This document summarizes information presented at a Capital District event on strengthening building codes in New York State. It describes several recent apartment building fires caused by Type V combustible construction and discusses the faster fire growth seen today. The document then covers topics like noncombustible vs combustible assemblies, NFPA 13 vs 13R sprinklers, and a cost study finding that noncombustible construction increases costs by only 5% on average. Overall, the document makes the case that updating codes to require safer, noncombustible materials would better protect occupants and firefighters.
Introducing the Building Materials and Technology of the Future! NHP-ECHO Ltd. will build homes, pre-engineered by our Partner, IHE – International Homes Export, California, USA, to your design. We will incorporate your ideas and dreams. And we´ll do it right, for less money and faster.
The document outlines the steps taken to build an addition with a full basement to an existing house, which included removing a corner, supporting the second level, contracting drawings and engineering, digging the basement and pouring the foundation, framing the floor, exterior, roof, and stairs, and installing windows, doors, electrical, plumbing, drywall, tape, and texture.
The document discusses various fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composite manufacturing processes. It defines FRP composites and describes common matrix materials like thermoset and thermoplastic resins. Manufacturing methods covered include hand lay-up, spray-up, resin transfer molding (RTM), filament winding, pultrusion, matched-die molding, and reaction injection molding (RIM). Each process is explained along with associated materials, equipment, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Composites Global is an engineering firm that specializes in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite systems for structural strengthening and protection. FRP involves wrapping structures like columns and beams in carbon or glass fabric and epoxy to increase their strength, durability, and blast resistance. FRP provides external reinforcement that concrete structures often lack internally. It has a 20-year history and has been used on over 20,000 projects worldwide for strengthening, seismic retrofitting, deterioration remediation, and blast protection of concrete structures like buildings, parking garages, hospitals and bridges. FRP installations are minimally disruptive, have a high strength-to-weight ratio, and provide a cost-effective strengthening solution.
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are typically made of fibers like glass, aramid, or carbon in a polyester or vinyl ester resin matrix. FRP bars are being researched to replace steel reinforcement in concrete as steel is susceptible to corrosion which reduces the lifespan of concrete structures. FRP composites are corrosion resistant, lightweight, and strong. They offer easy construction and handling and have applications in new FRP bridge decks, concrete decks with FRP rebar, and strengthening existing structures. However, FRP composites are still under testing and research as connections are difficult and the fibers cannot be easily bent in the field without losing strength. More design work is needed for this material.
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Composites Rebar Steven Tyler
Mission - Promote the use and growth of FRP reinforcement (rebar, tendons & grids) in concrete and masonry applications through development of quality procedures, industry specifications, performance standards, and field application guidelines.
http://www.bpcomposites.com/
This document discusses fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials and their use in strengthening structures. It provides definitions of composites and FRP composites. It describes the advantages of composites over traditional materials such as corrosion resistance, high strength to weight ratio, and design flexibility. The key constituents of composites are described as the resin, reinforcements, and fillers. Various resin and fiber types are discussed and compared in terms of their properties. The document outlines different manufacturing processes and how composites can be tailored for specific structural applications by adjusting variables like fiber type, orientation, and resin selection.
A composite material is made by combining two or more materials with different properties. The materials do not dissolve into each other but work together to give the composite unique properties. Composites have advantages like higher strength, lower weight, improved stiffness, and better tolerance to heat, corrosion and fatigue compared to traditional materials. Composites are classified based on the matrix and dispersed phases, and can be particle-reinforced, fiber-reinforced or structural. Fiber-reinforced composites find applications in automobiles, ships, aircrafts, electronics and more due to their tunable properties and lightweight.
Introducing the Building Materials and Technology of the Future! NHP-ECHO Ltd. will build homes, pre-engineered by our Partner, IHE – International Homes Export, California, USA, to your design. We will incorporate your ideas and dreams. And we´ll do it right, for less money and faster.
The document outlines the steps taken to build an addition with a full basement to an existing house, which included removing a corner, supporting the second level, contracting drawings and engineering, digging the basement and pouring the foundation, framing the floor, exterior, roof, and stairs, and installing windows, doors, electrical, plumbing, drywall, tape, and texture.
