Std prensentation

,sx.dYs%; fndajk frda.

jhs' tï' t,a' l=udr
uyck fi!LH mÍlaIl
,sx.dY%s; frda. u¾Ok tallh
r;akmqr

yeoskaùu

nelaàßhd wdidok

^iqÿ ìxÿu& Gonorrhea

^WmoxYh& Syphilis

^la,eóähd& Chlamydia

yeoskaùu

ffjria wdidok

^taâia& HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

^y¾mSia& Genital Herpes

^,sx.sl bkakka& HPV (Human Papillomavirus)

^fymghsáia& Hepatitis B

yeoskaùu

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr wdidok

^g%hsfldfudkdisia& Trichomoniasis

^lekaâvhisia& Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)

^bksl=kd& Pubic Lice (Crabs)

^fydß& Scabies

yeoskaùu

frda.Ska jd¾;d ùu 2010

frda.Ska jd¾;d ùu 2011

ia;%s ¥IK yd <ud wmpdr

,sx.dYs%; frda. u¾Ok tallh

Ung l, yels foa

Introduction

Sexually Transmitted Infections
Toward effective prevention, diagnosis and treatment

Precautions

It is recommended that infected individuals and their sexual partner(s) abstain from
sexual activity until:

• treatment is complete (for treatable STIs)
• symptoms have subsided
• the infection is cured (for curable STIs, confirmed through follow-up
testing, as appropriate).

In the case of viral STIs, a health care provider can offer safer-sex and risk-reduction
tips to prevent transmission.

Condoms are important to reduce the risk of transmission, even if other methods of
birth control are being used to prevent pregnancy.

Lelaàßhd


hkq
 iq,n nelaàßhd wdidokhla (Chlamydia Trachomatis)

 .eíf., $ uq;%d ud¾.h l,d;=rlska .=o ud¾.h $ W.=r yd weia
wdidokh fõ'

fndajk l%u
wdidÈ;hl= iu. mj;ajk wkdrÌs; ,sx.sl weiqr ^uqL$fhdak$.=o&
s

ore m%iQ;sfha È orejdf.a fmky¿ fyda weia wdidokh úh yel

Lelaàßhd


frda. ,laIK ^i;s 2)6 miq&
ia;%S
fndfyda úg frda. ,laIK rys; kuq;a

 fhdaks ud¾.fhka Y%dj msg ùu
 uq;%d my lsÍfï È fõokdj
 há nv m%foaYfha fõokdj
 ixi¾.fhka miq fyda udia Y=oaêhg wu;rj reêr jykh
 ixi¾.h w;r;=r fõokdj
 .=o ud¾.fha fõokdj $ leiSu $ Y%dj msgùu

Lelaàßhd


frda. ,laIK ^i;s 2)6 miq&
mqreI
fndfyda úg Èk 2)7 È frda. ,laIK fmkajhs

 YsIaKh ;=,ska j;=r jeks lsß mdg Y%djhla msgùu

 uq;%d my lsÍfï È oeú,a, $ fõokdj

 jDIK fldaIj, fõokdj

Lelaàßhd


ie,lsh hq;= lreKq yd ixl+,;d
ia;%S
 wdidokh" uq;dYh yd mef,damSh kd, olajd me;sÍu (Pelvic Inflammatory
%
Disease)
 ksoka.; ;=káh fõokdj
 j| Ndjh
 .¾NdIfhka msg ms<siso .ekSï we;s ùfï wjodku

mqreI
 jDIK fldaI wdidokh
 m¿ u;=ùu$ yxÈ fõokdj
 l,d;=rlska j| Ndjh we;s ùu

Lelaàßhd

iqÿ ìxÿu

hkq
iq,n nelaàßhd wdidokhla ^khsisÍhd f.dfkdaßfha&

.eíf.,$uq;%d ud¾.h$.=o ud¾.h$W.=r yd iuyr wjia:d j,os weia
wdidokh fõ

fndajk l%u
wdidÈ;hl= iu. mj;ajk wkdrÌs; ,sx.sl weiqr ^uqL $ fhdaks $ .=o&

ore m%iQ;sfha oS orejdg ^wlaIs wdidÈ; orefjla&

Lelaàßhd

iqÿ ìxÿu

frda. ,laIK
ia;%S
fndfyda úg frda. ,laIK rys; kuq;a

 fhdaks ud¾.fhka Y%dj msg ùu
 uq;%d my lsÍfï È fõokdj
 há nv m%foaYfha fõokdj
 ixi¾.fhka miq fyda udia Y=oaêhg wu;rj reêr jykh
 ixi¾.h w;r;=r fõokdj

