1) The document discusses the potential use of blockchain technology to improve science, technology, and innovation (STI) indicators and measurement.
2) Blockchain could help track contributions to innovation across global value chains and identify where value is created, potentially helping to redistribute rents from privatized innovation back to public science.
3) Specific applications proposed include using blockchain to improve open science by incentivizing the publication of all research results, integrate citizen science data, and better measure linkages across innovation systems.
Fealing - Improving indicators to inform policyinnovationoecd
The document discusses improving indicators to inform policy. It recommends establishing a framework for developing indicators, improving data quality, linking and sharing data between agencies, conducting methodological research, using existing data and establishing a chief analyst position. The main conclusion is that indicators cannot be developed without a framework to contextualize them.
Nagaoka - Comments on Science and Innovation policy making todayinnovationoecd
1. Scientific knowledge enhances technological innovation but the flow of knowledge and its impact are poorly measured. Incomplete metrics may misguide policymaking.
2. Surveys of scientists and inventors can help understand limitations of existing indicators and provide complementary information, such as what top citations indicate, the role of information cascades, and how significantly inventors utilize scientific knowledge.
3. Collaborative mechanisms like standards setting are important for coordinating R&D and diffusion but their relationship to innovation is not well understood due to lack of data linking standards to patents. Better data collection is needed to measure innovation processes and impacts.
Heitor - What do we need to measure to foster “Knowledge as Our Common Future”?innovationoecd
This document discusses the need to rebalance science and technology (STI) indicators to better capture the intrinsic value of STI beyond just economic impacts. It notes that STI statistics have become overly focused on the instrumental economic value of innovation. The document also examines expectations for the OECD's role in STI indicators, including considering contributions from a wider variety of scientific fields, advancing understanding of knowledge production processes beyond national impacts, and characterizing professional practice-based research. It emphasizes that innovation is a collective and cumulative process requiring long-term investment in education and research.
Ormala - Industrial Innovation in transition; Big datainnovationoecd
The document discusses a project that examines the application of state-of-the-art innovation processes and tools, including open innovation, social media analytics, and crowdsourcing, in industrial companies across various sectors. The project will also examine the role of regional innovation hubs and new challenge-driven innovation policies. Key activities include interviews with 800 European companies and policy reviews to develop recommendations. The project analyzes questions around business environments, innovation ecosystems, management practices, and public policy.
von Hippel - Toward more inclusive science and innovation indicatorsinnovationoecd
The document discusses the need to make science and innovation indicators more inclusive by accounting for household sector innovation. It makes two key suggestions: (1) change the Oslo Manual's definition of innovation to apply to household and other sectors, not just producers; and (2) measure household sector innovation through regular social surveys. The document argues that excluding free household innovations distorts understanding of interactions between sectors and underestimates total innovation. It provides examples and evidence of the scale and impacts of household innovation.
Vertesy - Auditing composite Indicators of Innovationinnovationoecd
This document discusses composite indicators that are used to measure innovation. It notes that innovation is complex with multiple factors, so composite indicators aggregate multiple individual indicators to provide an overall picture. Examples given are the Global Innovation Index and the European Innovation Scoreboard. The document outlines advantages of composite indicators in providing big-picture trends but also pitfalls if they are poorly constructed. It emphasizes that developing composite indicators involves normative choices that can affect policy messages. In conclusions, it questions whether commonly used innovation indicators provide an incomplete picture and if they are sufficiently aligned with addressing societal challenges.
This document summarizes discussions from a conference on developing science, technology and innovation indicators and policies. Key topics discussed include:
- The need for a systems approach and measuring innovation in all sectors to better inform policy.
- Collecting new data on topics like scientist mobility, refugee migration backgrounds, and knowledge flows to answer important questions.
- Involving stakeholders like scientists, engineers and citizens to understand impacts through participatory processes.
- The limits of indicators and risks of oversimplification or perverse effects from misuse of metrics like rankings.
- Making indicators more inclusive by capturing contributions from new performers and geographical or cognitive areas not traditionally included.
- Opportunities and challenges of
This document discusses new opportunities for using data to inform innovation policy. It identifies three key opportunities: 1) Identifying novel areas of economic activity through web scraping and natural language processing; 2) Analyzing complex innovation systems by merging datasets and applying machine learning; and 3) Opening up innovation data and analysis through interactive data visualization and open data. Each opportunity is accompanied by examples and challenges. The conclusion emphasizes removing uncertainty through experiments, enhancing learning through collaboration, and embracing pragmatism over "silver bullet" solutions.
Fealing - Improving indicators to inform policyinnovationoecd
The document discusses improving indicators to inform policy. It recommends establishing a framework for developing indicators, improving data quality, linking and sharing data between agencies, conducting methodological research, using existing data and establishing a chief analyst position. The main conclusion is that indicators cannot be developed without a framework to contextualize them.
Nagaoka - Comments on Science and Innovation policy making todayinnovationoecd
1. Scientific knowledge enhances technological innovation but the flow of knowledge and its impact are poorly measured. Incomplete metrics may misguide policymaking.
2. Surveys of scientists and inventors can help understand limitations of existing indicators and provide complementary information, such as what top citations indicate, the role of information cascades, and how significantly inventors utilize scientific knowledge.
3. Collaborative mechanisms like standards setting are important for coordinating R&D and diffusion but their relationship to innovation is not well understood due to lack of data linking standards to patents. Better data collection is needed to measure innovation processes and impacts.
Heitor - What do we need to measure to foster “Knowledge as Our Common Future”?innovationoecd
This document discusses the need to rebalance science and technology (STI) indicators to better capture the intrinsic value of STI beyond just economic impacts. It notes that STI statistics have become overly focused on the instrumental economic value of innovation. The document also examines expectations for the OECD's role in STI indicators, including considering contributions from a wider variety of scientific fields, advancing understanding of knowledge production processes beyond national impacts, and characterizing professional practice-based research. It emphasizes that innovation is a collective and cumulative process requiring long-term investment in education and research.
Ormala - Industrial Innovation in transition; Big datainnovationoecd
The document discusses a project that examines the application of state-of-the-art innovation processes and tools, including open innovation, social media analytics, and crowdsourcing, in industrial companies across various sectors. The project will also examine the role of regional innovation hubs and new challenge-driven innovation policies. Key activities include interviews with 800 European companies and policy reviews to develop recommendations. The project analyzes questions around business environments, innovation ecosystems, management practices, and public policy.
von Hippel - Toward more inclusive science and innovation indicatorsinnovationoecd
The document discusses the need to make science and innovation indicators more inclusive by accounting for household sector innovation. It makes two key suggestions: (1) change the Oslo Manual's definition of innovation to apply to household and other sectors, not just producers; and (2) measure household sector innovation through regular social surveys. The document argues that excluding free household innovations distorts understanding of interactions between sectors and underestimates total innovation. It provides examples and evidence of the scale and impacts of household innovation.