The document discusses various fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composite manufacturing processes. It defines FRP composites and describes common matrix materials like thermoset and thermoplastic resins. Manufacturing methods covered include hand lay-up, spray-up, resin transfer molding (RTM), filament winding, pultrusion, matched-die molding, and reaction injection molding (RIM). Each process is explained along with associated materials, equipment, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Composites Global is an engineering firm that specializes in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite systems for structural strengthening and protection. FRP involves wrapping structures like columns and beams in carbon or glass fabric and epoxy to increase their strength, durability, and blast resistance. FRP provides external reinforcement that concrete structures often lack internally. It has a 20-year history and has been used on over 20,000 projects worldwide for strengthening, seismic retrofitting, deterioration remediation, and blast protection of concrete structures like buildings, parking garages, hospitals and bridges. FRP installations are minimally disruptive, have a high strength-to-weight ratio, and provide a cost-effective strengthening solution.
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are typically made of fibers like glass, aramid, or carbon in a polyester or vinyl ester resin matrix. FRP bars are being researched to replace steel reinforcement in concrete as steel is susceptible to corrosion which reduces the lifespan of concrete structures. FRP composites are corrosion resistant, lightweight, and strong. They offer easy construction and handling and have applications in new FRP bridge decks, concrete decks with FRP rebar, and strengthening existing structures. However, FRP composites are still under testing and research as connections are difficult and the fibers cannot be easily bent in the field without losing strength. More design work is needed for this material.
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Composites Rebar Steven Tyler
Mission - Promote the use and growth of FRP reinforcement (rebar, tendons & grids) in concrete and masonry applications through development of quality procedures, industry specifications, performance standards, and field application guidelines.
http://www.bpcomposites.com/
This document discusses fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials and their use in strengthening structures. It provides definitions of composites and FRP composites. It describes the advantages of composites over traditional materials such as corrosion resistance, high strength to weight ratio, and design flexibility. The key constituents of composites are described as the resin, reinforcements, and fillers. Various resin and fiber types are discussed and compared in terms of their properties. The document outlines different manufacturing processes and how composites can be tailored for specific structural applications by adjusting variables like fiber type, orientation, and resin selection.
A composite material is made by combining two or more materials with different properties. The materials do not dissolve into each other but work together to give the composite unique properties. Composites have advantages like higher strength, lower weight, improved stiffness, and better tolerance to heat, corrosion and fatigue compared to traditional materials. Composites are classified based on the matrix and dispersed phases, and can be particle-reinforced, fiber-reinforced or structural. Fiber-reinforced composites find applications in automobiles, ships, aircrafts, electronics and more due to their tunable properties and lightweight.
FRP (fiber reinforced polymers) are a composite material made of fibers encapsulated in a polymer resin matrix. They are used for structural strengthening and repair in construction. FRP provides high tensile strength along the fiber orientation and the resin provides stability, shear strength, and bonding to the substrate. Common fiber types include carbon, glass, and aramid. FRP has advantages over conventional repair methods as it is lightweight, corrosion resistant, and can be applied in occupied spaces. Applications include seismic retrofitting of columns, beams and walls, repairing deteriorated concrete, and strengthening structures like bridges and industrial facilities. FRP installation involves surface preparation, applying primer, saturating fabric with resin, and allowing it to cure. FRP
Tabitha G presents on retrofitting existing structures using fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. FRP composites involve reinforcing fibres like carbon, glass or aramid embedded in a polymer resin matrix. Retrofitting techniques involve bonding the FRP composites to the exterior of structures to improve their strength. The process involves surface preparation, applying the FRP laminates, and curing. FRP retrofitting provides benefits like increased strength, corrosion resistance and durability. It can be used to reinforce structures in transportation, construction, marine and other fields, though specialized skills are required and it may not be suitable for all structures.
CE 72.52 - Lecture 8b - Retrofitting of RC MembersFawad Najam
This document contains a presentation by Dr. Pramin Norachan on fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) systems for strengthening concrete structures. The presentation covers flexural, shear, axial and confinement strengthening using FRP. It discusses various FRP materials, design considerations, and design equations. The key points covered include the materials and properties of FRP, how FRP is used to enhance load capacity, ductility and durability of structures, and design approaches for flexural, shear and confinement strengthening.
CE 72.52 - Lecture 8a - Retrofitting of RC MembersFawad Najam
The document outlines a presentation on retrofitting concrete structures. It discusses two approaches to retrofitting: global (system) strengthening which adds new elements to enhance stiffness, and local (element) strengthening which targets insufficient member capacities. Examples of global retrofitting mentioned include adding reinforced concrete shear walls and buckling restrained braces. Local retrofitting examples discussed are reinforcement concrete jacketing of columns and beams.
