The document describes the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2), which provides a standardized method for evaluating athletes aged 10 and older who have sustained a concussion. The SCAT2 enables medical professionals to calculate scores for sideline concussion assessment, including the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) and Maddocks questions. It includes sections to evaluate symptoms, physical signs, balance, coordination, cognitive function, and delayed recall through tests of orientation, immediate and delayed memory.
The document provides information about stress physiology and managing stress. It discusses how understanding the physiology of stress helps with relaxation skills and promotes deeper relaxation and healing. It then provides exercises for students to review hormones involved in stress responses, identify any stress-related physical symptoms experienced in the past week, and create a personal health profile analyzing physical health markers and how they relate to stress levels and health norms.
This document discusses how technology can help optometry students with learning disabilities succeed. It provides examples of software and tools that can assist with memory, listening/reading, and writing challenges. These include note-taking programs, text-to-speech readers, speech-to-text dictation, and tools to aid with spelling and typing. The number of resources continues to grow as more software is developed to support students with learning disabilities.
Simulated 3D: Research, Education and In Your Office Reviews/Questions/AnswersDominick Maino
This is the second half of the moderator's (Dr. Dominick Maino) presentation for the Simulated 3D Symposium held this October in Orlando, Fl for the College of Optometrists in Vision Development Annual meeting.
Diagnosis and Management of Special Populations Part II 2010Dominick Maino
Diagnosis and Management of Special Populations presents the latest in the assessment and treatment of those with physical, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities. Up to date information concerning the etiology, prevalence/incidence and physical/cognitive findings of individuals with developmental disabilities (Cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, autism, acquired/traumatic brain injury) will be discussed. New diagnostic and treatment techniques are reviewed. The eye care practitioner will be able to confidently provide eye and vision care for those with disability at the end of this presentation.
PDF Handout: D Maino: Visual Diagnosis and Care of the Patient with Special N...Dominick Maino
This is a copy of my handout of the lecture given in class today. (Copyright 2016). You may download and use this for any non-commercial educational purpose.
Current Clinical Case Reorts & Research You Should Incorporate into Your Mode...Dominick Maino
Dominick Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A
Moderator
Featuring the Best of AOA's 2016 Poster Presentations
Saturday, July 2nd 8-10AM
Five of the very best, clinically relevant posters were chosen to be given during the American Optometric Association meeting in Boston in 2016. These posters were chosen by the AOA Poster Committee (Dr. Dominick M. Maino, Chair).
Neuroplasticity and Vision Therapy for Adults; A Case SeriesDominick Maino
This poster was presented at the American Optometric Association's Annual meeting in Boston, MA 06/2016
The bottom line:
The visual cortex has the capacity for experience dependent change (neuroplasticity) throughout life. Unfortunately, when it comes to the adult with binocular vision problems, this is not always recognized as being true even though there is strong clinical evidence to suggest a high level of adult neuroplasticity. Current research shows that adults tend to have numerous anomalies associated with the binocular vision system especially within certain populations. This case series demonstrates how those even approaching 70 years of age can benefit from optometric vision therapy.
1. The SCAT5 is a standardized tool for evaluating suspected concussions designed to be used by medical professionals.
2. It involves an immediate on-field screening of an injured athlete including assessment of red flags, observable signs, memory function, and basic neurological exam.
3. Further off-field testing involves getting athlete background information, a symptom evaluation, cognitive assessment including orientation, immediate memory, and concentration.
The document provides information about stress physiology and managing stress. It discusses how understanding the physiology of stress helps with relaxation skills and promotes deeper relaxation and healing. It then provides exercises for students to review hormones involved in stress responses, identify any stress-related physical symptoms experienced in the past week, and create a personal health profile analyzing physical health markers and how they relate to stress levels and health norms.
This document discusses how technology can help optometry students with learning disabilities succeed. It provides examples of software and tools that can assist with memory, listening/reading, and writing challenges. These include note-taking programs, text-to-speech readers, speech-to-text dictation, and tools to aid with spelling and typing. The number of resources continues to grow as more software is developed to support students with learning disabilities.
Simulated 3D: Research, Education and In Your Office Reviews/Questions/AnswersDominick Maino
This is the second half of the moderator's (Dr. Dominick Maino) presentation for the Simulated 3D Symposium held this October in Orlando, Fl for the College of Optometrists in Vision Development Annual meeting.
Diagnosis and Management of Special Populations Part II 2010Dominick Maino
Diagnosis and Management of Special Populations presents the latest in the assessment and treatment of those with physical, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities. Up to date information concerning the etiology, prevalence/incidence and physical/cognitive findings of individuals with developmental disabilities (Cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, autism, acquired/traumatic brain injury) will be discussed. New diagnostic and treatment techniques are reviewed. The eye care practitioner will be able to confidently provide eye and vision care for those with disability at the end of this presentation.
PDF Handout: D Maino: Visual Diagnosis and Care of the Patient with Special N...Dominick Maino
This is a copy of my handout of the lecture given in class today. (Copyright 2016). You may download and use this for any non-commercial educational purpose.
