Array_Introduction_SlideArray_Introduction_SlideArray_Introduction_Slide

1. Sorting Algorithms
Concepts, Step-by-Step Working &
Real-Life Applications
Presented by: Your Name
Date: Interview Date

2. Introduction to Data & Array
• • Data: Raw facts and figures
• • Array: Collection of elements stored at
contiguous memory locations
• • Example: [5, 3, 8, 4, 2]
• • Arrays allow quick access using index
• • Sorting algorithms are mostly applied on
arrays

3. What is Sorting?
• • Sorting: Arranging data in a particular order
(ascending/descending)
• • Example: [5, 3, 8, 4, 2] → [2, 3, 4, 5, 8]
• • Makes data easier to understand and use

4. Why Sorting is Important?
• • Improves efficiency of search operations
• • Useful in data analysis & report generation
• • Used in databases, UIs, leaderboards etc.

5. Types of Sorting Algorithms
• Bubble Sort
• Insertion Sort
• Selection Sort
• Merge Sort
• Quick Sort

6. Bubble Sort – Step-by-Step
• Array: [5, 3, 8, 4, 2]
• Pass 1: Compare & Swap → [3, 5, 4, 2, 8]
• Pass 2: → [3, 4, 2, 5, 8]
• Pass 3: → [3, 2, 4, 5, 8]
• Pass 4: → [2, 3, 4, 5, 8]

7. Insertion Sort – Step-by-Step
• Array: [5, 3, 8, 4, 2]
• Pick 3: Insert before 5 → [3, 5, 8, 4, 2]
• Pick 8: No move
• Pick 4: Insert between 3 & 5
• Pick 2: Insert at beginning → [2, 3, 4, 5, 8]

8. Selection Sort – Step-by-Step
• Array: [5, 3, 8, 4, 2]
• Pass 1: Min=2, swap with 5 → [2, 3, 8, 4, 5]
• Pass 2: Min=3 (no change)
• Pass 3: Min=4, swap with 8 → [2, 3, 4, 8, 5]
• Pass 4: Swap 5 & 8 → [2, 3, 4, 5, 8]

9. Merge Sort – Step-by-Step
• Divide [5, 3, 8, 4, 2] → [5, 3], [8, 4, 2]
• Sort: [3, 5] and [2, 4, 8]
• Merge: [2, 3, 4, 5, 8]

10. Quick Sort – Step-by-Step
• Pivot = 5
• Partition: <5 → [3, 2], >5 → [8, 4]
• Sort recursively → [2, 3] and [4, 8]
• Final: [2, 3, 4, 5, 8]

11. When to Use Which Sort?
• Bubble: Simple but slow
• Insertion: Good for small/nearly sorted data
• Selection: Easy logic
• Merge: Large datasets, stable
• Quick: Fastest in practice

12. Summary
• • Sorting is essential in CS
• • Many types, different use-cases
• • Start from basics like arrays to understand
better

13. Thank You
• • Questions welcome
• • Thanks for your attention!