Substitution of ingredients

1. 1 CUP ALL PURPOSE FLOUR
2 TBSP WHITE SUGAR
2 TSP BAKING POWDER
1 TSP SALT
1 EGG BEATEN
3/4 CUP EVAP MILK
½ CUP COOKING OIL

2. SUBSTITUTION

3. How many times have you been ready to
cook and found you were out of a certain
ingredient?
Sometimes it is inconvenient to run out
and purchase the necessary ingredient --
it's easier to use a similar product as a
replacement.

4. There are several factors to consider when
substituting ingredients: differences in flavor,
moisture, texture and weight.
To help avoid disappointments when
substituting ingredients, understand the
physical and chemical properties of all
ingredients. Measure accurately.

5. The following abbreviations are used:
• tsp = teaspoon
• Tbsp = tablespoon
• oz = ounce
• lb = pound

6. Ingredient Equivalents
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
1 Allspice 1 tsp • 1/2 tsp cinnamon plus 1/2 tsp ground
cloves

7. Ingredient Equivalents
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
2 Apple pie spice 1 tsp • 1/2 tsp cinnamon, 1/4 tsp nutmeg,
and 1/8 tsp cardamom

8. Ingredient Equivalents
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
3 Arrowroot, as
thickener
1 Tbsp • 2 Tbsp all-purpose flour.
• 1 Tbsp cornstarch

10. Ingredient Equivalents
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
4 Baking powder,
double acting
1 tsp • 1/4 tsp baking soda, 1/2 tsp cream of
tartar and 1/4 tsp cornstarch

11. Ingredient Equivalents
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
5 Bay leaf, crushed 1 tsp • 1 whole bay leaf

12. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
6 Brandy 1/4 cup • 1 tsp brandy extract plus enough
water or liquid called for in recipe
to make 1/4 cup

13. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
7 Breadcrumbs (Dry) 1/4- 1/3
cup
• 1 sliced bread ; 2/3 cup rolled oats
• 1/4 cup cracker crumbs

14. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
8 Broth:
Beef/Chicken
1 cup • 1 bouillon cube
• 1 tsp powder-base
• 1 granules dissolved in 1 cup water

15. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
9 Butter 1 cup • 1 cup margarine

16. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
10 Catsup 1 cup • 1 cup tomato sauce, ½ cup sugar, 2
Tbsp vinegar

17. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
11 Chili Sauce 1 cup • - 1 cup tomato sauce, 1/4 cup brown
sugar, 2 Tbsp vinegar, 1/4 tsp
cinnamon, and dash of ground cloves
and allspice.

18. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
12 Chives, finely
chopped
1 Tbsp • 1 Tbsp green onion tops, finely
chopped.

19. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
13 Chocolate,
unsweetened
1 Oz • 3 Tbsp cocoa + 1 tbsp butter or fat
• 3 tbsp carob powder + 2 Tbsp water

20. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
14 Coconut: Grated,
Dry
1 Tbsp • 1 ½ Tbsp fresh coconut, grated

21. INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT AMOUNT SUBSTITUTIONS
15 Coconut Cream 1 cup • 1 cup cream