Current Clinical Case Reorts & Research You Should Incorporate into Your Mode...Dominick Maino
Dominick Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A
Moderator
Featuring the Best of AOA's 2016 Poster Presentations
Saturday, July 2nd 8-10AM
Five of the very best, clinically relevant posters were chosen to be given during the American Optometric Association meeting in Boston in 2016. These posters were chosen by the AOA Poster Committee (Dr. Dominick M. Maino, Chair).
Neuroplasticity and Vision Therapy for Adults; A Case SeriesDominick Maino
This poster was presented at the American Optometric Association's Annual meeting in Boston, MA 06/2016
The bottom line:
The visual cortex has the capacity for experience dependent change (neuroplasticity) throughout life. Unfortunately, when it comes to the adult with binocular vision problems, this is not always recognized as being true even though there is strong clinical evidence to suggest a high level of adult neuroplasticity. Current research shows that adults tend to have numerous anomalies associated with the binocular vision system especially within certain populations. This case series demonstrates how those even approaching 70 years of age can benefit from optometric vision therapy.
1. The SCAT5 is a standardized tool for evaluating suspected concussions designed to be used by medical professionals.
2. It involves an immediate on-field screening of an injured athlete including assessment of red flags, observable signs, memory function, and basic neurological exam.
3. Further off-field testing involves getting athlete background information, a symptom evaluation, cognitive assessment including orientation, immediate memory, and concentration.
This document summarizes information on assessing sports concussions. It describes the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT), which provides standardized evaluation of athletes suspected of concussion. The SCAT involves on-field assessment of signs and symptoms, as well as off-field cognitive and neurological screening. On-field assessment includes checks for red flags, observable signs, memory questions, and cervical spine examination. Off-field assessment covers athlete history, symptom evaluation, cognitive tests of orientation, memory and concentration, and neurological examination of tasks like balance. The SCAT aims to determine if concussion is diagnosed and gauge recovery by monitoring improvements on follow-up evaluations.
The document provides information about Tai Chi for Arthritis, including its benefits and research support. It describes Tai Chi as a slow, meditative exercise developed in China that combines movement with stress reduction. The Tai Chi for Arthritis program specifically was created by Dr. Paul Lam to benefit people with arthritis and improve balance. Research shows it can increase strength and flexibility, reduce pain, stress, and blood pressure, improve balance and sense of well-being. Studies found it reduces falls risk in older adults and people with osteoarthritis see symptom improvement and better physical functioning after practicing the program.
The document provides information about Tai Chi for Arthritis, including its benefits and research supporting its effectiveness. It was developed by Dr. Paul Lam for people with arthritis and elderly individuals with balance problems. Tai Chi combines movement with stress reduction to improve health. Research shows it can increase strength and flexibility, decrease pain and stress, improve balance, and reduce falls in older adults. The document encourages healthcare providers to recommend Tai Chi for Arthritis to eligible patients.
The document provides information about evaluating concussions in children aged 5 to 12 using the Child SCAT5 tool. It begins with background on the tool and how it is intended to be used. The assessment involves an immediate/on-field evaluation of signs and symptoms, followed by a more comprehensive office/off-field evaluation including cognitive screening tests and symptom scales to be completed by the child and parent. The goal is to properly diagnose and manage concussions, with an emphasis on safety and monitoring for deterioration.
This document provides information about concussions in football, including definitions, symptoms, treatment guidelines, and long-term effects. It defines a concussion as a brief disruption of brain function caused by a blow or jarring motion to the head. Symptoms may include headaches, dizziness, memory problems, and more. The document outlines return to play guidelines and emphasizes the importance of not returning to play until fully recovered to avoid second impact syndrome, which can have severe consequences. It also discusses potential long-term effects of repeated concussions like chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
This document provides instructions on how to measure heart rate by checking one's pulse and counting beats over 10 seconds. It includes a table to record heart rate data from sitting, walking in place, jumping jacks, and chair steps. Students are asked to graph their results and answer questions analyzing their data and comparisons to others in their group. They are to draw conclusions about how heart rate increases with exercise and varies between individuals.
This document provides the results of various fitness assessments for a 33-year-old female client named NoMo Phat. It includes assessments of her resting heart rate and blood pressure, muscular fitness, flexibility, and body composition. Her results were within normal ranges for all assessments, indicating overall good cardiovascular health, muscular fitness, flexibility, and body composition. The document will be used to develop an exercise prescription to help her meet her goal of running a 10k race in four months while losing 50 pounds to reduce her health risks.
This document provides an overview of concussion management and vestibular rehabilitation exercises. It defines a concussion, describes how they occur and affect the brain. Assessment tools like VOMS and BESS are outlined to screen for vestibular and balance issues. A multi-disciplinary approach to management is recommended. The presentation then details vestibular exercises including gaze stability, habituation, static and dynamic balance training as well as cardiovascular exercise. Proper progression of an individualized home exercise program over 6-12 weeks is emphasized for recovery.
April 11, 2018
With growing neuroscientific research on sports concussions, states have revised their policies and statutes. Yet at present we have limited research on how these state sports concussion laws are working. This panel explored the intersection of neuroscience and law in the context of preventing, detecting, and treating youth sports concussions.
