This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered pesticide sprayer for agricultural use. The sprayer consists of a solar panel, battery, pump, and sprayer. The solar panel generates electricity from sunlight which charges the battery. The stored electrical energy in the battery is then used to power the pump. The pump draws pesticide from a storage tank and sprays it through the sprayer. Key advantages of the solar sprayer include being environmentally friendly with zero emissions, low maintenance costs, and providing a cost-effective spraying solution especially for farmers in remote areas without reliable electricity access. Testing showed the sprayer could operate continuously for 7-8 hours on a single charge, meeting farmers' spraying needs. The
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF BATTERY OPERATED MULTICROP WEEDER MACHINEIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a battery-operated multicrop weeder machine. Key aspects include:
1. The machine uses a battery panel and two DC motors powered by batteries to drive wheels and rotating weeder blades via a chain sprocket mechanism.
2. The blades are designed to uproot weeds while minimizing damage to crops. Handles allow for steering.
3. The aim is to develop an affordable weeder that reduces labor needs and improves efficiency of weeding operations for small farmers.
IRJET-Automatic Water Sprinkling SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes an automatic solar-powered water sprinkling system. The system uses a solar panel to charge a battery which powers a DC motor. The motor is connected via a chain and sprocket assembly to propel the machine forward. Another chain and sprocket assembly connects to a crank plate that converts the rotary motion to reciprocating motion in a pneumatic cylinder. The cylinder pushes water from a tank out through a sprinkler to water plants. The system aims to conserve water for agriculture using sustainable solar energy in a cost-effective automatic traveling sprinkler.
Farmer friendly Solar Operated Spray PumpIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered spray pump for farmers. The pump was designed to be low-cost and user-friendly. It uses a solar panel to charge a 12V battery, which then powers a DC motor to pump pesticides from a tank through a hose and nozzle. It also includes ports to charge mobile phones and power an LED light. The pump was tested to operate continuously for 7-8 hours on a full charge. It provides a pollution-free alternative to fuel-powered pumps, with lower operating costs and maintenance requirements. The total cost was estimated to be Rs. 3130, making it affordable for farmers.
IRJET- Solar Power for Operating a Sprayer and House LightingIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered system to operate a sprayer for crop protection and provide house lighting. The system consists of three units: 1) a solar energy conversion and storage unit with a 17W solar panel, 12V lead-acid battery, and voltage regulator, 2) a spraying unit with a DC motor, diaphragm pump, spray tank and lance, and 3) a house lighting unit with three LED bulbs. Field tests found the solar panel's efficiency was 16% for power generation but only 7.48% for powering the motor. The system could fully charge the battery in 10.5 hours and power house lighting for the remainder of the year when not in
FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC AGRICULTURAL FERTILIZERS SPRAYING MACHINEIRJET Journal
- The document describes the design and fabrication of an automatic agricultural fertilizer spraying machine.
- Key features include a remote-controlled four-wheeled design with a 50-liter pesticide tank and centrifugal pump. The machine can spray fertilizer uniformly on crops from both sides while moving through the field.
- Calculations are shown for the machine's capacity, required motor power, chain drive, shaft design, bearings, nozzles, and battery specifications. The automatic design aims to improve spraying efficiency for farmers.
Solar Operated Pesticides Sprayer for Agriculture PurposeIRJET Journal
1. The document describes the design and development of a solar-powered wheel sprayer for spraying pesticides and fertilizers on crops. It aims to reduce the physical workload for farmers compared to backpack sprayers.
2. The wheel sprayer was tested on a field with lateritic soil at G.H. Raisoni University. When pushed forward, the wheel turns a pump that sprays the solution through a boom and nozzles. Performance was evaluated based on theoretical and actual field capacity and efficiency.
3. The solar-powered wheel sprayer was found to be portable, have a large tank capacity, be cost-effective, easy to use, and reduce spraying time compared to traditional methods. It provides
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF BATTERY OPERATED MULTICROP WEEDER MACHINEIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a battery-operated multicrop weeder machine. Key aspects include:
1. The machine uses a battery panel and two DC motors powered by batteries to drive wheels and rotating weeder blades via a chain sprocket mechanism.
