This document outlines the education policy of Pakistan between 1972-1980. It aims to make education free and universal up to class 10, eradicate illiteracy, and shift the focus towards science and technical education to meet the needs of the nation. Key goals included increasing enrollment at all levels, especially for women and underprivileged groups; integrating general and technical education; expanding teacher training programs to meet growing demand; and establishing new universities across the country. The policy aimed to reform and develop the educational system to promote national cohesion and prepare Pakistani youth for the future.
Head master duties and responsibilitiesFousiya O P
The document discusses the key roles and responsibilities of a headmaster or principal at a school. It states that the headmaster is the most important leader at the school and acts as the central figure that oversees all administration, teaching, and activities. The document outlines the headmaster's responsibilities as shaping an academic vision, creating a supportive learning environment, developing leadership in other teachers, improving instruction, and managing resources to facilitate school improvement. It also lists qualities that an effective headmaster should possess such as being dedicated, fair, socially skilled, and able to cultivate leadership in others.
A curriculum is the combination of instructional practices, learning experiences, and students' performance assessment that are designed to bring out and evaluate the target learning outcomes of a particular course.
Curriculum development is a process of improving the curriculum. Approaches for curricula:
Analysis
Selecting
Formation
Review
Curriculum development is significant because it
Takes contents and shapes into plan for effective teaching and learning
Provide a map to achieve outputs
Provide appropriate learning activities and assessments
secondary education
In British India, the structure and curricula of secondary education were mandated by British colonial rule
After independence, Pakistan then developed its own Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) which were tasked with developing and conducting final examinations at the ends of grades 9 to 12
Admission requires completion of middle school
Consists of two years education (grades 9 and 10) followed by two years of higher-secondary education
Compulsory subjects include Urdu, English, Islamic education (civics for non-Muslim students), and Pakistan studies along with both required and elective courses in the specific stream.
The exams are conducted by one of the Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE).
Curriculum Domain at Secondary Level\
According to the Constitution of Pakistan, curriculum development is the domain of the federal government.
Curriculum development up to intermediate level is the responsibility of the Curriculum Wing of the Ministry of Education.
Textbooks are developed by the provincial Textbook Boards strictly in accordance with the curriculum developed by the committees.
Developed after extensive analysis of the previous curriculum in order to bring desired changes in teaching and learning.
Assessment patterns (development and evaluation ) together with recommendations for teacher training were included in the curriculum
The document discusses examination systems in Pakistan and recommendations to improve it. It reviews Pakistan's education policies since 1947 which highlighted issues with the existing examination system, such as it being dominated by examinations and encouraging memorization. It also discusses views of national experts on reforming various aspects of the examination process, such as the schedule, conduct, question papers, assessment of answer scripts, and tabulation of results. The goal is to establish a valid, reliable and fair examination system aligned with educational goals.
Effective teaching results in desirable behavioral changes in students and allows them to learn independently. It involves explaining concepts to students through personal example. The key characteristics of effective teachers are that they understand learning must occur, are committed to continuous self-improvement, and show genuine interest in students' success. Other characteristics include being positive, communicative, dependable, organized, motivated, compassionate, flexible, perceptive of individual students, and knowledgeable in their subject matter.
Curriculum Development Process in Pakistannaimaumer
The Federal Ministry of Education is responsible for curriculum development in Pakistan. The process begins with the formation of a national curriculum committee by the Federal Curriculum Wing. This committee prepares a preliminary national curriculum draft which is then sent to provincial bureaus of curriculum and other agencies. The provincial bureaus then form their own provincial curriculums. The Federal Curriculum Wing consolidates feedback and finalizes the National Curricula. Textbooks are then published by provincial textbook boards and the curriculum is implemented nationwide.
This document discusses the issue of medium of instruction in Pakistan. It outlines the history of different mediums used, including Urdu, English, and local languages. It analyzes the merits and demerits of each option and considers factors like national integrity, access to education, and employment opportunities. While mother tongue education has benefits for understanding, it may threaten national unity. English provides access to international knowledge but places strain on students and doesn't reflect local culture. Ultimately, the document concludes that promoting the national language Urdu as the medium of instruction could help progress without relying on English, citing examples from other countries.
this PPT, presents Islamic System of Education in detail. those people who wants to know concept of Education in Islam, importance of education in Islam and so on. It covers various topics related to it.
