Strep Salivarius
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A 71-year-old male with a history of coronary artery disease and autoimmune hepatitis was admitted with fever. Blood cultures grew Streptococcus salivarius. S. salivarius bacteremia can represent a serious underlying illness. The patient's treatment plan includes 2 weeks of intravenous ceftriaxone and gentamicin, followed by surveillance blood cultures and endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures.
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The document discusses several key points about fungal infections:
1) Fungi are common in nature but relatively few cause disease in humans, usually superficial infections or allergies. Major disease-causing fungi include Candida, Aspergillus, and Zygomycetes.
2) Risk factors for invasive fungal infections include surgery, immunosuppression, and broad-spectrum antibiotic use. Candida infections are the most common cause of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections.
3) Early diagnosis and treatment of invasive fungal infections is important, as mortality can be high. Removing intravascular catheters and restoring immune function are also important aspects of management.
"Biomarkers in sepsis and septic shock" by Prof. Jérôme Pugin
"Biomarkers in sepsis and septic shock" by Prof. Jérôme PuginVall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR)
The research interest of the investigator has focused on the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of sepsis. In particular, he has worked on soluble proteins involved in the innate recognition of bacteria such as soluble CD14 and MD-2, as well as in the Toll-like receptors activated by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Another area of study is the molecular pathogenesis and cell signaling of ventilator-induced lung injury, and lung inflammation in the context of acute respiratory distress syndrome. He has also identified and tested biomarkers in the field of clinical sepsis.
Watch the presentation on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyWN7JlhlmI&Guidelineupdateforthemanagementofintravenouscatheterrelated 12639283169308-ph...
This document summarizes guidelines for the management of intravascular catheter-related infections. It identifies common pathogens associated with these infections and analyzes treatment options. It provides algorithms for empiric antibiotic selection and tailored therapy based on pathogen. It also summarizes changes to the 2009 guidelines, including distinguishing treatment for various pathogens like S. aureus, Enterococcus species, and gram-negative bacilli.
Cacoub hcv ehm & inflam du16
1. Chronic HCV infection can lead to increased mortality from both hepatic and extrahepatic diseases such as liver cancer, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease.
2. HCV infection is associated with a variety of autoimmune manifestations and lymphoproliferative disorders, most notably mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis.
3. Treatment of HCV infection with direct-acting antivirals or pegylated interferon/ribavirin can result in remission of extrahepatic manifestations by achieving sustained virological response.
HCM - Egreso - Diarrea en Paciente con VIH
The document discusses diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients. It notes that diarrhea is more common in developing countries (90% vs 30-50% in developed nations) and is often the initial symptom (51-72% of cases). Common causes of diarrhea include protozoa like Cryptosporidium, bacteria such as Salmonella and Mycobacterium avium, and viruses like cytomegalovirus. Diagnosis involves stool exams, biopsies, and tests like PCR. Treatments include antiretrovirals, antibiotics, antidiarrheals, and nutrition/hydration support.
Vancomycin- Resistant Enterococci Infective Endocarditis: Review of Linezolid...
This document discusses treatment options for vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) infective endocarditis. It presents a case of a patient with VRE endocarditis and reviews his treatment with linezolid and daptomycin. Linezolid and daptomycin are discussed as alternative treatment options for multidrug-resistant VRE infections when other antibiotics are not effective. The prevalence of linezolid resistance is analyzed, and the role of daptomycin in enterococcal infections is evaluated based on available literature.
Endocarditis infecciosa
This document discusses infective endocarditis, including its definition, pathophysiology, classification, clinical situations, manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. Some key points:
- Infective endocarditis is a microbial infection of the endothelial surface of the heart. The characteristic lesion is vegetation (fibrin, platelets, microorganisms and inflammatory cells).
- It can be classified as acute (systemic toxicity, progression over days to weeks) or subacute (modest toxicity over weeks to months).
- It commonly involves the heart valves but can occur on the endocardium. Risk factors include pre-existing valve problems, IV drug use, and implanted devices.
- Manifestations include e
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI)
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI)Philippine Hospital Infection Contol Nurses Associaton (PHICNA) Inc.
(1) The document summarizes guidelines for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in adults from the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
(2) It defines catheter-associated UTI and asymptomatic bacteriuria, and discusses epidemiology, microbiology, risk factors, complications of short and long-term catheterization, and recommendations for diagnosis and management.