2. The blades are designed to uproot weeds while minimizing damage to crops. Handles allow for steering.
3. The aim is to develop an affordable weeder that reduces labor needs and improves efficiency of weeding operations for small farmers.
IRJET-Automatic Water Sprinkling SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes an automatic solar-powered water sprinkling system. The system uses a solar panel to charge a battery which powers a DC motor. The motor is connected via a chain and sprocket assembly to propel the machine forward. Another chain and sprocket assembly connects to a crank plate that converts the rotary motion to reciprocating motion in a pneumatic cylinder. The cylinder pushes water from a tank out through a sprinkler to water plants. The system aims to conserve water for agriculture using sustainable solar energy in a cost-effective automatic traveling sprinkler.
Farmer friendly Solar Operated Spray PumpIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered spray pump for farmers. The pump was designed to be low-cost and user-friendly. It uses a solar panel to charge a 12V battery, which then powers a DC motor to pump pesticides from a tank through a hose and nozzle. It also includes ports to charge mobile phones and power an LED light. The pump was tested to operate continuously for 7-8 hours on a full charge. It provides a pollution-free alternative to fuel-powered pumps, with lower operating costs and maintenance requirements. The total cost was estimated to be Rs. 3130, making it affordable for farmers.
IRJET- Solar Power for Operating a Sprayer and House LightingIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered system to operate a sprayer for crop protection and provide house lighting. The system consists of three units: 1) a solar energy conversion and storage unit with a 17W solar panel, 12V lead-acid battery, and voltage regulator, 2) a spraying unit with a DC motor, diaphragm pump, spray tank and lance, and 3) a house lighting unit with three LED bulbs. Field tests found the solar panel's efficiency was 16% for power generation but only 7.48% for powering the motor. The system could fully charge the battery in 10.5 hours and power house lighting for the remainder of the year when not in
FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC AGRICULTURAL FERTILIZERS SPRAYING MACHINEIRJET Journal
- The document describes the design and fabrication of an automatic agricultural fertilizer spraying machine.
- Key features include a remote-controlled four-wheeled design with a 50-liter pesticide tank and centrifugal pump. The machine can spray fertilizer uniformly on crops from both sides while moving through the field.
- Calculations are shown for the machine's capacity, required motor power, chain drive, shaft design, bearings, nozzles, and battery specifications. The automatic design aims to improve spraying efficiency for farmers.
Solar Operated Pesticides Sprayer for Agriculture PurposeIRJET Journal
1. The document describes the design and development of a solar-powered wheel sprayer for spraying pesticides and fertilizers on crops. It aims to reduce the physical workload for farmers compared to backpack sprayers.
2. The wheel sprayer was tested on a field with lateritic soil at G.H. Raisoni University. When pushed forward, the wheel turns a pump that sprays the solution through a boom and nozzles. Performance was evaluated based on theoretical and actual field capacity and efficiency.
3. The solar-powered wheel sprayer was found to be portable, have a large tank capacity, be cost-effective, easy to use, and reduce spraying time compared to traditional methods. It provides
IRJET- Grid Connected Multilevel Converter by using Renewable Energy SourcesIRJET Journal
This document discusses a hybrid renewable energy system that uses both solar and wind power sources connected to a grid. It proposes using a seven-level multilevel inverter to convert the power from the solar panels and wind turbine to grid-compatible AC power. The system aims to provide a reliable source of electricity by combining two variable renewable sources and connecting to the grid. Modeling and simulation of the hybrid system with maximum power point tracking control is presented to regulate power from the solar and wind sources.
The document describes the design and development of an automatic solar grass cutter machine. It aims to address the drawbacks of conventional gasoline-powered grass cutters such as high operating costs, pollution, and maintenance requirements. The proposed solar grass cutter uses a solar panel to charge a battery, which then powers a DC motor that drives a stainless steel cutting blade. It is designed to be lightweight, low cost to operate, and environmentally friendly by relying on solar energy instead of gasoline. Initial testing showed the machine was able to effectively cut different types of grass using renewable solar power.