This document outlines the education policy of Pakistan between 1972-1980. It aims to make education free and universal up to class 10, eradicate illiteracy, and shift the focus towards science and technical education to meet the needs of the nation. Key goals included increasing enrollment at all levels, especially for women and underprivileged groups; integrating general and technical education; expanding teacher training programs to meet growing demand; and establishing new universities across the country. The policy aimed to reform and develop the educational system to promote national cohesion and prepare Pakistani youth for the future.
Head master duties and responsibilitiesFousiya O P
The document discusses the key roles and responsibilities of a headmaster or principal at a school. It states that the headmaster is the most important leader at the school and acts as the central figure that oversees all administration, teaching, and activities. The document outlines the headmaster's responsibilities as shaping an academic vision, creating a supportive learning environment, developing leadership in other teachers, improving instruction, and managing resources to facilitate school improvement. It also lists qualities that an effective headmaster should possess such as being dedicated, fair, socially skilled, and able to cultivate leadership in others.
A curriculum is the combination of instructional practices, learning experiences, and students' performance assessment that are designed to bring out and evaluate the target learning outcomes of a particular course.
Curriculum development is a process of improving the curriculum. Approaches for curricula:
Analysis
Selecting
Formation
Review
Curriculum development is significant because it
Takes contents and shapes into plan for effective teaching and learning
Provide a map to achieve outputs
Provide appropriate learning activities and assessments
secondary education
In British India, the structure and curricula of secondary education were mandated by British colonial rule
After independence, Pakistan then developed its own Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) which were tasked with developing and conducting final examinations at the ends of grades 9 to 12
Admission requires completion of middle school
Consists of two years education (grades 9 and 10) followed by two years of higher-secondary education
Compulsory subjects include Urdu, English, Islamic education (civics for non-Muslim students), and Pakistan studies along with both required and elective courses in the specific stream.
The exams are conducted by one of the Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE).
Curriculum Domain at Secondary Level\
According to the Constitution of Pakistan, curriculum development is the domain of the federal government.
Curriculum development up to intermediate level is the responsibility of the Curriculum Wing of the Ministry of Education.
Textbooks are developed by the provincial Textbook Boards strictly in accordance with the curriculum developed by the committees.
Developed after extensive analysis of the previous curriculum in order to bring desired changes in teaching and learning.
Assessment patterns (development and evaluation ) together with recommendations for teacher training were included in the curriculum
The document discusses examination systems in Pakistan and recommendations to improve it. It reviews Pakistan's education policies since 1947 which highlighted issues with the existing examination system, such as it being dominated by examinations and encouraging memorization. It also discusses views of national experts on reforming various aspects of the examination process, such as the schedule, conduct, question papers, assessment of answer scripts, and tabulation of results. The goal is to establish a valid, reliable and fair examination system aligned with educational goals.
Effective teaching results in desirable behavioral changes in students and allows them to learn independently. It involves explaining concepts to students through personal example. The key characteristics of effective teachers are that they understand learning must occur, are committed to continuous self-improvement, and show genuine interest in students' success. Other characteristics include being positive, communicative, dependable, organized, motivated, compassionate, flexible, perceptive of individual students, and knowledgeable in their subject matter.
Curriculum Development Process in Pakistannaimaumer
The Federal Ministry of Education is responsible for curriculum development in Pakistan. The process begins with the formation of a national curriculum committee by the Federal Curriculum Wing. This committee prepares a preliminary national curriculum draft which is then sent to provincial bureaus of curriculum and other agencies. The provincial bureaus then form their own provincial curriculums. The Federal Curriculum Wing consolidates feedback and finalizes the National Curricula. Textbooks are then published by provincial textbook boards and the curriculum is implemented nationwide.
This document discusses the issue of medium of instruction in Pakistan. It outlines the history of different mediums used, including Urdu, English, and local languages. It analyzes the merits and demerits of each option and considers factors like national integrity, access to education, and employment opportunities. While mother tongue education has benefits for understanding, it may threaten national unity. English provides access to international knowledge but places strain on students and doesn't reflect local culture. Ultimately, the document concludes that promoting the national language Urdu as the medium of instruction could help progress without relying on English, citing examples from other countries.
this PPT, presents Islamic System of Education in detail. those people who wants to know concept of Education in Islam, importance of education in Islam and so on. It covers various topics related to it.
PROBLEMS, ISSUES and TRENDS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION OF PAKISTANR.A Duhdra
The secondary education is the most defectives stage in our entire educational organization and it needs urgently a thorough examination and complete reorientation . Defect cannot be overlooked that during the period of secondary education the young boys and girls of the country are exploited by individuals and groups and their energies, instead of being utilized into worthy social purposes, are harnessed to destructive activities.
