இந்திய தேசிய இயக்கம்

1. இந்திய தேசிய இயக்கம் மற்றும்
இந்திய பண்பாட்டிற்குத்
ேமிழர்களின் பங்களிப்பு
myF 5

2. உள்ளடக்கம்
,e;jpa
tpLjiyg;Nghupy;
jkpou;fspd; gq;F -
,e;jpahtpd;
gpwg;gFjpfspy; jkpoÊgÊ
gz;ghl;bd; jhf;fk;
fy;ntl;Lfs; -
ifnaOj;Jg;gbfs; -
jkpo;g;Gj;jfq;fspd; mr;R
tuyhW
Rakupahij ,af;fk; -
,e;jpa kUj;Jtj;jpy;
rpj;j kUj;Jtj;jpd; gq;F

3. ,e;jpa tpLjiyg;Nghupy; jkpou;fspd; gq;F:
,e;jpa tpLjiyg;Nghupy; jkpou;fspd; gq;fspg;G
kpfr; rpwg;Gilajhf ,Ue;Js;sd. thzpgk;
nra;a re;ij Njb ,e;jpah te;j
Mq;fpNyau;fs; ekJ murpay; eltbf;ifapYk;
cs;Ns Eioe;J ekJ ehl;ilAk; ifg;gw;wpf;
nfhz;ldu;.

4. ghujp
“jkpo;jpUehL jd;id ngw;w - vq;fs;
jhnad;W Fk;gplb ghg;gh
mkpo;jpy; ,dpajb ghg;gh - ek;
Md;Nwhu;fs; Njrkb ghg;gh”

5. ,e;jpa Rje;jpu tuyhw;wpy; tho;thq;F
tho;e;j jkpou;fspd; gq;fspg;G jiyahaJk;
jtpu;f;f KbahjJkhFk;. ,e;jpa
tpLjiyf;fhf jq;fs; ,d;Dapu; <e;j
jpahfpfs; gyu;.
“ghUf;Fs;Ns ey;y ehL ek; ghuj ehL”
vd;whu; ek; jkpo;f;ftp ghujp. ek; ghuj
jpUehl;by; kf;fs; Mq;fpNyaUf;F
mbikg;gl;L fple;jdu;. mtu;fis kPl;fTk;
,e;jpah Rje;jpuk; milaTk; Nghuhba jpahf
nrk;ky;fspy; gyu; jkpo;ehl;by; ,Ue;jdu;.
Gypj;Njtd; vd;w ghisaf;fhud; jdf;Fupa
new;fl;lhd; nrt;ty; gFjpia Kw;Wifapl;l
Mq;fpNyaiu vjpu;j;J ntd;whd;. ,JNt
tpLjiyg;Nghupd; Kjy; Kof;fkhFk;.

6. Gypj;Njtd;

7. Gypj;Njtd;
tupNfl;L ,d;dy;fs; nra;j nts;isau;fis
vjpu;j;;J jPuj;Jld; Kjd; Kjyhf Gypahfg;
gha;e;jtu; Gypj;Njtd; vd;gtu;.
,e;jpa Rje;jpu tuyhw;wpy; ,tuJ Nghuhl;l
fhyk; ,Ul;lbg;G nra;ag;gl;lJ.
njd;dfj;jpy; Rje;jpu jhfj;Jf;F tPj;jpl;l
Kjy; khtPud; Gypj;Njtd;.

8. NtYehr;rpahu;
kwÊWkÊ
kUJ
rNfhjuu;fs;

9. NtYehr;rpahu;
kwÊWkÊ
kUJ
rNfhjuu;fs;
Gypj;Njtidj; njhlu;e;J 1780y;
rptfq;if NtY ehr;rpahu;
Kg;gilfisj; jpul;b
nts;isau;fSld; Nkhjpdhu;.
,tUf;F cWJizahf ,Ue;j
mtuJ Ml;rpahsu;fshd kUJ
rNfhjuu;fSk; fpof;fpe;jpa fk;ngdpia
mbj;J nehWf;fp tpul;babj;J ntw;wp
fz;ldu;.

