This document discusses environmental issues in Asia related to urbanization, pollution, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity. Rapid urbanization and population growth have led to increased pollution, waste problems, and other environmental challenges for many Asian countries. Deforestation due to logging, agriculture, and other factors is a major issue across Asia and contributes to problems like flooding, erosion, and habitat loss. Asia's great biodiversity is also threatened by human activities. Conservation efforts are needed to address the complex environmental interactions within and between countries in the region.

1. MGASULIRANINGPANGKAPALIGIRAN
SAASYA
MAHALAGANGMAPANATILINATINANG
EKOLOHIKALNABALANSENGATING
MUNDO.MALAKINGPAGBABAGOANGMANGYAYARI
SALAHATNGMGAURINGBUHAYSAMUNDOKUNG
MANGYARINGITO’YHINDIBALANSE.

2. Angpagkakaiba-ibaatpagigingkatangi-tangi
nglahatnganyongbuhaynabumubuosa
naturalnakalikasanaytinatawagna
biodiversity.AngAsya,bilang
pinakamalakingkontinentesabuong
mundo,ayitinuturingnapangunahing
pinag-mumulanngglobalbiodiversity.

3. Ngunithabangangm
g
abansasaAsyaay
patuloynapapuntasakaunlaran,
kasabaydinnitoayangpagsulpotng
m
g
asu-liraningekolohikalat
pangkapaligiranbunsodnghindi
mapigilangpag-unladngekonomiyaat
angpatuloynapaglakingpopulasyon.

4. Angm
gabansangAsyanosangayonayhumaharapsa
masalimuotnainteraksyonngm
gaisyungpanlipuan,
pulitikal,ekonomiya,atpangkapaligiran.Ang
masusingugnayanatpagbabalika-tanngbawatisasa
loobngisangbansa,atsapag-itanngbawatbansaay
maha-lagaupangmakapagbalangkasat
makapagpatupadngakmangsolusyonsam
g
a
suliraningito.

5. Desertification– itoaytumutukoysa
pagkasiranglupainsamgarehiyong
bahagyangtuyoolubhangtuyo.
Salinization– pagigingmaalatngtubig
Habitat– tirahanngmgahayopatibapang
mgabagay
Hinterlands– malayonglugar,malayosa
mgaurbanisadonglugar

6. Ecological Balance – balanseng ugnayan sa
pagitan n
g m
g
a b
a
g
a
y n
a m
a
y b
u
h
a
y a
t ang
kanilangkapaligi-ran
Deforestation– pagkaubosatpagkawalang
mgapunungkahoysamgagubat
Siltation– paramiatpadagdagnadepositong
banliknadalangumaagosnatubigsaisang
lugar.
RedTide– sanhingdinoflagellatesna
lumulutangsai
ba
ba
wngdagat

7. 1.PAGKASIRANGLUPA
DESERTIFICATION
-TUMUTUKOYITOSAPAGKASIRANGLUPAINSAMGAREHIYONG
BAHAGYANGTUYOOLUBHANGTUYONAKAPAGLUMAONAY
HAHANTONGSAPERMANENTENGPAGKAWALANG
KAPAKINABANGANOPRODUCTIVITYNITOTULADNG
NARARANASANSAILANGBAHAGINGCHINA,JORDAN,
IRAQ,LEBANON,SYRIA,YEMEN,INDIAATPAKISTAN.

