Forensic Sciences (DNA Fingerprinting) STR Typing - Case Reportnarmeenarshad
Identification of Human Remains by DNA Analysis of the gastrointestinal contents of Fly Larvae
A case Report that has been explained in form of presentation.
Two approaches (clone by clone & whole genome shotgun).
Types of DNA sequencing ( 1st, next and 3rd).
Crop genomes sequenced . (Example :Arabidopsis,Rice, Pigeon pea)
Interpretation of dna typing results and codis Neha Agarwal
An STR genotype is the allele, in the case of a homozygote, or alleles, in the
case of a heterozygote, present in a sample for a particular locus and is normally
reported as the number of repeats present in the allele. A full sample genotype
or STR profi le is produced by the combination of all of the locus genotypes into
a single series of numbers. This profi le is what is entered into a case report or
a DNA database for comparison purposes to other samples.
Forensic Sciences (DNA Fingerprinting) STR Typing - Case Reportnarmeenarshad
Identification of Human Remains by DNA Analysis of the gastrointestinal contents of Fly Larvae
A case Report that has been explained in form of presentation.
Two approaches (clone by clone & whole genome shotgun).
Types of DNA sequencing ( 1st, next and 3rd).
Crop genomes sequenced . (Example :Arabidopsis,Rice, Pigeon pea)
Interpretation of dna typing results and codis Neha Agarwal
An STR genotype is the allele, in the case of a homozygote, or alleles, in the
case of a heterozygote, present in a sample for a particular locus and is normally
reported as the number of repeats present in the allele. A full sample genotype
or STR profi le is produced by the combination of all of the locus genotypes into
a single series of numbers. This profi le is what is entered into a case report or
a DNA database for comparison purposes to other samples.
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 2.3- Introduction to NGS Variant Calling Analysis.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
this section helps students how to quanify the isolated DNA by spectrophotometer. specially life life science fields such as biotechnology, biology, and medical laboratory
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 4.1- Introduction to RNA-seq and RNA-seq Data Analysis.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
Chapter 4 – Physical Evidence
Class Characteristics
When the characteristics of physical evidence are common to a group of objects or
persons, they may be termed class. Regardless of how thoroughly examined, such
evidence can be placed only into a broad category; an individual identification
cannot be made because there is a possibility of more than one source for the
evidence.
Individual Characteristics
Evidence with individual characteristics can be identified as originating with a
particular person or source.
Soil is the natural accumulation of earth materials, such as weathering rocks,
minerals, and decomposing plants, along with pollen.minerals, and decomposing plants, along with pollen.
1. Soil examinations can determine whether soils share a common
origin by comparing color, texture, and composition.
2. Although it is class characteristic evidence, the analysis of soil
evidence can help focus investigations and discredit alibis.
3. The pollen in soil or on plants and grass can also be very
significant in determining whether or not a suspect was at the scene.
Locating and Handling Soil Evidence
Soil evidence may be important when the suspect drives or walks on unpaved
areas, so that it is picked up by tire treads or the bottom of shoes and cuffs of
the pants. It may also be recovered in a number of other places, such as the
floor board of the subject's car or on articles in the trunk of his vehicle,
including shovels and blankets.
Preserving Shoe/Footwear Prints
Footwear prints may, or may not be readily visible. If they are not immediately
apparent, turn the lights off and search for them using a flashlight.
Comparing Shoe Print Evidence
SICAR is a software package which classifies, archives, and identifies shoe prints.
Preserving Footwear Impressions
As in the case with footwear prints, the location of footwear impressions should be
photographed as part of the general scene and then with a scale.
Preserving Shoe Impressions in Snow
Dental stone is also the preferred material for casting impressions in snow,
replacing the more difficult and time consuming process of using sulfur, which has to
be heated.
Photographs of footwear impressions at a crime scene
In the first photo only the impressions are shown
In a subsequent photo a ruler will be added to show sizes
Later casts will be made of the impressions
GLASS
Glass is important as physical evidence because of the frequency with which it is
encountered.
A. It is essential that the crime scene technician and investigator
understand the ways in which glass reacts to force.
B. Handling Glass Evidence
Tape should not be used to collect glass evidence and any processing for latent
prints is ordinarily done in the laboratory.
An important question often associated with motor vehicle accidents and hit-
and-run cases involves whether or not the lights of a suspect vehicle were and-run cases involves wheth.
