The presentation discusses the Revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence. It provides examples of key freedom fighters in the revolt like Nana Saheb and Bahadur Shah Jafar. The causes of the revolt are explored in four categories: social/religious causes like disturbance of caste norms and Christian conversion efforts, military causes like discrimination in the army and discontinued overseas allowances, political causes, and economic causes like taxation on land.