8. MGADAHILANNGPAGKASIRANGLUPA
A. SALINIZATION
- NANUNUOTANGTUBIGALATSAMGAILOG
B.ALKALINIZATION
-TUMUTUKOYSAPORSIYENTONG“ALKALI”SALUPA
NAGAGANAPKAPAGMALIANGPROSESONG
IRIGASYON(PAGSUSUPLAYNGTUBIGSAMGA
LUGARNATUYOOWALANGTUBIG)

9. C.OVERGRAZING
-PAGKASIRANGHALAMANOVEGETATIONNG
ISANGLUGAR–DAHILDITOANGKAPASIDAD
NGDAMUHANAYHINDISAPATSALAKING
KAWANNGMGAHAYOP(HAL.ANGNAGYAR
SAHILAGANGIRAQ,SAUDIARABIA,OMAN)

10. URBANIZATION
DAHILAN
-MIGRASYON
-PAGNANAISNGKAUNLARAN
EPEKTO
-NAKAKAAPEKTOSAKAPALIGIRAN
-NAGDUDULOTNGKAUGNAYNAPROBLEMAGAYA
NGKAHIRAPAN
-PAGDAMI NGMAHIHIRAPNALUGAR
-PANGANIBSAKALUSUGAN

11. -KRIMEN
-POLUSYON
A.NOISEPOLLUTION
-STRESS
-NAKAKADAGDAGNGPAGOD
-NAKAKABINGI
B.POLUSYONSATUBIG
C.POLUSYONSALUPA
D.POLUSYONSAHANGIN

12. PROBLEMASASOLIDWA
STE
DAHILAN
-PAGLAKASNGINDUSTRIYA
-WALANGMAAYOSNAPASILIDADPARASA
MGABASURA(HINDIMAAYOSNA
PANGANGASIWANGBASURA)
EPEKTO
-PAGKONTAMINA OPAGKADUMING
HANGIN,

13. -PAGKONTAMINASALUPA(KAPAG
NANUOTSALUPAANGMGAMAASIDOAT
DI-ORGANIKONGMATERYALNITO)
-PROBLEMANGPANGKALUSUGAN
-PROBLEMANGEKOHOLIKALSA
KALIKASAN

14. POLUSYON
DAHILAN
URBANISASYONNANAGDUDUDLOT
NG(PAGDAMINGPOPULASYON,
PAGGAMITNGMGA
KEMIKALS,PABRIKA,SASAKYANATIBA
PA.

15. EPEKTO
POLUSYONSAHANGIN(PINAKAMALALANG
POLUSYON)
-KALUSUGANSAMGATAO
-ACIDRAIN
-OZONEDEPLETION
-CLIMATECHANGE
-ANGPAGGAMITNGPETROLYOAYNAGDUDULOTNG
SULFURDIOXIDE
HAL.BEIJING,TOKYO,SEOUL,TAIPEI,JAKARTAAT
BANGKOK

16. POLUSYONSATUBIG
-KONTAMINASYONMULASA
BASURA,MARUMINGTUBIGGALINGSA
MGAINDUSTRIYA,OILSPILL,LATAKO
RESIDUESNGMGAPESTECIDES
-PROBLEMANGPANGKALUSUGANDAHIL
SAURBANISASYON

17. HAL.HUANGHO,GANGES,AMUATSYRDARYA
-ANGMGARADIOACTIVEWASTESMULASAMGA
PLANTA(URANIUMPLANT)AYNANGANGANIBNA
DUMALOYSAMGAILOGSAKARATIGBANSANA
MAGDUDULOTNGPAGKASIRANGBUHAYNGMGA
ORGANISMO
-ANGMGADUMIMULASAPAGMIMINANAMAAARING
DUMALOYSAMGAILOGATMGAIRIGASYON

18. PAGKAWALANGBIODIVERSITY
ANGASYAANGMAYPINAKAMAYAMANG
BIODIVERSITYSABUONGMUNDODAHILSALAWAK
NITO.MAKIKITAANGMGAMAYAYAMANG
BIODIVERSITYSACHINA,INDIA,THAILAND,
INDONESIA,ATMALAYSIANAMAYPINAKAMARAMING
SPECIESNGISDA,AMPHIBIANS,REPTILE,IBONAT
MAMMAL

19. DAHILAN
-PAGTAASNGPOPULASYON
-WALANGHABASNAPAGKUHANGLIKASNA
YAMAN
-PANG-AABUSOSALUPA
-DEFORESTATION/PAG-KALBOATPAGKASIRA
NGKAGUBATAN

