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First RCE Thematic Conference: Towards Achieving the SDGs
(Dec.5, 2017)
バイオマスを燃料とする
発電用ガスエンジンの燃焼に関する研究
Study on Combustion in a Gas Engine for Power Generation
Fueled with Biomass
岡山大学大学院
自然科学研究科
冨田 栄二 (Eiji TOMITA)
岡山地方の特徴 「晴れの国」
気候は温暖(瀬戸内海気候区)
降水量0.5mm未満の日(平年値)が
年間263.5日と全国で最も多い
年間降水量は1,141mm.
全国平均の約70%
年間日照時間は2,010時間
全国平均の
約107%
出展: (財)岡山県環境
保全事業団
岡山県地球温暖化
防止計画
真庭
CO2循環サイクル
経済
政策提言
処理(破砕,発酵,触媒)
光合成(メカニズム,効率)
バイオマス由来の燃料
エネルギー利用 (動力源)
ガスエンジン,燃料電池
木材チップ ガス化
H2O
CO2
植物(エネルギー作物)
BDFEthanol
排熱の有効利用
成育環境改善(土壌,ストレスほか)
メタン
廃食油
廃プラスティック
二酸化炭素の循環過程(Recycle process of CO2)
二酸化炭素,炭素の分離・固定化
各種要素技術
Co-generation
Photosynthesis
(Mechanism,
efficiency)
Improvement of
growth environment
(Soil, Stress,…)
Process(Crushing, fermentation,
catalyst)
Methane
Various element technologies
Separation & Immobilization of CO2 & C
Gas engine, fuel cell
Energy utilization (power source)
Utilization of heat from
exhaust gas
Gasification of wood tip
Waste edible oil
Waste plastics
Policy
advice
(Plant, grass)
岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科プロジェクト
Project in Graduate school of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama
University
CO2循環・削減型社会実現に向けての
融合的研究
Fusional Study for Realization of Circulation and Reduction of
Carbon Dioxide
April 2007-March 2010
(PJ leader:Eiji TOMITA)
After this project,
each research continues individually.
Project member (34 in total)
【光合成・エネルギー源生産】
自然科学研究科バイオサイエンス専攻分子生物科学講座 高橋裕一郎
植物・微生物機能開発学講座
白石友紀・山際泰夫,加藤鎌司,笹川英夫
動物機能開発学講座 西野直樹
環境学研究科 生命環境学専攻 環境生態学講座 吉川賢・音田高志・坂本圭児・土井孝大
【エネルギー源処理】
自然科学研究科機能分子化学専攻 材料機能化学講座 沖原巧
物質反応化学講座 酒井貴志,岸本昭
生体機能設計学講座 今村維克
環境学研究科 資源循環学専攻 物質エネルギー学講座 三宅通博,アズハ・ウッディン
【要素技術】
自然科学研究科産業創成工学専攻 機械生産開発学講座 宇野義幸・岡本康寛・岡田晃
塚本真也,藤井正浩・關正憲,
多田直哉,瀬沼武秀・竹元嘉利
知能機械システム学講座 五福 明夫
【エネルギー発生・排熱の有効利用技術】
自然科学研究科産業創成工学専攻 エネルギーシステム学講座 冨田栄二,河原伸幸,
堀部明彦,柳瀬眞一郎
【経済性および技術評価】
自然科学研究科バイオサイエンス専攻 生物機能化学講座 神崎浩
環境学研究科 生命環境学専攻 環境生態学講座 駄田井久,嶋一徹,横溝功
Experimental apparatus for biogas
Diesel fuel
injector
TDC signal
CH4
CO2
N2
Air compressor
Common rail
Diesel fuel
Exhaust gas
H2
CO
Dynamometer
Mass flow
controller
Pin=200kPa
Combustion & exhaust emissions in a biomass gas engine
Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus for visualization
Natural gas
n=1000 rpm
mgo=2mg/cycle
8000 frames/sec
Biomass gas
H2 22.3%
CO 27.6%
CO2 23.2%
CH4 2.7%
N2 24.2%
Pin=100 kPa
qinj=8deg.BTDC
f=0.6
mgo= 2.0mg/cycle Pgo=40 MPa CA, deg. ATDC
IN
INEX
EX
13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0 21.0
-1.5 TDC 1.5 3.0 4.5
6.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0
mgo= 2.0mg/cycle Pgo=40 MPa CA, deg. ATDC
IN
INEX
EX IN
INEX
EX
13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0 21.0
-1.5 TDC 1.5 3.0 4.5
6.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
-30 -15 0 15 30 45
Crank angle, deg ATDC
Pressure,MPa Knock
Auto-ignition without
pressure oscillation
Normal combustion
Gas oil only
Motoring
n=1000rpm, CNG+ diesel fuel ft=0.6, mgo=2.0mg/cycle, Pin=200kPa
Pressure history in a natural gas engine ignited with diesel fuel
Bore 96mm
Stroke 108mm
e 16
Injector
f0.1mmx3
Pinj=40MPa
Clarification of PREMIER combustion
(PREMixed gas Ignition
in the End gas Region)
NEDO よく分かる技術解説 新エネルギー,バイオマス
http://app2.infoc.nedo.go.jp/kaisetsu/neg/neg06/index.html
わら,もみ殻など 栽培作物系
(さとうきび,
とうもろこし)
マイクログリッド:小規模電力網 (Micro-scale power grid)
従来:原子力・火力・水力などの大規模な送電網
小型分散型エネルギー(太陽光、風力、バイオマスなど)を結び、地域内で効率
的に運用して電力の需給バランスを調整する地域電力ネットワーク。
八戸がメタンガスや太陽光、風力などの新エネルギーを組み合わせた「マイクログリッド」
の構築を実証試験
東京ガスの横浜研究所でも、大規模な実証試験設備があり、太陽光や風力発電の導入
で不安定になる電力会社の電力をガスエンジンや蓄電池の併用で安定化できるシステム
マイクログリッド対応型バイオマスガス発電システム

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Study on Combustion in a Gas Engine for Power Generation Fueled with Biomass - Prof. Eiji Tomita (Dean of Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University)