The document discusses SWOT analysis, a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to a project. It involves specifying the project objective and identifying internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieving that objective. The SWOT analysis grid is used to record strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Conducting a SWOT analysis provides new ideas to leverage strengths and defend against threats, and allows an organization to prepare response plans for political and environmental threats. However, disadvantages include that it may lead organizations to list factors rather than critically think about objectives, and lists are presented uncritically without prioritization.

1. SWOT Analysis
By Duncan Haughey, PMP
SWOT is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to a
project. It involves specifying the objective of the project
and identifying the internal and external factors that are
favourable and unfavourable to achieving that objective.
The strengths and weaknesses usually arise from within
an organisation, and the opportunities and threats from
external sources.
The SWOT analysis is an important part of the project
planning process:
Strengths: attributes of the organisation that help achieve the project objective.
Weaknesses: attributes of the organisation that stop achievement of the project
objective.
Opportunities: external conditions that help achieve the project objective.
Threats: external conditions that could damage the project.
Use the following grid to record each factor:
State Project Objective:
Strengths (internal factors) Weaknesses (internal factors)
Track record (similar successes) Gaps in knowledge and
expertise
Resource availability Timescale and deadlines
Skill levels Budget and funding
Processes and systems Competing projects
Reputation Processes and systems
Opportunities (external factors) Threats (external factors)
Technology and infrastructure
development
Political influences
Changing consumer behaviour Environmental factors
Emerging and developing markets Competitor activity
New innovations (R&D) Economy
Market demand Seasonal effects
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2. With a SWOT analysis it is useful to ask these questions:
How can we use our strengths?
How can we address each weakness?
How can we exploit each opportunity?
How can we guard against each threat?
Advantages of SWOT
Simple and only costs time to do.
Produces new ideas to help take advantage of an organisation's strengths and
defends against threats.
Awareness of political and environmental threats allows an organisation to have
response plans prepared.
Disadvantages of SWOT
May persuade organisations to compile lists rather than think about what is
important in achieving objectives.
Presents lists uncritically and without clear prioritisation so, for example, weak
opportunities may appear to balance strong threats.
Usually a simple list and not critically presented.
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