The document introduces square and cube numbers. Square numbers result from multiplying a number by itself, such as 4 x 4 = 16. Cube numbers result from multiplying a number by itself three times, such as 3 x 3 x 3 = 27. It provides the first 10 square numbers and first 5 cube numbers as examples. It explains that we write exponents like 11^2 instead of writing out 11 x 11 to show squaring a number.

1. Squares and Cubes

2. Square numbers are a curious mathematical phenomena. Mathematicians invented them and we try to use them whenever we can. They come not surprisingly from SQUARES(who’d believe it huh!) We shall now find the first 10 square numbers. Answer the questions How many little squares can you see?

3. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4

4. 5 5 6 6

5. 7 7 8 8

6. 9 9

7. 10 10

8. And these are your square numbers . They are the result of multiplying a number by itself Eg 11 x 11 = 121 121 is the eleventh square number. Now having to write out 11 x 11 is fairly easy. As you know mathematicians like shortcuts so instead we write 11 2 The little 2 means times by itself. And we say 11 squared. 1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81,100

9. Cube numbers Cube numbers are another curiosity, They come not surprisingly from cubes(really they do) We shall now find the first five cube numbers Answer the questions. How many little cubes are there 1 1 1

10. 2 cubed 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 3 cubed 3 x 3 x 3 = 27 4 cubed 4 x 4 x 4 = 64 5 cubed 5 x 5 x 5 = 125

11. And these are your cube numbers. They are the result of multiplying a whole number by itself and then by itself again. Eg 10 x 10 x 10 = 1000 1000 is the tenth cube number. We write 10 3 = 1000 1 8 27 64 125

12. Questions Two square numbers add up to 26 what are they? 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 2 = 1 3 + 2 3 + 3 3