume charge density. It then uses Gauss' law to derive expressions for the electric field and potential due to different charge distributions, including line charges, surface charges on a ring and plane, and volume charges in a cylinder and sphere. Example problems are worked through applying Gauss' law to find electric fields and potentials for these various charge distributions.
This document contains lecture notes on electromagnetic theory from a course taught by Arpan Deyasi. It discusses the Biot-Savart law, which gives mathematical expressions for the magnetic field created by steady current-carrying wires and distributions of electric current. It also covers the Lorentz force law and how it relates to the combined electric and magnetic forces on a moving charged particle. Examples are presented on calculating magnetic fields and forces. The document concludes by deriving the solenoidal property of magnetic fields.
This document discusses the density of states (DoS) for bulk semiconductors. It begins by defining DoS as the number of available energy states per unit energy interval per unit dimension in real space. It then derives the DoS for bulk semiconductors using the Bloch theorem and shows that the DoS is proportional to the square root of energy. Finally, it defines the effective DoS, which accounts for occupancy based on the Fermi-Dirac distribution.
This workshop was conducted for participants of Hackathon event PV-COM organized by B.H.Gardi College of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot. The main objective was to show importance of the software approach to understand analytical part for effect of parametric effect on PV output.
Three blocks of different masses are connected by strings on an inclined plane at a 60 degree angle. A force is applied to the top block, causing the blocks to move upward. Using Newton's Second Law and adding the equations for each block, accounting for tensions in the strings and gravitational forces, the acceleration of the blocks is calculated to be 1.51 m/s^2.
This document contains lecture notes from a course on electromagnetic theory taught by Arpan Deyasi. It covers topics on magnetic scalar and vector potentials, including their definitions, properties, and applications to problems involving magnetic fields generated by currents. The notes provide the mathematical relationships between magnetic fields and potentials, and work through examples such as calculating the potentials for an infinite solenoid and current-carrying wire.
This document summarizes a simulation of two electrons in silicon under an externally applied potential. The simulation models the electron wavefunctions in two dimensions using a Schrodinger-Poisson solver. It calculates the quadrupole interaction between electrons through iterative calculations of the electron wavefunctions and their electrostatic interactions. Results show the quadrupole coupling increases with more prolate wavefunctions and is sufficient for use in quantum logic gates at realistic scales. Future work could provide more accurate results at higher resolution or extend the simulation to three dimensions.
This document contains 53 additional one-mark questions on electrostatics for 12th standard physics from Bharathidasanar Matric Higher Secondary School in Arakkonam. The questions cover topics like electric field, electric flux, capacitors, electric dipoles and more. Key answers are provided for self-study purposes.
Example an op amp circuit analysis lectureaman2395
This document discusses analyzing an op-amp circuit to determine the output voltage. It presents the circuit and walks through applying Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) along with device equations to set up 12 equations with 12 unknowns. It solves the equations step-by-step to arrive at the "right equation" of vout = 14/3vin - 2vin. Alternatively, the document shows the circuit can be analyzed using superposition to obtain the same output voltage equation.
This document summarizes a workshop on applications of derivatives in telecommunications engineering. It begins with introductions to derivatives, optimization of functions, and instantaneous rates of change. It then outlines objectives and theoretical foundations, discussing concepts like potential difference, Faraday's law, Lenz's law, and mutual inductance. Examples are given of derivatives in circuit analysis, electric current, power, and harmonic waves. The document provides two examples of using derivatives to find voltage and energy stored in an inductor. In summary, it examines the important role that calculus, and specifically derivatives, play in understanding and applying concepts in telecommunications.