IRJET- Design and Developement of Compact Solar Agricultural Harvester using ...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a compact solar agricultural harvester using a quick return mechanism. The harvester was created to address the shortage of agricultural laborers in India and the high costs of commercial harvesters that are out of reach for small-scale farmers. The harvester uses a solar panel, cutting blade, gear assembly, battery, and DC motor. It functions as a walk-behind harvester where the motor powers a gearbox and quick return mechanism to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of the cutting blade for harvesting crops. The harvester aims to minimize harvesting time and human effort while encouraging the use of renewable energy and reducing pollution.
This document discusses the manufacturing of a solar car. It describes the key components of the solar car, including solar panels, batteries, a brushless DC motor, and a charge controller. The solar panels collect energy from the sun which is stored in lead-acid batteries. The batteries then provide power to the brushless DC motor, which drives the car. The charge controller regulates the voltage to prevent overcharging of the batteries. The document analyzes the performance of the solar car system, including the effects of solar panel area and orientation on vehicle performance and fuel savings compared to gasoline-powered vehicles. It is concluded that solar electric vehicles have the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption and emissions in a sustainable way.
IRJET- High Efficiency Solar Monitoring SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes a high efficiency solar monitoring system that uses a single-axis sun tracking system and cleaning mechanism to increase the output of solar panels. The system uses light dependent resistors to detect sunlight and an Arduino microcontroller to control a servomotor that positions the solar panel to face the sun. It also uses a DC gear motor and submersible water pump to spread water on the panel and clean it. The tracking and cleaning system aims to maximize the amount of sunlight collected by the panels and increase efficiency by minimizing heat and dust accumulation. The system design and components are low-cost ways to improve solar panel performance without requiring additional space.
IRJET - Modulated Power Output by Multi-Hybrid Renewable Energy Source ba...IRJET Journal
1. The document discusses a hybrid renewable energy system that combines solar PV, wind, and biogas sources to generate power.
2. It provides an overview of each component, including descriptions of how solar PV cells and wind turbines work to generate electricity, and how biogas is produced from organic matter and can be used to run generators.
3. The document presents simulations of the hybrid system in MATLAB Simulink software, showing the integration and output of the solar, wind, and biogas sources to power electrical loads and charge battery banks.
Design and Fabrication of Portable Electric Tiller and Cutter MachineIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and fabrication of a portable electric tiller and cutter machine. The machine was created to provide farmers with an affordable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional tillers that use fossil fuels. It uses a lithium-ion battery and electric motor powered by a hub motor to drive the tilling blades and cutter attachment. The design aims to reduce farmers' costs, improve soil properties, and reduce pollution from fuel usage. The portable electric tiller was tested and found to till soil effectively while also being affordable, easy to use, and having low maintenance requirements compared to fuel-powered options.
IRJET-Grid Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Vehicles Charging Sta...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a proposed grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system using solar and wind energy to power an electric vehicle charging station and street lighting system. The system would use photovoltaic panels and a wind turbine to generate electricity, with a multilevel inverter to convert the DC power to AC and connect it to the electric grid. When renewable energy generation is insufficient, power would be drawn from the grid. The document provides background on hybrid renewable energy systems and the advantages they provide over individual solar or wind systems. It also outlines the major components of the proposed system and presents equations to calculate the power generated from the solar panels and wind turbine. The aim is to establish a reliable renewable energy source for the charging station and street lights
This document provides details on the design and fabrication of a solar powered multi-purpose weed cutting machine. The machine aims to reduce physical labor for cutting weeds using renewable solar energy as the power source. Key components include a solar panel, battery, DC motor, and cutting blades attached via a link mechanism. The machine is designed to be lightweight, easy to operate, and eco-friendly without environmental pollution. Future improvements could make it applicable for other agricultural tasks and fully solar powered.