Aims, goals, objectives and brief history of Curriculum In Pakistan, Taxonomi...UmairaNasim
This document discusses the aims, goals, and objectives of curriculum development. It begins by defining curriculum as a set of planned activities and instructions with goals and objectives. It then defines aims as general statements that provide direction, goals as more specific purposes with outcomes in mind, and objectives as the most specific levels of expected educational outcomes. The document outlines various taxonomies of educational objectives, including Bloom's taxonomy of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. It discusses the history of curriculum development in Pakistan, including various commissions and policies that have shaped the education system since 1947.
This document discusses the relationship between education and economic conditions. It makes three key points:
1) Education plays an important role in economic growth by improving skills, competency, and productivity, which are important factors of human capital. A country's economy depends on its natural resources and human capital.
2) Higher education should be viewed as a pathway to wealth creation. Educated people are better able to use resources and increase a country's wealth.
3) Educational institutions produce skilled workers to fuel an economy. Education starts from birth and continues through life, and different governments in Pakistan have taken steps to improve education quality.
Unit 9 problems and issues in pakistani educationAsima shahzadi
The document discusses several issues and problems within Pakistan's education system. It outlines major problems such as lack of facilities and resources in schools, especially in rural areas. Teacher absenteeism is also an issue that encourages dropout rates. Other issues discussed include the role of the English language, universal primary education goals not being achieved, low literacy rates, lack of political will for reform, and issues with female education participation. The document provides overview of these key challenges within Pakistan's education system.
The Higher Education Commission (HEC) is Pakistan's independent higher education policy and accreditation body. It was established in 2002 through a constitutional amendment to develop and regulate higher education, grant scholarships, and build a knowledge-based economy. HEC oversees funding, regulation, and accreditation of universities, and works to improve access to quality higher education. It also focuses on research development and increasing the global competitiveness of Pakistani universities.
Pakistan and malaysia education systemsobia sultan
The document compares the educational systems of Pakistan and Malaysia. It provides background information on each country and outlines their objectives, curriculum, teaching methodologies, administration/finances, language policies, teacher education, and educational structures. Key factors that influence education are also discussed, including geography, economy, race, society, and religion. Overall, the document comprehensively examines and contrasts several aspects of the primary, secondary, and higher education systems between Pakistan and Malaysia.
The document summarizes the objectives and key aspects of secondary education in Pakistan according to various national plans and policies. The Sixth Five Year Plan from 1983-1988 aimed to increase literacy rates and school enrollment. Major components included utilizing mosques for early classes, expanding school buildings, introducing mixed enrollment, and increasing teachers. The national education policies of 1979 and 1998-2010 sought to make Islamic principles part of curricula and expand equitable access to secondary education.
EDUCATIONAL POLICY OF PAKISTAN (1998 – 2010)Aqil Jogi
The National Education Policy 1998-2010 had several goals:
1. To align education with the teachings of Islam and train students as practicing Muslims.
2. To increase literacy rates to 55% within 5 years and 70% by 2010.
3. To enroll 90% of children aged 5-9 in elementary school by 2002-2003 and improve education quality.
4. To increase secondary school participation from 31% to 48% by 2002-2003 through new programs and textbooks.
A learning environment includes the physical space of the classroom as well as the social dynamics and classroom management procedures. It should have clear rules for organization, participation, and interaction. Creating an effective learning environment requires an understanding of classroom management and how to meet the needs of diverse students. Teachers should build relationships with students, have high expectations, use non-verbal cues, be consistent, be assertive, utilize resources, use restorative justice approaches, and ensure school-wide consistency in behavior expectations. They should also observe their classroom interactions closely to ensure all students can participate and avoid stereotyping students.
Management Structure & Communication in Schooluniprint
This document discusses management structures and communication in schools. It describes the typical management arrangements in schools, including boards of governors, estates and services advisory groups, and directorates. It also discusses concepts like collective responsibility, the roles of senior management teams and deputy heads, the art of delegation, appraisal criteria, and preparing for and recording meetings in schools.