(3) The document provides treatment guidelines including first-line and alternative antibiotic options for catheter-associated UTIs based on risk of specific organisms.Emergencias oncológicas (Diplomado UniRemington) Parte 4/6
The document discusses oncological emergencies and focuses on hypercalcemia associated with cancer, febrile neutropenia, tumor lysis syndrome, and superior vena cava syndrome. It provides information on the definition, causes, clinical presentation, and treatment recommendations for these oncological emergencies. The timely administration of antibiotics is emphasized for febrile neutropenia, as delays can impact survival. Primary treatment with voriconazole is recommended for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Antibacterial and antifungal prophylaxis are only advised for patients expected to have very low neutrophil counts for over seven days.
Immunopatologi Sepsis
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated immune response to infection that can lead to organ dysfunction. It is a major public health challenge worldwide with high mortality rates. The pathophysiology of sepsis involves an initial hyperinflammatory state followed by immune suppression that increases susceptibility to secondary infections. Biomarkers such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin can help diagnose sepsis and evaluate severity, but an ideal biomarker has yet to be identified. Treatment of sepsis involves both resuscitative strategies and infection control according to surviving sepsis guidelines, and focuses on the complex pathophysiology of the condition.
Emergencias oncológicas
This document discusses oncological emergencies and fever neutropenia in cancer patients. It provides guidelines for the diagnosis and management of fever neutropenia, including recommending empiric antibiotic and antifungal therapy for high-risk patients. It also addresses the impact of time to antibiotic treatment, risk-stratification tools for outpatient management, and appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics.
Guideline Update For The Management Of Intravenous Catheter Related Infections
The document provides guidelines for managing intravascular catheter-related infections. It discusses common pathogens associated with different catheter types and insertion sites. Treatment recommendations include empiric and tailored antibiotic therapy based on pathogen. Algorithms outline treatment for short-term, long-term, and dialysis catheter infections based on complications and isolated organisms. Changes from previous guidelines include expanded scope, altered treatment durations, and inclusion of antibiotic lock therapy.
Febrile neutropenia by DR saqib ahmad shah PG radiation oncology SKIMS KASHMIR
This document discusses granulopoiesis, neutrophils, and neutropenia. It defines neutropenia as an abnormally low level of neutrophils in the bloodstream. Severe neutropenia, when neutrophil counts drop below 500 cells/mm3, can lead to life-threatening infections. The document outlines risk factors for infections in neutropenic cancer patients and describes the evaluation and treatment of febrile neutropenia, including assessing patient risk level to determine treatment approach.
Sepsis JC.pptx
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of intravenous injection of Mycobacterium w (Mw) in treating gram-negative sepsis.
The study involved 30 patients over 18 years of age with gram-negative sepsis and single organ dysfunction. Patients received intravenous Mw injections in addition to standard care. Results showed significant improvements in vital signs, organ function markers, and sepsis severity scores from day 2 onward compared to baseline. No major adverse events occurred.
The study concluded that intravenous Mw appears to be a well-tolerated and effective adjuvant treatment for gram-negative sepsis when added to standard care, as demonstrated by improved clinical outcomes. However, larger randomized controlled trials are still needed to confirm these findings.
Treating Infectious Illness in the ICU
The document discusses principles of treating infectious illnesses in critical care, with a focus on antibiotic resistance and choice of antibiotics. It covers several topics: the impact of antibiotic use on resistance; choosing initial antibiotics and tailoring treatment based on culture results; applying pharmacology and pharmacodynamics to optimize bacterial killing; and reviewing guidelines for specific infections. It also provides an overview of antibiotic classes, mechanisms of action, considerations for dosing in renal impairment, and highlights specific agents like penicillins, cephalosporins, and vancomycin.
CASE PRESENTATION.ppt
1) A 37-year-old male with lung cancer was admitted with fever, abdominal pain, and constipation and was diagnosed with non-typhoidal Salmonella sepsis based on blood culture results.
2) The isolated Salmonella strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin.
3) Non-typhoidal Salmonella is a common cause of bloodstream infections worldwide, especially in immunocompromised individuals, and can cause serious complications like acute kidney injury, pneumonia, and death in up to 15% of cases.
ICAAC 2014: Selection of sessions and abstracts
Selection of preferred sessions and abstracts presented at ICAAC 2014.