Agriculture Field Betterment using Solar System and MicrocontrollerIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered automatic seed sowing machine that can help farmers sow seeds more efficiently. Key components of the machine include a solar panel, battery, microcontroller, sensors, electric motor and a seed dispensing mechanism. The machine is designed to sow seeds at the desired depth and spacing automatically as it is moved across the field. This helps reduce labor costs and time spent on sowing compared to manual methods. The document discusses the working of various parts and potential applications like attaching multiple hoppers or sprinklers to cover larger farm areas. It is concluded that the automatic solar-powered machine offers advantages like low cost, easy operation and improved sowing accuracy.
1. The document describes the design of a solar-powered paddy harvester to address issues with traditional manual harvesting such as labor shortages and high costs.
2. The proposed harvester uses a solar panel to charge a battery that powers a DC motor turning a circular blade at high speeds to cut crops. It is designed to be affordable for small farmers and easy to operate.
3. An evaluation of the harvester found that it fulfilled its objectives of being simple, compact, efficient and low-cost while testing showed it performed harvesting functions as expected.
This document discusses microgrids, which combine distributed energy generators like solar panels, wind turbines, and hydro plants. It describes the basic architecture of microgrids, including main substations, smart meters, storage batteries, and distributed generators. Microgrids help improve system efficiency and reliability by allowing generation and loads to operate as a subsystem. The document provides examples of existing microgrid ventures in India, some of which are operational while others are still in development. It analyzes the benefits of microgrids for providing backup power and reducing emissions from conventional generation technologies.
IRJET- Atomized Solar Pump for Industrial/Agricultural Purpose using PIC Cont...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed solar-powered automated water pumping system that can be used as an alternative to fossil fuel-based pumping systems in villages. The system uses a PIC microcontroller to control a solar panel, battery, DC motor, level sensor, and other components. When the solar panel voltage is insufficient, the system automatically switches to the battery or grid supply to power the water pump. The system aims to provide a reliable and cost-effective renewable energy solution for irrigation and other water needs while avoiding environmental impacts from fossil fuels. Testing showed the system successfully switches power sources to operate the pump based on available solar, battery, and grid voltage levels. Potential applications include agriculture, colleges, hospitals, and homes.
This document describes a solar-powered weed cutting robot. It consists of a solar panel that converts solar energy to electrical energy, which charges a battery. The battery then powers a DC motor that spins cutting blades to cut grass and weeds. It is designed to reduce manual labor for gardening and lawn maintenance while being environmentally friendly by relying on solar power instead of gasoline. The document provides details on the components, working mechanism, advantages, and potential future improvements to the robot, such as making it fully solar-powered, reducing its weight, or enabling it to cut other plants and materials.
Development of Auxiliary Automobile Air Conditioning System by Solar EnergyIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on developing an auxiliary automobile air conditioning system powered by solar energy. The system aims to reduce fuel consumption and engine load by disconnecting the compressor from the engine and powering it using solar energy instead. It describes the key components of the proposed system, including solar panels, batteries, an electric motor, and compressor. Experimental results show that a 100W solar panel could generate enough power in a day to run the air conditioner for approximately 1 hour. A cost analysis finds the system would reach the break-even point after 17,342 km in fuel savings, meaning owners would recoup the initial costs after that distance. The paper concludes the solar-powered air conditioning system would be both eco-
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered grass cutter. It discusses how current grass cutters require manual labor or electricity, which can be expensive and inefficient. The proposed solar grass cutter uses solar panels to charge a battery, which powers a motor that rotates the cutting blades. It is designed to be low-cost, easy to operate, and reduce reliance on electricity. The document provides details on the various components, including the solar panels, battery, motor, blades, and frame. It discusses the working mechanism where solar energy is converted to electrical energy to power the motor and cut grass. The solar grass cutter is presented as a low-cost and efficient alternative to manual or electric grass cutting tools
Solar Powered Sprayer for Agricultural and Domestic PurposeIJRESJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Nowadays there is a great need for “conservation of energy “. Continuous use of traditional energy resources will have high risk of rising in price and energy depletion. This paper focuses on green energy utilization for agricultural and domestic purpose. The conventional energy sources uses non-renewable energy resources and they are in the form of backpack which is only useful for the agricultural purposes. This made us to think of designing a multipurpose product that is basically trolley based solar powered spryer which involves a minimum intervention of man power and operates with the no pollution for agricultural pesticide spraying and washing of vehicles. Our design mainly eliminates the back mounting of sprayer setup which causes back pain, use of fossil power which is non-renewable and hazardous and extensive use of manpower. Thus we proved to be more efficient when compared to conventional sprayer.
