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How to Fail Less

  Business Models and
Customer Development


        Steve Blank
     www.steveblank.com
         @sgblank
What We Used to Believe

        Strategy
All I Need to Do is Execute the Plan
All I Need to Do is Execute the Plan
All I Need to Do is Make the Forecast
All I Need to Do is Make the Forecast
What We Now Know

     Strategy
Planning comes before the plan
Business Models
Business Models
Search          Execution

           Business Model   Operating Plan +
Strategy
            Hypotheses      Financial Model
What We Used to Believe

        Process
We Built Startups by
Managing Processes

  Product Management
            +
  Waterfall Engineering
Product Introduction Model



 Concept/    Product   Alpha/Beta   Launch/
Seed Round    Dev.        Test      1st Ship
Product Introduction Model



 Concept/    Product   Alpha/Beta   Launch/
Seed Round    Dev.        Test      1st Ship
Waterfall / Product Management
                                    Execution on Two “Knowns”



                                 Requirements
                                                                 Product Features: known
                                            Design

                                                Implementation


                                                         Verification

   Customer Problem: known                                       Maintenance




Source: Eric Ries
http://startuplessonslearned.blogspot.com
Waterfall / Product Management
                                    Execution on Two “Knowns”



                                 Requirements
                                                                 Product Features: known
                                            Design

                                                Implementation


                                                         Verification

   Customer Problem: known                                       Maintenance




Source: Eric Ries
http://startuplessonslearned.blogspot.com
What We Now Know

     Strategy
More startups fail from
a lack of customers than from a
failure of product development
Customer Development
  A Search Strategy
Search             Execution

Strategy    Business Model
                                 Operating Plan +
              Hypotheses
                                 Financial Model


Process       Customer &       Product Management
                               & Agile Development
           Agile Development
What We Used to Believe

      Organization
Hire and Build a
Functional Organization
What We Now Know

    Organization
Founders run a
 Customer Development Team

No sales, marketing and business
          development
Search                      Execution

 Strategy     Business Model
                                           Operating Plan +
                Hypotheses
                                           Financial Model

             Customer Development,        Product Management
 Process
               Agile Development     Agile or Waterfall Development


                 Customer             Functional Organization
Organization
             Development Team,            by Department
               Founder-driven
Search
Strategy     Business Model
               Hypotheses



Process
           Customer Development,
             Agile Development




Organization
          Customer Development
           Team, Founder-driven
Search                      Execution

Strategy     Business Model
                                         Operating Plan +
               Hypotheses
                                         Financial Model




Process    Customer Development,        Product Management
             Agile Development     Agile or Waterfall Development




Organization
           Customer Development        Functional Organization
            Team, Founder-driven           by Department
Part 2

 Business Models and
Customer Development
What’s A Startup?
A temporary organization
      designed to search
for a repeatable and scalable
       business model
A temporary organization
      designed to search
for a repeatable and scalable
       business model
A temporary organization
      designed to search
for a repeatable and scalable
       business model
A temporary organization
      designed to search
for a repeatable and scalable
       business model
A temporary organization
      designed to search
for a repeatable and scalable
        business model
A Startup aims to become a
          company
What’s a Business Model?
But,
Realize They’re Hypotheses
Business Model Canvas

              building
               block                                 building
                                                                       building
                               building               block
                                                                        block
                  building      block
building           block
 block



                                                     building
                               building               block
               building         block                                   building
                block                                                    block




  building          building              building          building
   block             block                 block             block
9 Guesses


                            Guess
Guess    Guess
                                     Guess

                  Guess
        Guess               Guess



        Guess                Guess
Turning Hypotheses Into Facts
The Four Steps – The Startup Path


        Customer Development
Customer Development

Test the Problem, Then the Solution
Customer Development

  The Minimum Viable Product
Customer Development

       The Pivot
Customer Development is
how you search for the model
Customer Discovery
Web/Mobile Versus Physical