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 2.3- Introduction to NGS Variant Calling Analysis.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
this section helps students how to quanify the isolated DNA by spectrophotometer. specially life life science fields such as biotechnology, biology, and medical laboratory
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 4.1- Introduction to RNA-seq and RNA-seq Data Analysis.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
Chapter 4 – Physical Evidence
Class Characteristics
When the characteristics of physical evidence are common to a group of objects or
persons, they may be termed class. Regardless of how thoroughly examined, such
evidence can be placed only into a broad category; an individual identification
cannot be made because there is a possibility of more than one source for the
evidence.
Individual Characteristics
Evidence with individual characteristics can be identified as originating with a
particular person or source.
Soil is the natural accumulation of earth materials, such as weathering rocks,
minerals, and decomposing plants, along with pollen.minerals, and decomposing plants, along with pollen.
1. Soil examinations can determine whether soils share a common
origin by comparing color, texture, and composition.
2. Although it is class characteristic evidence, the analysis of soil
evidence can help focus investigations and discredit alibis.
3. The pollen in soil or on plants and grass can also be very
significant in determining whether or not a suspect was at the scene.
Locating and Handling Soil Evidence
Soil evidence may be important when the suspect drives or walks on unpaved
areas, so that it is picked up by tire treads or the bottom of shoes and cuffs of
the pants. It may also be recovered in a number of other places, such as the
floor board of the subject's car or on articles in the trunk of his vehicle,
including shovels and blankets.
Preserving Shoe/Footwear Prints
Footwear prints may, or may not be readily visible. If they are not immediately
apparent, turn the lights off and search for them using a flashlight.
Comparing Shoe Print Evidence
SICAR is a software package which classifies, archives, and identifies shoe prints.
Preserving Footwear Impressions
As in the case with footwear prints, the location of footwear impressions should be
photographed as part of the general scene and then with a scale.
Preserving Shoe Impressions in Snow
Dental stone is also the preferred material for casting impressions in snow,
replacing the more difficult and time consuming process of using sulfur, which has to
be heated.
Photographs of footwear impressions at a crime scene
In the first photo only the impressions are shown
In a subsequent photo a ruler will be added to show sizes
Later casts will be made of the impressions
GLASS
Glass is important as physical evidence because of the frequency with which it is
encountered.
A. It is essential that the crime scene technician and investigator
understand the ways in which glass reacts to force.
B. Handling Glass Evidence
Tape should not be used to collect glass evidence and any processing for latent
prints is ordinarily done in the laboratory.
An important question often associated with motor vehicle accidents and hit-
and-run cases involves whether or not the lights of a suspect vehicle were and-run cases involves wheth.
A review of human skin detection applications based on image processingjournalBEEI
In computer science, virtual image processing is the use of a digital computer to manipulate digital images through an algorithm for many applications. To begin with a new research topic, the must trend application that gets many requests to develop should know. Therefore, many applications based on human skin and human life are reviewed in this article, such as detection, classification, blocking, cryptography, identification, localization, steganography, segmentation, tracking, and recognition. In this article, the published articles with the topic of human skin-based image processing are investigated. The international publishers, such as Springer, IEEE, arXiv, and Elsevier are selected. The searching is implemented with the duration criteria of 2015-2019. It noted that human skin detection and recognition are the most repetitive articles with 43% and 28.5%, respectively of the total number of the investigated articles. The usage of human skin models is being widely used in the image processing of various applications.
Touch is one of the most common forms of sign language used in oral communication. It is most commonly used by deaf and dumb people who have difficulty hearing or speaking. Communication between them or ordinary people. Various sign-language programs have been developed by many manufacturers around the world, but they are relatively flexible and affordable for end users. Therefore, this paper has presented software that introduces a type of system that can automatically detect sign language to help deaf and mute people communicate better with other people or ordinary people. Pattern recognition and hand recognition are developing fields of research. Being an integral part of meaningless hand-to-hand communication plays a major role in our daily lives. The handwriting system gives us a new, natural, easy-to-use communication system with a computer that is very common to humans. Considering the similarity of the human condition with four fingers and one thumb, the software aims to introduce a real-time hand recognition system based on the acquisition of some of the structural features such as position, mass centroid, finger position, thumb instead of raised or folded finger.
Many person-verification systems are critical in security systems for verifying passage through doors opened to specific people using various
techniques. People can use electronic payment methods and security apps to generate codes for quick, remote financial transactions. Older systems required precision and speed. Many alternative methods were developed by
technology and artificial intelligence to make such operations simple and
quick. The identification of tongue prints is discussed in this paper. Tongue prints, like fingerprints, are unique to each individual. The tongue was used
in this study because it is unique among such organs. The tongue is protected by the lips. This guards against taking a tongue print by force. Some people distort their fingerprints, making fingerprint recognition systems unable to recognize them. Car accidents cause facial distortion, which distorts the
system and prevents it from distinguishing facial prints, so the tongue was used as a fingerprint in this study. A database of 1,104 images for 138 Mustansiriyah University College of Science students yielded an average of eight images per individual. VGG16 was implemented for transfer learning and fine-tuning. In comparison to previous studies, the accuracy achieved
was more than 91%.