20. -POLUSYON SA
KAPALIGIRAN
-INTRODUKSIYON N
G MGA
S
P
E
C
I
E
S N
A H
I
N
D
I L
I
K
A
S SA
ISANGLUGAR

21. PAGKASIRANGKAGUBATAN
DAHILAN
-KOMERSYALNAPAGTOTROSO
-PAGKAKAINGIN/SLASHANDBURN
METHOD
-PAGPUTOLNGPUNO
-PAGKASUNOGNGMGA
KAGUBATAN/FORESTFIRES

22. EPEKTO
-NAKAKASAMASANATURALECOSYSTEM
-NANGANGANIBANGMGASPECIESNGHAYOP
ATHALAMAN(MAAARINGMAWALANNG
NATURALNATIRAHAN)
-NAGDUDULOTNGPAGBAHA,EROSYONNG
LUPA,PAGGUHONGLUPA,SILTASYONAT
SEDIMENTASYON.

23. HAL.ANGMGABANSANG
BANGLADESH
INDONESIA
PAKISTAN
PILIPINAS
AYMAYMATAASNAANTASNG
DEFORESTATIONKAYANAMANNAKAKARANAS
ANGMGA BANSANGITONGPAGBAHA

24. Redtidesresultfromamassivebuildupof
certainspeciesofthemicroscopicsea
organismsknownasphytoplankton.Someof
thesetinyplanktonorganismsproduce
compoundsthataretoxictofishthatfeedon
them.Inaddition,thetoxinsaccumulatein
filter-feedingshellfish,suchasclams,mussels,
andoysters.

25. Theshellfishthemselvesarerarelyaffected
bythetoxins,butthepoisoncanpersistin
theirtissueforyearsandcanbepassedalong
topeoplewhoeatthecontaminated
shellfish.Ofthemorethanonethousand
speciesofphytoplankton,onlyabouttwo
dozenaretoxic

26. .Heavyconcentrationsofbothtoxic
andnontoxicphytoplanktonblooms
canlendareddish-browntinttothe
surroundingwater,but
contaminationcanoccureven
withoutvisiblediscoloration.

51. STEPPE GRASSLAND IN KAZAKHSTAN
SHORT, DRY GRASSES COVER THE SEMIARID STEPPE GRASSLANDS OF INTERIOR EURASIA.
THESE FLAT, MIDLATITUDE GRASSLANDS STRETCH EASTWARD FROM THE BLACK SEA INTO
KAZAKHSTAN, MONGOLIA, AND NORTHERN CHINA. A SIMILAR LANDSCAPE CAN BE FOUND IN
THE GREAT PLAINS OF NORTH AMERICA BETWEEN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS AND THE PRAIRIES
OF ALBERTA, SASKATCHEWAN, AND THE MIDWEST UNITED STATES.

52. SavannaBiome
Herdsoflargegrazinganimals,suchasthezebragrazing.Grazinganimalsandfire
keepvegetationtoaminimuminsavannaareaswithhighrainfall.Occasionalfires
burnbackoldgrassandstimulategrowthofnewgrass.

53. ArcticTundra
Tundra,orlow-growingvegetationincludingshrubs,grasses,mosses,andherbs,
coverstheplainsandcoastalregionsoftheArctic.

54. MongolianSteppe
Grassyplainscalledsteppesmakeupanimportanttransitionzonebetweenforestanddesertin
Mongolia.Thestepperegionhasadryclimatethatisidealforgrassland.

55. MongolianPastoralists
HorsesandsheepgrazeontheMongoliansteppe(grassyplains)neartraditionalMongol
dwellingscalledger.LivestockherdersinmodernMongoliacontinuetofollowanomadicway
oflife,movingacrosstheseeminglyendlesssteppeintheirportabledwellings.

