Swim ppt ch04
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The document discusses the importance of the three As - attention, approval, and attunement - as tools for promoting positive environments and relationships between caregivers and children. It explores the debate around attachment and the roles of caregivers in child development. Secure attachment is important for healthy development and can be achieved through supportive and sensitive caregiving using the three As. Getting down to a child's level and responding to their cues helps create an "interactional dance" and builds attunement.
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This document discusses facilitating speech, language, and communication skills. It covers defining these concepts, language acquisition, sequences in language development, alternative language systems, creating a naturalistic language environment, dealing with speech irregularities, and considerations for bilingualism and English as a second language. The key points are that communication involves the exchange of thoughts through verbal and nonverbal means, language acquisition is influenced both by innate and environmental factors, and teachers should arrange the language learning environment to encourage children's natural development of these skills.
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- 1. Chapter 4 The Three As: The Master Tools for Quality Care and Education ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 2. The 3 As: Attention, Approval, and Attunement as Tools • Master tools for promoting a positive environment and maintaining a positive emotional connection – Attention – Approval – Attunement ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 3. The Attachment Debate and the Roles of Caregivers • Infants and toddlers require secure attachments to their caregivers for normal, healthy development • A controversy: – Old view: Only the mother could sufficiently bond with the infant – New view: Non-familial persons (caregivers) can meet the needs of the infants equally well – Question: What quality of attachment to consistent caregiver(s) does an infant require? ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 4. The Attachment Debate and the Roles of Caregivers • Attachment Patterns – Secure attachment – Avoidant attachment – Resistant attachment – Disoriented attachment • Separation Anxiety is part of normal developmental experience ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 5. The Attachment Debate and the Roles of Caregivers • Infants are normally capable of attaching securely to more than one adult • Caregiving that is supportive and sensitive using the 3 As promotes secure attachment • Reciprocal relationships or partnerships with families will assist in secure attachment • Primary caregiving, family grouping, and continuity of care promote secure attachment in child care settings ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 6. Understanding the Three As • Attention – Focused attention to observe the behavior, skills and needs of children in your care – Observing closely = attention – Identification of the Zone of Proximal Development – Teachers must be culturally sensitive and responsive to the ways families raise children – In general, what we attend to matters ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 7. Understanding the Three As • Approval – The best type of attention is approval – Show respect for the child by allowing children time to complete tasks and help them make choices – Reggio Emilia concept of rights of children reflects a child who is rich in resources, strong and confident – Genuine approval serves as encouragement ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 8. Understanding the Three As • Attunement –Being aware and responsive, “in tune” –Being attuned is not instinctual for all persons –Includes observing and recording child behavior –Reading and responding to children’s cues creates an “interactional dance” ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 9. Using the Three As Successfully with Infants and Toddlers • Get down to a child’s level • Act calmly, move slowly, make eye contact, engage with soft speech • Reflect upon how you use the 3 As • Positive energy and smiles are shared ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 10. Spotlight on Research • Infant Persistence – Persistence was associated with greater levels of cognitive development (BanerJee and Tami- LeMonda, 2007) – Mother’s early teaching helps persistence – Extending periods of interactions also influences persistence (Wheeler and Stultz, 2008) ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 11. Checkpoint Discussion Questions • Why are early relationships important to later development? • How does knowing about and understanding the attachment relationships that the children in your care have with their family members help you as an early childhood educator? ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
- 12. Checkpoint Discussion Questions • List, define, describe, and provide a specific example for each of the three As of child care. • How are the three As grounded in the theoretical perspectives described in Chapters 1 and 2 and 3? • Why is using all of the three As together a powerful tool for motivating children? ©2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.