                    Customer            Customer
                    Discovery           Validation



                                Pivot




• Web/Mobile startups run faster

• Different process steps for web vs. physical
• Customer Relationships are radically different
Customer Discovery



Step 1: State Your Hypotheses
Customer Discovery


Step 2: Test the Problem
Customer Discovery




Step 3: Test the Solution
Customer Discovery




Step 4: Pivot or Proceed
Customer Validation
Customer
                 Validation


Step 1: Get Ready to Sell
Customer
                 Validation




Step 2: Sell to EarlyVangelists
Customer
                Validation




Step 3: Develop Positioning
Customer
               Validation




Step 4: Pivot or Proceed
How to Build A Startup

             Idea
        Business Model
       Size Opportunity
    Customer Development
How to Build A Startup


        Business   Size of the   Customer    Customer
Idea    Model(s)   Opportunity   Discovery   Validation
How to Build A Startup


        Size of the
         Business     Size of the
                       Business     Customer    Customer
Idea    Opportunity
         Model(s)     Opportunity
                       Model(s)     Discovery   Validation




       Theory                        Practice
How to Build A Startup


       Size of the
        Business     Size of the
                      Business     Customer    Customer
Idea   Opportunity
        Model(s)     Opportunity
                      Model(s)     Discovery   Validation
How to Build A Startup


              Size of the
               Business      Size of the
                              Business     Customer    Customer
Idea          Opportunity
               Model(s)      Opportunity
                              Model(s)     Discovery   Validation




       • First test the problem
       • Next test the solution
How to Build A Startup


       Size of the
        Business     Size of the
                      Business     Customer    Customer
Idea   Opportunity
        Model(s)     Opportunity
                      Model(s)     Discovery   Validation
Additional Resources

• I-Corps class summary:
http://steveblank.com/2012/03/26/the-national-science-
foundation-innovation-corps-what-america-does-best/
• I-Corps team presentations:
http://www.slideshare.net/sblank/tagged/i-corps
• Resources for startups: http://steveblank.com/tools-and-
blogs-for-entrepreneurs/
• Books for startups: http://steveblank.com/books-for-
startups/
• Additional resources: http://steveblank.com/slides/

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Steve blank latino startups 051512