Vertesy - Auditing composite Indicators of Innovationinnovationoecd
This document discusses composite indicators that are used to measure innovation. It notes that innovation is complex with multiple factors, so composite indicators aggregate multiple individual indicators to provide an overall picture. Examples given are the Global Innovation Index and the European Innovation Scoreboard. The document outlines advantages of composite indicators in providing big-picture trends but also pitfalls if they are poorly constructed. It emphasizes that developing composite indicators involves normative choices that can affect policy messages. In conclusions, it questions whether commonly used innovation indicators provide an incomplete picture and if they are sufficiently aligned with addressing societal challenges.
This document summarizes discussions from a conference on developing science, technology and innovation indicators and policies. Key topics discussed include:
- The need for a systems approach and measuring innovation in all sectors to better inform policy.
- Collecting new data on topics like scientist mobility, refugee migration backgrounds, and knowledge flows to answer important questions.
- Involving stakeholders like scientists, engineers and citizens to understand impacts through participatory processes.
- The limits of indicators and risks of oversimplification or perverse effects from misuse of metrics like rankings.
- Making indicators more inclusive by capturing contributions from new performers and geographical or cognitive areas not traditionally included.
- Opportunities and challenges of
This document discusses new opportunities for using data to inform innovation policy. It identifies three key opportunities: 1) Identifying novel areas of economic activity through web scraping and natural language processing; 2) Analyzing complex innovation systems by merging datasets and applying machine learning; and 3) Opening up innovation data and analysis through interactive data visualization and open data. Each opportunity is accompanied by examples and challenges. The conclusion emphasizes removing uncertainty through experiments, enhancing learning through collaboration, and embracing pragmatism over "silver bullet" solutions.
This document outlines a project assessing the impacts of public research. The project aims to provide new evidence on how public research and related policies impact innovation by characterizing different university systems, mapping public research policies, and assessing contributions of scientific disciplines to industry. The project activities include empirical analysis of US and European university data; qualitative mapping of public research policies across countries; and in-depth analysis of interactions between scientific fields and economic sectors. Workshops will be held to exchange information on findings and impact assessment methodologies.
Gokhberg - Undervalued innovators: Expansion of the harmonised innovation sur...innovationoecd
This document discusses expanding innovation surveys to include additional sectors beyond manufacturing and services.
It provides rationales for increasing the sectoral coverage of surveys to mining, utilities, and agriculture due to the transformative effects of new technologies across all sectors. These sectors represent significant shares of GDP and employment in some countries.
The document also notes the need to consider sector-specific definitions, activities, and knowledge patterns in survey methodology. Case studies on mining, utilities, and agriculture highlight technological trends driving innovation in those industries. Surveys in Russia have found mining and utilities display innovation intensities similar to low-tech sectors.
Blind - Standardisation and standards as research and innovation indicatorsinnovationoecd
This document discusses standardization and standards as indicators of research and innovation. It provides an overview of the international standardization system and different types of standards. Standards can positively or negatively impact innovation through effects like network externalities, compatibility, quality, and variety reduction. The document presents models of how standards relate to the research and innovation process as well as initiatives to better integrate standardization into research policy. It highlights opportunities to link data on publications, patents, and standards but notes challenges in developing common, longitudinal data across different standard setting bodies and countries.
Kornelia Konrad-La empresa y las políticas de innovación transformadorasFundación Ramón Areces
El 25 de abril de 2017 organizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces una mesa redonda sobre 'La empresa y las políticas de innovación transformadoras'. En este foro participaron, entre otros, Totti Konnola, CEO de Insight Foresight Institute; Luis Fernando Álvarez-Gascón Pérez, Director General GMV secure eSolutions; y Francisco Marín, Director General del CDTI. Esta actividad se celebró en colaboración con el Grupo de Investigación en Economía y Política de la Innovación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (GRINEI-UCM) y el Foro de Empresas Innovadoras (FEI).
Foresight Methods and Practice: Lessons Learned from International Foresight ...Totti Könnölä
This document provides an overview of foresight methods and lessons learned from international foresight exercises. It discusses how foresight can contribute to the entire policy cycle from agenda setting to evaluation. It emphasizes that foresight designs must always be customized and that foresight tools should not be the first step, but should engage stakeholders. Key methods discussed include scenarios, roadmaps, and integrating different foresight techniques. Case studies from Chile and the IMS 2020 project are also summarized.
Intellectual Property Policies for Innovation in Kazakhstaninnovationoecd
This document discusses boosting Kazakhstan's national intellectual property system for innovation. It provides an overview of Kazakhstan's socio-economic conditions and innovation potential, the organization of its intellectual property system, different intellectual property user groups in the country, and efforts to create conditions for intellectual property markets. The document recommends focusing policy on improving coordination of intellectual property policies, facilitating use of intellectual property by SMEs and traditional sectors, adapting policies targeted at universities to enhance private sector development, and taking a sectoral focus in intellectual property policies.
Maghe - National innovation system and policy mixinnovationoecd
This document summarizes a study that classified innovation policies across 34 countries based on their objectives, instruments, beneficiaries, and sectors. Cluster analysis identified 5 main policy clusters: 1) countries focusing on research organizations and science, 2) countries targeting market-oriented R&D, 3) weaker innovators focusing on knowledge transfer, 4) Eastern EU countries targeting competencies, and 5) top innovators focusing on upstream R&D. The study aims to evaluate policy efficiency and complement traditional innovation performance indicators. Further research needs extensive comparable policy databases across countries.
Charmes - Measuring innovation in the informal economy, formulating an agendainnovationoecd
This document discusses measuring innovation in the informal economy. It proposes three approaches: 1) adapting formal economy innovation surveys, 2) adding innovation questions to informal economy surveys, and 3) conducting interview-based studies. Two viable options are identified: adding questions to existing informal economy surveys or conducting ad hoc sectoral studies. The document recommends starting with qualitative studies to better understand informal innovation before integrating questions into large-scale surveys. Overall, the goal is to develop a standardized approach to measuring innovation in the informal economy across Africa.
Hoskens - State of the art in capturing firm level indicatorsinnovationoecd
1) Several studies have found that innovation measurement through surveys is highly susceptible to questionnaire design effects, compromising international comparability as countries differ in their survey methods.
2) Randomized experiments manipulating factors like survey length, format, and voluntary/mandatory status found significant differences in reported innovation rates. For example, short forms and voluntary surveys yielded higher rates.