10. tPughz;ba
fl;l
nghk;kd;;

11. tPughz;ba fl;l nghk;kd;
thdk; nghopAJ> G+kp tpisAJ. nts;isaUf;F
Vd; tup ju Ntz;Lk; vd tPu Kof;fkpl;ltu;
tPughz;ba fl;lnghk;kd;. mtiug;NghyNt tPud;
Cikj;Jiu> NtY ehr;rpahu;> rptfq;if kUJ
rNfhjuu;fs;> jPud; rpd;dkiy KjyhNdhu;
Mq;fpNyaiu vjpu;j;J tPukuzk; mile;jdu;.
mtu;fspd; cupikg;Nghu; Njhw;whYk; mtu;fs;
cz;lhf;fpa tpLjiy czu;T tsu;e;jJ.

12. ghyfq;fhju jpyfu;;
,e;jpa jpUehl;bd; tpLjiyf;F “Rje;jpuNk vdJ
gpwg;Gupik” vd;W Kof;fkpl;L Nghuhl;lj;jpy; gq;Nfw;wtu;
ghyfq;fhju jpyfu;. mtiu jPtpukhf gpd;gw;wp
Mq;fpNyaiu jkpofj;jpy; vjpu;j;jtu; fg;gNyhl;ba jkpou;
t.c.rpjk;gudhu;. mtiu rpiwapy; milj;jdu;. mq;F
mtu; nrf;fpOj;jhu;. Mq;fpNyau;fspd; rpj;utijf;F mtu;
Mshfpdhu;. fy;Yilj;jhu;> firabg;gl;lhu;> MapDk;
tpLjiyf;F jk; tho;it mu;g;gzpj;jhu;.

13. Rg;gpukzpa rpth
ehl;Lg;gw;iw Jwf;fhj Jwtp
Rg;gpukzpa rpth. Mq;fpNya
Ml;rpapd; mlf;F Kiwf;F gy
,d;dy;fis mDgtpj;jtu;.
rpiwapy; milj;j NghJ
mtUf;F njhONeha; Vw;gl;lJ.
me;Nehiag; gw;wp fz;Lf;
nfhs;shky; tpLjiy
Nghuhl;lj;jpy; gq;Nfw;whu;.

14. ghujp
;
“mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy mr;r nkd;gjpy;iyNa
,r;rfj;J cs;shnuyhk; vjpu;j;J epd;w NghjpDk;>
mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy mr;r nkd;gjpy;iyNa
Jr;rkhf vz;zp ek;ik J}Wnra;j NghjpDk;
mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy mr;r nkd;gjpy;iyNa”
vd;W Koq;fp %iyapy; Klq;fp fple;jtu;fis
jl;bnaOg;gpdhu; ek; Njrpaf;ftp ghujpahu;.

15. khtPud; thQ;rpehjd;
“fj;jpapd;wp uj;jkpd;wp Aj;jnkhd;W tUFJ”
vd;w ,uhkypq;fupd; rpe;jid jkpof tpLjiy
tPuu;fspd; Ntjke;jpukhf ghlg;gl;lJ. M; vd;w
Mq;fpy mjpfhupia Jg;ghf;fp Fz;Lf;F
,iuahf;fptpl;L jd;idAk; kha;j;JfÊ nfhz;lhu;
thQ;rpehjd;. Ve;jpa %tu;zf;nfhbia jdJ capNu
NghdhYk; ifapy; gpbj;jgb ,we;j jpUg;G+u; Fkud;
Nghd;Nwhu; ehl;L tpLjiyf;fhf jd; ,d;Dapiu
<e;jdu;. mtu;fSila gq;F <L ,izaw;wJ.

16. tpLjiygÊ Nghuhl;l jpahfpfs;
mwtopapy;> je;ij ngupahu;> nray;tPuu; fhkuhru;>
Kj;Juhkypq;f Njtu;> rj;jpa%u;j;jp Nghd;w gyUk;
tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpy; jq;fis ,izj;Jf;nfhz;l
jpahfpfs;. ,e;j jpahfpfspd; jPukpf;f njhz;bdhy;
tpLjiygÊ Nghupy; jkpof tPuu;fs; Mw;wpa gq;F
,d;Wk; ek; kdjpy; epiyj;J epw;fpd;wJ.
jkpofj;ij Nru;e;j vz;zw;w jpahfpfs;
tpLjiyf;fhf> jk; capiuAk;> cilikfisAk;
,oe;jdu;. mtu;fs; ngw;W je;j tpLjiyia fhg;gJ
ek; xt;nthUtupd; flikahFk;.