This presentation proposes the design of a solar-powered crop cutter and pesticide spraying robot. The robot aims to reduce human labor costs and save time in agricultural operations by automating tasks like grass cutting and pesticide spraying. It uses solar panels to charge batteries that power electric motors and actuators. A microcontroller controls the robot's functions over Wi-Fi, allowing remote operation by farmers. The presentation outlines the objectives, introduction, literature review, problem definition, proposed system design, and hardware and software requirements of the project.
IRJET- Hybrid Power Generation by using Vertical Axis Wind Turbine and So...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a hybrid power generation system using a vertical axis wind turbine and solar panels. The system aims to harness wind energy from passing vehicles on a highway using a vertical axis wind turbine. Solar panels are also included to increase the system's efficiency. The electricity generated from both sources is stored in batteries and can be used for street lighting. The system has the benefits of being environmentally friendly and reducing reliance on non-renewable energy sources. It discusses the working of vertical axis wind turbines and solar panels, provides a block diagram of the system, and concludes that the hybrid energy source is an effective solution for continuous power generation.
This document describes the design of a Universal Multipurpose Cultivator. It aims to perform various agricultural operations like seed sowing, plowing, fertilizing, and cutting using a single machine. The cultivator is designed to minimize manual labor required for farmers and make the farming process more efficient. Key components of the cultivator include a hopper, sprockets, chain drive, seed bucket, pump, plow, wheels, shaft, battery, solar panel, and tank. The document provides details on the design calculations and analysis done to select appropriate components and ensure the structural integrity of the cultivator. The cultivator is intended to be affordable and easy to use for small-scale farmers.
This document summarizes a student project analyzing and designing improvements to snowplows. The project team identified problems with existing snowplow designs such as decreased blade curvature over time, unnecessary fittings adding weight, and high power consumption. To solve these, the team proposed reinforcing the blade, removing unnecessary fittings, and analyzing the effects of snow density, vehicle speed, and cutting angle on power consumption using finite element analysis. The analysis showed reduced deformation with a reinforced blade and supports. The team concluded that blade reinforcement and removal of unnecessary fittings could help maintain curvature, increase stability, and improve efficiency.
This document provides information about magneto hydro dynamic (MHD) power generation. It begins with an introduction to MHD, which involves using magnets and electricity to generate power from hot ionized gases. It then discusses the principles and systems of MHD, including open and closed cycle systems. The main advantages are highlighted as higher efficiency, no moving parts, and ability to reach full power quickly. Challenges discussed include achieving sufficient gas conductivity and selecting durable materials that can withstand the high temperatures of MHD systems.
IRJET- Grid Connected Multilevel Converter by using Renewable Energy SourcesIRJET Journal
This document discusses a hybrid renewable energy system that uses both solar and wind power sources connected to a grid. It proposes using a seven-level multilevel inverter to convert the power from the solar panels and wind turbine to grid-compatible AC power. The system aims to provide a reliable source of electricity by combining two variable renewable sources and connecting to the grid. Modeling and simulation of the hybrid system with maximum power point tracking control is presented to regulate power from the solar and wind sources.
The document describes the design and development of an automatic solar grass cutter machine. It aims to address the drawbacks of conventional gasoline-powered grass cutters such as high operating costs, pollution, and maintenance requirements. The proposed solar grass cutter uses a solar panel to charge a battery, which then powers a DC motor that drives a stainless steel cutting blade. It is designed to be lightweight, low cost to operate, and environmentally friendly by relying on solar energy instead of gasoline. Initial testing showed the machine was able to effectively cut different types of grass using renewable solar power.