For more information, visit our website at: http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/how-to-fix-youth-sports-concussion-laws
This document provides an overview of sport concussions including:
- The purpose is to raise awareness of concussions, decrease their number, and provide information on management and prevention.
- It discusses common signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, recovery models, return to play protocols, and neuropsychological testing.
- Key points emphasized are that concussions are serious injuries, athletes should be immediately removed from play if a concussion is suspected, and return to play decisions should not be made until cleared by a medical professional.
The document provides information on assessing patients with spinal cord injuries. It discusses assessing incidence rates, relevant history, physical and neurological examinations, muscle performance, pain, range of motion, reflexes, aerobic capacity, arousal, gait, motor function, and more. Assessment tools mentioned include the ASIA impairment scale, manual muscle testing, pain scales, goniometry to measure range of motion, deep tendon reflex testing, and tests of cognition, balance, and mobility.
These documents contain daily lesson plans and activities for a physical education class. The plans include warm-up activities, learning objectives, and agendas. Many of the documents contain "Do Now" questions for students to answer at the start of class on topics like target heart rate, cardiovascular health benefits, and the FITT principle for cardio training. The agendas generally involve warm-up, skills practice, and cool-down activities. The documents provide an overview of the curriculum and topics being covered in this physical education course over time.
Angiography is a test that uses an injection of dye to visualize arteries on X-rays. It is commonly used to examine blood vessels when considering surgery or to locate tumors. Patients prepare by fasting and taking medications as directed. The procedure involves inserting a catheter into an artery and injecting dye while images are taken. There are some risks like allergic reactions or damage to blood vessels. The results provide clear images of arteries to help diagnose conditions.
Aging Oxidative Stress and Dietary OxidantsDominick Maino
This book review summarizes the text "Aging: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants" which discusses how oxidative stress impacts the aging process and various age-related diseases. It contains 29 chapters authored by 82 contributors exploring topics like the role of antioxidants in reducing frailty, supporting cardiovascular health and preventing Alzheimer's disease. The review highlights how certain foods, herbs, spices and supplements can potentially slow aging by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. While technical at times, the book's diagrams and photographs help explain complex topics for readers without extensive scientific backgrounds. The reviewer recommends it for anyone wanting to better understand senior health and the science behind antioxidants.
This document summarizes information on assessing sports concussions. It describes the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT), which provides standardized evaluation of athletes suspected of concussion. The SCAT involves on-field assessment of signs and symptoms, as well as off-field cognitive and neurological screening. On-field assessment includes checks for red flags, observable signs, memory questions, and cervical spine examination. Off-field assessment covers athlete history, symptom evaluation, cognitive tests of orientation, memory and concentration, and neurological examination of tasks like balance. The SCAT aims to determine if concussion is diagnosed and gauge recovery by monitoring improvements on follow-up evaluations.
The document provides information about Tai Chi for Arthritis, including its benefits and research support. It describes Tai Chi as a slow, meditative exercise developed in China that combines movement with stress reduction. The Tai Chi for Arthritis program specifically was created by Dr. Paul Lam to benefit people with arthritis and improve balance. Research shows it can increase strength and flexibility, reduce pain, stress, and blood pressure, improve balance and sense of well-being. Studies found it reduces falls risk in older adults and people with osteoarthritis see symptom improvement and better physical functioning after practicing the program.
The document provides information about Tai Chi for Arthritis, including its benefits and research supporting its effectiveness. It was developed by Dr. Paul Lam for people with arthritis and elderly individuals with balance problems. Tai Chi combines movement with stress reduction to improve health. Research shows it can increase strength and flexibility, decrease pain and stress, improve balance, and reduce falls in older adults. The document encourages healthcare providers to recommend Tai Chi for Arthritis to eligible patients.
The document provides information about evaluating concussions in children aged 5 to 12 using the Child SCAT5 tool. It begins with background on the tool and how it is intended to be used. The assessment involves an immediate/on-field evaluation of signs and symptoms, followed by a more comprehensive office/off-field evaluation including cognitive screening tests and symptom scales to be completed by the child and parent. The goal is to properly diagnose and manage concussions, with an emphasis on safety and monitoring for deterioration.
This document provides information about concussions in football, including definitions, symptoms, treatment guidelines, and long-term effects. It defines a concussion as a brief disruption of brain function caused by a blow or jarring motion to the head. Symptoms may include headaches, dizziness, memory problems, and more. The document outlines return to play guidelines and emphasizes the importance of not returning to play until fully recovered to avoid second impact syndrome, which can have severe consequences. It also discusses potential long-term effects of repeated concussions like chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
This document provides instructions on how to measure heart rate by checking one's pulse and counting beats over 10 seconds. It includes a table to record heart rate data from sitting, walking in place, jumping jacks, and chair steps. Students are asked to graph their results and answer questions analyzing their data and comparisons to others in their group. They are to draw conclusions about how heart rate increases with exercise and varies between individuals.