17. jpUg;g+u; Fkud;

18. ,e;jpa tpLjiyg;Nghuhl;l jpahfp. 1932 Mk;
Mz;L rl;lkWg;G ,af;fk; kPz;Lk; njhlq;fpa
NghJ jkpofk; KOtJk; mwg;Nghuhl;lk;
gutpa Neuj;jpy; jpUg;g+upy; NjrgÊgw;W
,isQu; kd;w cWg;gpdu;fs; mr;rkak;
Vw;ghL nra;j kwpay; Nghuhl;lj;jpy;
jPtpukhfg; gq;F nfhz;L> ifapy; Njrpaf;
nfhbapid Ve;jp, jhf;fg;gl;L, jbabgl;L>
kz;il gpse;J> ifapy; ,e;jpa Njrpa
nfhbia Ve;jpagb kaq;fp tpOe;J gpd;du;
kUj;Jtidapy; capu; Jwe;jtu; jpUg;g+u;
Fkud;. ,jdhy; nfhb fhj;j Fkud; vd;Wk;
miof;fg;gLfpd;whu;.

19. mQ;riy
mk;khs;
mQ;riy mk;khs;:
,tu; Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lj;jpy; <Lgl;L
jkpofj;jpd; ngUik fhj;jhu;.
1927y; ePyd; rpiy mfw;Wk;
Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jdJ FLk;gNk
<Lgl;L rpiw nrd;wJ. cg;G
rj;jpahfpufk;> jdp egu; rj;jpah
fpufk; Nghd;w Nghuhl;lq;fspy;
<Lgl;L rpiw nrd;wtu;.

20. gFj;jwpTf; nfhs;ifiaAilatu;.
mwpahik ,Uis mfw;wTk;>
kf;fspilNa Vw;wj;jho;Tfs;
ePq;fTk; ghLgl;lhu;. 1924y;
Nfusj;jpy; itf;fk; kfh Njtu;
Nfhapy; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jPz;lhik
xopg;G> rj;jpahfpufk; elj;jp ntw;wp
ngw;whu;. ,jdhy; itf;fk; tPuu;
vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhu;. fs;Sfil
kwpaypy; <Lgl;L rpiw nrd;whu;.
je;ij ngupahu;

21. ,e;jpahtpd; gpwgFjpfspd; jkpo;g;gz;ghl;bd; jhf;fk;
,yf;fpaq;fs; fhyj;jpd; fz;zhb vd;gu; rhd;Nwhu;fs;>
gz;ila jkpou;fspd; ehfuPfk;> fyhr;rhuk;> gz;ghL>
gof;f tof;fq;fs;> ek;gpf;iffs;> tho;f;ifKiw>
mftho;f;if> tPuk;> Gfo;> nfhil> Nghu; Nghd;wtw;iw
ekf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;Ltd rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs;. me;j
tifapy; rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspd; top ,e;jpahtpd; gpw
gFjpfspYk; jkpou;fSila gz;ghL ngw;wpUe;j
,lq;fs; Fwpj;J tpsf;fg;glTs;sd.

22. fhjy;;
jkpou;fSila fhjiy $Wk;NghJ md;gpd; Ie;jpiz vdyhk;.
,J xUtDk;> xUj;jpAk; nfhz;l csnkhj;j J}a fhjy;
tho;f;ifahFk;. ,J fsT> fw;G vd ,uz;lhf mikAk;.
Ie;jpiz xOf;fj;jpy; kf;fshy; tpsq;Fgtu;fs; mwpTk;>
nry;tKk; cila ey;y Fyj;jpy; gpwe;jtu;fs;. ,f;fhjy;
ehlfj;jpy; jiytd;> jiytp> Njhop> nrtpyp> ew;wha;> ghzd;>
ghbdp> $j;ju;> tpwypau;> tpUe;jpdu;> Cu;kf;fs; ghj;jpuq;fshf
tUtu;. ,f;fhjy; tho;T mwj;jpypUe;J khWglhky; md;gpd;
topg;ghlhf mikAk;.