This document provides an overview of Module 1 of General Physics 2 for Quarter 3. It includes the development team for the module and the key learning competencies, which cover describing charging by rubbing and induction, explaining electron transfer in charging by rubbing, and calculating electric force and field using Coulomb's law. The document then provides introductions to the basic concepts of electrostatics, including how bodies get charged through rubbing or induction. It also explains Coulomb's law and how to calculate electric force and field. Sample problems are provided as examples. Later sections discuss related topics like electric flux and Gauss's law, with more sample problems. A set of activities for students is also included.
chapter 21Electric charge and electric field.pdfssusercceaa8
The document discusses electric charge and the electric field. It defines electric charge as a fundamental property of matter that can be positive or negative. Benjamin Franklin established that positive charge is possessed by protons and negative charge by electrons. Charges of the same sign repel, while opposite charges attract. Coulomb's law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The electric field is defined as the electric force on a small test charge divided by that test charge. It is represented by field lines that indicate the direction and strength of the field.
This document provides information about an electrical engineering course taught by Associate Professor Mohammed A. S. Al-Mekhlafi at Sana'a University. The key details include:
- Class meets on Thursdays from 8:00-10:00 AM. The instructor is Assoc. Prof. Mohammed A. Saeed and the course assistant is Dr. Abdo.
- The course focuses on fundamentals of electrical circuit engineering, analysis of series and parallel circuits, basic laws and theorems for DC and AC systems.
- The objectives are to provide basic electrical engineering knowledge and train students to analyze simple electrical systems and circuits.
- The course outline covers topics like voltage, current
This document provides a summary of Lecture 2 on electrostatics. It introduces fundamental concepts such as electric charge, Coulomb's law, electric field, electric potential, and the relationship between electric field and electric potential. Continuous distributions of charge such as volume, surface, and line charges are also discussed. Key equations for calculating electric fields and potentials from these various charge distributions are presented.
This document contains 30 physics problems from an unsolved AIEEE past paper from 2009. The problems cover topics including electrostatics, mechanics, optics, thermodynamics, and circuits. For each problem, multiple choices for the answer are provided.
Electrical Charges and Coulomb's Law.pptxReymartSupleo
1) The document discusses electrical charges and Coulomb's law. It defines electric charge, the two types of charges (positive and negative), and how like charges repel and unlike charges attract based on Coulomb's law.
2) Coulomb's law gives the formula for the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges, defining it as directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
3) Several examples show how to calculate the electrostatic force between charges using Coulomb's law and solving for unknown distances or forces.
The document is a daily lesson log for a Grade 11 physics class. It summarizes the objectives, content, learning resources, and procedures for four class sessions on topics including LC circuits, electric charge, electric fields, and electromagnetic waves. The objectives are for students to understand concepts like inductance, capacitance, Coulomb's law, and properties of waves. Class activities include reviewing concepts, analyzing examples, group problem-solving, and quantitative discussions to reinforce understanding.
The document summarizes research on understanding charge transport in low dimensional semiconductor nanostructures embedded in an insulating matrix. Specifically, it examines current-voltage characteristics of germanium nanowire arrays in an alumina matrix as a function of temperature. Key findings include:
1) At room temperature, conduction follows Ohm's law at low voltages and Mott-Gurney's space charge limited current law at higher voltages.
2) With decreasing temperature, conduction transitions from a trap-free regime to an exponentially distributed trap regime.
3) Mobility decreases with decreasing temperature, and activation energy is extracted from an Arrhenius plot, found to be 85 meV at low temperatures and 301 meV
The document discusses various electrical concepts including Ohm's law, electric circuits, energy and power, electrostatics, electric charge, and electric fields. It provides examples and exercises demonstrating how to apply Ohm's law to calculate current, voltage, resistance, power, and other electrical properties. Key formulas are presented for charge, current, resistance, power, energy, electric field strength, electric flux, and permittivity.
10th standard science chapter Tamil Nadu state board syllabus - chapter 12.
This is just a part 1 of current electricity chapter.
The next parts are available here, just check it out and learn Electricity.