This document provides the results of various fitness assessments for a 33-year-old female client named NoMo Phat. It includes assessments of her resting heart rate and blood pressure, muscular fitness, flexibility, and body composition. Her results were within normal ranges for all assessments, indicating overall good cardiovascular health, muscular fitness, flexibility, and body composition. The document will be used to develop an exercise prescription to help her meet her goal of running a 10k race in four months while losing 50 pounds to reduce her health risks.
This document provides an overview of concussion management and vestibular rehabilitation exercises. It defines a concussion, describes how they occur and affect the brain. Assessment tools like VOMS and BESS are outlined to screen for vestibular and balance issues. A multi-disciplinary approach to management is recommended. The presentation then details vestibular exercises including gaze stability, habituation, static and dynamic balance training as well as cardiovascular exercise. Proper progression of an individualized home exercise program over 6-12 weeks is emphasized for recovery.
April 11, 2018
With growing neuroscientific research on sports concussions, states have revised their policies and statutes. Yet at present we have limited research on how these state sports concussion laws are working. This panel explored the intersection of neuroscience and law in the context of preventing, detecting, and treating youth sports concussions.
For more information, visit our website at: http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/how-to-fix-youth-sports-concussion-laws
This document provides an overview of sport concussions including:
- The purpose is to raise awareness of concussions, decrease their number, and provide information on management and prevention.
- It discusses common signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, recovery models, return to play protocols, and neuropsychological testing.
- Key points emphasized are that concussions are serious injuries, athletes should be immediately removed from play if a concussion is suspected, and return to play decisions should not be made until cleared by a medical professional.
The document provides information on assessing patients with spinal cord injuries. It discusses assessing incidence rates, relevant history, physical and neurological examinations, muscle performance, pain, range of motion, reflexes, aerobic capacity, arousal, gait, motor function, and more. Assessment tools mentioned include the ASIA impairment scale, manual muscle testing, pain scales, goniometry to measure range of motion, deep tendon reflex testing, and tests of cognition, balance, and mobility.
These documents contain daily lesson plans and activities for a physical education class. The plans include warm-up activities, learning objectives, and agendas. Many of the documents contain "Do Now" questions for students to answer at the start of class on topics like target heart rate, cardiovascular health benefits, and the FITT principle for cardio training. The agendas generally involve warm-up, skills practice, and cool-down activities. The documents provide an overview of the curriculum and topics being covered in this physical education course over time.
Angiography is a test that uses an injection of dye to visualize arteries on X-rays. It is commonly used to examine blood vessels when considering surgery or to locate tumors. Patients prepare by fasting and taking medications as directed. The procedure involves inserting a catheter into an artery and injecting dye while images are taken. There are some risks like allergic reactions or damage to blood vessels. The results provide clear images of arteries to help diagnose conditions.
Aging Oxidative Stress and Dietary OxidantsDominick Maino
This book review summarizes the text "Aging: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants" which discusses how oxidative stress impacts the aging process and various age-related diseases. It contains 29 chapters authored by 82 contributors exploring topics like the role of antioxidants in reducing frailty, supporting cardiovascular health and preventing Alzheimer's disease. The review highlights how certain foods, herbs, spices and supplements can potentially slow aging by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. While technical at times, the book's diagrams and photographs help explain complex topics for readers without extensive scientific backgrounds. The reviewer recommends it for anyone wanting to better understand senior health and the science behind antioxidants.
06 17 current research that you should incorporate into yourDominick Maino
This course presents the best research posters from the 2017 American Optometric Association conference, featuring 5 presentations on topics ranging from concussive effects in veterans to myopia in children to management of central serous retinopathy and choroideremia. The document provides background on the poster selection process and encourages optometrists to submit their own case reports and clinical research for consideration in future poster sessions. It concludes with a question and answer period following the 5 presentations.
06 17 current research that you should incorporate into yourDominick Maino
This document summarizes a course featuring the best poster presentations from the 2017 AOA conference. It discusses 5 poster presentations that were selected to be highlighted covering topics like concussive effects in veterans, myopia in children in China, corneal edema, central serous retinopathy, and low vision rehabilitation for choroideremia. The document provides details on the abstract review process and encourages clinicians to submit case reports and research to the 2018 poster session.
Cerebral Palsy is a motor disability appearing in early life due to brain damage. It has a prevalence of 1-4 per 1000 live births. Etiologies include prenatal, perinatal and postnatal insults. It is classified as spastic, dyskinetic or ataxic. Visual characteristics include refractive errors like hyperopia, strabismus in over 10% of cases, and reduced accommodation. Down Syndrome is a genetic condition caused by trisomy 21. Its prevalence is about 1 in 700 live births. Physical characteristics include low muscle tone, a flat facial profile, and health issues such as congenital heart defects and hearing loss.
My students and I wrote several translations of how to conduct an eye examination (mostly my students since my language skills are not very good!). I know there are many ways, and perhaps better ways to ask these questions, but this could be a starting point. Feel free to adapt this to your needs and to make this even better. Please share when you do.
My students and I wrote several translations of how to conduct an eye examination (mostly my students since my language skills are not very good!). I know there are many ways, and perhaps better ways to ask these questions, but this could be a starting point. Feel free to adapt this to your needs and to make this even better. Please share when you do.
Let me know what you think. (dmaino@ico.edu).