IRJET- Design and Developement of Compact Solar Agricultural Harvester using ...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a compact solar agricultural harvester using a quick return mechanism. The harvester was created to address the shortage of agricultural laborers in India and the high costs of commercial harvesters that are out of reach for small-scale farmers. The harvester uses a solar panel, cutting blade, gear assembly, battery, and DC motor. It functions as a walk-behind harvester where the motor powers a gearbox and quick return mechanism to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of the cutting blade for harvesting crops. The harvester aims to minimize harvesting time and human effort while encouraging the use of renewable energy and reducing pollution.
This document discusses the manufacturing of a solar car. It describes the key components of the solar car, including solar panels, batteries, a brushless DC motor, and a charge controller. The solar panels collect energy from the sun which is stored in lead-acid batteries. The batteries then provide power to the brushless DC motor, which drives the car. The charge controller regulates the voltage to prevent overcharging of the batteries. The document analyzes the performance of the solar car system, including the effects of solar panel area and orientation on vehicle performance and fuel savings compared to gasoline-powered vehicles. It is concluded that solar electric vehicles have the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption and emissions in a sustainable way.
IRJET- High Efficiency Solar Monitoring SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes a high efficiency solar monitoring system that uses a single-axis sun tracking system and cleaning mechanism to increase the output of solar panels. The system uses light dependent resistors to detect sunlight and an Arduino microcontroller to control a servomotor that positions the solar panel to face the sun. It also uses a DC gear motor and submersible water pump to spread water on the panel and clean it. The tracking and cleaning system aims to maximize the amount of sunlight collected by the panels and increase efficiency by minimizing heat and dust accumulation. The system design and components are low-cost ways to improve solar panel performance without requiring additional space.
IRJET - Modulated Power Output by Multi-Hybrid Renewable Energy Source ba...IRJET Journal
1. The document discusses a hybrid renewable energy system that combines solar PV, wind, and biogas sources to generate power.
2. It provides an overview of each component, including descriptions of how solar PV cells and wind turbines work to generate electricity, and how biogas is produced from organic matter and can be used to run generators.
3. The document presents simulations of the hybrid system in MATLAB Simulink software, showing the integration and output of the solar, wind, and biogas sources to power electrical loads and charge battery banks.
Design and Fabrication of Portable Electric Tiller and Cutter MachineIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and fabrication of a portable electric tiller and cutter machine. The machine was created to provide farmers with an affordable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional tillers that use fossil fuels. It uses a lithium-ion battery and electric motor powered by a hub motor to drive the tilling blades and cutter attachment. The design aims to reduce farmers' costs, improve soil properties, and reduce pollution from fuel usage. The portable electric tiller was tested and found to till soil effectively while also being affordable, easy to use, and having low maintenance requirements compared to fuel-powered options.
IRJET-Grid Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Vehicles Charging Sta...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a proposed grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system using solar and wind energy to power an electric vehicle charging station and street lighting system. The system would use photovoltaic panels and a wind turbine to generate electricity, with a multilevel inverter to convert the DC power to AC and connect it to the electric grid. When renewable energy generation is insufficient, power would be drawn from the grid. The document provides background on hybrid renewable energy systems and the advantages they provide over individual solar or wind systems. It also outlines the major components of the proposed system and presents equations to calculate the power generated from the solar panels and wind turbine. The aim is to establish a reliable renewable energy source for the charging station and street lights
This document provides details on the design and fabrication of a solar powered multi-purpose weed cutting machine. The machine aims to reduce physical labor for cutting weeds using renewable solar energy as the power source. Key components include a solar panel, battery, DC motor, and cutting blades attached via a link mechanism. The machine is designed to be lightweight, easy to operate, and eco-friendly without environmental pollution. Future improvements could make it applicable for other agricultural tasks and fully solar powered.
Agriculture Field Betterment using Solar System and MicrocontrollerIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered automatic seed sowing machine that can help farmers sow seeds more efficiently. Key components of the machine include a solar panel, battery, microcontroller, sensors, electric motor and a seed dispensing mechanism. The machine is designed to sow seeds at the desired depth and spacing automatically as it is moved across the field. This helps reduce labor costs and time spent on sowing compared to manual methods. The document discusses the working of various parts and potential applications like attaching multiple hoppers or sprinklers to cover larger farm areas. It is concluded that the automatic solar-powered machine offers advantages like low cost, easy operation and improved sowing accuracy.