56. ProtectingChina'sWildlife
Thislushfrost-coveredforestispartoftheWolongpandapreserve,situatedinaremoteareaofSichuanprovinceinsouth
centralChina.BecausemuchofChina'slandhasbeenclearedforagricultureandindustry,thecountryhaslostagreatdealof
naturalhabitat.ButChinahasalsoestablishedmorethan450naturereservestoprotectdistinctecologicalenvironmentsand
endangeredplantsandanimals.Wolongisoneof13protectedareasforthedelightfulgiantpanda.

57. RuralJapan
Thesmall,terracedricefieldsandtightlyclusteredhomesofthisagricultural
villageintheChūgokuregionofHonshūIslandaretypicalofruralJapan.
Traditionally,mostJapaneselivedinvillageslikethisone,buttodaymostlivein
cities.

58. CarFactory,Ulsan
HyundaiautomobilesawaitexportinUlsan,SouthKorea.TheHyundaifactoryinUlsanwastheworld’slargest
automobilemanufacturingcomplexin2004,whenthefactorycelebratedtheexportofits10millionthcar.The
city’sotherleadingindustriesincludeoilrefining,shipbuilding,andtheproductionoffertilizers.

59. MarbleQuarry,Tajikistan
Tajikistan’smountainousterraincontainsmanyrichmineraldeposits.Thissmall
villageproducesmarblefromalargequarry.

60. Iran’sEasternOilFields
PetroleumisIran’smostimportantnaturalresource,andthenationisoneoftheworld’sleadingoilproducers.Its
mainoilfields,whichhavebeenestimatedtocontain48billionbarrelsofcrudeoil,arelocatedintheeastern
provinceofKhūzestān,withsmallerfieldsoffshoreinthePersianGulf.Oilrefinerieshavebeenbuiltinthecitiesof
Shīrāz,Kermānshāh,andEşfahān.

61. Iran’sPetroleumIndustry
FromthisfacilityonKhargIslandinthePersianGulf,Iran’soilisexportedto
countriesaroundtheworld.Linkedtomainlandoilfieldsbypipelines,theterminal
hasanexportcapacityofabout5millionbarrelsperday.Morethanthree-fourths
ofIran’sexportrevenuescomefromforeignsalesofoil.

62. TigrisRiver,Iraq
TheTigrisRiverasitflowsthroughIraq.Present-dayIraqoccupiesthegreaterpart
oftheancientlandofMesopotamia,theplainbetweentheTigrisandEuphrates
rivers.

63. EuphratesRiver,Syria
TheriversinSyria,southwesternAsia,areessentialtothecountry’sagriculturalcommunities.
Here,Syria’slongestriver,theEuphrates,runsthroughKarkemish.Theriver,becauseofitssize,
suppliesmuchofthewaterneededtoirrigatethecountry’slargelandtracts.

64. ALogginginBorneo
CutfromthethickforestsofBorneo,thistimberisbeingtransportedbywaterintheSabah
regionofMalaysia.MostMalaysianlumberisproducedinSabahandSarawak,anditisan
importantexport.Butworldwideconcernaboutdestructionoftherainforesthasslowedthe
expansionofthecountry'swood-productsindustry.

65. APreciousSapofMalaysianRubberTrees
ThoughrubbertreesfirstgrewinBrazil,seedlingswerebroughttoMalaysiafromGreatBritaininthelate1800s.
Today,Malaysiaistheworld'slargestrubberproducer.Earlyintheday,treetapperscutV-shapedincisionsintotree
trunksandattachcupstothetreestocatchtheflowinglatex.Hourslater,thelatexiscollectedandsenttoafactory
forprocessing.

66. Pinang,Malaysia
Malaysia’stropicalvegetationprovidesanidealhabitatforadiversepopulationofanimallife,includinglarge
mammals,primates,crocodiles,andhundredsofspeciesofbirds,snakes,lizards,andinsects.Alongwitha
burgeoningindustrialeconomythatemploysthemajorityofPinang’sworkforce,touristattractionssuchasthis
butterflyfarmhaveflourished.