Sustainable air pollution in Dhaka city

1. Sustainable Solutions of air pollution in Dhaka City
Bangladesh university of Business and Technology
Air pollution disaster history
❑Great smog of London: In December 1952, London was gripped by a bitter cold,
which resulted in people using coal in large quantities to heat their home.The effect of
the smog were long-lasting, however, and present-day estimates rank the number of
deaths to have been about 10,000 to 12,000.
❑ Donora smog: A yellow fog covered Pennsylvania's city of Donora in the United States
in 1948. Considered the worst air pollution disaster in US history, the haze caused
obscured vision and breathing difficulties for the residents. This smog resulted in the
death of 20 people and caused respiratory problems to 6,000 residents of the city.
Source of air pollution in city
❑ Traffic Emission: Large number of vehicles, old and poorly maintained.
❑ Industrial pollution: Brick kilns, factories emitting particulate matter and
gases.
❑ Construction activities: Dust from construction sites.
❑ Household Emissions: Use of biomass for cooking and heating.
❑ Waste Burning: Open burning of garbage
❑ Mobile source-cars, buses, planes, trucks and trains.
❑ Stationary source-power plant, oil refineries, industrial facilities
Improvement of public Transportation
❑Investment in Public Transit: Expand and modernize the public transportation system,
including buses, metro lines, and trains, to reduce the number of private vehicles on the
road.
❑ Encourage Non-Motorized Transport: Develop infrastructure for cycling and walking,
such as dedicated bike lanes and pedestrian zones.
❑ Encourage Electric Vehicles (EVs): Provide incentives for purchasing electric and hybrid
vehicles and invest in charging infrastructure.
Introduction of Air pollution
Air pollution refers to harmful substances in the air that can damage human health, the
environment, and the climate. It originates from sources like industrial activities, vehicle
emissions, household combustion, agriculture, and natural events. Common pollutants
include particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile
organic compounds, and ground-level ozone.
AQI Comparision some populated city
❑ IN 2013, Beijing and Delhi comparatively PM 2.5 -805 which is hazardous according to air
quality Index.
❑ The previous day, we see that Air quality index Delhi PM2.5-212 and PM10-203 ,Ozone-28
which is VERY UNHEALTHY according to AQI
❑ Beijing air quality Index PM2.5-17,and PM10-14,Ozone-35 which is GOOD according to AQI.
❑ Dhaka air quality Index PM2.5-156,and PM10-14,Ozone-35 also UNHEALTHY.
Industrial Emission Controls
❑Adopt Cleaner Technologies: Transition to cleaner production technologies and
renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and natural gas.
❑ Install Pollution Control Equipment: Use scrubbers, filters, and other technologies to
reduce emissions from industrial processes.
❑Enforce Emission Standards: Implement and enforce stringent emission standards for
industrial facilities and power plants.
Enhancing Regulatory Measures
•Develop Air Quality Standards: Establish and enforce stringent air quality standards that
limit permissible levels of key pollutants.
•Monitor Air Quality: Set up comprehensive air quality monitoring networks to track
pollution levels and identify sources of pollution.
•Implement Regulatory Frameworks: Create policies and regulations that mandate
reductions in emissions from key sectors like transportation, industry, and agriculture.
Promoting renewable energy
Waste to Energy(WTE) technologies
❑ Incineration:
1.Advanced incineration plants with flue gas cleaning systems to reduce emissions.
2.Energy recovery through steam turbines to generate electricity and heat.
❑ Gasification:
1.Converts organic or fossil-based carbonaceous materials into carbon monoxide, hydrogen,
and carbon dioxide through a controlled process of reaction with oxygen or steam.
❑ Plasma Arc Gasification:
1.Uses high-temperature plasma to break down waste into syngas and slag, which can be
used for energy production and construction materials.
❑ Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Implement comprehensive waste management strategies
to minimize waste generation and promote recycling.
sustainable recent air quality improve technology
❑ Photocatalytic Coatings: Applied to buildings and infrastructure, these coatings use
sunlight to break down pollutants like nitrogen oxides and VOCs into less harmful
substances.
❑ Living Walls and Green Roofs: These structures are covered with vegetation that
can improve air quality by absorbing pollutants, producing oxygen, and regulating
humidity.
❑ Sustainable HVAC Systems: Modern heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
systems are being designed with energy efficiency and air quality in mind.
❑ Algae-Based Air Purification
❑ Urban Forests and Tree Planting Initiatives
Advance air purifier technology
References
❑ https://www.unep.org/interactives/air-pollution-note/
❑ https://www.iqair.com/world-air-quality-ranking
❑ https://waqi.info/
❑ https://ourworldindata.org/air-pollution
❑ https://www.airnow.gov/aqi/aqi-basics/
❑ https://chatgpt.com/
Author: Intake-4 (Group-4)
(Ekbal-47,Imran-31,Jhumur-36,Tanvir-12,
Reza-25,Mushfiq-14,Sakibul hasan-04,Tayan-13)
Primary component to reduce air pollution
❑ Identifying and Reducing Major Sources of Pollution
❑ Industrial Emission Controls
❑ Improving Indoor Air Quality
❑ Urban Planning and Green Spaces
❑ Public Awareness and Education
❑ Renewable Energy Sources
❑ Regulatory Measures
❑ Waste Management
❑ Incentivize Renewable Energy Use: Provide subsidies and incentives for the adoption
of renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower.
❑Energy Efficiency: Promote energy-efficient technologies and practices in homes,
businesses, and transportation to reduce overall energy consumption and associated
emissions
❑Solar and Wind Energy: Increase the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and
wind to reduce reliance on fossil fuels
1.Height and Structure:
1.Typically around 7 meters (23 feet) tall.
2.Constructed with durable materials designed to withstand urban outdoor conditions.
2.Air Purification Capacity:
1.Capable of purifying up to 30,000 cubic meters of air per hour.
2.Designed to remove up to 70-75% of PM2.5 and PM10 particles.