This document provides an overview of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, including common fiber and resin types, manufacturing processes, applications, and FDOT specifications and initiatives. It describes pultrusion and vacuum infusion as the predominant manufacturing processes, lists national design specifications, and outlines accepted FDOT applications such as structural shapes, reinforcing bars, prestressing strands, and bridge projects using FRP composites.
FRP is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers or particles. The reinforcing materials improve the strength and elasticity of the polymer. Fiber reinforced plastics specifically use fiber reinforcement. Common fiber types include glass, carbon, and aramid fibers. The properties of the FRP depend on the properties of the fibers and matrix, their relative volumes, fiber length and orientation. FRPs are used in applications requiring high strength, stiffness, stability and resistance to heat, chemicals and abrasion.
This document provides an overview of composite materials, including their general properties, microstructure, classifications, processing methods, applications, trade names, and availability in Pakistan. It defines composite materials as mixtures of two or more constituents that differ in form and composition and are insoluble in each other. Key points include that composites have high strength to weight ratios and corrosion/wear resistance. They are classified by reinforcement type and size or matrix material. Processing methods include hand lay-up, filament winding, vacuum bagging, and pultrusion. Applications range from boats and tanks to housing and automotive armor. Several trade names and manufacturers are listed, along with availability of composites in Pakistan through various institutes and companies.
The document discusses composites materials, which are combinations of two or more materials that have improved properties over the individual components. Composites consist of a reinforcement phase embedded in a matrix phase. Common reinforcements include fibers of glass, carbon, and ceramics, while matrix materials include polymers, metals, and ceramics. Composites have advantages like high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and design flexibility. However, they are also anisotropic, difficult to inspect, and properties can vary between points.
Composite materials are made by combining two or more materials with different properties to create a new material with unique characteristics. The document discusses the history, types, manufacturing, and applications of composite materials. It notes that composite materials are increasingly being used in industries like automotive and aerospace due to advantages like higher strength and stiffness compared to traditional materials, while remaining lightweight. New techniques like textile composites aim to lower costs and improve performance of composites.
This document discusses retrofitting techniques to strengthen existing structures against seismic activity. It describes upgrading reinforced concrete and masonry structures through methods like reinforced concrete jacketing, steel plate bonding, and adding new structural elements. Recent trends in Pakistan involve using carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites for flexural and shear strengthening. The document provides examples of retrofitting projects completed in Pakistan using these composite systems.
Presentation on considerations for seismic retrofitting. This presentation was given at the Natural Hazard Mitigation Association's annual Symposium held every July in Broomfield, Colorado.
This presentation was given by Mai (Mike) Tong of FEMA. Watch the whole presentation here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alb6V8mbJEo
Firefree 88 / The Next Generation of Fire Resistant CoatingsElisa Vivas
Firefree Coatings is a leading manufacturer of fire retardant and fire resistant coatings. Their coatings provide passive fire protection through compartmentalization without relying on mechanical systems or human response. Testing shows the coatings resist fire penetration and spread for extended periods, providing a cost-effective alternative to traditional fireproofing methods like adding drywall. The coatings see wide use in new construction and renovations for their installation ease and substantial cost savings over 40-60% compared to other options.
Energy Efficiency the Multifamily Business Strategy Craig CobbTNenergy
The document discusses Lawler Wood Housing, a developer and property management company focused on affordable housing. It has developed 55 properties with 7,785 affordable units since 1999. The document outlines Lawler Wood Housing's increased focus on energy efficiency upgrades in its redevelopments from 2010 onward, including new insulation, windows, appliances and HVAC systems. It provides case studies of three properties redeveloped with energy efficient upgrades, showing significant decreases in monthly utility allowances and expenses per unit. The upgrades provide benefits like lower utility bills for tenants, more cash flow, and ability to leverage more private funding and fewer tax credits for future deals.
Building Design and Construction FIRE 1102 – Principle.docxhartrobert670
The document discusses building design and construction for fire safety. It outlines five objectives of fire-safe design: life safety, property protection, continuity of operations, environmental protection, and historical preservation. It also describes different types of building construction including non-combustible (Type I-II) and combustible (Type III-V) structures. Testing and ratings of construction materials are discussed in relation to flame spread, smoke development, and fire resistance.