Lelaàßhd

iqÿ ìxÿu

frda. ,laIK
mqreI
fndfyda úg Èk 2)7 È frda. ,laIK fmkajhs

 YSIaKh ;=,ska >k ly)fld< mdg Y%djhla msgùu

 uq;%d my lsÍfï È oeú,a, $ fõokdj

 jDIK fldIj, fõokdj fyda bÈuqu


Lelaàßhd

iqÿ ìxÿu


yÿkd fkd.;a yd m%;sldr fkd.;a fjk;a wdidok ;sìh yels nj
taâia frda.h wdidokh ùfï yd me;sÍfï wjodku by, nj

ia;%S
 wdidokh" uq;%dYh yd mef,damSh kd, olajd me;sÍu (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)
 ksoka.; ;=káh fõokdj
 j| Ndjh
 .¾NdIfhka msg ms<siso .ekSï we;s ùfï wjodku

mqreI
 jDIK fldaI wdidokh
 m¿ u;=ùu$ yxÈ fõokdj
 l,d;=rlska j| Ndjh we;s ùu

Lelaàßhd

WmoxYh

hkq
 fg%fmdksud me,svï keu;s nelaàßhdj u.ska wdidokh jk

 wjêlsysmhla mj;S

 • ,xldfõ mj;sk merKs;u ,sx.d.%s; frda.h

fndajk l%u

 wdidÈ;hl= iu. mj;ajk wkdrÌs; ,sx.sl weiqr ^uqL $ fhdaks $ .=o&

 reêr mdrú,hkh $ bÈ lgq $ isßkacia

 wdidÈ; ujf.ka l<,hg ^.íid$u,ore Wm;a& fyda orejdg iyc WmoxYh

Lelaàßhd

WmoxYh

frda. ,laIK
Èk 9)90 ;a w;r ld,fha È frda. ,laIK fmkajhs

m<uq wjêh
 ia;%S yd mqreI ,sxf.akaøsh ;=< fyda wjg fõokd rys; ;=jd, u;= fõ

 bls<sj, jid .eg;s bÈóu

 m%;sldr .ekSulska f;drj bfí úh<S hhs

 frda. îc YÍrh ;=, j¾Okh fõ

Lelaàßhd

WmoxYh

fojk wjêh
m<uq wjêfha ksis m%;dldr fkd,o úg i;s 6)24 fojk wjêh meñfKa

 ifï l=IaG we;s ùu ^weÕ $ w;a, $ m;=, $ msg &

 ysi flia .e, ú hdu

 jid .eg;s bÈóu

 WK yd ykaÈm;a fõokdj

Lelaàßhd

WmoxYh

.=ma; wjêh

 frda. ,laIK msg;g fkdfmkajhs

 yDoh ) wksl=;a bkaøshka yd iakdhq moao;shg ydks muqKqjhs

 .=m; wjÈfha uq,a ld,h olajd frda.h fndal, yel
a

 urKh

Lelaàßhd

WmoxYh

WmoxYh yd .¾NkSNdjh
 .en ;=, isák ì<sod wdidokh ùu
 .íidùï
 fkdfïrE ore Wm;a
 u,ore Wm;a
 ixcdkkSh WmoxYh iys; orejl= ìys ùu^YrSrh mqrd l=IaG we;s ùu
kdiamqvq j,ska Y%dj msg ùu $ ikaê bÈóu $ jid .eg;s bÈóu&
 idudkH f,i WmÈk orejd udi lsysmhlg miq frda. ,laIK fmkaùu

