This study guide covers many topics related to DNA, genes, chromosomes, heredity, cellular structures, and cell processes. It includes definitions of key terms like the double helix structure of DNA, transcription and translation of DNA into proteins, the differences between mitosis and meiosis, cellular organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The guide provides an overview of essential concepts to prepare for an exam on DNA and cell biology.

1. Study Guide Exam Two
DNA
Where is DNA?
DNA evidence
ATCG
Complementary
Base pairs
Double helix
Watson and Crick
Alleles
Genes
Chromosomes
Traits
Recessive
Dominant
Bases
Human genes
Central dogma
Transcription
Translation
RNA
Uracil
Triplet
Codon
mRNA
primary site
ribosome
vesicles

2. golgi apparatus
peroxisome
smooth ER
rough ER
diabetes
PCR
Gel electrophoresis
Restriction enzymes
Human genome
DNA similarity between species
Telomeres
Centromeres
Mitosis
Meiosis
Cloning
Fission
Bacterial DNA
Asexual reproduction
Cytokinesis
Gametes
Daughter cells
Cancer cells
Contact inhibition
Sex chromosomes
Autosomes
Homologous pair
Diploid
Haploid

3. N =
Definition of “female”
Hereditary information
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Mitochondria
How could mitochondria have developed from bacteria?
Plasma membrane
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Cytoskeleton
Pattern of proteins on a cell’s surface
Diffusion
Osmosis
Solute
Solvent
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Active transport
Passive diffusion

4. Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Vesicles
Phagocytosis
Receptor mediated phagocytosis
Plasmodesmata
Gap junctions
Flagellum
Pilli
Sperm
Ovum
Lysosome
What is the difference between the smooth ER and the rough ER?
Why are cells usually spherical?
What organelles are found in plants and animals? Which are just found in plants?
Vacuole