This document summarizes operational details for a large livestock production operation with the following key points:
- The operation has over 1.4 million animals marketed annually and employs over 375 people across 4 Midwest states.
- Extensive safety upgrades have been implemented across sites including new fire doors, firewalls, escape windows, generators, fire alarms and direct wiring of heat lamps.
- Generator details are provided for each site including fuel tank sizes, daily fuel usage and available run times.
- Firewall construction details are described for a building expansion including reinforced concrete barriers and electrical/utility routing.
The 2-day cycle is commonly used in New York City for residential concrete projects. Given that a floor is poured every other day, instant communication and infield coordination are key to maintain the fast paced schedule and minimize mistakes. The structural engineer needs to be fully immersed in the day-to-day construction process to ensure successful and timely completion of the project. A case study of a 600,000 square feet residential concrete flat plate building will be presented to illustrate the construction process in a 2-day cycle. The typical floor plate consisted of 58 apartments with an average floor area of 700 square feet per apartment, which resulted in congestion of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) components. As detailed coordination of the MEP trades occurred during construction, the structural engineer played a crucial role in ensuring that the placement of conduits and risers did not compromise the capacity and the integrity of the structure. Though ACI-318 provides some guidance on how to address embedded conduits and slab openings adjacent to columns and walls, the provisions were found to be insufficient when dealing with the complexities and constraints present in the project. The construction team communicated directly with the structural engineer, but a formal submittal and RFI process was also put in place for record keeping and to keep all parties informed. The case study will illustrate the common coordination problems that occur in the field, where they are likely to happen, and strategies to minimize these problems in future projects. The presentation is targeted towards structural engineers involved in building design and construction of reinforced concrete buildings. The case study and construction practices presented are from the New York City region but the ideas presented are applicable to other parts of the country. Through examination of the lessons learned, the audience can better identify potential coordination and communication issues in future projects and resolve them quickly as they arise.
This document provides an overview of a continuing education course on residential construction practices. It discusses various aspects of building a house, including foundations, framing, roofing, siding, insulation, and more. Cost estimates are provided for different stages of construction. Interactive questions are included to help attendees learn about construction defects, building codes, and energy efficient practices.
FRP (fiber reinforced polymers) are a composite material made of fibers encapsulated in a polymer resin matrix. They are used for structural strengthening and repair in construction. FRP provides high tensile strength along the fiber orientation and the resin provides stability, shear strength, and bonding to the substrate. Common fiber types include carbon, glass, and aramid. FRP has advantages over conventional repair methods as it is lightweight, corrosion resistant, and can be applied in occupied spaces. Applications include seismic retrofitting of columns, beams and walls, repairing deteriorated concrete, and strengthening structures like bridges and industrial facilities. FRP installation involves surface preparation, applying primer, saturating fabric with resin, and allowing it to cure. FRP
Tabitha G presents on retrofitting existing structures using fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. FRP composites involve reinforcing fibres like carbon, glass or aramid embedded in a polymer resin matrix. Retrofitting techniques involve bonding the FRP composites to the exterior of structures to improve their strength. The process involves surface preparation, applying the FRP laminates, and curing. FRP retrofitting provides benefits like increased strength, corrosion resistance and durability. It can be used to reinforce structures in transportation, construction, marine and other fields, though specialized skills are required and it may not be suitable for all structures.
CE 72.52 - Lecture 8b - Retrofitting of RC MembersFawad Najam
This document contains a presentation by Dr. Pramin Norachan on fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) systems for strengthening concrete structures. The presentation covers flexural, shear, axial and confinement strengthening using FRP. It discusses various FRP materials, design considerations, and design equations. The key points covered include the materials and properties of FRP, how FRP is used to enhance load capacity, ductility and durability of structures, and design approaches for flexural, shear and confinement strengthening.
CE 72.52 - Lecture 8a - Retrofitting of RC MembersFawad Najam
The document outlines a presentation on retrofitting concrete structures. It discusses two approaches to retrofitting: global (system) strengthening which adds new elements to enhance stiffness, and local (element) strengthening which targets insufficient member capacities. Examples of global retrofitting mentioned include adding reinforced concrete shear walls and buckling restrained braces. Local retrofitting examples discussed are reinforcement concrete jacketing of columns and beams.
