This document provides biographical information about Filipino poet Jose Garcia Villa and discusses his style and use of reversed consonance and comma poems. It then explains what a sonnet is - a 14 line poem with a specific rhyme scheme. The document concludes by presenting Villa's Sonnet 1 in full, which explores the qualities of a beautiful poem through descriptive imagery.

1. Sonnet 1
Jose Garcia Villa

2. Sonnet 1

3. Jose Garcia Villa

4. Life
• Filipino poet, literary critic, short story writer,
and painter.
• Awarded National Artist of the Philippines title
for literature in 1973

5. • Received Guggenheim Fellowship in creative
writing
• introduced the "reversed consonance rime
scheme" in writing poetry thus he was known
as the “Comma Poet”.
• used the penname Doveglion

9. • He uses Modernism and surrealism as literary
movement.

10. Style
• Reversed consonance - "The last sounded
consonants of the last syllable, or the last
principal consonant of a word, are reversed
for the corresponding rhyme.

11. Example
Word Rhyme
Near Run Reign Rain Green

12. Comma poems
"The commas are an integral and essential part
of the medium: regulating the poem's verbal
density and time movement: enabling each
word to attain a fuller tonal value, and the line
movement to become more measures.”

13. It’s a lyric poem!
• A lyric poem is a comparatively short, non-
narrative poem in which a single speaker
presents a state of mind or an emotional
state.

14. Subcategories
1. Elegy
2. Ode
3. Sonnet
4. Dramatic monologue
5. Occasional poetry

15. Sonnet
• A sonnet is a poetic form which originated
in Italy.
• The term sonnet derives from the Italian
word sonetto, meaning "little song“.

17. Sonnet
• It signified a poem of fourteen lines that
follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific
structure.
• It was originally a love poem which dealt with
the lover’s sufferings and hopes.

18. Sonnet 1
Jose Garcia Villa

19. First two lines
• First, a poem must be magical,
Then musical as a sea-gull.

21. Following 2 lines…
• It must be a brightness moving
And hold secret a bird's flowering.

22. "There is beauty that is never stationary in the
poem. It gives grace with every rhyme. A poem
must gradually change from the beginning into
something more beautiful as the poem ends, like
the blossoming of flowers.

23. And so on…
It must be slender as a bell,
And it must hold fire as well.

24. A poem is not to be written full of
adjectives. A poem should have a spirit.

25. FatX

26. It must have the wisdom of bows
And it must kneel like a rose.

27. A good poem must show the right message a
poet conveys.

29. It must be able to hear
The luminance of dove and deer.

30. It must be able to hide
What it seeks, like a bride.

31. And over all I would like to hover
God, smiling from the poem's cover.