Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang lensa cembung dan lensa cekung. Lensa cembung memiliki fokus positif dan mengumpulkan cahaya, sementara lensa cekung memiliki fokus negatif dan menyebarkan cahaya. Dokumen tersebut juga menjelaskan bagian-bagian, sinar-sinar istimewa, sifat bayangan yang dihasilkan, serta perumusan dasar yang terkait dengan kedua jenis lensa tersebut.
Introduction to Special theory of relativityROHIT PANJABI
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This document provides an introduction to Einstein's special theory of relativity. It discusses key concepts like Galilean transformations, Michelson-Morley experiment, postulates of relativity, and consequences like time dilation and length contraction. The document explains that special relativity applies to observers in uniform motion and the speed of light in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of their motion. It also presents the Lorentz transformations and equations for time dilation and length contraction.
Fluks listrik menyatakan medan listrik yang menembus permukaan secara tegak lurus. Hukum Gauss menyatakan bahwa besar fluks listrik yang melalui bidang tertutup akan berbanding lurus dengan kuat medan listrik, luas bidang, dan kosinus sudut antara medan dengan garis normal bidang. Hukum ini digunakan untuk menghitung medan listrik dari sistem berkesimetrian tinggi seperti bola atau silinder.
The document discusses Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, which established that the laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames and that the speed of light in a vacuum is constant. It explains key concepts such as length contraction, time dilation, and mass-energy equivalence that arise from these postulates. Examples are provided to illustrate how observations of phenomena can change depending on the reference frame of the observer.
The document discusses the Doppler effect, which describes how the observed frequency of a wave is different depending on whether the source of the wave is moving towards or away from the observer. It provides the Doppler equation, explains key terms, and gives examples of how to apply the equation to calculate observed frequencies. It also addresses how the Doppler effect causes stars moving towards Earth to appear bluer due to their higher observed frequencies.
1) Time dilation describes how time passes more slowly for objects in motion compared to an observer. The time interval between two events is longer for an observer in a stationary frame compared to an observer in the moving frame.
2) According to the theory of relativity, the mass of an object increases as its velocity increases, approaching infinity at the speed of light. Mass is related to rest mass, velocity, and the speed of light by the equation m = m0/(1 - v^2/c^2).
3) Einstein's mass-energy equivalence states that mass and energy are the same physical entity and can be changed into each other. The famous equation E=mc^2 describes this relationship, where
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang lensa cembung dan lensa cekung. Lensa cembung memiliki fokus positif dan mengumpulkan cahaya, sementara lensa cekung memiliki fokus negatif dan menyebarkan cahaya. Dokumen tersebut juga menjelaskan bagian-bagian, sinar-sinar istimewa, sifat bayangan yang dihasilkan, serta perumusan dasar yang terkait dengan kedua jenis lensa tersebut.
Introduction to Special theory of relativityROHIT PANJABI
Â
This document provides an introduction to Einstein's special theory of relativity. It discusses key concepts like Galilean transformations, Michelson-Morley experiment, postulates of relativity, and consequences like time dilation and length contraction. The document explains that special relativity applies to observers in uniform motion and the speed of light in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of their motion. It also presents the Lorentz transformations and equations for time dilation and length contraction.
Fluks listrik menyatakan medan listrik yang menembus permukaan secara tegak lurus. Hukum Gauss menyatakan bahwa besar fluks listrik yang melalui bidang tertutup akan berbanding lurus dengan kuat medan listrik, luas bidang, dan kosinus sudut antara medan dengan garis normal bidang. Hukum ini digunakan untuk menghitung medan listrik dari sistem berkesimetrian tinggi seperti bola atau silinder.
The document discusses Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, which established that the laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames and that the speed of light in a vacuum is constant. It explains key concepts such as length contraction, time dilation, and mass-energy equivalence that arise from these postulates. Examples are provided to illustrate how observations of phenomena can change depending on the reference frame of the observer.
The document discusses the Doppler effect, which describes how the observed frequency of a wave is different depending on whether the source of the wave is moving towards or away from the observer. It provides the Doppler equation, explains key terms, and gives examples of how to apply the equation to calculate observed frequencies. It also addresses how the Doppler effect causes stars moving towards Earth to appear bluer due to their higher observed frequencies.