Titles are linked to abstracts. If available, posters are linked
Nosocomial infection
Nosocomial infections, also known as hospital-acquired infections, are infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving treatment for other conditions within a healthcare setting. The document discusses the epidemiology, sources, common microorganisms, types of infections, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of nosocomial infections. It notes that approximately 2 million patients suffer from hospital-acquired infections annually worldwide, with around 100,000 deaths. Common types of nosocomial infections mentioned include urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, surgical site infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and septicemia. Prevention strategies focus on proper hand hygiene, limiting unnecessary procedures and devices, and following infection control protocols.
Treatment of diffuse systemic sclerosis with AIMSPRO
This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial explored the safety and potential efficacy of hyperimmune caprine serum (AIMSPRO) in 20 patients with established diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (SSc) over 26 weeks. The trial found no safety concerns with AIMSPRO. Patients receiving AIMSPRO showed a mean decrease in modified Rodnan Skin Score compared to an increase in the placebo group. Levels of PIIINP, a biomarker of fibrosis, increased less in the AIMSPRO group. The results support the safety of AIMSPRO and suggest it may provide clinical benefit for skin disease in SSc.
Gram Negative Sepsis
abscess advanced trauma life support anterior open bite antibiotics braces csf leaks dental diseases doxycycline dr dr shabeel drshabeel’s face eye trauma gingival infection medical medicine periodontal gum surgery pharmacy pn
Similar to Strep Salivarius (20)
Clinical Mycology U F Medical Students 12 05 07 Final2
Clinical Mycology U F Medical Students 12 05 07 Final2
"Biomarkers in sepsis and septic shock" by Prof. Jérôme Pugin
"Biomarkers in sepsis and septic shock" by Prof. Jérôme Pugin
Guidelineupdateforthemanagementofintravenouscatheterrelated 12639283169308-ph...
Guidelineupdateforthemanagementofintravenouscatheterrelated 12639283169308-ph...
Vancomycin- Resistant Enterococci Infective Endocarditis: Review of Linezolid...
Vancomycin- Resistant Enterococci Infective Endocarditis: Review of Linezolid...
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI)
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI)
Emergencias oncológicas (Diplomado UniRemington) Parte 4/6
Emergencias oncológicas (Diplomado UniRemington) Parte 4/6
Guideline Update For The Management Of Intravenous Catheter Related Infections
Guideline Update For The Management Of Intravenous Catheter Related Infections
Febrile neutropenia by DR saqib ahmad shah PG radiation oncology SKIMS KASHMIR
Febrile neutropenia by DR saqib ahmad shah PG radiation oncology SKIMS KASHMIR
Treatment of diffuse systemic sclerosis with AIMSPRO
Treatment of diffuse systemic sclerosis with AIMSPRO
Strep Salivarius
- 1. TEMUJIN T. CHAVEZ, M.D. LCDR MC USN INFECTIOUS DISEASEAS FELLOW National Naval Medical Center Case Conference
- 5. Grams stain
- 8. CT Chest
- 11. Clinical significance of Streptococcus salivarius bacteremia Eur J Clin Microbiol Inf Dis 2004;24:250-5.
- 15. Highly PCN Susceptible Viridans Group Streptococcus and S. bovis Circulation 2005;111:e396-e434
- 16. Highly PCN Susceptible Viridans Group Streptococcus and S. bovis Circulation 2005;111:e396-e434
- 19. PCN Susceptible IE CID 1998;27:1470-4.
- 22. IE prophylaxis
Editor's Notes
- Infectious Diseases Research Lab at Mayo Clinical Endocarditis Registry
- Strength: first study to evaluate susceptibility patterns temporally for endocardial infections Weakness:
- Pcn mic <0.03, ctx 0.25
- Pcn mic <0.03, ctx 0.25
- Phase III studies are designed to compare one or more treatments. A new drug or drug combination may be tested against one of proven efficacy. Phase III studies often have multiple endpoints. Overall and disease-free survival are nearly always endpoints; differences in response rates, toxicity, patterns of recurrence, and quality of life might also be endpoints. At the conclusion of a properly designed and conducted phase III study, the new drug or drug combination will be found to be inferior, equivalent, or superior to the standard treatment with respect to the major endpoints. The degree of difference will be known and statistical significance will be estimated
- No relapses occurred. Clinical cure was observed in 25(96.2%) of 26 monotherapy and 24 (96%) 25 combination therapy recipients. Total of 5 monotherapy pts received cardiac surgery a mean of 37.1 days after antimicrobial therapy. Total of 9 combination therapy recipients required cardiac surgery at mean 22 2 combination therapy pts had a rise in their serum creatinine Mean duration of hospitalization was 8 days for montherapy and 14.5 days for combination therapy.