1. The document describes the design of a solar-powered paddy harvester to address issues with traditional manual harvesting such as labor shortages and high costs.
2. The proposed harvester uses a solar panel to charge a battery that powers a DC motor turning a circular blade at high speeds to cut crops. It is designed to be affordable for small farmers and easy to operate.
3. An evaluation of the harvester found that it fulfilled its objectives of being simple, compact, efficient and low-cost while testing showed it performed harvesting functions as expected.
This document discusses microgrids, which combine distributed energy generators like solar panels, wind turbines, and hydro plants. It describes the basic architecture of microgrids, including main substations, smart meters, storage batteries, and distributed generators. Microgrids help improve system efficiency and reliability by allowing generation and loads to operate as a subsystem. The document provides examples of existing microgrid ventures in India, some of which are operational while others are still in development. It analyzes the benefits of microgrids for providing backup power and reducing emissions from conventional generation technologies.
IRJET- Atomized Solar Pump for Industrial/Agricultural Purpose using PIC Cont...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed solar-powered automated water pumping system that can be used as an alternative to fossil fuel-based pumping systems in villages. The system uses a PIC microcontroller to control a solar panel, battery, DC motor, level sensor, and other components. When the solar panel voltage is insufficient, the system automatically switches to the battery or grid supply to power the water pump. The system aims to provide a reliable and cost-effective renewable energy solution for irrigation and other water needs while avoiding environmental impacts from fossil fuels. Testing showed the system successfully switches power sources to operate the pump based on available solar, battery, and grid voltage levels. Potential applications include agriculture, colleges, hospitals, and homes.
This document describes a solar-powered weed cutting robot. It consists of a solar panel that converts solar energy to electrical energy, which charges a battery. The battery then powers a DC motor that spins cutting blades to cut grass and weeds. It is designed to reduce manual labor for gardening and lawn maintenance while being environmentally friendly by relying on solar power instead of gasoline. The document provides details on the components, working mechanism, advantages, and potential future improvements to the robot, such as making it fully solar-powered, reducing its weight, or enabling it to cut other plants and materials.
Development of Auxiliary Automobile Air Conditioning System by Solar EnergyIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on developing an auxiliary automobile air conditioning system powered by solar energy. The system aims to reduce fuel consumption and engine load by disconnecting the compressor from the engine and powering it using solar energy instead. It describes the key components of the proposed system, including solar panels, batteries, an electric motor, and compressor. Experimental results show that a 100W solar panel could generate enough power in a day to run the air conditioner for approximately 1 hour. A cost analysis finds the system would reach the break-even point after 17,342 km in fuel savings, meaning owners would recoup the initial costs after that distance. The paper concludes the solar-powered air conditioning system would be both eco-
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered grass cutter. It discusses how current grass cutters require manual labor or electricity, which can be expensive and inefficient. The proposed solar grass cutter uses solar panels to charge a battery, which powers a motor that rotates the cutting blades. It is designed to be low-cost, easy to operate, and reduce reliance on electricity. The document provides details on the various components, including the solar panels, battery, motor, blades, and frame. It discusses the working mechanism where solar energy is converted to electrical energy to power the motor and cut grass. The solar grass cutter is presented as a low-cost and efficient alternative to manual or electric grass cutting tools
Solar Powered Sprayer for Agricultural and Domestic PurposeIJRESJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Nowadays there is a great need for “conservation of energy “. Continuous use of traditional energy resources will have high risk of rising in price and energy depletion. This paper focuses on green energy utilization for agricultural and domestic purpose. The conventional energy sources uses non-renewable energy resources and they are in the form of backpack which is only useful for the agricultural purposes. This made us to think of designing a multipurpose product that is basically trolley based solar powered spryer which involves a minimum intervention of man power and operates with the no pollution for agricultural pesticide spraying and washing of vehicles. Our design mainly eliminates the back mounting of sprayer setup which causes back pain, use of fossil power which is non-renewable and hazardous and extensive use of manpower. Thus we proved to be more efficient when compared to conventional sprayer.