Introduction to Nanotechnology and Its Applications in Forensic Investigation...ijtsrd
Nanotechnology is the growing field of scientific research and technology. Nanotechnology has vast applications specially in the field of forensic science. It helps in diagnosing and examining samples at the nano scale level that was earlier difficult due to detection limits of instruments. Nanotechnology has already shown immense potential in many fields of research like medicine, molecular biology, genetics, material science and it also has a promising potential even in the fields of forensic science. This area of research has its own significant interest as the advances in the field of nanotechnology are being incorporated in the field of forensic science. For revealing the secrets of forensic science, nanotechnology is being used quite extensively. In forensic nanotechnology minute chip materials are used instead of bulky instruments which reduces the steps of methods of analysis to make investigation purpose accurate, precise and less time consuming.. An important advantage of using nanotechnology in the field of forensic science is that it reveals the hidden evidences, which can prove to be helpful for the forensic scientists to give an outcome to their investigation. This review aims to discuss role of nanotechnology in forensic analysis and detection of crime scene. Savita Sharma "Introduction to Nanotechnology & Its Applications in Forensic Investigation & Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38149.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/38149/introduction-to-nanotechnology-and-its-applications-in-forensic-investigation-and-analysis/savita-sharma
This is a Fingerprint based class attendance system in higher institutions, The implementation take attendance of student in a class and give output of student eligibility status at the end of the semester or term
Abstract
An examination experiment has been carried out to investigate whether fingerprint powder and lifting technique can recover and transfer latent fingerprints from human skin surfaces of dead bodies. For recovery Swedish Black powder and for transfer White Fingerprint Gelatine were used.
Donors placed fingerprints on the human skin surfaces. Finger marks were then in all cases recovered with Swedish Black powder. The procedure was repeated after 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours. Treated finger marks were secured and preserved as latent fingerprint evidence by lifting process. We recovered 8% finger marks suitable for further examination of all deposited samples on the human skin surfaces.
Secured Employee Attendance Management System Using FingerprintIOSR Journals
In this paper an effective employee attendance management system using fingerprint is introduced.
It is used to managed the attendance of employees in any organization. All organizations and institutions are
established to achieve specific objectives or goals. The identification and authentication of employee is very
necessary for achieving any objective or goal. To identify and authenticate the identity of an individual
employee by their names, ID numbers and signatures only are not enough, because any one can misuse other's
identity and this type of problem occur very often. Fingerprint can be applied for recognizing any person,
because human fingerprints are unique to each person and can be regarded as some sort of signature, certifying
the person's identity. This method of employee identification and authentication will improve the attendance of
employees thereby improving security, productivity and skill which will in turn improve the progress of
organizations.
As technology infiltrates every aspect of our lives its no wonder solving crimes has become futuristic in its advances.
The benefits of real-time on-site forensic investigations are manifold and such technology has the potential to strongly increase the speed and efficacy of the criminal justice system.
IRJET-A System for Recognition of Indian Sign Language for Deaf People using ...IRJET Journal
Manisha D.Raut, Pallavi Dhok, Ketan Machhale, Jaspreet Manjeet Hora "A System for Recognition of Indian Sign Language for Deaf People using Otsu’s Algorithm", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume2,issue-01 April 2015.e-ISSN:2395-0056, p-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net
Abstract
Sign Language Recognition System is one of the important researches today in engineering field. Number of methods are been developed recently in the field of Sign Language Recognition for deaf and dumb people. It is very useful to the deaf and dumb people to convey their message to other people. In this paper we proposed some methods, through which the recognition of the signs becomes easy for peoples while communication. We use the different symbols of signs to convey the meanings. And the result of those symbols signs will be converted into the text. In this project, we are capturing hand gestures through webcam and convert this image into gray scale image. The segmentation of gray scale image of a hand gesture is performed using Otsu thresholding algorithm.. Total image level is divided into two classes one is hand and other is background. The optimal threshold value is determined by computing the ratio between class variance and total class variance. To find the boundary of hand gesture in image Canny edge detection technique is used.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Cambridge International AS A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
Swot Analysis in Methods of Developing Latent Prints
1.
2. A. Appreciate the uniqueness of fingerprint as a means of
personal identification.