Lelaàßhd

WmoxYh

WmoxYh yd .¾NkSNdjh
<ore m%;sldr

 frda. ,laIK we;s orejka

 ksis m%;sldr fkd,;a ujlg Wmka orejka

 m%iQ;shg i;s 4 fmr ksis m%;sldr fkd,;a ujlg Wmka orejka

 fmksis,Ska m%;sÔjlh fkd,;a ujlg Wmka orejka

ffjria

y¾mSia
nyq,j ,sx.sl m%foaYfha ;=jd, we;s lrkq ,nk frda.hls

hkq
y¾mSia isïmaf,laia ffjri u.ska fnda jk

1 uqLh wdY%S;j ;=jd, we; fõs' uqL ,sx.sl in|;dj,ska ,sx.sl
m%foaYhg o fnda fõ

2 ,sx.sl m%foaYh wdY%S;j ;=jd, we;s fõs uqLh wdYS%;j o ;=jd,
we;s úh yel

m,uq wdidokfhka miq kej; wdidok we;s fõ

ffjria

y¾mSia

kej; wdidok we;s jk wjia:d
 udisl Tima ùu
 udkisl wiykh
 frda.d ndo
 .¾NKs Ndjh
 ie;alï
 HIV wdidokh jeks m%;sYla;s W!K;d
 iuyr T!IO

ffjria

y¾mSia

fndajk l%u
 wdidÈ;hl= ^frda. ,laIK iys; $ rys;& iu. mj;ajk wkdrÌs;
,sx.sl weiqr ^uqL$fhdak$.=o&
s

 ism .ekSul È

 wdidÈ; ujf.ka ore m%iQ;sfha orejg

 fldkavï Ndú;fhka iïmQ¾K wdrlaIdjla fkd,efí

ffjria

y¾mSia

frda. ,laIK
 ish¿u wdidÈ;hka frda. ,laIK fkdfmkajhs
 Èk 2)21 w;r frda. ,laIK u;= fõ
 ffjri we;=¿ jQ ia:dkfha oeú,a, fõokdj we;s fõ
 Èhr msß l=vd ìì,s u;= ùu
 fõokdldÍ ;=jd,
 WK ) ysiro ) fldkafoa fõokdj
 jid .%kaÓ bÈóu

ffjria

y¾mSia

y¾mSia yd .¾NkSNdjh

 .eí .eksug ndOdjla fkd fõ

 m%i; wjia:dfõ ;=jd, u;= ù we;s fyda m<uqj
Q

wdidok ùu orejdg n,mdhs

 Y,Hl¾uh u.ska orejd ìys lsÍu

 m%;sffjri T!IO ,nd Èu

ffjria

fymghsáia (Hepatitis B)
A vaccine-preventable viral infection that affects the liver

hkq
wlaudj wdidokh lrk (Hepatitis B Virus)

reêrh" YÍr ;r," ,sx.sl ;r, j," uõ lsß yd fl<j, ffjria wvx.= fõ
wdidÈ;hska 90] m%;sfoay uÕska md,kh fõ
10] ksoka.; frda.Ska njg m;a fõ

fndajk l%u

 wdidÈ;hl= iu. mj;ajk wkdrÌs; ,sx.sl weiqr ^uqL$fhdak$.=o&
s

 reêr mdrú,hkh $ bÈ lgq $ isßkacia

 wdidÈ; ujf.ka orejdg

ffjria


frda. ,laIK
fndfyda whg frda. ,laIK fkdfmkajhs

i;s 08 miq
 f;fyÜgqj
 Tlaldrh" juKh
 lEu reÑh wvq ùu
 m¿ u;= ùu
 yx¢ fõokdj
 iuyrúg weia yd yu ly mdg ùu

ffjria


frda. wdYS;hska tkak;a lsÍu

ksoka.; ;;ajh wlaudj wdYS; frda. we;s lrhs
^Ysfrdaisia $ ms,sld &

m%;sffjri T!IO ,nd Èu

ffjria


hkq

 m%;sYla;s lrk moao;shg wod, ffi,
úkdYlrkq ,nkq

 m%;sYla;s lrk moO;sh ÿ¾j, ùu uÕska
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or AIDS
frda.shl= njg m;a lrkq ,nk

ffjria


frda. jHdma;sh
wdidê; mqoa.,hl=f.a
 reêrh
 ,sx.sl m%foaYfha we;s ;r,
 Y=l% ;r,h
 uõ lsß

 wkdrÌs; ,sx.sl weiqr ^uqL$fhdaks$.=o&
 bÈlgq yd wksl=;a T!IO WmlrK
 HIV wdidê; reêrh yd reêr.; ksIamdok
 wdidê; reêrh ;ejrekq o;a nqreiq f¾i¾
 .¾NkS wjia:dfõ oS yd uõ lsß oSfï oS

ffjria


frda. jHd;a;sh isÿ fkdjk wjia:d

u¥re oIagkh
wksl=;a lDñ i;=ka uÕska

wdidê; reêrh wvx.= fkdfõ kï
 fl,
 oyâh
 l¥¿
 uq;%d
 wiQÑ uÕska
frda.h iïfm%aIKh fkdfõ

ffjria


frda. ,laIK
frda. îc YÍr .; ù i;s 2)4 ;=, oS ;o WK je, oS Èk lsysmhlska iqj ù
hhs