3) The document recommends more systematic testing of design effects and revising current guidelines that assume short and long forms provide equivalent measurements of innovation. Standardizing certain design features across countries could improve comparability.
Transformative governance of adaptive digital platform ecosystemsTotti Könnölä
The document discusses transformative governance of adaptive digital platform ecosystems. It proposes several principles for governance including polycentricity, redundancy, diversity, connectivity, and directionality. These principles aim to enhance inclusiveness, resilience, learning, and renewal as platform ecosystems mature from emergence to expansion to maturity. The principles are applied to the case of transport code platform ecosystems, where governments can enhance interoperability and access to data/infrastructure while avoiding lock-ins and privatization that limit emergence of new platforms.
Cohen - Measuring innovation: An alternative survey based approachinnovationoecd
The document summarizes a survey on the "Division of Innovative Labor" (DoIL) that examines the extent to which innovators acquire inventions from external sources. Some key findings:
- 49% of manufacturers acquired the underlying invention for their most important innovation from outside sources.
- The innovation accounted for a significant percentage (over 25%) of business unit sales on average.
- Firms made complementary investments such as in new sales channels, equipment, or personnel to commercialize innovations.
- 42% of manufacturing innovators patented their innovations, with a lower 24% rate for externally-acquired innovations.
The survey provides an alternative approach to measuring innovation that focuses on a specific innovation
deJong - The importance of measuring husehold sector innovationinnovationoecd
This document discusses the importance of measuring household sector innovation. Some key points:
- Household sector innovation, or innovation by individual consumers, accounts for millions of innovations and substantial time and money spent. However, only a small percentage diffuse beyond the innovating household.
- Surveys can measure household sector innovation by asking consumers about novel products or modifications they have developed for personal use. Firm surveys can also track adoption of household sector innovations.
- Further developing social surveys of household innovators and revising firm innovation surveys to explicitly measure adoption of household innovations would help better capture this important type of grassroots innovation.
Unleashing innovation and entrepreneurship in Europe: People, places and poli...Totti Könnölä
Dr. Totti Könnölä (CEO of Insight Foresight Institute) gave an invited lecture on ‘Unleashing innovation and entrepreneurship in Europe: People, places and policies’ (building on the preliminary findings from the CEPS Taskforce) in the Enterprise and Innovation Community (EIC) meeting of the League of European Research Universities (LERU) at the Universiteit Leiden on 8, 2016.
This document provides an overview of the OECD project on Innovation for Inclusive Growth and its 2015 report. The project aims to examine how innovation can promote inclusive development. It involved experts from various countries and organizations. The 2015 report focuses on inclusive innovations that improve welfare for disadvantaged groups. It discusses policy approaches to support such innovations and ensure they reach scale. The document outlines challenges like informality, access to expertise and finance, and regulatory issues. It proposes policy responses like cross-government coordination, public-private partnerships, and financial support to foster cooperation across actors and address challenges.
EUROPEAN INSTITUTE OF INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY: POLICY EXPERIMENTATION FOR P...Totti Könnölä
The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, the Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation TEKES and the Finnish Innovation Fund SITRA organised in autumn 2016 an international workshop to compile international research data on developing ecosystems. Totti Könnölä, CEO of Insight Foresight Institute, presented the paper “Co-creating Pan-European Innovation Ecosystems: reflections from the EIT”.
Industrial Policy for New Growth Areas and
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
Research workshop in Helsinki 28.-29. November 2016
Convenors: Timo Hämäläinen, Sitra and Antonio
Andreoni, SOAS University of London
Organizers: Sitra, Tekes & MEE
Invited lecture
Presentation by the OECD on Encouraging Open Data in Governments made at the ...OECD Governance
This presentation by Barbara Ubaldi (OECD) was made at the OECD conference on Innovating the Public Sector: From Ideas to Impact (12-13 November 2014). For more information visit the OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation: https://www.oecd.org/governance/observatory-public-sector-innovation/events/.
Jankowski - Findings from an ongoing examination of metrics on innovationinnovationoecd
This document summarizes findings from an examination of innovation metrics in the U.S. business sector. It discusses criticisms of existing innovation surveys, including that firms don't centrally track new products and definitions vary. A revised approach was tested using the Microbusiness Innovation, Technology and Science survey, asking about specific innovation types rather than new products. Analysis found only half to two-thirds of examples aligned with guidelines. Next steps include a new Microbusiness R&D and Innovation Survey in 2017 and case studies to better understand business innovation.
Rassenfosse - IProduct database of patent products pairsinnovationoecd
The document describes a proposed database called IPRoduct that would link intellectual property (IP) data like patents to product data. This would allow researchers to study the "real impact" of innovations by observing them at the point they reach consumers. The database is being developed by collecting information companies provide online linking patents to products. An initial database includes data on 1,000 products, 3,000 patents, and 30 companies. Preliminary analysis of the data provides stylized facts and shows the database could have policy relevance by better understanding the economic impact of IP and providing new innovation indicators.
Roud - Innovation statistics-is data indifferent to the complexity of firm st...innovationoecd
The document analyzes the relationship between the sophistication of firms' innovation strategies and their ability to comprehend and accurately fill out innovation surveys. It uses data from a 2015 Russian innovation survey of over 1,300 manufacturing and ICT enterprises. Latent class analysis identifies five clusters of firms that differ in their understanding of survey concepts and precision of data provided. Regression analysis finds that factors like organizational innovation, new product innovation, and use of advanced production processes are associated with better comprehension, while abandoned innovation reduces comprehension. The study aims to understand how firms' innovation competencies impact their ability to participate meaningfully in innovation data collection.
overview on the new generation of official statistics, with focus on the automated and computerized statistical process as integrated and generalized model, as a base for a modern statistical organization.
beside the role of IT component in developing smart statistics, and the impact in improving the timing and quality and responsiveness of the statistical organization.
1. The document discusses metrics and measurement in research, noting that while metrics have their uses, there are limits to what can be measured.
2. It advocates for responsible metrics that inform rather than replace judgement, and notes that no universal metrics can assess research impact. Institutions should be transparent in their use of metrics and data.
3. The document also addresses challenges in evaluating research, noting cognitive biases like halo effects, anchoring biases, and hindsight bias that can influence assessments, as well as perverse incentives around hype. It calls for innovative and humble thinking in research.
This document discusses using evidence-based decision making to improve science funding and policy decisions. It recommends using administrative data to better select and monitor funded projects, following the ARPA model. It also discusses open data initiatives, changing how science funding priorities are set, and ensuring metrics actually promote desired outcomes like scientific progress rather than just measured outputs.