23. tPuk;
rq;ffhyj; jkpou;fspd; tPuk; njhy;fhg;gpak;> gj;Jg;ghl;L> vl;Lj;njhif E}y;fspd;
topahf mwpag;gLfpd;wd. ntl;rp> tQ;rp> copir> Jk;ig vd;w ehd;Fk;
Gwj;jpiz gFjpfspYk;> jkpou;fspd; Nghu;Kiwfs; gw;wp fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
NghupYk; mwnewpiag; gpd;gw;wpdu; vd;gij>
“MTk; Mzpaw; ghu;g;gd khf;fSk;
ngz;bUk; gpzpAilaPUk; Ngzpj;
njd;Gy tho;ehf;F mUq;fld; ,Wf;fk;
nghd; Nghy; Gjy;tu;g; ngwh mjPUk;
vd; mk;G fbtpLJk; Kd;Wk; muz; Nru;kpd;”
,g;ghlypy; tPuk; my;yhjtu;fs;> Gwq;fhl;l XLthu;> Gz;gl;lhu;> KjpNahu;>
,isNahu;> ,tu;fs; kPJ gilf;fyk; nrYj;jf; $lhJ vd;gd GwehD}w;W ghly;
%yk; NghupYk; jkpou;fs; mwnewpia gpd;gw;wpAs;sdu; vd;gij czu
Kbfpd;wJ.

24. el;G
jkpou;fs; el;gpid ngupJk; kjpj;J tho;e;jdu;. jpUts;StUk;
cz;ikahd el;Gf;F ,yf;fzk; $wpAs;sij>
“Kfef el;gJ el;gd;W neQ;rj;J
mfef el;gJ el;G”
cs;sd;Gld; kdk; kfpo;e;J el;G nfhs;tNj cz;ikahs
el;ghFk;. vd;whu;.

25. el;G
el;gpd; rpwg;gpid fgpyu; - ghup. Nfhg;ngUQ;Nrhod; -
gprpuhe;ijahu;. mjpakhd; neLkhdQ;rp - Xsitahu; el;gpw;F
rpwe;j vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf $wyhk;. fgpyUk;> gwk;G kiyj;jtd;
ghupAk; el;ghapUe;jdu;. ghupapd; kfspu; ,UtiuAk; ghup
,we;jgpd; fgpyNu kzKbj;J itf;fpwhu;. NkYk; fgpyu; Nrud;
nry;tf;fLq;Nfh thopahjidf; fz;L gwk;G ehl;;bd; tsk;>
ghupapd; rpwg;G> mtd; tPuk; mtidg; gpupe;J thLk; kf;fs;
epiyapidf; $Wfpwhu;. jd;Dila tWik epiyikapidf;
$whky; ez;gdpd; gpupit Nrukd;ddplk; $Wk; epiy mtu;fs;
el;gpd; Moj;ij fhl;Ltjhf cs;sJ.

26. el;G
Jd;gk; tUq;fhyj;jpy; cjTfpd;w ez;gNd> cz;ikahd el;gpw;F
vLj;Jf;fhl;lhfTk; $wyhk;. ,jidNa ts;Stu; ngUe;jif
“cLf;if ,oe;jtd; ifNghy Mq;Nf
,Lf;fz; fistjhk; el;G”
vd;whu;. mNjg;Nghy mjpakhd;> neLkhdQ;rpaplk; el;G nfhz;l
xsitahu; njhz;ilkhdplk; nrd;W> mjpakhdpd; tPuk; ntspg;gLkhW
tQ;rg;Gfo;r;rpahf ghb elf;ftpUe;j ngUk;Nghiuj; jLj;jYk;> rq;f
,yf;fpaq;fshy; mwpag;gLk; nra;jpfshFk;. mjpakhDk; mkpo;jpDk;
,dpa ney;ypf;fdpia jhDz;zhJ xsitf;Ff; nfhLj;J kfpo;e;jhd;
vd;gjpypUe;J rq;ffhyj; jkpou; el;gpid ngupJk; kjpj;Jg; Nghw;wpdu;
vd;gij mwpaKbfpwJ.

27. tpUe;Njhk;gy;
tpUe;J vd;w nrhy;Yf;F ‘GJik’ vd;gJ nghUs; cwtpdUk;> ez;gUk;
my;yhjtuha; Gjpauhf ek;kplk; tUk; kf;fis ‘tpUe;J’ vd;wdu;.
jkpou;fs; mwpahjtu;fisAk; mioj;J cztspj;J> ,lkspj;J
cgrupj;J kfpo;e;jdu; jkpou;.
“nry;tpUe;J Xk;gp tUtpUe;J ghu;j;jpUg;ghd;
ey;tpUe;J thdj; jtu;f;F”
vd;fpwhu;. ts;St ngUe;jif “mwNthu;f;F mspj;jy; me;jzu; Xk;Gjy;
Mfpa mwq;fisj; jhd; nra;ahJ tpl;Nld;” vd;W fz;zfp tUe;jpf;
$Wtij rpyg;gjpfhuk; czu;j;JfpwJ. vd;gjpypUe;J tpUe;Njhk;gy;
rq;ffhy kf;fspd; gz;ghf ,Ue;jikia mwpa KbfpwJ.