îfc!Ik iuh wjqreÿ 15)20 olajd mej;sh yel
m%;sYla;sh ÿ¾j, jQ úg
 ks;r WK yd oyäh oeóu
 nr wvq ùu
 yxÈ yd uiamsvq fõokdj
 m¿ u;= ùu
 jid .%ka;s bÈóu
 fikaf.ä
 f;fyÜgqj yd Yla;sh wvq ùu
 ysiroh
 Tlaldrh jukh mdpkh

ffjria


ie,lsh hq;= lreKq
 ljq¿ iuh ;=, È mÍlaIK j,ska yªkd .; fkdyel ^udi
03la hk ;=re&

 frda.h iïmQ¾Kfhka iqj lsÍug m%;sldr fkdue;

 AIDS ;;Ajhg m;a fkdù isàug m%;sldr we;

 AIDS ;;Ajhg m;a jQ miq fjk;a wdidok j,g nyq,j
Ndckh ù urKh isÿ úh yl

ffjria

hkq
 iq,n ffjhsria wdidokhla ^yshquka memsf,daud ffjhsria&
 ffjhsria j¾. 100 jvd we;'
 wvq wjodkï ffjhsria j¾. ,sx.sl wjhjj, bkakka we;s lrhs
 jeä wjodkï ffjhsria j¾. .eí f., ms,sld we;s lrhs
 iuyr j¾. i|yd je,elaùfï tkak;a we;

fndajk l%u
 wdidÈ;hl= iu. mj;ajk wkdrÌs; ,sx.sl weiqr ^uqL$fhdaks$.=o&
 wdidÈ;hl= iu. mj;ajk ,sx.sl l%shdldrlï
 ore m%iQ;sfha È orejdg

ffjria

frda. ,laIK
 leiSu

 ixi¾.h w;r;=r wmyiq;d oekSu
 ixi¾.h w;r;=r reêr jykh

 wvq wjodkï ffjhsria j¾. fndafyda úg frda. ,laIK fkdfmkajhs
 l=vd f.dajd u,a jeks r;= fyda frdai meyefhka hq;= bkakka fhdaks .=o
ud¾.fha fyda uqLfha we;s fõ
 m%udKh yd bkakka .kk fjkia fõ
 .¾Nks ld,h ;=, È bkakkaf.a m%udKh yd .kk jeä úh yelsh
 mqreI $ ia;%s frda. ,laIK

ffjria

ixl+,;d
 bkakka kej; kej; we;s ùu

 ms,sld
• .eí f.,
• fhdaks ud¾.h
• .=o ud¾.h
• YsIaKh
 wd;;sh

 uq;%d yd fhdaks ud¾.fha wjysr;d

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

^lekaävhisia& Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)
A common fungal infection caused by overgrowth
of the naturally occurring yeast Candida

hkq
hSÜia j¾.hg wh;a lekaävd we,aìlkaia kï È,Srfhka isÿ jk

 idudkHfhka ldka;djkaf.a fhdaks ud¾.fha mj;S
 w;sßla; f,i j¾Okh jQ úg lekaävhisia ;;ajhg meñfKa
 uqLh" .,kd,h" yu yd reêrh wdYS;j je, foa

w;sßla; jrOkhg n,mdk fy;=
 .¾NkS Ndjh
 È¾> ld,Sk m%;sÔjl T!IO .ekSu
 Èhjeähdj
 m%;sYla;sh ySk ùu

