The document discusses software testing concepts like verification, validation, whitebox testing, and blackbox testing. Verification ensures the product satisfies specifications, while validation ensures it meets customer requirements. Whitebox testing uses internal knowledge to test code, while blackbox testing treats the system as a black box without internal knowledge. The document also covers different types of testing like unit, integration, and functional testing.

2. What is Software?
Software is a set of
instructions stored digitally
within the computer's memory,
which tells the computer system
what to do.

3. What is Testing?
Testing is the process of executing a
program with the intention of
finding errors

4. Software testing
Software testing is a process
that should be done during the
development process. In other
words software testing is a
verification and validation
process.

5. What is Verification?
Verification is the process to
make sure the product satisfies
the conditions imposed at the
start of the development phase.
to make sure the product
behaves the way we want it to.

6. What is Validation?
Validation is the process to make
sure the product satisfies the
specified requirements at the end
of the development phase.
to make sure the product is built
as per customer requirements.

7. Difference between Verification
And Validation
Verification Validation
 Verification is to check
whether the software
conforms to
specifications.
 It does not involve
executing the code.
 It is human based
checking of documents
and files.
 Validation is to check
whether software meet
the customer
requirements.
 It always involves
executing the code.
 It is computer based
execution of program.

8. Difference between Verification
And Validation
Verification Validation
• Verification is done by
development team to
provide that the
software is as per the
specifications
• It, generally, comes
first-done before
validation.
• Validation is carried
out with the
involvement of client
and testing team.
• It generally follows
after verification.

9. Purpose of Software Testing
Testing verifies that the system
meets the different requirements
including, functional, performance,
reliability, security, usability and so
on.This verification is done to
ensure that we are building the
system right.

10. Basics of Software Testing
There are two basics of software
testing:
Whitebox testing.
Blackbox testing

11. What is Whitebox Testing?
 Whitebox Testing is a software testing
method in which the internal structure of
the item being tested is known to the tester.
 White box testing is often used for
verification.
 White box testing is done by the
Developers.

12. Advantage of Whitebox Testing
 Testing can be commenced at an earlier
stage. One need not wait for the GUI to be
available.
 Testing is more thorough, with the
possibility of covering most paths.
 The other advantage of white box testing is
that it helps in optimizing the code

13. Disadvantage of Whitebox Testing
 As knowledge of code and internal structure
is a prerequisite, a skilled tester is needed to
carry out this type of testing, which
increases the cost
 Not looking at the code in a runtime
environment...

14. What is Blackbox Testing?
 Blackbox Testing is a software testing
method in which the internal structure of
the item being tested is not known to the
tester..
 Blackbox testing is often used for
Validation..
 Black box testing is done by the professional
testing team.

15. Advantage of Blackbox Testing
Tester can be non-technical.
Tester needs no knowledge of
implementation, including specific
programming languages
Tests will be done from an end user's
point of view. Because end user should
accept the system.

16. Disadvantage of Blackbox Testing
Not all properties of a software product
can be tested
The reason for a failure is not found.
Only a small number of possible inputs
can be tested and many program paths
will be left untested..

17.  Types of Testing
There are many types of testing like
Unit Testing
Integration Testing
Functional Testing
System Testing
Stress Testing

18. Types of Testing
Performance Testing
Usability Testing
Acceptance Testing
Regression Testing
Beta Testing

19. Unit Testing
Unit testing is that validate individual
unit of source code working properly…
Unit is smallest testable part of an
application..
Mostly done by developers of the
modules..

20. Goal of Unit Testing
• To isolate each part of program
and show that individual parts
are correct..

21. Advantage of Unit Testing
 Unit Testing reduces the level of bugs
in production code..
 Unit Testing inspires confidence..
 Unit Testing makes it easier to change
and refactor code.

22. Disadvantage of Unit Testing
Unit-testing will not catch every
error in the program. By definition,
it only tests the functionality of the
units….

23. Integration Testing
Integration testing is testing in which a
group of components are combined to
produce output.
 Also, the interaction between software
and hardware is tested in integration
testing if software and hardware
components have any relation.

24. Integration Testing
• Prerequisite of Integration Testing
•Before We begin Integration Testing
it is important that all the
components have been successfully
unit tested..

25. Goal of Integration Testing
To discover faults that are due to
incorrect interaction
Between different software module.

26. Integration Testing
Types of Integration Testing
Top-down testing
 Top Down Integration as the term
suggests, starts always at the top of the
program hierarchy and travels towards
its branches..

28. Integration Testing
• Bottom –Up Testing
•Bottom –Up integration as it name
implies starts at the lowest level in
the program structure.

30. Functional Testing
Functional testing is the testing to
ensure that the specified
functionality required in the
system requirements works.
it is not concerned about the
source code of the application.

31. Functional Testing
 What do you test in Functional Testing?
 The prime objective of Functional testing is
checking the functionalities of the software
system.
 Mainline functions: Testing the main
functions of an application
 Basic Usability: It involves basic usability
testing of the system. It checks whether an
user can freely navigate through the screens
without any difficulties.

32. Functional Testing
 Accessibility: Checks the accessibility of the
system for the user
 Error Conditions: Usage of testing techniques to
check for error conditions. It checks whether
suitable error messages are displayed