1) Time dilation describes how time passes more slowly for objects in motion compared to an observer. The time interval between two events is longer for an observer in a stationary frame compared to an observer in the moving frame.
2) According to the theory of relativity, the mass of an object increases as its velocity increases, approaching infinity at the speed of light. Mass is related to rest mass, velocity, and the speed of light by the equation m = m0/(1 - v^2/c^2).
3) Einstein's mass-energy equivalence states that mass and energy are the same physical entity and can be changed into each other. The famous equation E=mc^2 describes this relationship, where
El punto cero es un ascenso del viejo hombre hacia el nuevo hombre dónde tu corazón quiere cada dÃa ser más feliz. No tengas miedo al ascenso, la cima te está esperando.
Cada dÃa te veras enfrentado a un punto cero; es decir, encontrarás la oportunidad de elevarte por encima de esa pena, ese dolor, esa prueba y esa circunstancia.
SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION.pptxGiridhar D
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This document provides an overview of systems of particles, rigid bodies, rotational motion, and related concepts in physics. It begins by defining a system of particles and discussing the centre of mass. It then covers rotational motion, including the moment of inertia, torque, angular momentum, and conservation of angular momentum. Specific topics like rigid bodies, rolling motion, and the kinetics and dynamics of rotational systems are examined. Equations for calculating properties like moment of inertia for regular shapes are also provided. The document aims to comprehensively cover fundamental concepts relating to rotational mechanics.
Periodic motion repeats at regular time intervals. Examples include planetary orbits and clock hands. Oscillation involves to-and-fro motion about a mean position, like a pendulum swing. It is always periodic but periodic motion need not involve oscillation. The time for one full cycle is the period (T). Frequency (ν) is the number of cycles per second. Angular frequency (ω) relates frequency and period. Displacement variables describe the changing quantity in oscillations, like position or angle. Simple harmonic motion involves a restoring force proportional to displacement towards the equilibrium point, like a spring. It can be modeled by sine and cosine functions and includes oscillations of springs and pendulums.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in waves and sound from Chapter 16. It covers the nature of waves including transverse and longitudinal waves. It discusses topics like speed of waves on a string, mathematical description of waves, nature of sound, and speed of sound. The document is structured with learning objectives, tables of contents, definitions of terms, examples, and conceptual questions.
This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in the Modern Physics module, including light as an electromagnetic wave described by Maxwell's equations, light behaving as both a wave and particle as described by the photoelectric effect, the development of quantum theory and models of the atom, mass-energy equivalence expressed by Einstein's famous equation E=mc2, and the probabilistic and non-local nature of quantum physics. The module concludes with a discussion of Schrodinger's cat as an illustration of quantum superposition.
Waves can be transverse or longitudinal. Transverse waves have oscillations perpendicular to the direction of travel, while longitudinal waves have oscillations parallel to the direction of travel. The key parts of a wave include the wavelength, amplitude, period, frequency, and speed. The wavelength is the distance between two peaks or troughs, while the amplitude is the maximum displacement from equilibrium. Period is the time for one full oscillation, and frequency is the inverse of period. Wave speed can be calculated by dividing the wavelength by the period.
Magnetic Effects Of Current Class 12 Part-3Self-employed
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1. The document describes the working principles of a cyclotron, which uses a magnetic field to accelerate charged particles in a circular path between two "dees". As the particles accelerate, their frequency increases until it matches the frequency of an external oscillator, allowing for resonant acceleration.
2. Ampere's Circuital Law is explained, which relates the line integral of magnetic field around a closed loop to the current passing through the enclosed area. Magnetic fields from a straight solenoid and toroidal solenoid are also derived using this law.
3. The magnetic field is non-zero only within the winding area of a toroidal solenoid, and zero both inside and outside the solenoid ring.
This document discusses oscillations and wave motion. It begins by introducing mechanical vibrations and simple harmonic motion. It then covers damped and driven oscillations, as well as different oscillating systems like springs, pendulums, and driven oscillations. The document goes on to discuss traveling waves, the wave equation, periodic waves on strings and in electromagnetic fields. It also covers waves in three dimensions, reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference of waves. Key concepts covered include amplitude, frequency, period, angular frequency, energy of oscillating systems, and resonance.