Writing the Perfect Poster Abstract in 20 Minutes or LessDominick Maino
One of the easiest ways to begin your publishing career is to present a poster during one of the many annual meetings held by professional optometry. These meetings include but are not limited to the College of Optometrists in Vision Development, American Academy of Optometry and the American Optometric Association. This presentation reviews the step by step process involved in writing an abstract that will be accepted for presentation by these and other organizations most of the time. Once the abstract is written, you are one third of the way to making a significant contribution to the optometric literature. The other two thirds include, creating the poster and writing the final paper to be submitted to an appropriate journal for publication (the last two topics will be addressed at other meetings and/or within future VDR articles). You are encouraged to bring information for a case report and/or case series that you wish to use for a poster in the future.
This course presents the latest information concerning cortical visual impairment, its etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Various topics reviewed include cortical vs cerebral visual impairment, ventral/dorsal visual streams, visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity. Also discussed are various retinoscopy techniques, overlapping functional vision disorders, and visual stimulation/therapy for these disorders.
Course Objectives
At the end of this course, the participant will:
Be able to identify cortical vs cerebral visual impairment
Be able to access various vision functions such as visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, oculomotor and accommodative disorders
Be able to treat the diagnosed vision problems with all the tools available to the optometrist (spectacles, low vision devices, vision rehabilitative techniques)
Be aware of and use outside resources to supplement and add to any therapeutic interventions recommended
AOA "There's More to 3D than Meets the Eye"Dominick Maino
The American Optometric Association did an awesome job in making a potentially hard to understand topic...easier to understand. If you have problems with viewing 3D, please review this PowerPoint presentation.
A,B,V's of School Performance: Academics, Behavior and VisionDominick Maino
This presentation is geared towards teachers and professional teaching staff, but can also be adapted for parents and others. It reviews the three O's of eye care (Optometry, Ophthalmology, Optician), the optometric examination, learning related vision problems and more.
Evidence Based Practice: Pediatrics, Binocular Vision and Patients with Speci...Dominick Maino
This document discusses evidence-based clinical practice in pediatrics and optometry, specifically for patients with special needs. It covers different perspectives of clinicians and researchers, as well as patients' views. It questions whether evidence is needed for everything, given limitations of randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews. The document also discusses levels of scientific evidence and grades of evidence in evaluating research studies and forming clinical recommendations.
060915 current research that you should incorporate into yourDominick Maino
Current Research that You Should Incorporate into Your Mode of Practice Now!
Dominick Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD‐A
Moderator
Featuring the Best of AOA's 2015 Poster Presentations
Jun‐27‐2015 8:00AM ‐ 10:00AM
Optic Nerve Head Drusen: A Myriad of Presentations
Jennifer L. Jones, Sylvia E. Sparrow, Christina Grosshans
Validation Study of New LCD‐Based Contrast Sensitivity Testing Method
Sarah Henderson, Jeung H Kim, Paul Harris
Bilateral Cystoid Macular Edema in Retinitis Pigmentosa and its Management
Lindsay T. Gibney
An ODE to Optic Disc Edema
Kelli Theisen
Is Binocular Balancing with Subjective Refraction a thing of the Past?
David Geffen
Optometry's Meeting 2015
Seattle, Washington
Maino D. Agenda Driven Research. Vis Dev Rehab 2015; 1(1):7-11.
Read the editorial.....
Conclusion
It is time for all to put aside our agendas,
our biases, our preconceived notions. It is time
to work together to determine best practices
even if it is contrary to prevailing opinion. The
world is not flat. Amblyopia can be treated at
any age. And optometric vision therapy is an
appropriate treatment modality for disorders of
he binocular vision system.
Dr. Dominick Maino Quoted in AOAFocus Article: Wearable WonderDominick Maino
".....Dominick M Maino, O.D., M.Ed., FAAO, FCOVD-A, professor of pediatrics and binocular vision at the Illinois College of Optometry and private practitioner at Lyons Family Eye Care in Chicago, imagines a world in which people with dementia wear unobtrusive GPS devices that allow family members to easily track them if they leave the safety of their homes. Or, he imagines Google Contacts, which are being designed to monitor blood glucose levels, working seamlessly with insulin pumps, so one's blood sugar never veers out of healthy range. The possibilities are endless. Already, engineers are developing bracelets for the hearing impaired that can translate hand movements into words. For optometrists such as Dr. Maino, who see a great number of patients with disabilities, such technology could be quite useful.
"In the not-too-distant future—probably in my lifetime—both in terms of prevention and monitoring of health, we will probably all be wearing one or more devices that talk to each other," Dr. Maino says. "But right now, much of this is in the development stage or just vaporware."...."
This document discusses pediatric cortical visual impairment (PCVI). It begins by defining PCVI and exploring its history. PCVI is caused by injury to the brain rather than the eyes. The document then examines diagnostic approaches for PCVI, including assessing visual acuity, refractive error, oculomotor function, and more. It also discusses functional vision anomalies that can occur with PCVI like amblyopia. The document concludes by outlining treatment approaches for PCVI like using glasses, vision therapy, and modifying the home environment to encourage visual stimulation.
