This document contains references for research related to tropical rainforests and human impacts on ecosystems. It discusses the richness of tropical forests and how plants and animals have adapted to them. It also addresses human impacts on ecosystems through climate change and local communities in places like the Pacific islands and Asia/China. The document outlines ecological planning for nature reserves, including their ecosystem structure and functions. It discusses community ecosystem planning and ecological cycle systems. Finally, it examines resident participation mechanisms in nature reserves and the need to improve tourism.

1. 参考文献
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(Zhang, et. al. 2013)
(Zhang, 2003)

3. ABSTRACT
In this paper, a three-step micropropagation was successfully employed for 8 selected genotypes of
aspen. At the same time, through the induction of embryogenic callus, Somatic embryogenesis was
studied. It would be beneficial to establish a stable system of embryogenesis in poplar.
The results of study on aspen shoot culture using node as explant show that percent bud
regeneration of AG (Populus alba×P. grandidentata) and 3# (P. tremuloides×P. tre- mula) was lower
than that of the other clones. Percentage of bud regeneration could be improved at vertical cutting.
With the increasing of zeatin concentration, in vitro organogenesis was different. All clones were
easy to induce rooting, especially AG and Ca, and number of roots was fit to estimate the effect on
rooting of plantlet.
Supplemented with 10mg/L 2,4-D, suspension cultures initiated from callus derived from petiole of
aspen hybrid 3# produced embryogenic callus and a highest number of globular-shaped embryos,
and cotyledonary-stage embryos originated from white callus of grey aspen Ca(P.×canescens) shoot
were first observed and embling were obtained. Genotypes and concentration of 2,4-D was critical
to induce embryogenic and somatic embryogenesis. Morphogenesis of shoot was affected by
culture temperature. Characteristic of callus produced embryogenic cell was heterogeneous, but
potential ability to produce embryogenic cell was different.
Key words: populus (aspen clones); shoot culture; somatic embryogenesis; callus; cell culture
En este articulo, desarrollamos un estudio de los bosques tropicales, identificando cuales son
principales características y determinando a que se debe que sean tan valiosos como ecosistema
procedimos a estudiar como es que se da la relación entre espacio y persona en cuanto a su
tratamiento y cuidado, para ello tomamos algunos ejemplos de America Latina, posteriormente
tambien revisamos el caso de China continental.
Posteriormente se da algunos alcance en como mejorar eta relacion

4. INDICE
ABSTRACT 0 1
ABSTRACT 1 2
1. TROPICAL RAINFOREST 3
1.1 RICHNESS OF TROPICAL FORESTS 5
1.2 TROPICAL RAINFOREST:ADAPTATIONOF PLANTS ANDANIMALS 7
2. HUMAN IMPACT ON ECOSYSTEMS 8
3. CLIMATE CHANGE 9
4. LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN THE PACIFIC 11
5.TROPICAL RAINFOREST AREA IN ASIA CHINA 11
6. NATURE RESERVE ECOSYSTEM 12
7. ECOLOGICAL PLANNINGOF NATURE RESERVES 12
7.1 NATURE RESERVE ECOSYSTEM 12
7.2 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE NATURE RESERVE ECOSYSTEM 12
7.3 DIVISIONANDMANAGEMENTOFECOLOGICALFUNCTIONALAREASINNATURE
RESERVES 12
8. ECOLOGICAL PLANNINGTHEORY OF NATURE RESERVES 12
8.1 CONSTRUCTION PLANNINGOF KEY PROJECTS 12
8.2 RESERVES TO PROTECT ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES 12
8.3 DESIGNING RESERVES FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 12
9. COMMUNITY ECOLOGICAL PLANNING 12
9.1 STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNITY ECOSYSTEM 12
9.2 FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMUNITY ECOSYSTEM 12
10. ECOLOGICAL CYCLE SYSTEM 12
11. RESIDENT PARTICIPATIONMECHANISM 12
11.1 TOURISM NEEDS TO BE IMPROVED IN THE RESERVE 12
11.1 REFERENCES 12

5. CONCLUSIONS
At present, the construction of ecological human settlements is facing four types of ecological
transformation: from physical space requirements to quality of life needs: from pollution treatment
needs to physical and psychological needs: from urban greening needs to ecological service function
requirements :; from question-oriented image City beautification to process-oriented sustainable
urban development. In these respects,people have made a lot of useful practical military technology.