This document provides an overview of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, including common fiber and resin types, manufacturing processes, applications, and FDOT specifications and initiatives. It describes pultrusion and vacuum infusion as the predominant manufacturing processes, lists national design specifications, and outlines accepted FDOT applications such as structural shapes, reinforcing bars, prestressing strands, and bridge projects using FRP composites.
FRP is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers or particles. The reinforcing materials improve the strength and elasticity of the polymer. Fiber reinforced plastics specifically use fiber reinforcement. Common fiber types include glass, carbon, and aramid fibers. The properties of the FRP depend on the properties of the fibers and matrix, their relative volumes, fiber length and orientation. FRPs are used in applications requiring high strength, stiffness, stability and resistance to heat, chemicals and abrasion.
This document provides an overview of composite materials, including their general properties, microstructure, classifications, processing methods, applications, trade names, and availability in Pakistan. It defines composite materials as mixtures of two or more constituents that differ in form and composition and are insoluble in each other. Key points include that composites have high strength to weight ratios and corrosion/wear resistance. They are classified by reinforcement type and size or matrix material. Processing methods include hand lay-up, filament winding, vacuum bagging, and pultrusion. Applications range from boats and tanks to housing and automotive armor. Several trade names and manufacturers are listed, along with availability of composites in Pakistan through various institutes and companies.
The document discusses composites materials, which are combinations of two or more materials that have improved properties over the individual components. Composites consist of a reinforcement phase embedded in a matrix phase. Common reinforcements include fibers of glass, carbon, and ceramics, while matrix materials include polymers, metals, and ceramics. Composites have advantages like high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and design flexibility. However, they are also anisotropic, difficult to inspect, and properties can vary between points.
Composite materials are made by combining two or more materials with different properties to create a new material with unique characteristics. The document discusses the history, types, manufacturing, and applications of composite materials. It notes that composite materials are increasingly being used in industries like automotive and aerospace due to advantages like higher strength and stiffness compared to traditional materials, while remaining lightweight. New techniques like textile composites aim to lower costs and improve performance of composites.
This document discusses retrofitting techniques to strengthen existing structures against seismic activity. It describes upgrading reinforced concrete and masonry structures through methods like reinforced concrete jacketing, steel plate bonding, and adding new structural elements. Recent trends in Pakistan involve using carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites for flexural and shear strengthening. The document provides examples of retrofitting projects completed in Pakistan using these composite systems.
Presentation on considerations for seismic retrofitting. This presentation was given at the Natural Hazard Mitigation Association's annual Symposium held every July in Broomfield, Colorado.
This presentation was given by Mai (Mike) Tong of FEMA. Watch the whole presentation here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alb6V8mbJEo
Firefree 88 / The Next Generation of Fire Resistant CoatingsElisa Vivas
Firefree Coatings is a leading manufacturer of fire retardant and fire resistant coatings. Their coatings provide passive fire protection through compartmentalization without relying on mechanical systems or human response. Testing shows the coatings resist fire penetration and spread for extended periods, providing a cost-effective alternative to traditional fireproofing methods like adding drywall. The coatings see wide use in new construction and renovations for their installation ease and substantial cost savings over 40-60% compared to other options.
Energy Efficiency the Multifamily Business Strategy Craig CobbTNenergy
The document discusses Lawler Wood Housing, a developer and property management company focused on affordable housing. It has developed 55 properties with 7,785 affordable units since 1999. The document outlines Lawler Wood Housing's increased focus on energy efficiency upgrades in its redevelopments from 2010 onward, including new insulation, windows, appliances and HVAC systems. It provides case studies of three properties redeveloped with energy efficient upgrades, showing significant decreases in monthly utility allowances and expenses per unit. The upgrades provide benefits like lower utility bills for tenants, more cash flow, and ability to leverage more private funding and fewer tax credits for future deals.
Building Design and Construction FIRE 1102 – Principle.docxhartrobert670
The document discusses building design and construction for fire safety. It outlines five objectives of fire-safe design: life safety, property protection, continuity of operations, environmental protection, and historical preservation. It also describes different types of building construction including non-combustible (Type I-II) and combustible (Type III-V) structures. Testing and ratings of construction materials are discussed in relation to flame spread, smoke development, and fire resistance.
This document summarizes operational details for a large livestock production operation with the following key points:
- The operation has over 1.4 million animals marketed annually and employs over 375 people across 4 Midwest states.