  • 1. How to Fail Less Business Models and Customer Development Steve Blank www.steveblank.com @sgblank
  • 2. What We Used to Believe Strategy
  • 3. All I Need to Do is Execute the Plan
  • 4. All I Need to Do is Execute the Plan
  • 5. All I Need to Do is Make the Forecast
  • 6. All I Need to Do is Make the Forecast
  • 7. What We Now Know Strategy
  • 11. Search Execution Business Model Operating Plan + Strategy Hypotheses Financial Model
  • 12. What We Used to Believe Process
  • 13. We Built Startups by Managing Processes Product Management + Waterfall Engineering
  • 14. Product Introduction Model Concept/ Product Alpha/Beta Launch/ Seed Round Dev. Test 1st Ship
  • 15. Product Introduction Model Concept/ Product Alpha/Beta Launch/ Seed Round Dev. Test 1st Ship
  • 16. Waterfall / Product Management Execution on Two “Knowns” Requirements Product Features: known Design Implementation Verification Customer Problem: known Maintenance Source: Eric Ries http://startuplessonslearned.blogspot.com
  • 17. Waterfall / Product Management Execution on Two “Knowns” Requirements Product Features: known Design Implementation Verification Customer Problem: known Maintenance Source: Eric Ries http://startuplessonslearned.blogspot.com
  • 18. What We Now Know Strategy
  • 19. More startups fail from a lack of customers than from a failure of product development
  • 20. Customer Development A Search Strategy
  • 21. Search Execution Strategy Business Model Operating Plan + Hypotheses Financial Model Process Customer & Product Management & Agile Development Agile Development
  • 22. What We Used to Believe Organization
  • 23. Hire and Build a Functional Organization
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. What We Now Know Organization
  • 27. Founders run a Customer Development Team No sales, marketing and business development
  • 28. Search Execution Strategy Business Model Operating Plan + Hypotheses Financial Model Customer Development, Product Management Process Agile Development Agile or Waterfall Development Customer Functional Organization Organization Development Team, by Department Founder-driven
  • 29. Search Strategy Business Model Hypotheses Process Customer Development, Agile Development Organization Customer Development Team, Founder-driven
  • 30. Search Execution Strategy Business Model Operating Plan + Hypotheses Financial Model Process Customer Development, Product Management Agile Development Agile or Waterfall Development Organization Customer Development Functional Organization Team, Founder-driven by Department
  • 31. Part 2 Business Models and Customer Development
  • 33. A temporary organization designed to search for a repeatable and scalable business model
  • 34. A temporary organization designed to search for a repeatable and scalable business model
  • 35. A temporary organization designed to search for a repeatable and scalable business model
  • 36. A temporary organization designed to search for a repeatable and scalable business model
  • 37. A temporary organization designed to search for a repeatable and scalable business model A Startup aims to become a company
  • 39.
  • 41. Business Model Canvas building block building building building block block building block building block block building building block building block building block block building building building building block block block block
  • 42. 9 Guesses Guess Guess Guess Guess Guess Guess Guess Guess Guess
  • 44.
  • 45. The Four Steps – The Startup Path Customer Development
  • 46.
  • 47. Customer Development Test the Problem, Then the Solution
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50. Customer Development The Minimum Viable Product
  • 51.
  • 52. Customer Development The Pivot
  • 53.
  • 54. Customer Development is how you search for the model
  • 56. Web/Mobile Versus Physical Customer Customer Discovery Validation Pivot • Web/Mobile startups run faster • Different process steps for web vs. physical • Customer Relationships are radically different
  • 57. Customer Discovery Step 1: State Your Hypotheses
  • 58. Customer Discovery Step 2: Test the Problem
  • 59. Customer Discovery Step 3: Test the Solution
  • 60. Customer Discovery Step 4: Pivot or Proceed
  • 62. Customer Validation Step 1: Get Ready to Sell
  • 63. Customer Validation Step 2: Sell to EarlyVangelists
  • 64. Customer Validation Step 3: Develop Positioning
  • 65. Customer Validation Step 4: Pivot or Proceed
  • 66. How to Build A Startup Idea Business Model Size Opportunity Customer Development
  • 67. How to Build A Startup Business Size of the Customer Customer Idea Model(s) Opportunity Discovery Validation
  • 68. How to Build A Startup Size of the Business Size of the Business Customer Customer Idea Opportunity Model(s) Opportunity Model(s) Discovery Validation Theory Practice
  • 69. How to Build A Startup Size of the Business Size of the Business Customer Customer Idea Opportunity Model(s) Opportunity Model(s) Discovery Validation
  • 70. How to Build A Startup Size of the Business Size of the Business Customer Customer Idea Opportunity Model(s) Opportunity Model(s) Discovery Validation • First test the problem • Next test the solution
  • 71. How to Build A Startup Size of the Business Size of the Business Customer Customer Idea Opportunity Model(s) Opportunity Model(s) Discovery Validation
  • 72. Additional Resources • I-Corps class summary: http://steveblank.com/2012/03/26/the-national-science- foundation-innovation-corps-what-america-does-best/ • I-Corps team presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/sblank/tagged/i-corps • Resources for startups: http://steveblank.com/tools-and- blogs-for-entrepreneurs/ • Books for startups: http://steveblank.com/books-for- startups/ • Additional resources: http://steveblank.com/slides/

Editor's Notes

  1. 320 SBIR Phase 2 companiesGot $500K50% from academiaMix of technologies20% of you will get phase 2b20% of those will succeed13 of you will succeedMost of you think you are in execution modeMost will be a few years old – thinking they are in execution~25 will be a lot olderNot all in the audience will be founders, some will be employeesGraphene Frontiers is the perfect exampleStart with their slidesEmphasize that this process not just works for software but anything with customer/market riskFix the serendipitous DOW meetingGroun flour pharma as a backup