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
Debunking Nutrition Myths: Separating Fact from Fiction"AlexandraDiaz101
In a world overflowing with diet trends and conflicting nutrition advice, it’s easy to get lost in misinformation. This article cuts through the noise to debunk common nutrition myths that may be sabotaging your health goals. From the truth about carbohydrates and fats to the real effects of sugar and artificial sweeteners, we break down what science actually says. Equip yourself with knowledge to make informed decisions about your diet, and learn how to navigate the complexities of modern nutrition with confidence. Say goodbye to food confusion and hello to a healthier you!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7
Sports
1. none mild moderate severe
Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2
Symptom Evaluation
What is the SCAT2?1
This tool represents a standardized method of evaluating
injured athletes for concussion and can be used in athletes
aged from 10 years and older. It supersedes the original SCAT
published in 20052
. This tool also enables the calculation of the
Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC)3, 4
score and the
Maddocks questions5
for sideline concussion assessment.
Instructions for using the SCAT2
The SCAT2 is designed for the use of medical and health
professionals. Preseason baseline testing with the SCAT2 can
be helpful for interpreting post-injury test scores. Words in
Italics throughout the SCAT2 are the instructions given to the
athlete by the tester.
This tool may be freely copied for distribtion to individuals,
teams, groups and organizations.
What is a concussion?
A concussion is a disturbance in brain function caused by a
direct or indirect force to the head. It results in a variety of non-
specific symptoms (like those listed below) and often does not
involve loss of consciousness. Concussion should be suspected
in the presence of any one or more of the following:
• Symptoms (such as headache), or
• Physical signs (such as unsteadiness), or
• Impaired brain function (e.g. confusion) or
• Abnormal behaviour.
Any athlete with a suspected concussion should be
REMOVED FROM PLAY, medically assessed, monitored for
deterioration (i.e., should not be left alone) and should
not drive a motor vehicle.
SCAT2 Sport Concussion Assesment Tool 2 | Page 1
SCAT2
How do you feel?
You should score yourself on the following symptoms, based on how
you feel now.
Headache 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
“Pressure in head” 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Neck Pain 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Nausea or vomiting 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Dizziness 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Blurred vision 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Balance problems 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sensitivity to light 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sensitivity to noise 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Feeling slowed down 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Feeling like “in a fog“ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
“Don’t feel right” 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Difficulty concentrating 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Difficulty remembering 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Fatigue or low energy 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Confusion 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Drowsiness 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Trouble falling asleep (if applicable) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
More emotional 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Irritability 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sadness 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Nervous or Anxious 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Total number of symptoms (Maximum possible 22)
Symptom severity score
(Add all scores in table, maximum possible: 22 x 6 = 132)
Do the symptoms get worse with physical activity? Y N
Do the symptoms get worse with mental activity? Y N
Overall rating
If you know the athlete well prior to the injury, how different is the
athlete acting compared to his / her usual self? Please circle one response.
no different very different unsure
Name
Sport / team
Date / time of injury
Date / time of assessment
Age Gender n M n F
Years of education completed
Examiner
2. Cognitive & Physical Evaluation
Symptom score (from page 1)
22 minus number of symptoms of 22
Physical signs score
Was there loss of consciousness or unresponsiveness? Y N
If yes, how long? minutes
Was there a balance problem / unsteadiness? Y N
Physical signs score (1 point for each negative response) of 2
Glasgow coma scale (GCS)
Best eye response (E)
No eye opening 1
Eye opening in response to pain 2
Eye opening to speech 3
Eyes opening spontaneously 4
Best verbal response (V)
No verbal response 1
Incomprehensible sounds 2
Inappropriate words 3
Confused 4
Oriented 5
Best motor response (M)
No motor response 1
Extension to pain 2
Abnormal flexion to pain 3
Flexion / Withdrawal to pain 4
Localizes to pain 5
Obeys commands 6
Glasgow Coma score (E + V + M) of 15
GCS should be recorded for all athletes in case of subsequent deterioration.
Sideline Assessment – Maddocks Score
“I am going to ask you a few questions, please listen carefully
and give your best effort.”
Modified Maddocks questions (1 point for each correct answer)
At what venue are we at today? 0 1
Which half is it now? 0 1
Who scored last in this match? 0 1
What team did you play last week / game? 0 1
Did your team win the last game? 0 1
Maddocks score of 5
Maddocks score is validated for sideline diagnosis of concussion only and is not
included in SCAT 2 summary score for serial testing.
Cognitive assessment
Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC)
Orientation (1 point for each correct answer)
What month is it? 0 1
What is the date today? 0 1
What is the day of the week? 0 1
What year is it? 0 1
What time is it right now? (within 1 hour) 0 1
Orientation score of 5
Immediate memory
“I am going to test your memory. I will read you a list of words
and when I am done, repeat back as many words as you can
remember, in any order.”
Trials 2 & 3:
“I am going to repeat the same list again. Repeat back as many
words as you can remember in any order, even if you said the
word before.“
Complete all 3 trials regardless of score on trial 1 & 2. Read the words at a rate
of one per second. Score 1 pt. for each correct response. Total score equals sum
across all 3 trials. Do not inform the athlete that delayed recall will be tested.
List Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Alternative word list
elbow 0 1 0 1 0 1 candle baby finger
apple 0 1 0 1 0 1 paper monkey penny
carpet 0 1 0 1 0 1 sugar perfume blanket
saddle 0 1 0 1 0 1 sandwich sunset lemon
bubble 0 1 0 1 0 1 wagon iron insect
Total
Immediate memory score of 15
Concentration
Digits Backward:
“I am going to read you a string of numbers and when I am done,
you repeat them back to me backwards, in reverse order of how I
read them to you. For example, if I say 7-1-9, you would say 9-1-7.”
If correct, go to next string length. If incorrect, read trial 2. One point possible for
each string length. Stop after incorrect on both trials. The digits should be read at
the rate of one per second.
Alternative digit lists
4-9-3 0 1 6-2-9 5-2-6 4-1-5
3-8-1-4 0 1 3-2-7-9 1-7-9-5 4-9-6-8
6-2-9-7-1 0 1 1-5-2-8-6 3-8-5-2-7 6-1-8-4-3
7-1-8-4-6-2 0 1 5-3-9-1-4-8 8-3-1-9-6-4 7-2-4-8-5-6
Months in Reverse Order:
“Now tell me the months of the year in reverse order. Start
with the last month and go backward. So you’ll say December,
November ... Go ahead”
1 pt. for entire sequence correct
Dec-Nov-Oct-Sept-Aug-Jul-Jun-May-Apr-Mar-Feb-Jan 0 1
Concentration score of 5
SCAT2 Sport Concussion Assesment Tool 2 | Page 2
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4
5
2
3
3
McCrea M. Standardized mental status testing of acute concussion. Clinical
Journal of Sports Medicine. 2001; 11: 176-181
4
McCrea M, Randolph C, Kelly J. Standardized Assessment of Concussion:
Manual for administration, scoring and interpretation. Waukesha,
Wisconsin, USA.
5
Maddocks, DL; Dicker, GD; Saling, MM. The assessment of orientation
following concussion in athletes. Clin J Sport Med. 1995;5(1):32–3
6
Guskiewicz KM. Assessment of postural stability following sport-related
concussion. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2003; 2: 24-30
1
This tool has been developed by a group of international experts at the 3rd
International Consensus meeting on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich,
Switzerland in November 2008. The full details of the conference outcomes
and the authors of the tool are published in British Journal of Sports
Medicine, 2009, volume 43, supplement 1.
The outcome paper will also be simultaneously co-published in the May
2009 issues of Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine, Physical Medicine
Rehabilitation, Journal of Athletic Training, Journal of Clinical Neuroscience,
Journal of Science Medicine in Sport, Neurosurgery, Scandinavian Journal
of Science Medicine in Sport and the Journal of Clinical Sports Medicine.
2
McCrory P et al. Summary and agreement statement of the 2nd
International
Conference on Concussion in Sport, Prague 2004. British Journal of Sports
Medicine. 2005; 39: 196-204
3. Balance examination
This balance testing is based on a modified version of the Balance Error Scoring
System (BESS)6
. A stopwatch or watch with a second hand is required for this
testing.
Balance testing
“I am now going to test your balance. Please take your shoes
off, roll up your pant legs above ankle (if applicable), and
remove any ankle taping (if applicable). This test will consist
of three twenty second tests with different stances.“
(a) Double leg stance:
“The first stance is standing with your feet together with your
hands on your hips and with your eyes closed. You should try
to maintain stability in that position for 20 seconds. I will be
counting the number of times you move out of this position. I
will start timing when you are set and have closed your eyes.“
(b) Single leg stance:
“If you were to kick a ball, which foot would you use? [This
will be the dominant foot] Now stand on your non-dominant
foot. The dominant leg should be held in approximately 30
degrees of hip flexion and 45 degrees of knee flexion. Again,
you should try to maintain stability for 20 seconds with your
hands on your hips and your eyes closed. I will be counting
the number of times you move out of this position. If you
stumble out of this position, open your eyes and return to
the start position and continue balancing. I will start timing
when you are set and have closed your eyes.“
(c) Tandem stance:
“Now stand heel-to-toe with your non-dominant foot in
back. Your weight should be evenly distributed across both
feet. Again, you should try to maintain stability for 20 seconds
with your hands on your hips and your eyes closed. I will be
counting the number of times you move out of this position.
If you stumble out of this position, open your eyes and return
to the start position and continue balancing. I will start timing
when you are set and have closed your eyes.”
Balance testing – types of errors
1. Hands lifted off iliac crest
2. Opening eyes
3. Step, stumble, or fall
4. Moving hip into 30 degrees abduction
5. Lifting forefoot or heel
6. Remaining out of test position 5 sec
Each of the 20-second trials is scored by counting the errors, or
deviations from the proper stance, accumulated by the athlete. The
examiner will begin counting errors only after the individual has
assumed the proper start position. The modified BESS is calculated
by adding one error point for each error during the three
20-second tests. The maximum total number of errors for
any single condition is 10. If a athlete commits multiple errors
simultaneously, only one error is recorded but the athlete should
quickly return to the testing position, and counting should resume
once subject is set. Subjects that are unable to maintain the testing
procedure for a minimum of five seconds at the start are assigned
the highest possible score, ten, for that testing condition.
