The document discusses various topics related to software testing including the software development life cycle, testing objectives, principles, types, plans, cases, techniques, tools, and an assessment. It provides an overview of functional and non-functional testing, test planning, case design, black box techniques, test execution, reporting, and tools. A sample assessment at the end includes multiple choice questions related to testing.
2. The Software Development Life Cycle
Requirement
Analysis
Design
CodingTesting
Implementation
Software Requirement Specification
Design Specification
Test Strategy
Test Plan
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4. Testing Objectives
• Testing activity is performed to find
defects in the softwareDetect Defects
• Testing activity is performed to check
if the software meets the specified
requirements
Determine
specified
Requirements are
met
• Testing activity is performed to test the
performance of the application.
Test the
Performance
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5. Testing Principles
Testing shows presence of defects
Exhaustive testing is impossible
Early Testing
Defect Clustering
Pesticide paradox
Testing is context dependent
Absence of errors fallacy
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6. Software Testing Life Cycle
Test Planning
Test Analysis and
Design
Test Implementation
and Execution
Evaluating Exit
Criteria and Reporting
Test Closure Activities
Testing Objectives are defined
Test Case designing
Identifying the Test Data
Identifying the environment,
Infrastructure and Tools
Test Executing
Test Results
Logging Defects
Re-testing
Verify if more testing is required
Test Summary Report
Test Archive
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8. Test Plan
Test Plan describes
Assign mitigation and contingencies to the identified risks
Decide scope of testing according to level of risk
Features to be tested
Features not to be tested
Tasks to be performed
The environment in which testing is to be done
Test Schedule
Test Execution
Test Plan
Scope ResourcesApproach Schedule
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9. Test Case
Expected Output Actual Result=
A test case is a document that contains detailed instructions for testing the
functionality of a software application
A Robust Test case should be
Independent to meet specific requirements
Easily understandable during testing
Free from spelling and grammatical mistakes.
Able to cover at least one functionality or requirement
Able to uncover bugs
Test Components
Test Case Name Objectives Test Case ID
Prerequisites Actions Expected Result
Actual Result Status General Remarks
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10. Black Box Test Design Technique
Boundary
Value Analysis
Equivalence
partitioning
Error
Guessing
State
Transition
Syntax Testing
Cause effect
Graphic
Represents a set of valid and invalid conditions
Test condition which give similar results are grouped under one partition
Number of test cases is reduced considerably
Identifies bugs around the boundaries.
Takes into account output specifications when deriving test cases
Used to test the behavior of the application where the bug is most likely to occur
ADHOC method to identify tests that are likely to expose bugs.
Enables to make guess about bugs that are likely to be present in the application
Test Activities based on areas that are not covered by formal design techniques.
Enables you to test the transition from one state to another
Identifies the events which causes the transition and specifies Actions that result
from the transition
Used to design test cases for software applications based on the syntax of the input.
Test the application with different set of input values
Used to identify possible causes of a problem by using the cause effect diagram
Analyze Cause of the problem
Identify the source of bugs and Observe the effects of the problem.
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11. Execute a Test Case
Test
Log
Pass BlockedFail
Attributes of Test Log
Test log identifier Test Description Test Case ID
Execution Description Actual Result Status
Environmental Information Anomalous Events Incident Identifier
Name of Tester Date of testing General Comments
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12. Test Summary Report
Parameters of Report
Number of Modules tested
Number of test cases passed or failed
Number of bugs identified
Precondition of Test Summary Report
Test Log to be completed
Testing activities should to be completed
Testing execution should be completed
Benefits of Test Summary Report
Effectiveness of testing effort
Quality of application
Test Coverage
Decide any change
Reference to lessons learned
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13. Defect
Defects are events that occurred during text execution and require
investigation.
New Open Assigned Resolved Verified Closed
Defer
Reject
ReopenDefect Report
Defect ID
Defect Summary
Actual Result
Expected Result
Date and Time
Supporting Evidence
Potential Impact (Severity & Priority)
Found By
Assigned To
Status
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14. Test Tools
Functional
Testing Tools
Software
Functionality
Software Requirement
Specifications
Used mainly for regression testing
Performance
Testing Tools
Speed Effectiveness
Load
Stress
Features of Performance Test Tool
Generating Load
Measuring timing of transactions
Measuring average response time
Creating graphs and charts
E.g. QTP, Winrunner
E.g. Load Runner,
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17. Question 1
Which is the correct principle of testing?
a. Testing is context independent.
b. Testing shows presence of defects.
c. Exhaustive testing is possible.
d. Defects are evenly distributed across the modules of software.
Answer: Testing shows presence of defects
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18. Question 2
Which is the first phase of the SDLC?
a. Development
b. Testing
c. Analysis
d. Design
Answer: Analysis
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19. Question 3
Which level of testing detects defects in the integration of components?
a. Alpha testing
b. Component integration testing
c. System integration testing
d. Beta testing
Answer: Component integration testing
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20. Question 4
True or False? If a software application has bugs, the expected and the
actual test result will be different.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
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21. Question 5
Which attribute of a test log is used to describe the sequence of steps or
actions to execute a test log?
a. Execution description
b. Test log identifier
c. Test description
d. Anomalous events
Answer: Execution description
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22. Question 6
Which component of the test case provides a detailed description of every
step of execution?
a. Actual result
b. Expected result
c. Remarks
d. Action
Answer: Action
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23. Question 7
How many test cases will you need to achieve complete coverage on a
branch?
a. One
b. Two
c. Four
d. Three
Answer: Two
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24. Question 8
Risk priority helps you determine:
a. Size of the testing team.
b. Need for regression testing.
c. Extent of testing required.
d. Requirements for a testing tool.
Answer: Extent of testing required
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25. Question 9
True or False? Before creating a test summary report, you need to ensure
that each test case is given a test status such as pass, fail, or blocked.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
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26. Question 10
Which testing type will you perform to ensure that no new defects are
introduced in a new build of the software?
a. Component testing
b. Confirmation testing
c. Regression testing
d. Acceptance testing
Answer: Regression testing
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27. Question 11
True or False? White-box testing techniques are used at acceptance level
testing.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
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28. Question 12
True or False? If software is delivered to the customer with defects in it,
then it is a product risk.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
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29. Question 13
Which test case design technique is used to separate groups of input
conditions to obtain the same kind of output?
a. Equivalence partitioning
b. State transition testing
c. Error guessing
d. Boundary value analysis
Answer: Equivalence partitioning
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30. Question 14
What is the importance of test planning?
a. To prepare test documents.
b. To create a matrix for measuring test results.
c. To define the testing approach.
d. To evaluate exit criteria.
Answer: To define the testing approach.
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31. For any QA training and support
related discussion, mail me at
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