This document outlines a project assessing the impacts of public research. The project aims to provide new evidence on how public research and related policies impact innovation by characterizing different university systems, mapping public research policies, and assessing contributions of scientific disciplines to industry. The project activities include empirical analysis of US and European university data; qualitative mapping of public research policies across countries; and in-depth analysis of interactions between scientific fields and economic sectors. Workshops will be held to exchange information on findings and impact assessment methodologies.
Gokhberg - Undervalued innovators: Expansion of the harmonised innovation sur...innovationoecd
This document discusses expanding innovation surveys to include additional sectors beyond manufacturing and services.
It provides rationales for increasing the sectoral coverage of surveys to mining, utilities, and agriculture due to the transformative effects of new technologies across all sectors. These sectors represent significant shares of GDP and employment in some countries.
The document also notes the need to consider sector-specific definitions, activities, and knowledge patterns in survey methodology. Case studies on mining, utilities, and agriculture highlight technological trends driving innovation in those industries. Surveys in Russia have found mining and utilities display innovation intensities similar to low-tech sectors.
Blind - Standardisation and standards as research and innovation indicatorsinnovationoecd
This document discusses standardization and standards as indicators of research and innovation. It provides an overview of the international standardization system and different types of standards. Standards can positively or negatively impact innovation through effects like network externalities, compatibility, quality, and variety reduction. The document presents models of how standards relate to the research and innovation process as well as initiatives to better integrate standardization into research policy. It highlights opportunities to link data on publications, patents, and standards but notes challenges in developing common, longitudinal data across different standard setting bodies and countries.
Kornelia Konrad-La empresa y las políticas de innovación transformadorasFundación Ramón Areces
El 25 de abril de 2017 organizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces una mesa redonda sobre 'La empresa y las políticas de innovación transformadoras'. En este foro participaron, entre otros, Totti Konnola, CEO de Insight Foresight Institute; Luis Fernando Álvarez-Gascón Pérez, Director General GMV secure eSolutions; y Francisco Marín, Director General del CDTI. Esta actividad se celebró en colaboración con el Grupo de Investigación en Economía y Política de la Innovación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (GRINEI-UCM) y el Foro de Empresas Innovadoras (FEI).
Foresight Methods and Practice: Lessons Learned from International Foresight ...Totti Könnölä
This document provides an overview of foresight methods and lessons learned from international foresight exercises. It discusses how foresight can contribute to the entire policy cycle from agenda setting to evaluation. It emphasizes that foresight designs must always be customized and that foresight tools should not be the first step, but should engage stakeholders. Key methods discussed include scenarios, roadmaps, and integrating different foresight techniques. Case studies from Chile and the IMS 2020 project are also summarized.
Intellectual Property Policies for Innovation in Kazakhstaninnovationoecd
This document discusses boosting Kazakhstan's national intellectual property system for innovation. It provides an overview of Kazakhstan's socio-economic conditions and innovation potential, the organization of its intellectual property system, different intellectual property user groups in the country, and efforts to create conditions for intellectual property markets. The document recommends focusing policy on improving coordination of intellectual property policies, facilitating use of intellectual property by SMEs and traditional sectors, adapting policies targeted at universities to enhance private sector development, and taking a sectoral focus in intellectual property policies.
Maghe - National innovation system and policy mixinnovationoecd
This document summarizes a study that classified innovation policies across 34 countries based on their objectives, instruments, beneficiaries, and sectors. Cluster analysis identified 5 main policy clusters: 1) countries focusing on research organizations and science, 2) countries targeting market-oriented R&D, 3) weaker innovators focusing on knowledge transfer, 4) Eastern EU countries targeting competencies, and 5) top innovators focusing on upstream R&D. The study aims to evaluate policy efficiency and complement traditional innovation performance indicators. Further research needs extensive comparable policy databases across countries.
Charmes - Measuring innovation in the informal economy, formulating an agendainnovationoecd
This document discusses measuring innovation in the informal economy. It proposes three approaches: 1) adapting formal economy innovation surveys, 2) adding innovation questions to informal economy surveys, and 3) conducting interview-based studies. Two viable options are identified: adding questions to existing informal economy surveys or conducting ad hoc sectoral studies. The document recommends starting with qualitative studies to better understand informal innovation before integrating questions into large-scale surveys. Overall, the goal is to develop a standardized approach to measuring innovation in the informal economy across Africa.
Hoskens - State of the art in capturing firm level indicatorsinnovationoecd
1) Several studies have found that innovation measurement through surveys is highly susceptible to questionnaire design effects, compromising international comparability as countries differ in their survey methods.
2) Randomized experiments manipulating factors like survey length, format, and voluntary/mandatory status found significant differences in reported innovation rates. For example, short forms and voluntary surveys yielded higher rates.
3) The document recommends more systematic testing of design effects and revising current guidelines that assume short and long forms provide equivalent measurements of innovation. Standardizing certain design features across countries could improve comparability.
Transformative governance of adaptive digital platform ecosystemsTotti Könnölä
The document discusses transformative governance of adaptive digital platform ecosystems. It proposes several principles for governance including polycentricity, redundancy, diversity, connectivity, and directionality. These principles aim to enhance inclusiveness, resilience, learning, and renewal as platform ecosystems mature from emergence to expansion to maturity. The principles are applied to the case of transport code platform ecosystems, where governments can enhance interoperability and access to data/infrastructure while avoiding lock-ins and privatization that limit emergence of new platforms.
Cohen - Measuring innovation: An alternative survey based approachinnovationoecd
The document summarizes a survey on the "Division of Innovative Labor" (DoIL) that examines the extent to which innovators acquire inventions from external sources. Some key findings:
- 49% of manufacturers acquired the underlying invention for their most important innovation from outside sources.
- The innovation accounted for a significant percentage (over 25%) of business unit sales on average.
- Firms made complementary investments such as in new sales channels, equipment, or personnel to commercialize innovations.
- 42% of manufacturing innovators patented their innovations, with a lower 24% rate for externally-acquired innovations.
The survey provides an alternative approach to measuring innovation that focuses on a specific innovation
deJong - The importance of measuring husehold sector innovationinnovationoecd
This document discusses the importance of measuring household sector innovation. Some key points:
- Household sector innovation, or innovation by individual consumers, accounts for millions of innovations and substantial time and money spent. However, only a small percentage diffuse beyond the innovating household.
- Surveys can measure household sector innovation by asking consumers about novel products or modifications they have developed for personal use. Firm surveys can also track adoption of household sector innovations.
- Further developing social surveys of household innovators and revising firm innovation surveys to explicitly measure adoption of household innovations would help better capture this important type of grassroots innovation.