28. <if
nfhilapypUe;J NtWgl;lJ <if. jpUts;Stu; <iff;F
,yf;fzk; tFj;Js;shu;.
“twpahu;f;nfhd;W <tNj <if kw;nwy;yhk;
Fwpnajpu;g;ig ePu Jilj;J”
gjpy; cjtp nra;a Kbahj ViofSf;F nfhLj;J cjTtNj
<ifj; jd;ikahFk;.

29. nfhil
rq;ffhyj;jpy; muru;fs; nfhil ts;sy;fshf
,Ue;jpUf;fpwhu;fs;. jk;ikg; ehb tUk; GytUf;Fk;>
kwtUf;Fk; nghd;idAk;> nghUisAk; tiuahJ nfhLj;J
kfpo;e;jik rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy; czu KbfpwJ. ghup>
Xup> fhup> Ngfd; Nghd;Nwhu; filNaO ts;sy;fs; vd;W
Nghw;wg;gl;ldu;. ghup Ky;iyf;Fj;NjiuAk;> Ngfd;
kapYf;Fg; Nghu;itiaAk; mspj;J mopahg; Gfo;
ngw;wtu;fs;.
rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy; gj;Jg;ghl;L> vl;Lj;njhif
E}y;fspy; xd;whd Mw;Wg;gil E}y;fs; kd;du;fspd;
nfhilj;jd;ikiaf; $Wtdthf ,Uj;jiyf;
fhz;fpNwhk; fy;ntl;Lf;fs;> nrg;NgLfs; %yKk;
kd;du;fspd; nfhilj;jd;ik mwpa KbfpwJ.

30. fw;Gilik
rq;ffhy kf;fspd; ,y;ywk; ey;ywkhf ele;jik ,yf;fpaq;fspd;
top mwpaKbfpd;wd. nrhw;fhj;Jr; Nrhu;T ,y;yhjtu;fshff;
fw;Gj; flk;G+z;L ,Ue;jikia ts;Stu;>
“nja;tk; njhohms; nfhOed; njhOnjOths;
nga;nadg; nga;Ak; kio”
vd;W $Wfpwhu;.

31. cyf xUikg;ghL
gz;ilj; jkpou;fs; ehfuPfg; gz;ghl;by; rpwe;J tpsq;fpdu;.
jkpo;ehl;by; coT> njhopy;> thzpfk; Nghd;w njhopy;;fSk;
mtw;wpd; rhu;G njhopy;fSk; rpwe;jpUe;jd. fly; fle;J ntsp
ehLfSf;Fk; nrd;W jkpou; thzpfk; nra;J rpwe;jdu;. ekJ
gz;ghL> ehfuPfk;> nkhopahTk;> ntspehLfspy; rpwf;ff;fhuzk;
gz;ilj; jkpou;fNs. mJg;Nghy fzpad; G+q;Fd;wdhu; vd;Dk;
Gytupd; Gwg;ghly; xd;Nw ek; jkpoupd; cyf xw;Wik
nfhs;ifia cyFf;F giwrhw;Wgtdhf cs;sJ.
ahJk; Cnu ahtUk; NfsPu;
vd fzpad; g+q;Fd;wdhu; vOjpa ghliy rhd;whff; $wyhk;.