- Extensive safety upgrades have been implemented across sites including new fire doors, firewalls, escape windows, generators, fire alarms and direct wiring of heat lamps.
- Generator details are provided for each site including fuel tank sizes, daily fuel usage and available run times.
- Firewall construction details are described for a building expansion including reinforced concrete barriers and electrical/utility routing.
The 2-day cycle is commonly used in New York City for residential concrete projects. Given that a floor is poured every other day, instant communication and infield coordination are key to maintain the fast paced schedule and minimize mistakes. The structural engineer needs to be fully immersed in the day-to-day construction process to ensure successful and timely completion of the project. A case study of a 600,000 square feet residential concrete flat plate building will be presented to illustrate the construction process in a 2-day cycle. The typical floor plate consisted of 58 apartments with an average floor area of 700 square feet per apartment, which resulted in congestion of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) components. As detailed coordination of the MEP trades occurred during construction, the structural engineer played a crucial role in ensuring that the placement of conduits and risers did not compromise the capacity and the integrity of the structure. Though ACI-318 provides some guidance on how to address embedded conduits and slab openings adjacent to columns and walls, the provisions were found to be insufficient when dealing with the complexities and constraints present in the project. The construction team communicated directly with the structural engineer, but a formal submittal and RFI process was also put in place for record keeping and to keep all parties informed. The case study will illustrate the common coordination problems that occur in the field, where they are likely to happen, and strategies to minimize these problems in future projects. The presentation is targeted towards structural engineers involved in building design and construction of reinforced concrete buildings. The case study and construction practices presented are from the New York City region but the ideas presented are applicable to other parts of the country. Through examination of the lessons learned, the audience can better identify potential coordination and communication issues in future projects and resolve them quickly as they arise.
This document provides an overview of a continuing education course on residential construction practices. It discusses various aspects of building a house, including foundations, framing, roofing, siding, insulation, and more. Cost estimates are provided for different stages of construction. Interactive questions are included to help attendees learn about construction defects, building codes, and energy efficient practices.
Similar to Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes (7)
2. Why Strengthen the Codes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
Regency Apartments
Guilderland, NY
•January 31, 2016
•Older Type V Construction
•Built with masonry
concrete fire barriers
•No Sprinklers
•Fully occupied
•6 units destroyed
•Displaced 13 residents;
3. Why Strengthen the Codes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
Avalon at Edgewater
Edgewater, NJ
•January 21, 2015
•Type V Construction
•Sprinkled with NFPA 13R
•Fully occupied
•240 units destroyed
•Displaced 1000 residents;
500 permanently
4. Cliff Avenue Apartments
Wayne, NJ
•November 18, 2014
•Type V Construction
•Fire was started by
explosion in a building
under construction
•It spread to 2 adjacent
buildings destroying the top
floor (24 units) in one of
them.
•An entire city block was
evacuated
Why Strengthen the Codes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
5. Brittany Chase
Wayne, NJ
•July 11, 2011
•Type V Construction
•Sprinkled with NFPA 13R
•Fully occupied
•24 units destroyed
•Displaced dozens of
residents permanently
Why Strengthen the Codes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
6. Marshall Square Retirement
Resort, Evans, GA
•June 2, 2015
•Type V Construction
•Sprinkled with NFPA 13R
•Fully Occupied
•1 resident death
•100 apartments and 48
garden units destroyed.
Why Strengthen the Codes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
7. Riverwalk at Millennium,
Conshohocken, PA
•August 2008
•Type V Construction
•Sprinkled with NFPA 13R
•Fully Occupied
•90 Residents displaced
Why Strengthen the Codes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
8. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Keeping people and 1st responders safe
• Multi-Family Housing (R-2) in NYS Today
• Hotels and Motels (R-1) in NYS Today
• ASTM E-119 Test standard for fire rating
• Noncombustible vs combustible fire rated
assemblies
• Sprinklers – NFPA 13 vs 13R
• Life Safety vs Property Protection
• What’s the cost of a life (Non-combustible vs
combustible construction)
• Balanced Fire Safety Design
• What can I do to help strengthen the codes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
9. Keeping 1st Responders Safe
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building
Standards and Codes
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
110,000
120,000
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Firefighters Injuries
Source: Fire Loss in the United States 2014,Hylton J.G. Haynes, NFPA, September 2015 and previous reports in the series;
Firefighter Fatalities in the United States, Rita F. Fahy, Paul R. LeBlanc, Joseph L. Molis, NFPA, June 2015 and previous reports in the series;
U.S. Firefighter Injuries, Hylton J.G. Haynes., Joseph L. Molis, NFPA, November 2015 and previous reports in the series.