Unleashing innovation and entrepreneurship in Europe: People, places and poli...Totti Könnölä
Dr. Totti Könnölä (CEO of Insight Foresight Institute) gave an invited lecture on ‘Unleashing innovation and entrepreneurship in Europe: People, places and policies’ (building on the preliminary findings from the CEPS Taskforce) in the Enterprise and Innovation Community (EIC) meeting of the League of European Research Universities (LERU) at the Universiteit Leiden on 8, 2016.
This document provides an overview of the OECD project on Innovation for Inclusive Growth and its 2015 report. The project aims to examine how innovation can promote inclusive development. It involved experts from various countries and organizations. The 2015 report focuses on inclusive innovations that improve welfare for disadvantaged groups. It discusses policy approaches to support such innovations and ensure they reach scale. The document outlines challenges like informality, access to expertise and finance, and regulatory issues. It proposes policy responses like cross-government coordination, public-private partnerships, and financial support to foster cooperation across actors and address challenges.
EUROPEAN INSTITUTE OF INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY: POLICY EXPERIMENTATION FOR P...Totti Könnölä
The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, the Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation TEKES and the Finnish Innovation Fund SITRA organised in autumn 2016 an international workshop to compile international research data on developing ecosystems. Totti Könnölä, CEO of Insight Foresight Institute, presented the paper “Co-creating Pan-European Innovation Ecosystems: reflections from the EIT”.
Industrial Policy for New Growth Areas and
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
Research workshop in Helsinki 28.-29. November 2016
Convenors: Timo Hämäläinen, Sitra and Antonio
Andreoni, SOAS University of London
Organizers: Sitra, Tekes & MEE
Invited lecture
Presentation by the OECD on Encouraging Open Data in Governments made at the ...OECD Governance
This presentation by Barbara Ubaldi (OECD) was made at the OECD conference on Innovating the Public Sector: From Ideas to Impact (12-13 November 2014). For more information visit the OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation: https://www.oecd.org/governance/observatory-public-sector-innovation/events/.
Jankowski - Findings from an ongoing examination of metrics on innovationinnovationoecd
This document summarizes findings from an examination of innovation metrics in the U.S. business sector. It discusses criticisms of existing innovation surveys, including that firms don't centrally track new products and definitions vary. A revised approach was tested using the Microbusiness Innovation, Technology and Science survey, asking about specific innovation types rather than new products. Analysis found only half to two-thirds of examples aligned with guidelines. Next steps include a new Microbusiness R&D and Innovation Survey in 2017 and case studies to better understand business innovation.
Rassenfosse - IProduct database of patent products pairsinnovationoecd
The document describes a proposed database called IPRoduct that would link intellectual property (IP) data like patents to product data. This would allow researchers to study the "real impact" of innovations by observing them at the point they reach consumers. The database is being developed by collecting information companies provide online linking patents to products. An initial database includes data on 1,000 products, 3,000 patents, and 30 companies. Preliminary analysis of the data provides stylized facts and shows the database could have policy relevance by better understanding the economic impact of IP and providing new innovation indicators.
Roud - Innovation statistics-is data indifferent to the complexity of firm st...innovationoecd
The document analyzes the relationship between the sophistication of firms' innovation strategies and their ability to comprehend and accurately fill out innovation surveys. It uses data from a 2015 Russian innovation survey of over 1,300 manufacturing and ICT enterprises. Latent class analysis identifies five clusters of firms that differ in their understanding of survey concepts and precision of data provided. Regression analysis finds that factors like organizational innovation, new product innovation, and use of advanced production processes are associated with better comprehension, while abandoned innovation reduces comprehension. The study aims to understand how firms' innovation competencies impact their ability to participate meaningfully in innovation data collection.
overview on the new generation of official statistics, with focus on the automated and computerized statistical process as integrated and generalized model, as a base for a modern statistical organization.
beside the role of IT component in developing smart statistics, and the impact in improving the timing and quality and responsiveness of the statistical organization.
1. The document discusses metrics and measurement in research, noting that while metrics have their uses, there are limits to what can be measured.
2. It advocates for responsible metrics that inform rather than replace judgement, and notes that no universal metrics can assess research impact. Institutions should be transparent in their use of metrics and data.
3. The document also addresses challenges in evaluating research, noting cognitive biases like halo effects, anchoring biases, and hindsight bias that can influence assessments, as well as perverse incentives around hype. It calls for innovative and humble thinking in research.
This document discusses using evidence-based decision making to improve science funding and policy decisions. It recommends using administrative data to better select and monitor funded projects, following the ARPA model. It also discusses open data initiatives, changing how science funding priorities are set, and ensuring metrics actually promote desired outcomes like scientific progress rather than just measured outputs.
Salazar - Towards more inclusive science and innovations indicatorsinnovationoecd
The document summarizes a panel discussion at the OECD Blue Sky Forum III on developing more inclusive science and innovation indicators. The panelists discussed developing indicators that capture innovation in non-mainstream areas, socially excluded groups, local contexts, and developing world. They also addressed how to measure culture of innovation in a society and promote socially responsible research policies. Suggestions included defining frameworks for new metrics, establishing goals, ensuring replicability, and evaluating impact on policy and society.
Sugimoto - Social media metrics as indicators of broader impactinnovationoecd
This document discusses whether social media metrics can reveal the broader impacts of scholarly work beyond citations. It acknowledges that altmetrics were intended to measure impacts in informal communication channels but finds that altmetrics do not necessarily measure broader impacts or dissemination. Key findings include that altmetrics indicators are not more diverse than citations, do not broaden geographic dissemination, and do not necessarily benefit underrepresented groups like women or global south researchers. The document recommends avoiding goal displacement with indicators and calls for more research on measuring true social impacts.
Stern - Innovation driven entrepreneurial ecosystems: A new agenda for measur...innovationoecd
The document discusses a new approach to measuring entrepreneurial quality and innovation-driven ecosystems. It involves:
1) Using business registrations as a baseline to measure entrepreneurial activity, as registration is required for growth.
2) Identifying "digital signatures" like patents, trademarks, and other startup characteristics observable in registration records that can predict future growth.
3) Developing predictive models to map startup characteristics observed at registration to later outcomes like IPOs, allowing an estimation of entrepreneurial quality for both past and present ventures.
Rafols - Towards more inclusive STI indicatorsinnovationoecd
This document discusses the need for more inclusive science, technology, and innovation (STI) indicators that better capture diverse types of research and innovation.
Current STI indicators are biased towards certain types of mainstream science and may suppress or exclude valuable creative research in other fields like agriculture. This can threaten diversity in research. Indicators are also needed that make other contributions visible, like action research or co-creation.
