This document discusses sources and perspectives on political change. It identifies conflicts, protests, riots and popular movements as causes of political change. It defines political and social revolutions, and provides examples. It outlines Marx, Durkheim and Weber's perspectives on how economic, social and cultural processes can drive political change. Modernization is discussed as an engine of political change, bringing information sharing and technology. Active citizenship is presented as important for understanding and adapting to constant political change.

1. Sources of Political Change

2. Political Change - occurs when there is an alteration in the
way in the power and authority are exercised in a particular
state. This also entails a shift in the relationship between
social groups, classes, and political institutions and
processes.
Causes:
- Conflict
- protests
- riots
- Popular movements

3. •Is to defend the country from
threats such as rampant mass
demonstrations, the growing
communist movement, and
continued conflict in Mindanao
•Coup d’etat in Thailand
•Civil War in Syria

4. Revolution – is defined as a rapid and basic
transformation of a society’s state and class structures that
is accompanied and in part carried through by class-based
revolts from below.
2 Primary forms of Revolution
Political revolution – results in the replacement or
transformation of the government, without altering other
aspects of society and maintaining the relationship
between socioeconomic classes.
There are some cases, where the government is not
completely overthrown, but is profoundly changed or
modified.
 Example:
 EDSA People Power Revolution

5. Social Revolution - results in the large-scale
transformation of social structures, organizations, and
institutions such as the government, bringing about great
changes in socioeconomic relations.
The Revolution in
France between 1789
and 1799 was a major
upheaval in French
society that abolished
the monarchy and
stripped the nobility of
their privileges.

6. PERSPECTIVE ON POLITICAL
CHANGE
Political change does not occur in a vacuum.
Rather, it is the consequence of various economics
and social processes and circumstances.
In particular, the ideas of Karl Marx, Emile
Durkheim, and Max Weber embodied the major
perspectives regarding political and social change.
They focuses in Modernization – in which the process
by traditional societies transformed into modern
societies and also major socioeconomic process that
results in political change.

7. For Emile Durkheim
 She agreed with Marx that political change is a result
of great transformations in society. Unlike Marx, she
focused on the impact of modernization on the division
of labor and social roles played by individuals in the
society.
 She considered relations among individuals in
traditional societies to be primary influence by physical
resemblance and shared characteristics
 Individuals members of societies are distinguished by
their specific characteristic and roles but at the same
time, they all worked together to meet common goals
and survive.

8. For Karl Marx
 political change is the results of changes in the
economy, particularly the way goods and services
are produced in the society.
 The key to political change is altering the means
in which individuals produced the things they
need for survival.
 He believed that when traditional societies shifted
to capitalism, a change in the way governments
were organized ensued.

9. For Max Weber
 He focused on the significant role of culture and
ideas in implementing change. He paid close
attention to how practices beliefs and attitudes
shaped the political values and behavior of
individuals.
 He believed that the governments of traditional
societies are placed on tradition and charisma or
appeal of a leader.
 Modern society is characterized by the ability of
citizens to select their leaders through elections
and the existence of a system of laws and a
bureaucracy.

10. Modernization: The Engine of
Political Change
Modernization – is defined by Samuel Huntington
as “a multifaceted process involving changes in
all areas of human thought and activity.”
The membres of modern society are more
open to change, and have easy access to
information that shared through education and
mass communication.
Information technology is also an important
factor introducing political change.
 Economic changes
 Sociocultural changes

11. Adapting to Political Change:
Active Citizenship
Understanding the complexities of all these
changes in the political sphere is a significant
challenge to all members of society. Human
beings seek stability and the ability to predict
what lies ahead.
One must understand that change is
constant and everyone should embrace changes
or adapt to changes. For an individual to be able
to evolve, learn and acquire new knowledge.
Political change means that people must
adopt a new set of values that appreciates
diversity among individuals. Societies are
becoming complex and this requires a great deal
of tolerance and acceptance.