Updated 1/16
10. Keeping 1st Responders Safe
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building
Standards and Codes
Source: Fire Loss in the United States 2014,Hylton J.G. Haynes, NFPA, September 2015 and previous reports in the series;
Firefighter Fatalities in the United States, Rita F. Fahy, Paul R. LeBlanc, Joseph L. Molis, NFPA, June 2015 and previous reports in the series;
U.S. Firefighter Injuries, Hylton J.G. Haynes., Joseph L. Molis, NFPA, November 2015 and previous reports in the series.
Updated 1/16
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Firefighters deaths
11. Keeping 1st Responders Safe
• On the average, it can take 6-8 minutes
for firefighters to arrive on the scene of a
fire.
• With today’s fast growth wood, Type V
Construction are consumed 8X faster
than the legacy structures built 30 years
ago.
• The fire develops at an alarming rate.
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building
Standards and Codes
12. Question #1
• With today’s fast growth wood, Type V
Construction is consumed how much
faster than the legacy structures built 30
years ago?
• Answer - 8X faster
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
13. Keeping 1st Responders Safe
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building
Standards and Codes
Legacy rooms – 29:25 mins. Modern rooms – 3:40 mins.
14. Question #2
How much more time does occupants and 1st
Responders have with legacy rooms vs.
modern rooms before flashover occurs?
About 25 minutes
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
15. Multi-Family Housing (R-2) and
Hotels (R-1) in New York State Today
• Type V Construction
• All wood structure including engineered trusses
• Fire Walls and Barriers
• Firewalls consisting of combustible material
• 13R Sprinklers
• No protection in combustible concealed spaces, attics and
closets
• Up to 6 Stories in Height (70 feet)
• 4 stories built on a 2 story pedestal
• Block Size Buildings
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
16. • Gives a fire-resistance rating for the endurance period and
assigns an hourly fire-resistance rating.
• E-119 Test method is approximately 100 years old
• The test assembly is placed under the following temperature
conditions with exposure at:
• 1550 F at 1/2 hour
• 1700 F at 1 hour
• 1850 F at 2 hours
• 1960 F at 3 hours
• 2000 F at 4 hours
• Test specimens can add to the test temperature.
• Hose Stream test.
ASTM E-119
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
17. Noncombustible
materials:
• Concrete Block
• All types Concrete
• Stone masonry
• Clay masonry
• Cement
plaster/stucco
• Ceramic tile
• Steel
Combustible
materials:
• Dimensional
Lumber
• Forest
Products
• Plastics
• Synthetic
Materials
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
Non-Combustible vs Combustible
18. • Non-Combustible rated wall: Will not aid
in combustion or add appreciable heat to
an actual fire situation.
• Combustible Wall: One by the very
nature of its construction, will add to the
expected fire load, in a fire scenario, by
burning along with other contents in the
actual fire.
Non-Combustible vs Combustible
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
19. Typical
Noncombustible
Fire-Rated
Assemblies
• Single and double
wythe masonry
• Pre-cast concrete
• Cast concrete
• Steel framing with
gyp board, cement
board
Typical
Combustible
Fire-Rated
Assemblies
• Wood stud
framing with
gypsum board
• Any other
assembly not
passing ASTM
E136
Non-Combustible vs Combustible
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
20. • Noncombustible Fire rated
assemblies :
• Do not add to the fire load.
• Do not contain concealed
combustible spaces
• Contains fire to its area of origin.
Fire Rated Assemblies
Noncombustible vs Combustible
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
21. Fire Resistance
Rees Hall Dormitory
Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, NY
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
22. Apartment Building in Framingham MA
Fire Resistance
Fire was contained to the individual room
Room was cleaned and repainted.
No other Damage to Building
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
23. Sprinklers
NFPA 13 vs 13R
•NFPA 13 sprinkler systems are designed
for life and property protection. Sprinkler
protection is required within occupied areas
and combustible concealed areas, with
exceptions.
•NFPA 13R sprinkler systems are designed
to protect occupants and only required
within occupied areas.