While STI indicators can help with decisions, they do not necessarily lead to the "right" decisions if they do not reflect the full range of social and economic functions of science. Expanding indicator data and developing new indicator types may help broaden coverage of societal problems and peripheral areas of research.
Groningen Growth and Development Centre (GGDC) 25th anniversary | 28-30 June ...innovationoecd
Over the years, OECD work on productivity and globalisation has closely mirrored the work of the GGDC on these issues, reflecting considerable cooperation over the past 25 years. Dirk Pilat, Deputy Director of the OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation, presented OECD work on productivity and Global value chains - an overview and cooperation with the GGDC.
Digital innovations -Empowering digital ecosystems and startups Soren Gigler
Presentation about the main programs of the Digital Innovation and Blockchain program at the European Commission to foster digital innovations, innovation ecosystems and enhance the access to finance for digital startups and scale-ups.
This document provides information about the 10th World Intellectual Capital Conference, which will focus on "Managing Knowledge in Boundless Organizations". The conference will feature presentations and discussions on measuring and leveraging knowledge in organizations that operate across multiple spaces. Specific topics will include knowledge flow in distributed settings, emerging practices for knowledge sharing, and the role of data in new business models. The conference aims to address these issues from different perspectives and provide policy implications. As in previous years, there will be a focus on reviewing country programs related to intellectual capital, with this year's regional focus being on Brazil and its experiences measuring and monitoring knowledge-based capital.
Does the New Economy demand New Statistical Approaches?Ian Miles
Discusses how indicators and statistical systems may need revision in light of socioeconomic macrochanges in advanced countries, proposes scenario workshop approach to progressing the issue.
Philippe Larédo-La empresa y las políticas de innovación transformadorasFundación Ramón Areces
El 25 de abril de 2017 organizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces una mesa redonda sobre 'La empresa y las políticas de innovación transformadoras'. En este foro participaron, entre otros, Totti Konnola, CEO de Insight Foresight Institute; Luis Fernando Álvarez-Gascón Pérez, Director General GMV secure eSolutions; y Francisco Marín, Director General del CDTI. Esta actividad se celebró en colaboración con el Grupo de Investigación en Economía y Política de la Innovación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (GRINEI-UCM) y el Foro de Empresas Innovadoras (FEI).
Building, embedding and reshaping Global Value Chains through investment flow...OECD CFE
Presentation by Oliver Harman, Cities Economist at Cities that Work, Oxford University, UK at the seventh meeting of the Spatial productivity Lab of the OECD Trento Centre held on 20 February 2020.
More info http://oe.cd/SPL
The document summarizes key findings from the OECD's Innovation Strategy report. It finds that innovation involves interactions across an entire system beyond just R&D. Countries need strategies that link different elements like education, infrastructure, markets, and collaboration. New players like emerging economies and young firms are contributing more to innovation. Innovation is already a major economic driver and investment, responsible for much of productivity growth. Countries are encouraged to continue supporting innovation to address challenges and fuel long-term growth.
Science, Innovation and the Economy: UK Challenges and OpportunitiesTera Allas
Presentation for Government Economic Service seminar in July 2014 on the role of science and innovation in economic growth and the UK's respective strengths and weaknesses
How Digital Transformations Impact Regional Ecosystem: The Case of SofiaBagryan Malamin
Dr. Vassil Kirov’ BEYOND4.0 presentation at the “Regional Development and the Factors of Success: Education, Economy and Social Policy in the Regions” conference organized by the ISSK-BAS and Konrad Adenauer Stiftung.
How Digital Transformations Impact Regional Ecosystem: The Case of SofiaBEYOND4.0
Dr. Vassil Kirov’ BEYOND4.0 presentation at the “Regional Development and the Factors of Success: Education, Economy and Social Policy in the Regions” conference organized by the ISSK-BAS and Konrad Adenauer Stiftung.
This document discusses Hong Kong's strategy to develop innovation and technology (I&T) by transforming into a knowledge-based economy, diversifying the economy, and increasing competitiveness. It outlines the government's role as a connector and facilitator rather than direct player. It highlights Hong Kong's strengths in universities, talent, location, legal system, and infrastructure. It also addresses challenges like traditional pillars facing competition and lack of private sector R&D investment. Key initiatives discussed include funds for research, startups, and better living, as well as stimulating private sector R&D and supporting I&T startups.
The document discusses the challenges and opportunities presented by digital transformation. It outlines the OECD's Going Digital project, which aims to 1) improve understanding of digital transformation's impacts, 2) provide policy tools to help economies prosper digitally, and 3) address the gap between technology and policy development. Key points include the need for comprehensive and proactive policy response to harness new opportunities while managing disruption, and ensuring no one is left behind as new skills are required.
Colloquium on innovation, high-tech sectors and knowledge space by Sandrine K...innovationoecd
Sandrine Kergroach, Policy Analyst, of the OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation, presented the Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook.
Manifesto: Adrian Ely - Innovation, Sustainability, Development: A New ManifestoSTEPS Centre
The STEPS Centre Symposium, 26 September 2009, focused on our Innovation, Sustainability, Development: A New Manifesto project. This presentation by Adrian Ely, convenor of the STEPS New Manifesto project, was one of those given at the event. For more information see: www.anewmanifesto.org
Ukraine: National Export Strategy Consultation. Innovation - An International...Subhrendu Chatterji
Introductory presentation to Ukranian National Export Strategy consultation participants on concepts re developing an export-oriented national innovation system and policies.
This Working Paper was published by United Nations University Maastricht Economic and social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT). It seeks to provide insights about the main characteristics of innovative firms and to gather new evidence with regard to the nature of the innovation process in the Latin American and Caribbean region. This Paper analyses data from a number of CARICOM countries.
According to the literature on innovation, several vital factors or determinants favor innovation in companies. In the case of R&D, significant advances have been made in the last two decades, which have enriched our understanding of its impact on various innovation outcomes. However, due to a lack of data availability, its study is difficult to address in emerging markets. This is why, using microdata from 5588 firms, we investigate the relationship between R&D investment and the impact on product and process innovations in different Latin American countries.
The document discusses the 'Grand Challenges' of the Triple Helix, which are global issues that science, technology and innovation can help address. It identifies four key challenges: 1) providing a systemic approach to innovation through Triple Helix systems, 2) enhancing regional innovation policy through 'smart specialization', 3) innovating higher education through new models, and 4) enhancing innovation policymaking at higher levels. It then provides details on each challenge and calls for nominations for Triple Helix Ambassadors to increase awareness of these issues.