Unit 5 educational administration in pakistanAsima shahzadi
The document discusses the education system in Pakistan. It outlines the structure of the Ministry of Education and its various departments at the federal and provincial levels. These include departments focused on planning, curriculum development, administration of educational institutions, educational research, and teacher training. The Ministry of Education oversees supervision of the education system, reviews standards, formulates policies and plans, and develops curriculum. The provincial education departments handle planning, administration, direction, coordination, budgeting, and supervision of educational programs. The document also lists various educational organizations, commissions, and directorates that operate under this system.
Topic: Factors in Test Administration
Student Name: Afsheen Memon
Class: M.Ed
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
The document discusses the importance of maintaining accurate and organized classroom records. It outlines different types of records teachers should keep, such as checklists, anecdotal notes, class record charts, subject portfolios, writing portfolios, and assessment folders. The document provides tips for establishing an effective classroom records system, including color-coding materials, storing items in binders and boxes, assigning student numbers, using online gradebooks, and creating seating charts. Well-organized classroom records help teachers understand their students, provide suitable learning activities, and develop periodic reports.
Education in different periods and societiesmaria rida
This document discusses education in different periods and societies. It covers contemporary issues and trends in education as the topic. It is addressed to a respected teacher at a university discussing this subject matter.
Topic: Reporting to Stakeholders
Student Name: Siraj ul-Haque
Class: B.Ed. Hons Elementary Part (II)
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
The headmaster is the key leader and overseer of the school. As the educational leader, the headmaster holds the most important position in the school and is responsible for both administration and supervision of teaching staff. The headmaster shapes the vision and culture of the school, ensuring safety, cooperation and improving instruction. They are responsible for managing teachers, data and the overall teaching and learning process to drive school improvement.
education policies and development in pakistan 1947 to 2009Rashna Asif
This presentation is all about the education policies and development that implement or not implement in Pakistan. all the policies discuss briefly. in this ppt slides, all policies from 1947 to 2009 discuss briefly.
Curriculum Reforms in Pakistan....You may visit my channel for more updates:
http://fixit.buysellclone.com/ visit this and click subscribe...
thank you
This document provides guidance for teachers on developing and implementing effective student centers in the classroom. It outlines several key elements of pre-planning including forming flexible student groups based on assessment, identifying appropriate center activities based on assessment, and designing a center management system. It provides guidelines for grouping students and identifying activities, and stresses the importance of modeling procedures, establishing accountability, and consistently monitoring students. The overall message is that using data to plan targeted centers, clearly establishing expectations, and closely supervising students can help centers run smoothly and support learning.
Classroom management is an important skill for teachers to develop in order to create a positive learning environment. Effective classroom management techniques include establishing rules and procedures to minimize disruptions and maximize instructional time. This allows teachers to develop relationships with students and engage them in learning. Strong, positive relationships between teachers and students can reduce behavioral issues and improve academic performance. Classroom management is particularly important for elementary teachers to encourage engagement from students in the afternoon who may be tired and restless. Using reward systems can help motivate student participation.
PROBLEMS, ISSUES and TRENDS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION OF PAKISTANR.A Duhdra
The secondary education is the most defectives stage in our entire educational organization and it needs urgently a thorough examination and complete reorientation . Defect cannot be overlooked that during the period of secondary education the young boys and girls of the country are exploited by individuals and groups and their energies, instead of being utilized into worthy social purposes, are harnessed to destructive activities.
Aims, goals, objectives and brief history of Curriculum In Pakistan, Taxonomi...UmairaNasim
This document discusses the aims, goals, and objectives of curriculum development. It begins by defining curriculum as a set of planned activities and instructions with goals and objectives. It then defines aims as general statements that provide direction, goals as more specific purposes with outcomes in mind, and objectives as the most specific levels of expected educational outcomes. The document outlines various taxonomies of educational objectives, including Bloom's taxonomy of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. It discusses the history of curriculum development in Pakistan, including various commissions and policies that have shaped the education system since 1947.
This document discusses the relationship between education and economic conditions. It makes three key points:
1) Education plays an important role in economic growth by improving skills, competency, and productivity, which are important factors of human capital. A country's economy depends on its natural resources and human capital.
2) Higher education should be viewed as a pathway to wealth creation. Educated people are better able to use resources and increase a country's wealth.
3) Educational institutions produce skilled workers to fuel an economy. Education starts from birth and continues through life, and different governments in Pakistan have taken steps to improve education quality.
Unit 9 problems and issues in pakistani educationAsima shahzadi
The document discusses several issues and problems within Pakistan's education system. It outlines major problems such as lack of facilities and resources in schools, especially in rural areas. Teacher absenteeism is also an issue that encourages dropout rates. Other issues discussed include the role of the English language, universal primary education goals not being achieved, low literacy rates, lack of political will for reform, and issues with female education participation. The document provides overview of these key challenges within Pakistan's education system.