This presentation proposes the design of a solar-powered crop cutter and pesticide spraying robot. The robot aims to reduce human labor costs and save time in agricultural operations by automating tasks like grass cutting and pesticide spraying. It uses solar panels to charge batteries that power electric motors and actuators. A microcontroller controls the robot's functions over Wi-Fi, allowing remote operation by farmers. The presentation outlines the objectives, introduction, literature review, problem definition, proposed system design, and hardware and software requirements of the project.
IRJET- Hybrid Power Generation by using Vertical Axis Wind Turbine and So...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a hybrid power generation system using a vertical axis wind turbine and solar panels. The system aims to harness wind energy from passing vehicles on a highway using a vertical axis wind turbine. Solar panels are also included to increase the system's efficiency. The electricity generated from both sources is stored in batteries and can be used for street lighting. The system has the benefits of being environmentally friendly and reducing reliance on non-renewable energy sources. It discusses the working of vertical axis wind turbines and solar panels, provides a block diagram of the system, and concludes that the hybrid energy source is an effective solution for continuous power generation.
This document describes the design of a Universal Multipurpose Cultivator. It aims to perform various agricultural operations like seed sowing, plowing, fertilizing, and cutting using a single machine. The cultivator is designed to minimize manual labor required for farmers and make the farming process more efficient. Key components of the cultivator include a hopper, sprockets, chain drive, seed bucket, pump, plow, wheels, shaft, battery, solar panel, and tank. The document provides details on the design calculations and analysis done to select appropriate components and ensure the structural integrity of the cultivator. The cultivator is intended to be affordable and easy to use for small-scale farmers.
This document summarizes a student project analyzing and designing improvements to snowplows. The project team identified problems with existing snowplow designs such as decreased blade curvature over time, unnecessary fittings adding weight, and high power consumption. To solve these, the team proposed reinforcing the blade, removing unnecessary fittings, and analyzing the effects of snow density, vehicle speed, and cutting angle on power consumption using finite element analysis. The analysis showed reduced deformation with a reinforced blade and supports. The team concluded that blade reinforcement and removal of unnecessary fittings could help maintain curvature, increase stability, and improve efficiency.
This document provides information about magneto hydro dynamic (MHD) power generation. It begins with an introduction to MHD, which involves using magnets and electricity to generate power from hot ionized gases. It then discusses the principles and systems of MHD, including open and closed cycle systems. The main advantages are highlighted as higher efficiency, no moving parts, and ability to reach full power quickly. Challenges discussed include achieving sufficient gas conductivity and selecting durable materials that can withstand the high temperatures of MHD systems.
The lubrication system lubricates, seals, cleans, cools, and absorbs shock in the engine. Oil viscosity allows it to flow easily when hot but thickly when cold. Proper viscosity is important for wear protection. The lubrication system includes an oil pump, pan, filter, galleries, and pressure and level indicators. Regular oil changes are needed every 5,000 km or 3 months to prevent sludge and wear.
3000kg of steam per hour at 0.95 dryness fraction enters a barometric condenser. The tail race is 8.5m above the hot well and the barometric pressure is 760mm Hg. Cooling water enters at 25°C and the exit temperature of the condenser/cooling water mixture is 50°C.
This document discusses sliding contact bearings. It defines a bearing and explains that sliding contact bearings have surfaces that slide against each other between the moving and fixed elements. The document categorizes bearings based on load direction and contact nature. It describes types of sliding contact bearings including full journal, partial journal, and fitted journal bearings. The document also covers lubrication thickness, materials used, design procedure, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of sliding contact bearings.
- A concentric spring consisting of two helical compression springs is used as a valve spring in a diesel engine.
- The composite spring is subjected to a maximum force of 6000N and deflects 50 mm.
- The maximum torsional shear stress induced in each spring is 800 N/mm2.
- Each spring has the same spring index of 6 and are made of the same material.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.