The document provides an overview of the Network Theory syllabus for the 2020-21 academic year. It discusses the course details including credits, contact hours, assessments, pre-requisites and outcomes. The syllabus covers topics such as basic circuit concepts, network theorems, resonant circuits, transient behavior, Laplace transforms, and two-port networks. It also introduces some basic concepts of network theory including different electrical elements, circuit analysis techniques, and passive elements like resistors, capacitors, and inductors.
witter is a microblogging and social networking service owned by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets". Registered users can post, like, and retweet tweets, while unregistered users only have a limited ability to read public tweets. Users interact with Twitter through browser or mobile frontend software, or programmatically via its APIs. Prior to April 2020, services were accessible via SMS.[9] Tweets were originally restricted to 140 characters, but the limit was doubled to 280 for non-CJK languages in November 2017.[10] Audio and video tweets remain limited to 140 seconds for most accounts.
Twitter was created by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams in March 2006 and launched in July of that year. Twitter, Inc. is based in San Francisco, California and has more than 25 offices around the world.[11] By 2012, more than 100 million users posted 340 million tweets a day,[12] and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day.[13][14][15] In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has been described as "the SMS of the Internet".[16] By the start of 2019, Twitter had more than 330 million monthly active users.[17] In practice, the vast majority of tweets are written by a minority of users.[18][19]
On April 25, 2022, the Twitter board of directors agreed to a $44 billion buyout by Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, potentially making it one of the biggest deals to turn a company private.[20][21] Musk said on July 8, 2022, that he was terminating the deal, claiming that the social media company had failed to provide information about fake accounts on the platform.[22] Twitter board chair Bret Taylor subsequently pledged to pursue legal action against Musk, launching a lawsuit against him in the Chancery Court of Delaware on July 12.[23] In early October, 2022, Musk reversed his position, again -- saying he would go ahead with the deal at the originally agreed $44 billion price.witter is a microblogging and social networking service owned by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets". Registered users can post, like, and retweet tweets, while unregistered users only have a limited ability to read public tweets. Users interact with Twitter through browser or mobile frontend software, or programmatically via its APIs. Prior to April 2020, services were accessible via SMS.[9] Tweets were originally restricted to 140 characters, but the limit was doubled to 280 for non-CJK languages in November 2017.[10] Audio and video tweets remain limited to 140 seconds for most awitter is a microblogging and social networking service owned by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets". Registered users can post, like, and retweet tweets, while unregistered users only have a lim
The document provides instructions for viewing a presentation in slideshow mode using a computer. It explains how to advance slides, access resources and lessons from the menu, and exit the slideshow. The table of contents lists the sections and objectives covered in an electric forces and fields chapter.
Design of Isolated DC Solar Powered Microgrid with Storage SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed design for an isolated DC solar powered microgrid with battery energy storage. The microgrid would use a photovoltaic system and lithium-ion battery energy storage system to provide renewable energy. The photovoltaic system would use a boost converter with maximum power point tracking to control the variable output power from the solar panels. The battery energy storage system would use lithium-ion batteries controlled by a buck-boost converter with a PID controller. The document discusses modeling the photovoltaic system and battery storage system components to design and optimize the microgrid system.
This document describes an experiment on RC circuits. The objectives are to obtain the charging and discharging curves of a capacitor using a simulator and to determine the capacitance C of the electrolytic capacitor. The theoretical framework describes the RC circuit and the equations that characterize the voltage over time for the resistor and capacitor. The procedure involves using a simulator to set up an RC circuit and record voltage values over time for charging and discharging. The results are tables of voltage vs. time data and graphs of the theoretical and experimental curves. It is determined that the maximum experimental voltage does not reach the theoretical voltage due to small errors in measurement.
Sinusoidal Response of RC & RL CircuitsSachin Mehta
This document describes an experiment on analyzing the sinusoidal responses of RC and RL circuits. RC and RL circuits were constructed using a breadboard, resistors, capacitors, inductors, function generator, oscilloscope and multimeter. Experimental measurements of output voltage, phase shift, and resistor current were taken at various frequencies and compared to theoretical calculations. The results showed close agreement between measured and calculated output voltages, but more discrepancy for RMS voltages, possibly due to experimental or calculation errors.
This document is a report on the applications of derivatives in the career of Electronic and Automation Engineering. It contains an introduction explaining how derivatives are useful for measuring rates of change in electrical situations. It then lists the objectives of introducing derivatives and their graphical interpretation. The theoretical foundations section discusses how derivatives indicate instantaneous rates of change and how slope represents rate of change. The development section contains 4 exercises applying derivatives to calculate current, resistance, voltage and inductance in various electric circuits. It concludes that derivatives are important tools in electrical research and many other fields.