SUBJECT: PHYSICS - Chapter 6 : Superposition of waves (CLASS XII - MAHARASH...Pooja M
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1. The document discusses the physics concept of superposition of waves. It defines superposition as when two or more waves pass through a common point, the resulting displacement is the vector sum of the individual displacements.
2. Examples of superposition include two pulses of equal amplitude and same phase combining to produce a pulse with double the amplitude, and two pulses of equal amplitude and opposite phases combining to produce no net displacement.
3. Stationary waves occur when two identical waves travel in opposite directions through a medium, resulting in points of no displacement called nodes and points of maximum displacement called antinodes.
Definitons-Electric Field,Lines of Force,Electric Intensity Vishvesh Jasani
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This document provides definitions and explanations of electric field, lines of force, and electric field intensity. It begins with an introduction and then defines electric field as a vector field that associates a Coulomb force per unit charge to each point in space. Lines of force represent the direction of the electric field and their density indicates the field's magnitude. Electric field intensity is defined as the electric force per unit charge experienced by a test charge, with units of volts per meter or newtons per coulomb. It gives equations for the electric field and intensity due to a point charge.
This document provides a summary of key concepts in kinematics in one dimension for AP Physics. It defines important terms like vectors, scalars, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It lists the key variables, formulas, units, and conventions used to solve kinematics problems. Examples are given to illustrate the difference between constant velocity and constant acceleration motion and how to set up and solve typical kinematics problems using the proper formulas and sign conventions. Problem solving tips are also outlined.
Huygen's principle states that each point on a wavefront can be considered a secondary wave source that propagates spherical wavelets. When these wavelets meet, they can constructively or destructively interfere to form a new wavefront. The document explains how Huygen's principle can be applied to understand how sound waves propagate around barriers and how it relates to the double slit experiment and the observed interference pattern.
Este documento presenta los resultados de un experimento de laboratorio que buscó evidenciar la cuantización de los niveles de energÃa de los electrones en los átomos de mercurio (Hg). El experimento consistió en medir la corriente de colector en función del voltaje de aceleración para electrones incidentes en un horno con vapor de Hg a diferentes temperaturas. Los resultados mostraron máximos en la corriente que indicaban las cantidades discretas de energÃa que los electrones podÃan absorber o perder al colisionar con los átomos de Hg, confirm
This document discusses mechanics concepts related to tension, forces, and motion. It covers tension in strings, non-accelerated environments like inclined planes and pulleys, and accelerated environments. Friction and its effects on motion up and down inclined planes are analyzed. Other topics discussed include contact forces, motion on frictionless planes, flying of birds using air displacement, braking on bicycles, and applying conservation of momentum to moving trolleys and objects. Diagrams and equations are provided for each concept.
The document summarizes key aspects of Einstein's special theory of relativity, including:
1) It showed that Newton's ideas of absolute space and time were incorrect and implied that matter and energy are interconvertible.
2) It established two postulates - the laws of physics apply in all inertial frames, and the speed of light is constant in all frames.
3) This leads to effects like time dilation and length contraction, as measurements of space and time differ for observers in different inertial frames moving relative to one another.
Einstein published two theories of relativity - Special Relativity, which described how space and time are relative based on the observer's frame of reference and that the speed of light is constant, and General Relativity, which explained that gravity results from the curvature of spacetime caused by massive objects. Some key effects are time dilation, length contraction, and the bending of light near massive bodies like the sun.
posted by Shifat Sanchez..</br>
its about relativity</BR.about sir albert Einstein. quotes about relativity...michelsone and morleys law about relativity....general theory of relativity ..Einstein laws about relativity...Einstein description of laws about theory of special relativity ....first postulates of special law,,sceond postulates of special laws of relativity.........Galilian transformation of relativity....................Lorentz transformation.......... Lorentz transformation about the laws of relativity........Length contractiion .....Time dilation........Mass expansion........E= MC^2 ( theory & provens ))......The life cycle of stars.......Black holes ( slides).............Formation And Properties of blackholes ................Concluation .........Thankyou slide ...............ANY QUESATION ?????????................thank YOU SO MUCH :P :P :P
El punto cero es un ascenso del viejo hombre hacia el nuevo hombre dónde tu corazón quiere cada dÃa ser más feliz. No tengas miedo al ascenso, la cima te está esperando.