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

^lekaävhisia& Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)

frda. ,laIK
iA;%S
 fhdaks ud¾s.fha leiSu
 iqÿ meye;s lsß leo,s jeks Èhrhla msg ùu
 bÈó fyda r;= mdg iajNdjhla .ekSu
 uq;%d lrk úg oeú,a,
mqreI
 ,sx. uqKavh m%odyhg ,la ùu (Balanitis)
 leiSu
 YsIakh w. r;= mdg dots u;= ùu
 fmriu úh,Su

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

^bksl=kd& Pubic Lice
Infections caused by parasitic infestations

hkq
,sx.sl m%foaYfha ðj;a jk l=vd l=reñKs úfYaIhla (Phthirus
Pubis)

weia msydgq lsys,, yd frdau wdYs%; m%foaY j, f,a Wrd
a
fndñka Ôj;a fõ

frda. iïfm%aIkh
iam¾Yh uÕska
wdidÈ; we;sß,s ;=jd yd NdKav ^Èk 02 mj;S&
,sx.sl l%shdldrlï

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

^bksl=kd& Pubic Lice

frda. ,laIK
i;s 3)4 miq
 leiSu yd yu m%odyhg ,la ùu yd r;= mdg ùu
 imd lE ia:dk j, ks,a mdg m¿ u;= ùu

ie,lsh hq;= lreKq

oaú;Sh nelaàßhd wdidok we;s ùu

 ish¿u wdYs;hka m%;sldr .ekSu
 frÈ we| we;sß,s fyd¢ka msßisÿ lsÍu

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

^fydß& Scabies

hkq
 l=vd mrfmdaYs;hl=f.ka (Sarcoptes Scabiei) yg .kakd

 ,sx.sl l%shdldrlï fyda iam¾Yfhka fnda jk^wdidÈ;
we;sß,s" ;=jd yd NdKav Èk 03 mj;S&

 yu hg ì;a;r ouk yd WKqiqï l,dm j, jeämqr yg
.kakd ^j,Ælr" oKysia" weÕs,s" ;Ügï" mshhqre yd ,sx.sl
wjhj &

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

^fydß& Scabies

frda. ,laIK
i;s 3)4 miq

 leiSu úfYaIfhka rd;%S ld,hg

 r;= mdg m¿ u;= ùu

 úáka úg yg .ekSu

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

^fydß& Scabies

ie,lsh hq;= lreKq

oaú;Sh nelaàßhd wdidok we;s ùu

 ish¿u wdYs%;hka m%;sldr .ekSu

 frÈ we| we;sß,s fyd¢ka msßisÿ lsÍu

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr

A sexually transmitted parasitic infection commonly referred to as trich

hkq
 tal ffi,l Ôúhl=f.ka ^Trichomonas vaginalis& yg
.kakd frda.S ;;ajhla

uq;%d ud¾.h" fhdaks ud¾.h" .¾NdYh" fmriu hg yuq
fõ'

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr


frda. ,laIK
ia;S%
 ly fld< mdgg yqre Y%dj msgùula

 leiSu
 uq;%d msg lrk úg oeú,a,

mqreI
 fndfyda úg frda. ,laIK fkdfmkajhs
 uq;%d újrh r;= mdg ùu fyda bß;e,Su
 uq;%d msg lrk úg oeú,a,

mrfmdaYs;$È,Sr


ie,lsh hq;= lreKq

 fkdfïrE ore Wm;a

 nr wvq ore Wm;a

Testing/Screening

Importance and Timing
The early detection and treatment of STIs is
critical to prevent further spread of infections

Decreasing the risks

Early identification and treatment of an STI can help decrease the
possibility of complications, both for an infected individual and their sexual
partner(s).

This is especially true for women, as undetected and untreated infections
can lead to:

• pelvic inflammatory disease
• ectopic pregnancy
• chronic pelvic pain and;
• infertility.

Testing/Screening

Importance and Timing

When to get tested

• Individuals who suspect they may have contracted an STI should ask for guidance about when
to get tested.

• Regardless of symptoms, at-risk individuals should be screened regularly.

• Visible symptoms should not be the only reason for testing, as many infections are
asymptomatic. If symptoms are not present or a person is infectious before symptoms appear,
the infection can be unknowingly passed on to others.

• At the start of any new sexual relationship, it is a good idea for both partners to get assessed
and screened for infections.

• Suspicion or diagnosis of an STI should prompt testing for other STIs if not already done.