This experiment aimed to study the current-voltage characteristics and power curve of a solar panel to determine the maximum power point (MPP) and efficiency. Observations of voltage, current, power, and resistance at increasing resistances were recorded. Graphs of voltage vs current and power vs voltage were plotted, showing the MPP. Calculations determined the fill factor was 0.55 and efficiency was 0.72. Applications of solar cells include rural electrification, ocean navigation aids, telecommunications, and electrical connections in modules.
This document contains the solutions to 4 problems presented as part of an Electrical Engineering course. It includes circuit diagrams and calculations to verify theorems related to Norton's theorem, maximum power transfer theorem, phase difference between voltage and current in an AC circuit with an inductor, and calculating the active power consumption of a home based on its electrical layout and appliances. Calculations are shown in detail and also validated using circuit simulation software.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
Taller 2 parcial_2_nrc_4389
1. DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS
CALCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL
PARCIAL II –
TALLER NRO. 2
TEMA
APLICACIONES DE LA DERIVADA EN LA CARRERA
DE TELECOMUNICACIONES
2. Grupo Nro.: 9
Nombres:
• Espinoza Herrera Ismael Fernando
• Garcia Barreto Mayerly Prissilla
• Tumbaco Ibadango Leslie Sofia
NRC: 4389
Fecha: viernes 12 de febrero 2021
Periodo: noviembre 2020 - abril 2021
4. Tema
• Aplicaciones de la derivada en la carrera de telecomunicaciones
1. Introducción
• En la ingeniería en telecomunicaciones, las derivadas son de gran importancia porque
ayudan a identificar en qué punto existió una razón de cambio en un determinado tiempo
más aun sabiendo que las aplicaciones dentro de las ingenierías son diversas. En este taller
mediante la resolución de 2 ejercicios y los conocimientos previos adquiridos en clases se
podrá comprobar la importancia de las derivadas dentro de la carrera de telecomunicaciones.
5. 2. Objetivos
Objetivo general
• Comprobar la importancia de la derivada en las telecomunicaciones
Objetivos específicos
• Desarrollar marco teórico
• Demostrar que en la ingeniería es indispensable el uso de las derivadas
6. 3. Fundamentación teórica
• Derivada
• La derivada es la razón de cambio de una función con respecto a una variable. Según (Encyclopaedia
Britannica, 2021) “En las derivadas se observan sistemas cambiantes para obtener una razón de cambio de
alguna variable de interés incorporándola el resultado obtenido en la ecuación diferencial usando técnicas de
integración para obtener una función que pueda usarse para predecir el comportamiento del original”. Es así
como a la derivada también se le puede definir como la pendiente de la recta tangente
• 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚 (𝑥 − 𝑥1)
•
• 𝑚 =
𝑦− 𝑦1
𝑥− 𝑥1
7. Carga eléctrica – intensidad de corriente
• Una carga eléctrica, Q es la cantidad de electricidad positiva o negativa dependiendo de si hay un exceso o
una deficiencia de electrones. Hace que se produzca una fuerza cuando está cerca de otra materia cargada
eléctricamente. Las cargas indicadas se repelen, pero las cargas opuestas se atraen. Una corriente eléctrica, I, es
un flujo de carga eléctrica.
Corriente eléctrica – Energía solar
• Una corriente eléctrica es un movimiento ordenado de cargas libres, normalmente de electrones, a través de
un material conducto en un circuito eléctrico.
• La energía solar es una energía renovable obtenida a partir de la radiación electromagnética del Sol. Se
puede captar a través de células fotoeléctricas (que conforman los paneles fotovoltaicos que todos conocemos),
heliostatos o colectores solares, que posteriormente la transforman en energía solar térmica (a través de la
temperatura) o energía solar fotovoltaica (a través de la luz).
