2. Substation
A substation is a part of an
electrical generation, transmission,
and distribution system.
Substations transform voltage from
high to low, or the reverse, or
perform any of several other
important functions
3. Elements of a Substation
A: Primary power lines' side B: Secondary power lines' side
1. Primary power lines
2. Ground wire
3. Overhead lines
4. Transformer for measurement of electric voltage
5. Disconnect switch
6. Circuit breaker
7. Current transformer
8. Lightning arrester
9. Main transformer
10. Control building
11. Security fence 12. Secondary power lines
5. Transformer
A substation may
include transformers to
change voltage levels
between high
transmission voltages
and lower distribution
voltages, or at the
interconnection of two
different transmission
voltages.
6. Disconnect Switch
In electrical engineering, a
disconnector, disconnect
switch or isolator switch is
used to ensure that an
electrical circuit is
completely de-energized for
service or maintenance.
Disconnectors can be
operated either manually or
automatically.
7. Circuit Breaker
A circuit breaker is an
automatically-operated
electrical switch designed to
protect an electrical circuit
from damage caused by
overload of electricity or short
circuit. A circuit breakers
function is to detect a fault
condition and, by interrupting
continuity, to immediately
discontinue electrical flow.
8. Lightning Arrester
A lightning arrester is a
device used on electrical
power systems and
telecommunications
systems to protect the
insulation and conductors
of the system from the
damaging effects of
lightning. The typical
lightning arrester has a
high-voltage terminal and
a ground terminal.
9. CT and PT
While a potential
transformer(PT) used to reduce
the voltage to lower values and
to provide isolation between
high voltage power network
and the relays and the other
instruments that are connected
to their secondaries. CT is
used for current measurement
and PT is used for voltage
measurement.
