Block ciphers encrypt data in fixed-size blocks, while stream ciphers encrypt individual bits or bytes. Stream ciphers are generally faster than block ciphers but are more difficult to implement securely. Block ciphers are better for known data sizes like files, while stream ciphers are better for unknown or continuous data like network streams. The document discusses the advantages and disadvantages of stream and block ciphers, including that stream ciphers encrypt individually while block ciphers encrypt blocks, and that errors affect entire blocks for block ciphers but only individual pieces for stream ciphers.

1. Stream versus block ciphers
Jeevan Sai Krishna Gadiparthi
University of Fairfax
05/24/2022

2. A block cipher is a flexible calculation which executes a key-subordinate stage of values which are successions of
a proper number of pieces (called "blocks"). It tends to be utilized for different jobs in numerous sorts of
cryptographic conventions. Block Ciphers sepulchers the plain text information a block at a time with a similar
change (in light of the key).
A stream cipher is a particular calculation with the end goal of mass encryption of long surges of information.
That's what the thought is, by relinquishing the flexibility of the block cipher, it would be feasible to make a more
effective calculation (for example something which encodes information quicker).
Introduction

3. • Stream ciphers encrypt the slightest bit or byte at a time while block figures work on pieces/blocks of information at a
time.
• Stream ciphers are quicker than block.
• Block ciphers normally require more memory.
• Stream ciphers are more hard to accurately carry out.
• Assuming that you mess up one piece of the information in a block ciphers, all things considered, you lose the entire
block, not at all like stream ciphers where each digit, byte or singe is encoded all alone.
• Stream ciphers are typically utilized where how much information is obscure or perhaps ceaseless (consider networks),
while block ciphers are great to known measures of information like (for example, documents).
Advantages and disadvantages of stream versus block ciphers

4. In some modes, the plaintext does not pass through the encryption function,
but is XORed with the output of the encryption function. For decryption in
these cases, the encryption function must also be used .
Block cipher modes of operation only use encryption while
others use both encryption and decryption

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