32. Rakupahij ,af;fk;
Rakupahij ,af;fk; rKjhaj;jpd; gpw;gl;l kw;Wk;
gpd;jq;fpa rKjhaj;jpd; tho;tpay; cupikf;fhfTk;
mtu;fspd; kdpj rkj;Jtj;ij typAWj;Jtjw;fhfTk;>
1925 Mk; Mz;L ngupahu; <.nt.,uhkrhkp mtu;fshy;
,e;jpahtpd; jkpof khepyj;jpy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ.
jpuhtpl fofj;jpd; Muk;g gs;sp Rakupahij ,af;fk;
MFk;. ngupahu; 1919 Mk; Mz;Lj; jdJ
tzpfj;njhopiy epWj;jptpl;Lf; fhq;fpu]; fl;rpapy;
jd;id ,izj;Jf;nfhz;lhu;. 1922 y; fhq;fpu]; fl;rpj;
jiytuhf Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhu;. jpUg;G+upy; eilngw;w
$l;lj;jpy; muR gzpfspYk;> fy;tpapYk; ,l
xJf;fPl;il mky;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nfhupf;ifia
fhq;fpu]; fl;rp Mq;fpy muRf;F typAWj;j Ntz;Lk;
vd;w Nfhupf;ifia kpfj;jPtpukhf Kd;dpWj;jpdhu;.

33. Rakupahij ,af;fk;
Rakupahij ,af;fk; ,t;tikg;G tu;zhrpuk ju;k
jj;Jtj;jpy; Cwpa r%fj;jplkpUe;J jho;j;jg;gl;l r%fj;ij
kPl;nlLf;fTk;> mtu;fis rKjhaj;jpd; Nky;kl;lj;jpw;F
cau;j;jTk; ghLgl;lJ. ,t;tpaf;fj;jpd; nfhs;if jkpofj;jpy;
kl;Lkd;wp kNyrpah> rpq;fg;g+u; kw;Wk; rpq;fg;g+u; tho;
,e;jpau;fs; ,yq;if Nghd;w ehLfspy; gFj;jwpT rpe;jid
gutpajw;F ngupahu; Nghd;wtu;fs; fhuzkhthu;fs;.

34. Rakupahij ,af;fk;
kf;fis mwptpd;ikapypUe;J kPl;nlLf;fTk; njspTilatu;fshf
khw;wTk; ,jd; nfhs;iffs; toptif nra;jd. gFj;jwpTr;
rpe;jidAld; kf;fspd; nray;ghLfs;> gFj;jwpthsu;fs;
gpd;gw;wg;gl Ntz;ba flikfshfg; gytw;iw ,t;tpaf;fk;
typAWj;jpaJ. Rakupahijf;fhuu;fs; gpuhkzg;> GNuhfpjupy;yh
rkar; rlq;fpy;yh jpUkzq;fs;> eilngw typAWj;jpd. MZk;>
ngz;Zk; rkk;. mtu;fs; NtWghbd;wp rkkhf thOk; Kiwia
typAWj;jpaJ.

35. Rakupahij
,af;fk;
rhjp kj kWg;G jpUkzj;ijAk;>
ifk;ngz; jpUkzj;ijAk;
Cf;fg;gLj;jpaJ. mstpy;yh Foe;ijfs;
ngWtijj;jLf;Fk; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;il
1920fspNyNa typAWj;jpaJ.
Nfhapy;fspy; rl;lj;jpw;Fk; Gwk;ghfg;
gpd;gw;wg;gLk; Njtjhrp KiwiaAk;>
Foe;ijj; jpUkzj;ijAk;> jilnra;jJ.
,jdpDk; Kf;fpaf; nfhs;ifahf muR
epu;thfg;gzp> fy;tp> ,tw;wpy; ,l
xJf;fPL Kiwia filgpbf;f kjuh];
muR epu;thfj;ij 1928NyNa
typAWj;jpaJ.

36. Rakupahij
,af;fk;
Rakupahij ,af;fj;jpd; nray;ghL md;whl
tho;f;ifapd; midj;J jsq;fisAk;
jOtpaJ. Fwpg;ghf FLk;g tho;f;ifapy;
ciwe;jpUf;Fk; rhjp> kj ntspg;ghLfspy;
mJ jiyapl;lJ. me;j jiyaPLfspy;
Kf;fpakhdJ Rakupahij jpUkzq;fs;>
Rakupahij jpUkzk; vd;gJ FLk;gk;
cs;Su; r%fj;ij gpw;Nghf;Fj;
jsq;fspypUe;J kPl;Fk; Kaw;rpahf
tpsq;fpaJ. ,af;fk; Jtq;fpa Kg;gJ
tUlq;fspy; midj;Jj; jkpof
khtl;lq;fspYk; rhjp kWg;G> gpuhkzpa
rlq;Ffs; kWg;G> GNuhfpju; kw;Wk; rk];fpUj
ke;jpuq;fs; jtpu;j;j Rakupahij
jpUkzq;fs; ele;Js;sd.