8. 4. Desarrollo
La intensidad de corriente que ha pasado mediante una superficie para cada valor t entre 0 y 20s es 𝑖´(𝑡) = 6𝑡6
− 12𝑡4
. La
carga que había atravesado la superficie hasta t=0 es -6 C. Encontrar la función q(t) y la carga que ha atravesado la superficie en
t=6 s.
2. Derivada
𝑞 𝑡 =
6𝑡7
7
−
12𝑡5
5
− 6
𝑞 6 =
6(6)7
7
−
12(6)5
5
− 6
𝑞 6 =
6 (279936)
7
−
12(7776)
5
− 6
𝑞 6 =
3359232
7
−
93312
5
− 6
𝑞 6 = 479890,29 − 18662,4 − 7
𝑞 6 = 461221 𝐾𝑐
𝑞 𝑡 = න 𝑖 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
1. Integral indefinida
න 6𝑡6 − 12𝑡4 𝑑𝑡
𝐼 =
6𝑡7
7
−
12𝑡5
5
+ 𝐶
𝑞 0 = −6
𝐶 = −6
9. • La carga de energía solar total que entra a un panel solar está determinada por 𝑀 = 8𝑡 sin 2𝜋𝑡 Τ
𝑚𝐶
𝑠. Calcular la corriente
eléctrica en 𝑡 = 1,5𝑠
1. Solución del problema
𝑖 =
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
8𝑡 sin 2𝜋𝑡 ൗ
𝑚𝐶
𝑠
𝑖 = 8𝑡
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
sin 2𝜋𝑡 + sin 2𝜋𝑡
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
8𝑡 𝑚𝐴
𝑖
= 8𝑡 cos 2𝜋𝑡 ∙
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
2𝜋𝑡 + 8 sin 2𝜋𝑡 𝑚𝐴
𝑖 = 16𝜋𝑡 cos 2𝜋𝑡 + 8 sin 2𝜋𝑡 𝑚𝐴
2. Sustituimos t en la ecuación obtenida
𝑖 = (
)
16𝜋𝑡 cos 2𝜋𝑡 +
8 sin 2𝜋𝑡 𝑚𝐴 ; 𝑡 = 1,5𝑠 =
3
2
𝑠
𝑖 =
48
2
𝜋 cos
6
2
𝜋 + 8 sin
6
2
𝜋 𝑚𝐴
𝑖 = 24𝜋 cos 3𝜋 + 8 sin 3𝜋 𝑚𝐴
𝑖 = 24𝜋 1 + 8 0.15 𝑚𝐴
𝑖 = 76,60 𝑚𝐴
Ecuación que se va a utilizar para resolver el
problema
𝑖 =
𝑑𝑀
𝑑𝑡
Donde:
M = carga transferida (coulombs)
i = intensidad de corriente (amperios)
t = tiempo transcurrido
10. 5. Conclusiones
• En el ejercicio 1 al hallar la derivada en el punto q(6) se pudo observar que en t=6 tendrá un valor de
461221 𝐾𝑐 siendo así la carga que ha atravesó la intensidad de corriente en dicha función
• En el ejercicio 2 la derivada de i y sustituyendo t = 1,5s en la expresión obtenida se puede concluir que la
corriente eléctrica total que entra en el panel solar es igual a 76,60 mA
• Se comprobó mediante el desarrollo de ejercicios y el marco teórico la importancia de las derivadas en las
telecomunicaciones en la intensidad de corriente y la carga solar puesto que nos ayuda saber el cambio que
tuvo en determinado intervalo de tiempo y ayuda también a conocer la función derivada de otra función
siendo así indispensable dentro de las ingenierías.
11. 6. Bibliografía
•Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2021). Britannica. Obtenido de Derivative:
https://www.britannica.com/science/derivative-mathematics
•Factorenergia (2020)
https://www.factorenergia.com/es/blog/autoconsumo/energia-solar/
•EDU Xunta (2020)
https://www.edu.xunta.gal/espazoAbalar/sites/espazoAbalar/files/datos/1464947843/con
tido/12_la_corriente_elctrica.html