9. IPM for Pests of Roots,
Seed Pieces and Shoots
*Cultural Control
- Disking & cultivating
- kills and exposes them
to natural enemies
- Flooding and rotation (Rice)
- soil type, season & duration
10. IPM for Pests of Roots,
Seed Pieces and Shoots
*Cultural Control
- Weed control in fallow fields
reduces Summer egg
deposits by wireworm adults
11. IPM for Pests of Roots,
Seed Pieces and Shoots
*Chemical Control
- At plant treatment for grubs
and wireworms directed into
furrows when flooding or
rice rotation is not possible
- Post emergence for LCB
12. Insect Pests of Sugarcane
Stalks
Sugarcane borer
- leaves, mid to upper stalks
West Indian sugarcane weevil
- lower stalks
16. IPM for Pests of Stalks
*Biological control
- Cotesia flavipes, parasitoid of
sugarcane borer released
in 1960’s
- Research by Dr. David Hall,
U.S.Sugar Corp., led to culture
and mass production of wasps
18. IPM for Pests of Stalks
*Economic threshold used to
initiate treatments
- Fields scouted for damage
- Sugarcane borer larvae
examined for parasitism
- Cotesia wasps released in
fields as needed to augment
natural levels of parasitism
19. IPM for Pests of Stalks
*Host plant resistance
- Breeding programs
(public and private) select
for clones resistant to insects
and diseases
- Some clones much more
susceptible to stalk pests
20. IPM for Pests of Stalks
*Chemical control
- Insecticides applied by air
when late season damage is
above threshold
- Recent registration of selective
material provides alternative that
preserves natural enemy complex
27. Sugarcane lace bug
Leaf feeding results in yellow and
red discoloration, large populations
can lead to premature leaf death
28. IPM for Pests of Foliage
Natural biological control agents
often keep populations below
damage threshold and respond
to outbreaks
- Ants (incl. red imported
fire ants), earwigs, beetles,
flower flies and spiders
31. IPM for Pests of Foliage
*Host plant resistance
- Yellow sugarcane aphids
colonize and damage only small
subset of clones
- Stage 3 clones now being
evaluated for resistance
32. IPM for Pests of Foliage
*Chemical control
Broad spectrum insecticides
used as last resort to prevent
or minimize losses from foliage
pests
33. Summary
- Insect pests of roots, seed pieces,
shoots & foliage
- IPM in Sugarcane includes:
cultural (incl. flooding & rotation),
chemical and biological controls,
scouting using treatment
thresholds, breeding program for
host plant resistance
34. Summary
- Natural and augmentative biological
control agents important for
maintaining insect populations under
economic thresholds