B. To identify the strengths, weakness, opportunities and
possible threats of the methods in developing latent
prints.
C. To adopt the different methods discussed in a classroom
instruction and doing laboratory works in fingerprint
courses.
3. A vital key to solving many crimes is the identification of latent
friction skin from evidence collected at the scene. Unique to every
individual in the world, as well as permanence in the arrangement, this
friction skin is located on fingertips, fingers, palms as well as the feet
of humans. Formed when the person’s natural oils and sweat are
deposited onto another surface, latent prints can be located on a
broad range of surfaces.
Since latent prints are not visible to the naked eye, and
substantially consist of only the natural secretions from human skin.
Such print requires treatment to cause them become visible. This
treatment is called latent print development. There are several
methods of developing latent print depending on the surface to be
applied such as: (a) Powder Method, (b) Chemical Methods,
(c) Vapor Methods.
4. Developed latent prints
in the crime scene will be
used to match of that in
a suspected criminal
offender.
Latent fingerprint identification is of
critical importance to law enforcement
agencies in apprehending criminals.
Considering the huge size of fingerprint
databases maintained by law
enforcement agencies, exhaustive one-to-
one matching is impractical and a
database filtering technique is necessary
to reduce the search space. A multi- stage
filtering system is proposed, which
utilizes pattern type, singular points and
orientation field. (Feng 2008)
5. Impressions left in the
crime scene adheres to
the surface where
glands are deposited
making it hard to
develop.
Latent fingerprint deposition and
effectiveness of detection are
strongly affected by the surface on
which prints are deposited.
Material properties, surface
roughness, morphology, chemistry
and hydrophobicity can affect the
usefulness or efficacy of forensic
print development tecniques.
(Jones 2010)
6. Fingerprints developed can directly
be compared to that of the perpetrator
thru the Automated Fingerprint
Identification System (AFIS).
Provides innovation in processing latent
fingerprints.
Fifty- six (56) adjudicated, property
crime cases involving fingerprint
evidence were reviewed using a case-
specific AFIS database tool.
The AFIS tools helped to identify 7
additional latent prints that were not
reported by the initial fingerprint
expert. (Langenburg 2015)
An automatic fingerprint system includes
an optical sensor having a first light
source that provides a collimated beam
for interrogating a first sample surface,
and a camera including a lens and a
photodetector array having a camera field
of view large enough to image the first
sample surface. (Miesak 2013)
7. Accuracy and reliability
of developed latent
prints used as an
evidence relies on the
expertise of the
fingerprint technician.
The interpretation of forensic fingerprint
evidence relies on the expertise of latent
print examiners. The National Research
Council of the National Academies and
the legal and forensic sciences
communities have called for research to
measure the accuracy and reliability of
latent print examiners’ decisions, a
challenging ang complex problem in
need of systematic analysis. (Ulery 2011)
8. While finding, processing, collecting, analyzing and
identifying latent prints is not the only way to catch an offender,
it is one of the oldest and most effective. As modern science has
advanced the field of latent processing, so has the other aspect of
forensic sciences in the ability to prove an individual’s identity.
From eye retina scans, voice fingerprints, ear scans, and DNA are
all now providing methods of a person’s identity. Forensics is
not for just the lab scientist or forensic expert and latent
development anymore, as the technology becomes cheaper and
easier to use, more and more methods of identification will be
developed to speed up and make a daily life easier.
9. A forensic investigator/ fingerprint technician should
practice the different methods continually to obtain
successful results.
Explore on possible innovations on the field of
developing latent prints.
Always have an open and positive mindset as well as
understand the methods and order which they must
be used.
10. Montalba, E. (2010). Means of Personal Identification. Quezon City
Philippines: Wiseman’s Book Trading, Inc.
Yamashita, B., & French, M. (2011). Latent Print Development. Chapter 7
Ulery, B. T. et al. (2011). Accuracy and reliability of forensic latent fingerprint
decisions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Jones, B. J., & Downham, R. (2010). Effect of substrate surface topography on
forensic development of latent fingerprint with iron oxide powder
suspension. Surface and Interface Analysis: An International Journal
devoted to the development and application of techniques for the analysis
of surfaces, interfaces and thin films volume 42.
Feng, J., & Jain, A. K. (2008). Filtering large fingerprint database for latent
matching. 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.
Miesak, E. & Gold Jr, E. V. (2013). Latent fingerprint detectors and
fingerprint scanners therefrom. US Patent.
Langenburg, G., Hall, C. & Rosemarie, Q. (2015). Utilizing AFIS searching
tools to reduce errors in fingerprint casework. Forensic Science
International.