Cada dÃa te veras enfrentado a un punto cero; es decir, encontrarás la oportunidad de elevarte por encima de esa pena, ese dolor, esa prueba y esa circunstancia.
SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION.pptxGiridhar D
Â
This document provides an overview of systems of particles, rigid bodies, rotational motion, and related concepts in physics. It begins by defining a system of particles and discussing the centre of mass. It then covers rotational motion, including the moment of inertia, torque, angular momentum, and conservation of angular momentum. Specific topics like rigid bodies, rolling motion, and the kinetics and dynamics of rotational systems are examined. Equations for calculating properties like moment of inertia for regular shapes are also provided. The document aims to comprehensively cover fundamental concepts relating to rotational mechanics.
Periodic motion repeats at regular time intervals. Examples include planetary orbits and clock hands. Oscillation involves to-and-fro motion about a mean position, like a pendulum swing. It is always periodic but periodic motion need not involve oscillation. The time for one full cycle is the period (T). Frequency (ν) is the number of cycles per second. Angular frequency (ω) relates frequency and period. Displacement variables describe the changing quantity in oscillations, like position or angle. Simple harmonic motion involves a restoring force proportional to displacement towards the equilibrium point, like a spring. It can be modeled by sine and cosine functions and includes oscillations of springs and pendulums.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in waves and sound from Chapter 16. It covers the nature of waves including transverse and longitudinal waves. It discusses topics like speed of waves on a string, mathematical description of waves, nature of sound, and speed of sound. The document is structured with learning objectives, tables of contents, definitions of terms, examples, and conceptual questions.
This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in the Modern Physics module, including light as an electromagnetic wave described by Maxwell's equations, light behaving as both a wave and particle as described by the photoelectric effect, the development of quantum theory and models of the atom, mass-energy equivalence expressed by Einstein's famous equation E=mc2, and the probabilistic and non-local nature of quantum physics. The module concludes with a discussion of Schrodinger's cat as an illustration of quantum superposition.
Waves can be transverse or longitudinal. Transverse waves have oscillations perpendicular to the direction of travel, while longitudinal waves have oscillations parallel to the direction of travel. The key parts of a wave include the wavelength, amplitude, period, frequency, and speed. The wavelength is the distance between two peaks or troughs, while the amplitude is the maximum displacement from equilibrium. Period is the time for one full oscillation, and frequency is the inverse of period. Wave speed can be calculated by dividing the wavelength by the period.
Magnetic Effects Of Current Class 12 Part-3Self-employed
Â
1. The document describes the working principles of a cyclotron, which uses a magnetic field to accelerate charged particles in a circular path between two "dees". As the particles accelerate, their frequency increases until it matches the frequency of an external oscillator, allowing for resonant acceleration.
2. Ampere's Circuital Law is explained, which relates the line integral of magnetic field around a closed loop to the current passing through the enclosed area. Magnetic fields from a straight solenoid and toroidal solenoid are also derived using this law.
3. The magnetic field is non-zero only within the winding area of a toroidal solenoid, and zero both inside and outside the solenoid ring.
This document discusses oscillations and wave motion. It begins by introducing mechanical vibrations and simple harmonic motion. It then covers damped and driven oscillations, as well as different oscillating systems like springs, pendulums, and driven oscillations. The document goes on to discuss traveling waves, the wave equation, periodic waves on strings and in electromagnetic fields. It also covers waves in three dimensions, reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference of waves. Key concepts covered include amplitude, frequency, period, angular frequency, energy of oscillating systems, and resonance.
SUBJECT: PHYSICS - Chapter 6 : Superposition of waves (CLASS XII - MAHARASH...Pooja M
Â
1. The document discusses the physics concept of superposition of waves. It defines superposition as when two or more waves pass through a common point, the resulting displacement is the vector sum of the individual displacements.