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
24. What’s the Cost of a Life
Fire Safe Construction Cost Comparison Study
Prepared by Haas Architects Engineers
A model multifamily structure was designed, then reviewed for Code
Compliance and cost estimates were prepared for the same building
comparing seven different non-combustible building systems.
The building model was a 4 story structure encompassing
approximately 25,000 gross square feet of building area per floor.
Two different floor layouts were used to evaluate each building.
•One was comprised of all single bedroom dwelling units
•One of a mix of one and two bedroom units.
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
25. Fire Safe Construction Cost
Comparison Study
The construction types included:
•CWF - Conventional wood framing with wood floor system.
•LGS - Light gauge steel framing with cast-in-place concrete floor
system on metal deck
•M/PP M/CIP- Load bearing concrete masonry construction with
precast concrete plank floor system
•P - Precast concrete walls and precast concrete floor system
•ICF - Insulated concrete form wall and precast concrete plank
floor system
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
26. 2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building
Standards and Codes
•Prevailing rate
•Everything included but moveable appliances and furniture
•Steel stud partitions
•Wood stud partitions
•Applicable seismic requirements
•Fire sprinklers NFPA 13R
•Base line cost of 100 represented by wood frame model
•The average cost to move from the conventional wood framing
to a building with non-combustible construction was 5.5%.
•In some cities certain non-combustible systems cost as little as
1 to 3% more.
Cost Estimation Components
Fire Safe Construction Cost
Comparison Sturdy
27. Fire Safe Construction Cost Comparison Study
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
Relative Cost
CWF-Single
MPCP - Single
PCC - Single
LGS - Single
CWF - Mixed
MPCP - Mixed
PCC - Mixed
LGS - Mixed
Albany, NY
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
28. Fire Safe Construction Cost Comparison Study
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
Relative Cost
CWF-Single
MPCP - Single
PCC - Single
LGS - Single
CWF - Mixed
MPCP - Mixed
PCC - Mixed
LGS - Mixed
Framingham, MA
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
29. Fire Safe Construction Cost Comparison Study
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
Relative Cost
CWF-Single
MPCP - Single
PCC - Single
LGS - Single
CWF - Mixed
MPCP - Mixed
PCC - Mixed
LGS - Mixed
Harrisburg, PA
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
30. Fire Safe Construction Cost Comparison Study
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
Relative Cost
CWF-Single
MPCP - Single
PCC - Single
LGS - Single
CWF - Mixed
MPCP - Mixed
PCC - Mixed
LGS - Mixed
Towson, MD
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
31. Fire Safe Construction Cost Comparison Study
•Base on construction cost estimates that were seen in the
previous slides, the cost associated with a compartmentalized
construction method utilizing a concrete based material was <5%
of overall project cost.
•The minimal increase of construction can be easily paid for over
the life of the structure.
•Materials like concrete masonry, precast concrete, and cast-in-
place concrete have many other advantages such as:
•Resistance to mold growth
•Resistance to damage from vandalism
•Minimal damage caused by water and fire in the event of a
fire in the building.
•Compartmentalization provides for reduce cleanup costs and
quicker reoccupation of structure.
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
32. Answer to Question #3
What are the standard test methods for fire tests of building
construction materials?
A. ASTM C-90
B. ASTM D-1557
C. ASTM E-119
D. UL-263
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
C. ASTM E-119 & D. UL-263
33. Question #4
Which is NOT a non-combustible firewall/ fire barrier?
A. Single and double wythe masonry
B. Wood stud framing with gypsum board
C. Pre-cast concrete
D. Cast concrete
E. Steel framing with gyp board, cement board
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes
B. Wood stud framing with gypsum board
35. How can I keep NYS Citizens Safe?
Ask the Experts
•Nick Carparelli, LEED Green Associate, Executive Director
NYS Concrete Masonry Association
•Jerry Deluca, Executive Director & CEO
NY State Association of Fire Chiefs
Jay Hall, Manager-Codes and Standards
Portland Cement Association
•Keith Lashway, PE, FNSPE, FSAME, Director of Industry
Development and Technical Services
International Masonry Institute
•Rita L. Seraderian, P.E., FPCI, LEED AP, Executive Director
Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute Northeast
•Lizette Strait, LEED Green Associate, Marketing Assistant
PCA Northeast Region
2016 E Week - Strengthening NYS Building Standards and Codes