Which foot was tested: Left Right
(i.e. which is the non-dominant foot)
Condition Total errors
Double Leg Stance (feet together) of 10
Single leg stance (non-dominant foot) of 10
Tandem stance (non-dominant foot at back) of 10
Balance examination score (30 minus total errors) of 30
Coordination examination
Upper limb coordination
Finger-to-nose (FTN) task: “I am going to test your coordination
now. Please sit comfortably on the chair with your eyes open
and your arm (either right or left) outstretched (shoulder flexed
to 90 degrees and elbow and fingers extended). When I give a
start signal, I would like you to perform five successive finger to
nose repetitions using your index finger to touch the tip of the
nose as quickly and as accurately as possible.”
Which arm was tested: Left Right
Scoring: 5 correct repetitions in 4 seconds = 1
Note for testers: Athletes fail the test if they do not touch their nose, do not fully
extend their elbow or do not perform five repetitions. Failure
should be scored as 0.
Coordination score of 1
Cognitive assessment
Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC)
Delayed recall
“Do you remember that list of words I read a few times earlier?
Tell me as many words from the list as you can remember in any
order.“
Circle each word correctly recalled. Total score equals number of words recalled.
List Alternative word list
elbow candle baby finger
apple paper monkey penny
carpet sugar perfume blanket
saddle sandwich sunset lemon
bubble wagon iron insect
Delayed recall score of 5
Overall score
Test domain Score
Symptom score of 22
Physical signs score of 2
Glasgow Coma score (E + V + M) of 15
Balance examination score of 30
Coordination score of 1
Subtotal of 70
Orientation score of 5
Immediate memory score of 5
Concentration score of 15
Delayed recall score of 5
SAC subtotal of 30
SCAT2 total of 100
Maddocks Score of 5
Definitive normative data for a SCAT2 “cut-off” score is not
available at this time and will be developed in prospective studies.
Embedded within the SCAT2 is the SAC score that can be utilized
separately in concussion management. The scoring system also takes
on particular clinical significance during serial assessment where
it can be used to document either a decline or an improvement in
neurological functioning.
Scoring data from the SCAT2 or SAC should not be
used as a stand alone method to diagnose concussion,
measure recovery or make decisions about an athlete’s
readiness to return to competition after concussion.
SCAT2 Sport Concussion Assesment Tool 2 | Page 3
6 7
8
4. This patient has received an injury to the head. A careful
medical examination has been carried out and no sign of
any serious complications has been found. It is expected
that recovery will be rapid, but the patient will need
monitoring for a further period by a responsible adult. Your
treating physician will provide guidance as to this timeframe.
If you notice any change in behaviour, vomiting,
dizziness, worsening headache, double vision or
excessive drowsiness, please telephone the clinic
or the nearest hospital emergency department
immediately.
Other important points:
• Rest and avoid strenuous activity for at least 24 hours
• No alcohol
• No sleeping tablets
• Use paracetamol or codeine for headache. Do not use
aspirin or anti-inflammatory medication
• Do not drive until medically cleared
• Do not train or play sport until medically cleared
Patient’s name
Date / time of injury
Date / time of medical review
Treating physician
Concussion injury advice (To be given to concussed athlete)
Signs to watch for
Problems could arise over the first 24-48 hours. You should not be left
alone and must go to a hospital at once if you:
• Have a headache that gets worse
• Are very drowsy or can’t be awakened (woken up)
• Can’t recognize people or places
• Have repeated vomiting
• Behave unusually or seem confused; are very irritable
• Have seizures (arms and legs jerk uncontrollably)
• Have weak or numb arms or legs
• Are unsteady on your feet; have slurred speech
Remember, it is better to be safe.
Consult your doctor after a suspected concussion.
Return to play
Athletes should not be returned to play the same day of injury.
When returning athletes to play, they should follow a stepwise
symptom-limited program, with stages of progression. For example:
1. rest until asymptomatic (physical and mental rest)
2. light aerobic exercise (e.g. stationary cycle)
3. sport-specific exercise
4. non-contact training drills (start light resistance training)
5. full contact training after medical clearance
6. return to competition (game play)
There should be approximately 24 hours (or longer) for each stage
and the athlete should return to stage 1 if symptoms recur. Resistance
training should only be added in the later stages.
Medical clearance should be given before return to play.
Athlete Information
Any athlete suspected of having a concussion should be removed from play, and then seek medical evaluation.
SCAT2 Sport Concussion Assesment Tool 2 | Page 4
Contact details or stamp
Clinic phone number
Additional comments
Tool Test domain Time Score
Date tested
Days post injury
Symptom score
Physical signs score
Glasgow Coma score (E + V + M)
SCAT2 Balance examination score
Coordination score
Orientation score
Immediate memory score
SAC Concentration score
Delayed recall score
SAC Score
Total SCAT2
Symptom severity score (max possible 132)
Return to play n Y n N n Y n N n Y n N n Y n N