2. Examples of superposition include two pulses of equal amplitude and same phase combining to produce a pulse with double the amplitude, and two pulses of equal amplitude and opposite phases combining to produce no net displacement.
3. Stationary waves occur when two identical waves travel in opposite directions through a medium, resulting in points of no displacement called nodes and points of maximum displacement called antinodes.
Definitons-Electric Field,Lines of Force,Electric Intensity Vishvesh Jasani
Â
This document provides definitions and explanations of electric field, lines of force, and electric field intensity. It begins with an introduction and then defines electric field as a vector field that associates a Coulomb force per unit charge to each point in space. Lines of force represent the direction of the electric field and their density indicates the field's magnitude. Electric field intensity is defined as the electric force per unit charge experienced by a test charge, with units of volts per meter or newtons per coulomb. It gives equations for the electric field and intensity due to a point charge.
This document provides a summary of key concepts in kinematics in one dimension for AP Physics. It defines important terms like vectors, scalars, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It lists the key variables, formulas, units, and conventions used to solve kinematics problems. Examples are given to illustrate the difference between constant velocity and constant acceleration motion and how to set up and solve typical kinematics problems using the proper formulas and sign conventions. Problem solving tips are also outlined.
Huygen's principle states that each point on a wavefront can be considered a secondary wave source that propagates spherical wavelets. When these wavelets meet, they can constructively or destructively interfere to form a new wavefront. The document explains how Huygen's principle can be applied to understand how sound waves propagate around barriers and how it relates to the double slit experiment and the observed interference pattern.
Este documento presenta los resultados de un experimento de laboratorio que buscó evidenciar la cuantización de los niveles de energÃa de los electrones en los átomos de mercurio (Hg). El experimento consistió en medir la corriente de colector en función del voltaje de aceleración para electrones incidentes en un horno con vapor de Hg a diferentes temperaturas. Los resultados mostraron máximos en la corriente que indicaban las cantidades discretas de energÃa que los electrones podÃan absorber o perder al colisionar con los átomos de Hg, confirm
This document discusses mechanics concepts related to tension, forces, and motion. It covers tension in strings, non-accelerated environments like inclined planes and pulleys, and accelerated environments. Friction and its effects on motion up and down inclined planes are analyzed. Other topics discussed include contact forces, motion on frictionless planes, flying of birds using air displacement, braking on bicycles, and applying conservation of momentum to moving trolleys and objects. Diagrams and equations are provided for each concept.
The document summarizes key aspects of Einstein's special theory of relativity, including:
1) It showed that Newton's ideas of absolute space and time were incorrect and implied that matter and energy are interconvertible.
2) It established two postulates - the laws of physics apply in all inertial frames, and the speed of light is constant in all frames.
3) This leads to effects like time dilation and length contraction, as measurements of space and time differ for observers in different inertial frames moving relative to one another.
Einstein published two theories of relativity - Special Relativity, which described how space and time are relative based on the observer's frame of reference and that the speed of light is constant, and General Relativity, which explained that gravity results from the curvature of spacetime caused by massive objects. Some key effects are time dilation, length contraction, and the bending of light near massive bodies like the sun.
posted by Shifat Sanchez..</br>
its about relativity</BR.about sir albert Einstein. quotes about relativity...michelsone and morleys law about relativity....general theory of relativity ..Einstein laws about relativity...Einstein description of laws about theory of special relativity ....first postulates of special law,,sceond postulates of special laws of relativity.........Galilian transformation of relativity....................Lorentz transformation.......... Lorentz transformation about the laws of relativity........Length contractiion .....Time dilation........Mass expansion........E= MC^2 ( theory & provens ))......The life cycle of stars.......Black holes ( slides).............Formation And Properties of blackholes ................Concluation .........Thankyou slide ...............ANY QUESATION ?????????................thank YOU SO MUCH :P :P :P
Argomento della presentazione sono alcune nozioni sul comportamento della luce, le caratteristiche e il funzionamento di lenti, specchi e dei telescopi, le aberrazioni, e grandezze importanti come diametro, focale, apertura, ingrandimento e potere risolutivo.
I file sorgenti di questa presentazione si trovano qui:
http://gerlos.altervista.org/basi-ottica-astrofili