Testing Methods

Diagnosing Sexually Transmitted Infections

The main methods of testing/screening are:

1. Swab from the urethra, cervix, vagina, anus or throat
2. Urine test
3. Blood test

Approaches differ by infection and gender, and vary across the country.

Testing Methods

Diagnosing Sexually Transmitted Infections

STI Diagnostic Method

Bacterial
Chlamydia Swab from the infected area.
Urine sample for men; urine sample for women
where available, when a pelvic exam is not done or indicated
Gonorrhea Swab from the infected area or a urine sample in
cases where a swab is not an option
Syphilis Blood sample and/or swab from the sore

Viral
Genital Herpes Swab from sore(s) and/or a blood test (currently not widely
available)
HPV* Physical exam for visible warts
Pap test to detect abnormal cells in the cervix
Hepatitis B Blood test
HIV Blood test

Parasitic/Fungal
Trichomoniasis Physical examination and vaginal swab
Lice/Crabs/Scabies Examination of skin and hair
Yeast Infection Physical examination and vaginal swab

Prevention

Barrier Methods
Prevention approaches are important to decrease the transmission of STIs

Male condom
• A sheath placed on an erect penis
• Prevents the exchange of fluids during intercourse or oral sex.
• Latex condoms offer protection against the transmission of many STIs.
• Polyurethane condoms are also highly effective, but are more prone to
breakage.
• Condoms made from sheep membrane are not effective barriers.
• Condoms may not fully protect against herpes and HPV, as the viruses
can be found in areas not protected by a condom.

Female condom

• A polyurethane sheath worn inside the vagina during sexual intercourse.
• It has two rings— an inner one at the closed end; and an outer ring that
remains outside the vagina.
• It should not be used with a male condom.

Prevention

Barrier Methods
Prevention approaches are important to decrease the transmission of STIs

Dental dam

• A thin square of latex that can be used as a shield during oral sex.
• Placed over a woman’s vulva, acting as a barrier between her genitals and her partner’s
mouth.
• Can also be used as a barrier when oral sex is performed on a partner’s anus.

Dams are for sale in some pharmacies and sexual-health clinics, but can also be made using a
condom or a latex glove.

Simply:

• unroll the condom
• cut off the tip and base
• cut down the length of the tube
• unroll the condom into a rectangular sheet.

Treatment

Treatment Summary
Bacterial

Chlamydia
Uncomplicated genital infections can be treated with antibiotics taken as a single dose or over the course of
one week.
Complicated chlamydial infections (i.e. PID, neonatal, epididymitis) usually require a longer course of
treatment and may require hospitalization for treatment with IV antibiotics.
Sexual partner(s) who have had contact with an infected person within 60 days of diagnosis require testing
and treatment. Abstinence from unprotected sexual intercourse until treatment is complete (7 days after a
single dose treatment, or until all the medication is finished for a multiple dose treatment) is essential.
Anyone treated for chlamydia should be re-tested 6 months afterwards

Gonorrhea
Uncomplicated gonorrhea is treated with antibiotics. Gonorrhea bacteria are becoming more resistant to
some medications, requiring follow-up for treated infections.
Complicated gonorrhea infections (i.e. PID, neonatal, disseminated) usually require a longer course of
treatment and may require hospitalization for treatment with IV antibiotics.
Patients treated for gonorrhea should also be treated for chlamydia.
Sexual partner(s) who have had contact with an infected person within 60 days of diagnosis require testing
and treatment. Abstinence from unprotected sexual intercourse until treatment is complete (7 days after a
single dose treatment, or until all the medication is finished for a multiple dose treatment) is essential.
Anyone treated for gonorrhea should be re-tested 6 months afterwards.
EXCEPTIONS
Pregnant and lactating women with STIs may require
different forms of treatment to prevent harm to their
fetus or newborn.

Treatment

Treatment Summary
Bacterial

Syphilis

People infected with syphilis are typically treated with injectable penicillin. Other
antibiotics can be used in some cases, but close monitoring is required.

Sexual partners must be notified so they may seek medical attention.

• For primary syphilis: partners from 3 months prior to the onset of symptoms
• For secondary syphilis: partners from 6 months prior to the onset of symptoms
• For early latent syphilis: partners from 1 year prior to the diagnosis

Response to treatment needs to be monitored, therefore follow-up is required.

EXCEPTIONS
Pregnant and lactating women with STIs may require
different forms of treatment to prevent harm to their
fetus or newborn.