The Higher Education Commission (HEC) is Pakistan's independent higher education policy and accreditation body. It was established in 2002 through a constitutional amendment to develop and regulate higher education, grant scholarships, and build a knowledge-based economy. HEC oversees funding, regulation, and accreditation of universities, and works to improve access to quality higher education. It also focuses on research development and increasing the global competitiveness of Pakistani universities.
Pakistan and malaysia education systemsobia sultan
The document compares the educational systems of Pakistan and Malaysia. It provides background information on each country and outlines their objectives, curriculum, teaching methodologies, administration/finances, language policies, teacher education, and educational structures. Key factors that influence education are also discussed, including geography, economy, race, society, and religion. Overall, the document comprehensively examines and contrasts several aspects of the primary, secondary, and higher education systems between Pakistan and Malaysia.
The document summarizes the objectives and key aspects of secondary education in Pakistan according to various national plans and policies. The Sixth Five Year Plan from 1983-1988 aimed to increase literacy rates and school enrollment. Major components included utilizing mosques for early classes, expanding school buildings, introducing mixed enrollment, and increasing teachers. The national education policies of 1979 and 1998-2010 sought to make Islamic principles part of curricula and expand equitable access to secondary education.
EDUCATIONAL POLICY OF PAKISTAN (1998 – 2010)Aqil Jogi
The National Education Policy 1998-2010 had several goals:
1. To align education with the teachings of Islam and train students as practicing Muslims.
2. To increase literacy rates to 55% within 5 years and 70% by 2010.
3. To enroll 90% of children aged 5-9 in elementary school by 2002-2003 and improve education quality.
4. To increase secondary school participation from 31% to 48% by 2002-2003 through new programs and textbooks.
A learning environment includes the physical space of the classroom as well as the social dynamics and classroom management procedures. It should have clear rules for organization, participation, and interaction. Creating an effective learning environment requires an understanding of classroom management and how to meet the needs of diverse students. Teachers should build relationships with students, have high expectations, use non-verbal cues, be consistent, be assertive, utilize resources, use restorative justice approaches, and ensure school-wide consistency in behavior expectations. They should also observe their classroom interactions closely to ensure all students can participate and avoid stereotyping students.
Management Structure & Communication in Schooluniprint
This document discusses management structures and communication in schools. It describes the typical management arrangements in schools, including boards of governors, estates and services advisory groups, and directorates. It also discusses concepts like collective responsibility, the roles of senior management teams and deputy heads, the art of delegation, appraisal criteria, and preparing for and recording meetings in schools.
Unit 5 educational administration in pakistanAsima shahzadi
The document discusses the education system in Pakistan. It outlines the structure of the Ministry of Education and its various departments at the federal and provincial levels. These include departments focused on planning, curriculum development, administration of educational institutions, educational research, and teacher training. The Ministry of Education oversees supervision of the education system, reviews standards, formulates policies and plans, and develops curriculum. The provincial education departments handle planning, administration, direction, coordination, budgeting, and supervision of educational programs. The document also lists various educational organizations, commissions, and directorates that operate under this system.
Topic: Factors in Test Administration
Student Name: Afsheen Memon
Class: M.Ed
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
The document discusses the importance of maintaining accurate and organized classroom records. It outlines different types of records teachers should keep, such as checklists, anecdotal notes, class record charts, subject portfolios, writing portfolios, and assessment folders. The document provides tips for establishing an effective classroom records system, including color-coding materials, storing items in binders and boxes, assigning student numbers, using online gradebooks, and creating seating charts. Well-organized classroom records help teachers understand their students, provide suitable learning activities, and develop periodic reports.
Education in different periods and societiesmaria rida
This document discusses education in different periods and societies. It covers contemporary issues and trends in education as the topic. It is addressed to a respected teacher at a university discussing this subject matter.
Topic: Reporting to Stakeholders
Student Name: Siraj ul-Haque
Class: B.Ed. Hons Elementary Part (II)
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
The headmaster is the key leader and overseer of the school. As the educational leader, the headmaster holds the most important position in the school and is responsible for both administration and supervision of teaching staff. The headmaster shapes the vision and culture of the school, ensuring safety, cooperation and improving instruction. They are responsible for managing teachers, data and the overall teaching and learning process to drive school improvement.
education policies and development in pakistan 1947 to 2009Rashna Asif
This presentation is all about the education policies and development that implement or not implement in Pakistan. all the policies discuss briefly. in this ppt slides, all policies from 1947 to 2009 discuss briefly.