Treatment

Treatment Summary
Viral

Genital Herpes
Antiviral medications—acyclovir, famciclovir and valacyclovir—to be started as early as possible
following the onset of symptoms. Suppressive therapy can be considered for patients with
frequent outbreaks (six or more times per year).
Other considerations for management during an outbreak:
• Pain relievers and laxatives
• Hospitalization, should urine retention become a problem

Hepatitis B
There is no cure for hepatitis B, but a vaccine to prevent the infection is available.
Most individuals recover fully within about six months.
Individuals who are acutely infected with hepatitis B should abstain from sexual activity until
their partner(s) have been screened and immunized if needed. Household contacts should also
be screened and immunized if needed. If an individual is exposed, an injection of antibodies
may be given (up to 7 days after a needlestick injury and up to 14 days after sexual contact),
followed by the hepatitis B vaccine to help prevent infection. Infants born to infected mothers
should receive an injection of antibodies immediately after birth followed by the vaccine within
12 hours. Individuals with acute infections usually do not need antiviral medications. Those who
develop chronic hepatitis B require monitoring of their liver function and may benefit from
treatment with interferon or an anti-viral medication.

Treatment

Treatment Summary
Viral

HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
There is currently no cure for women and men infected with the virus. Vaccination is available to
prevent certain types of HPV.
Depending on their size, number and location, genital warts can be treated using several
different options, for example: strong acids and chemicals, topical cream, liquid nitrogen, electric
currents or laser therapy. Although partner notification is not required, patients are encouraged
to notify their partners that they have had genital warts or an abnormal Pap smear.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
No cure exists for HIV/AIDS. Treatments are continually evolving, helping people living with
HIV/AIDS control the virus and its symptoms.
Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) helps slow the progression of the infection and can help the
immune system restore itself. Though available HIV medications have lengthened the average
time from infection to progression to AIDS, there are significant side effects that may affect
quality of life. People on ART need to be monitored closely by a specialist for their response to
treatment and side effects.
Individuals diagnosed with HIV should inform sexual partners of their status. Failure to disclose
may have legal implications.

Treatment

Treatment Summary
Parasitic/Fungal

Trichomoniasis
Treated with medication, usually metronidazole. (No alcohol can be
consumed during treatment and for 24 hours following the completion of
treatment.)
Sexual partner(s) should be treated with metronidazole even if they do not
have symptoms. Testing is usually not recommended for male partners.

Pubic Lice/Scabies
Pubic lice:
The affected area should be washed and a lice-killing cream, lotion or
shampoo used (can be obtained directly at a pharmacy). Itchiness may last
for several weeks after treatment, which may be controlled with medication.
Repeat treatment recommendations should be followed closely.
Sexual partner(s) within the last month should be treated.
Clothes and bedding must be washed in hot water or drycleaned, and
mattresses should be vacuumed or, depending on the size, items may be
placed in a sealed plastic bag for 1 week.

Treatment

Treatment Summary
Parasitic/Fungal

Scabies:
Creams and lotions are available to treat scabies. These are typically applied and washed off in
a specified amount of time.
Clothes and bedding must be washed in hot water or drycleaned, and mattresses should be
vacuumed or, depending on the size, items may be placed in a sealed plastic bag for three
days to one week.
All household contacts and sexual partners within the month prior to infection should be
treated. Itching may continue for several weeks, so medication may be recommended. Repeat
treatment recommendations should be followed closely.

Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)
Several over-the-counter antifungal tablets, creams, ointments and suppositories are available.
These are inserted into the vagina for a period of 1 to 7 days. They can also be applied
externally to the vulva or penis.
In certain circumstances, oral medications are prescribed by a health care provider.
For problematic recurrent infections, maintenance therapy may be recommended.
Some medications used to treat yeast infections are harmful if used in pregnancy. All pregnant
women should seek medical advice prior to using any over-the-counter product.
Sexual partners do not need to be notified or clinically evaluated unless they have symptoms.

Syphilis - Treponema pallidum on
darkfield

Rash of Secondary Syphilis Hands & Foot

Rash of Secondary Syphilis in Body

Secondary Syphilis in Other Places

Syphilis
Distribution of the Organism

Herpes viruses

Nucleocapsid

Envelope

Start as vesicles

2. Ulcer formation

Female HSV
(external lesion) Female HSV (cervix)

HIV in Body Fluids

Blood
Semen
18,000 Vaginal
11,000
Fluid Amniotic
7,000 Fluid
4,000 Saliva
1

Average number of HIV particles in 1 ml of these body fluids

HIV-Infected T-Cell

HIV HIV Infected New HIV
T-Cell T-Cell Virus
Virus

HIV Infection and Antibody
Response
---Initial ---------------Intermediate or Latent Stage-- ---Illness
Stage----
Flu-like Symptoms
------------ Stage---
Or Symptom-free AIDS Symptoms
No Symptoms

----

Infection Virus
Occurs
Antibody

----

< 6 month ~ Years ~ Years ~ Years ~ Years

Reported Cases in 2010
No Cases,
Candidiasis,
195 Syphilis
No Cases, Gonorrhoea
No Cases, BV,
Herpes, 143
135 TV
No Cases, NGC, Candidiasis
92 No Cases, Herpes
No Cases,
Warts, 69 BV
Gonorrhoea,
No Cases,
Syphilis, 3538 Cases, TV,
No NGC
No Cases,
18 Warts
Other, 10
Other

New Patient Single Marital Status
Married Seperated

Sales, Sales,
Seperat Single,
ed, 26, 250,
Sales, 3% 32%
Male,
326,
41%

Sales, Sales,
Female, Married
460, , 510,
59% 65%

Reason for Attendence

Sales,
Sales, Other,
Voluntory, 248,
341, 43%
32% Voluntory
Contact
Court
Sales, Court, Other
117, 15%
Sales,
Contact, 79,
10%

Samples Screen for Syphilis

Category Screened Positive Confirm Treated

STD Patient 990 29 36 36

ANC 11340 34 02 02
Pre-
2816 05 01 01
Employment
Other 323 - - -

Reported Cases in 2011 - 1st, 2nd Quater

No Cases, Herpes,
No Cases,105
Candidiasis, 98
No Cases, NGC, 92 AIDS
Syphilis
No Cases, Warts, Gonorrhoea
69
TV
Candidiasis
No Cases, BV, 48
Herpes
BV
NGC
No Cases, Syphilis, No Cases, Other, Warts
11 No No Cases, TV, 10
Cases, 10
No Cases, AIDS, 3 Other
Gonorrhoea, 1 No Cases, , 0

2010 Vs 2011

2010, Candidiasis,
195

2010, Herpes, 143
2010, BV, 135
2011, Candidiasis,
2011, Herpes, 105 2010
98 2010, NGC, 92
2011
2011, BV,2010, Warts, 69
67
2010, 2011, 2011, 54
NGC, Warts, 48
2010, Syphilis, 35 38
Gonorrhoea,
2011, TV, 18
2010,
2011, Syphilis, 11
2011, TV, 10 2010, Other, 10 7
2011, Other,
2010, AIDS, 0 3
2011, AIDS, Gonorrhoea, 1 2010, , 0, 0
2011,

New Patient,
Clinic Visits New Patient,
2009, 725 2010, 786

New Patient,
New Patient, New Patient, 2008, 603
2006, 570 2007, 560 with STI, 2009, with STI, 2010,
517 516
with STI, 2008,
419
New Patient
with STI, 2006, with STI, 2007, with STI
316 321

Series 1, Em'tiya,
Reported Rape cases & Child Abuses -2010
43

Series 1,
Kolonna, 19

Series 1,
Series 1, R'pura,
Balangoda, 10
9
Series 1,
Series 1,Series 1,
Kalawana, 5 Series 1,
Kuruwita, 4
Elapatha, 4 Series 1,
Go'wela, 3 Series 1,
Ka,Op,Ni,Pa, 2 Series 1,
Kir,Wal,Aya, 1
E'da,E'pe, 0

Series 1, Known
Person, 50

Series 1, Boy
Friend, 28

Series 1, Unkown
person, 11
Series 1, Step
Series 1, Father, 6 Series 1,
Series 1, Grand
Father, 5
Relation, 4 Series 1,
Father, 3
Robbers, 1

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References
• http://www.webmd.com/sex/sexually-
transmitted-diseases?page=2
• http://www.2dix.com/ppt-2010

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Std prensentation

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