Curriculum Reforms in Pakistan....You may visit my channel for more updates:
http://fixit.buysellclone.com/ visit this and click subscribe...
thank you
This document provides guidance for teachers on developing and implementing effective student centers in the classroom. It outlines several key elements of pre-planning including forming flexible student groups based on assessment, identifying appropriate center activities based on assessment, and designing a center management system. It provides guidelines for grouping students and identifying activities, and stresses the importance of modeling procedures, establishing accountability, and consistently monitoring students. The overall message is that using data to plan targeted centers, clearly establishing expectations, and closely supervising students can help centers run smoothly and support learning.
Classroom management is an important skill for teachers to develop in order to create a positive learning environment. Effective classroom management techniques include establishing rules and procedures to minimize disruptions and maximize instructional time. This allows teachers to develop relationships with students and engage them in learning. Strong, positive relationships between teachers and students can reduce behavioral issues and improve academic performance. Classroom management is particularly important for elementary teachers to encourage engagement from students in the afternoon who may be tired and restless. Using reward systems can help motivate student participation.
9.11.09 Instructional Review Elements With Indicators 08 03 09Lee Kolbert
The document outlines elements and indicators for an instructional review of differentiated accountability in Florida schools. It covers 10 areas: classroom culture and environment; instructional tools and materials; lesson planning and delivery; higher order questioning and discourse; student engagement; rigorous tasks and assessments; differentiated instruction; cross-content reading and writing instruction; Florida's continuous improvement model; and school and district leadership. Each area contains multiple detailed indicators that instructional staff and leadership are expected to meet.
This document discusses elements of effective classroom management. It identifies several key components, including establishing clear rules and behavioral guidelines, organizing the physical classroom, developing an instructional schedule, tailoring teaching methods to students, and maintaining open communication. Effective classroom management allows teachers to maximize instructional time and ensure students are actively engaged in learning.
This document discusses incentive systems used to motivate and reward employee performance. It defines incentives as compensation beyond normal expectations that motivates employees. The goals of incentives are motivation, retention, cost savings, and goal achievement. There are three types of incentive systems: individual incentives that directly link rewards to individual performance using methods like piecework and commissions; group incentives that link rewards to group performance; and organizational incentives that link rewards to overall organization performance using methods like profit sharing, suggestion plans, and employee stock ownership. The document provides examples of different incentive systems used for individual, group, and organizational rewards.
An ideal classroom environment provides sufficient facilities in good condition like tables, chairs, computers and air conditioning. The classroom setting should be well-organized and comfortable with enough space for all students. Teachers should use methods like PowerPoint lectures, encourage two-way communication, student participation, questions and answers, and group discussions. Resources like books, handouts and notes should be adequate and relevant. Assessments of student performance include presentations to boost confidence, research projects to encourage proactivity, weekly assignments to improve writing skills, and quizzes to assess understanding of covered topics. The teacher's role is to have good knowledge, deliver lessons fluently, be friendly, concerned for students, and serve as a good role model who motivates
The document discusses creating a supportive learning environment in the classroom. It emphasizes the importance of managing the physical space, establishing clear expectations and building relationships on the first day of school. It also stresses creating a positive classroom climate through motivation, diversity and recognizing students' multiple intelligences. Building self-esteem and developing consistent discipline policies are also identified as important for a supportive environment.
The document discusses how to create a positive classroom environment through structuring the physical and emotional aspects of the classroom. It recommends arranging desks in small groups or a U-shape to facilitate discussion and collaboration. It also stresses the importance of the teacher-student bond and using strategies like greeting students personally and acknowledging positive behavior to build students' self-esteem. While self-esteem is important, research shows that achievement, not self-esteem, leads to improved performance and that students need to believe they can succeed through effort rather than innate ability.
Learning resources are devices and procedures that make teaching and learning more engaging. There are several principles for selecting and utilizing learning resources effectively. Resources should be appropriate for students' ages, interests, and educational objectives. They must be simple, accurate, and available within the school's budget. While resources can enhance learning when used properly, there are also limitations like teacher apathy, financial constraints, and dependency on stable electricity. Proper training is needed to ensure teachers optimize learning resources.