OECD bibliometric indicators: Selected highlights, April 2024innovationoecd
This document summarizes bibliometric indicators from the OECD based on data from Elsevier's Scopus database. It shows trends in scientific publication output, citation rates, collaboration, and mobility for countries and regions from 2011-2022. It also includes perspectives on artificial intelligence research and research related to long term challenges like environmental science and energy. The data can be explored further using the OECD's STI.Scoreboard platform (https://oe.cd/sti-scoreboard) and OECD Data Explorer (https://data-explorer.oecd.org) bibliometric datasets.
Presentation of the OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2023innovationoecd
OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2023: Enabling Transitions in Times of Disruption.
Find out more and access the publication at https://www.oecd.org/sti/science-technology-innovation-outlook/
OECD bibliometric indicators: Selected highlights, March 2023 editioninnovationoecd
This document summarizes bibliometric indicators from the OECD based on data from Elsevier's Scopus database. It shows trends in scientific publication output, citation rates, collaboration, and mobility for countries and regions from 2010-2021. It also includes perspectives on COVID-19 research and research related to long term challenges like environmental science and energy. The data can be explored further using the OECD's STI.Scoreboard platform and datasets.
Countries across the OECD have developed ambitious plans for STI policy to contribute to socio-technical transitions as the world recovers from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These plans contain a broad variety of policy goals and instruments designed to support STI in a changing global environment, to tackle new and growing challenges in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to apply new tools and approaches to STI policy making, especially digital tools, that emerged in the context of the pandemic.
Countries across the OECD have developed ambitious plans for STI policy to contribute to socio-technical transitions as the world recovers from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These plans contain a broad variety of policy goals and instruments designed to support STI in a changing global environment, to tackle new and growing challenges in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to apply new tools and approaches to STI policy making, especially digital tools, that emerged in the context of the pandemic.
Countries across the OECD have developed ambitious plans for STI policy to contribute to socio-technical transitions as the world recovers from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These plans contain a broad variety of policy goals and instruments designed to support STI in a changing global environment, to tackle new and growing challenges in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to apply new tools and approaches to STI policy making, especially digital tools, that emerged in the context of the pandemic.
Analysis of scientific publishing activity: Key findings, December 2021innovationoecd
OECD bibliometric data has been updated and now includes preliminary data for 2020. The indicators are based on Scopus Custom Data, Elsevier, Version 5.2021.
Find out more about OECD work on scientometrics and bibliometrics at https://oe.cd/scientometrics
Recommandation du Conseil de l'OCDE sur l'amélioration de l'accès aux données...innovationoecd
Optimiser les bénéfices intersectoriels et transfrontières de l'accès aux données et de leur partage, tout en protégeant les droits des parties prenantes
Recommandation adoptée en octobre 2021. En savoir plus : https://oe.cd/easd21fr
OECD Council Recommendation on Enhancing Access to and Sharing of Datainnovationoecd
Maximising the cross-sectoral and cross-border benefits of data access and sharing while protecting the rights of stakeholders
Recommendation adopted in October 2021. Find our more at https://oe.cd/easd21
2020.01.12 OECD STI Outlook launch - Impacts of COVID-19: How STI systems res...innovationoecd
The document summarizes key points from the OECD STI Outlook report. It notes that the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented mobilization of scientific research, with billions pledged for research initiatives. Science and technology offer the only exit from the pandemic, but the crisis has also exposed gaps in research systems. Going forward, STI policies need to be reoriented to tackle challenges like sustainability and resilience. International collaboration will remain critical for solving global problems.
OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2020: Key findingsinnovationoecd
The document discusses the OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2020 report which examines the state of the digital economy and the impact of COVID-19. Some key findings include: connectivity has improved but gaps remain, internet and technology use varies between individuals and businesses, and COVID-19 has accelerated digital adoption and highlighted the importance of technology. The report argues that digital strategies need to be broadened to better support economic recovery as the digital economy becomes more integral.
Understanding the world of science and scientistsinnovationoecd
The 2018 OECD International Survey of Scientific Authors (ISSA) surveyed over 12,000 scientific authors to understand trends in scientific research and the digitalization of science. Key findings include: 1) Most authors are between 35-45 years old and work in universities or government agencies. 2) 65% of authors' work results in new data or code. 3) Social networks are commonly used to disseminate research information to wider audiences, while data sharing practices vary significantly by field. 4) Computer science stands out in use of digital tools like big data and computational methods.
Global Forum on Digital Security for Prosperity November 2019 event photo bookinnovationoecd
Global Forum on Digital Security for Prosperity: Encouraging Digital Security Innovation, London, 14-15 November 2019. Programme and event information available at oe.cd/gfdsp
Global Forum on Digital Security for Prosperity December 2018 event photo bookinnovationoecd
These photos were taken at the first meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Digital Security for Prosperity, held on 13-14 December 2018 in Paris, France. The Global Forum brings together experts and policy makers to foster regular sharing of experiences and good practice on digital security risk and its management, as well as mutual learning and convergence of views on digital security for economic and social prosperity. It is an international multilateral and multidisciplinary setting for all stakeholder communities. Global Forum website: oe.cd/gfdsp
#GFDSP
Participants at the December 2018 event examined the roles and responsibilities of actors for digital security and cybersecurity, with a focus on good practice for the governance of digital security risk in organisations, and improving digital security of technologies throughout their lifecycle.
The event included speakers from:
- Cybersecurity agencies of France (ANSSI), Germany (BSI), Israel (INCD), United States (DHS CISA), Malaysia, European Union (ENISA)
- Ministries from Brazil (Foreign Affairs), France (Foreign Affairs), Germany (Foreign Affairs), Japan (Min. of Economy, Trade and Industry - METI, Min. of Internal Affairs and Communication - MIC), Mexico (Instituto Federal de
Telecomunicaciones), Netherlands (Economic Affairs and Climate Policy), Norway (Min. of Local Government and Modernisation), United Kingdom (Dept. of Culture, Media, and Sports - DCMS), United States (Dept. of Commerce, Dept. of Homeland Security - DHS)
- Business: A.P. Møller – Maersk, Airbus, Deutsche Telekom, Intel, Microsoft, TÜV SÜD, YesWeHack.
- Civil society, Academia, Technical community (incl. CERT Brazil)
- Other organisations: Federation of European Risk Management Associations (FERMA), Digital Infrastructure Netherlands Foundation (DINL), FS-ISAC, Internet Society ISOC & Online Trust Alliance OTA, BEUC, CEPS, BIAC, CSISAC, ITAC
Other key speakers included:
- Angel Gurría, Secretary-General, OECD
- Guillaume Poupard, Director General, Agence Nationale de la Sécurité des Systèmes d'Information, ANSSI, France
- Pascal Andrei, Chief Security Officer, Airbus
- Arne Schönbohm, President, Federal Office for Information Security (BSI), Germany
- Bruce Schneier, Author
- Marietje Schaake, Member of European Parliament
- Henri Verdier, Ambassador for Digital Affairs, France
- Ambassador Thomas Fitschen, Special Representative for Cyber Foreign Policy and
Cybersecurity, Germany
- Matthew Travis, Deputy Director, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), United States
- Carlos da Fonseca, Head of the Information Society Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Brazil
The Oslo Manual is the international reference guide for collecting and using data on innovation. In this new 4th edition, published in October 2018, the manual has been updated to take into account a broader range of innovation-related phenomena as well as the experience gained from recent rounds of innovation surveys in OECD countries and partner economies and organisations.
OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017: Setting the foundations for the digital tr...innovationoecd
The Digital Economy Outlook 2017 shows how Internet infrastructure and usage varies across countries and firms in the OECD area. It looks at policy implications of the digital transformation as well as a wide array of trends. Report available at http://oe.cd/deo2017 - See also the OECD Going Digital project: www.oecd.org/going-digital
OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017: Presentation at Global Parliamentary Netwo...innovationoecd
The Digital Economy Outlook 2017 shows how Internet infrastructure and usage varies across countries and firms in the OECD area. It looks at policy implications of the digital transformation as well as a wide array of trends. Report available at http://oe.cd/deo2017
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...Social Samosa
The Modern Marketing Reckoner (MMR) is a comprehensive resource packed with POVs from 60+ industry leaders on how AI is transforming the 4 key pillars of marketing – product, place, price and promotions.
Global Situational Awareness of A.I. and where its headedvikram sood
You can see the future first in San Francisco.
Over the past year, the talk of the town has shifted from $10 billion compute clusters to $100 billion clusters to trillion-dollar clusters. Every six months another zero is added to the boardroom plans. Behind the scenes, there’s a fierce scramble to secure every power contract still available for the rest of the decade, every voltage transformer that can possibly be procured. American big business is gearing up to pour trillions of dollars into a long-unseen mobilization of American industrial might. By the end of the decade, American electricity production will have grown tens of percent; from the shale fields of Pennsylvania to the solar farms of Nevada, hundreds of millions of GPUs will hum.
The AGI race has begun. We are building machines that can think and reason. By 2025/26, these machines will outpace college graduates. By the end of the decade, they will be smarter than you or I; we will have superintelligence, in the true sense of the word. Along the way, national security forces not seen in half a century will be un-leashed, and before long, The Project will be on. If we’re lucky, we’ll be in an all-out race with the CCP; if we’re unlucky, an all-out war.
Everyone is now talking about AI, but few have the faintest glimmer of what is about to hit them. Nvidia analysts still think 2024 might be close to the peak. Mainstream pundits are stuck on the wilful blindness of “it’s just predicting the next word”. They see only hype and business-as-usual; at most they entertain another internet-scale technological change.
Before long, the world will wake up. But right now, there are perhaps a few hundred people, most of them in San Francisco and the AI labs, that have situational awareness. Through whatever peculiar forces of fate, I have found myself amongst them. A few years ago, these people were derided as crazy—but they trusted the trendlines, which allowed them to correctly predict the AI advances of the past few years. Whether these people are also right about the next few years remains to be seen. But these are very smart people—the smartest people I have ever met—and they are the ones building this technology. Perhaps they will be an odd footnote in history, or perhaps they will go down in history like Szilard and Oppenheimer and Teller. If they are seeing the future even close to correctly, we are in for a wild ride.
Let me tell you what we see.
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Databasejavier ramirez
Talk Delivered at Valencia Codes Meetup 2024-06.
Traditionally, databases have treated timestamps just as another data type. However, when performing real-time analytics, timestamps should be first class citizens and we need rich time semantics to get the most out of our data. We also need to deal with ever growing datasets while keeping performant, which is as fun as it sounds.
It is no wonder time-series databases are now more popular than ever before. Join me in this session to learn about the internal architecture and building blocks of QuestDB, an open source time-series database designed for speed. We will also review a history of some of the changes we have gone over the past two years to deal with late and unordered data, non-blocking writes, read-replicas, or faster batch ingestion.
Codeless Generative AI Pipelines
(GenAI with Milvus)
https://ml.dssconf.pl/user.html#!/lecture/DSSML24-041a/rate
Discover the potential of real-time streaming in the context of GenAI as we delve into the intricacies of Apache NiFi and its capabilities. Learn how this tool can significantly simplify the data engineering workflow for GenAI applications, allowing you to focus on the creative aspects rather than the technical complexities. I will guide you through practical examples and use cases, showing the impact of automation on prompt building. From data ingestion to transformation and delivery, witness how Apache NiFi streamlines the entire pipeline, ensuring a smooth and hassle-free experience.
Timothy Spann
https://www.youtube.com/@FLaNK-Stack
https://medium.com/@tspann
https://www.datainmotion.dev/
milvus, unstructured data, vector database, zilliz, cloud, vectors, python, deep learning, generative ai, genai, nifi, kafka, flink, streaming, iot, edge
ViewShift: Hassle-free Dynamic Policy Enforcement for Every Data LakeWalaa Eldin Moustafa
Dynamic policy enforcement is becoming an increasingly important topic in today’s world where data privacy and compliance is a top priority for companies, individuals, and regulators alike. In these slides, we discuss how LinkedIn implements a powerful dynamic policy enforcement engine, called ViewShift, and integrates it within its data lake. We show the query engine architecture and how catalog implementations can automatically route table resolutions to compliance-enforcing SQL views. Such views have a set of very interesting properties: (1) They are auto-generated from declarative data annotations. (2) They respect user-level consent and preferences (3) They are context-aware, encoding a different set of transformations for different use cases (4) They are portable; while the SQL logic is only implemented in one SQL dialect, it is accessible in all engines.
#SQL #Views #Privacy #Compliance #DataLake
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queriesmanishkhaire30
Dive into the world of data analysis with our comprehensive guide on mastering SQL! This presentation offers a practical approach to learning SQL, focusing on real-world applications and hands-on practice. Whether you're a beginner or looking to sharpen your skills, this guide provides the tools you need to extract, analyze, and interpret data effectively.
Key Highlights:
Foundations of SQL: Understand the basics of SQL, including data retrieval, filtering, and aggregation.
Advanced Queries: Learn to craft complex queries to uncover deep insights from your data.
Data Trends and Patterns: Discover how to identify and interpret trends and patterns in your datasets.
Practical Examples: Follow step-by-step examples to apply SQL techniques in real-world scenarios.
Actionable Insights: Gain the skills to derive actionable insights that drive informed decision-making.
Join us on this journey to enhance your data analysis capabilities and unlock the full potential of SQL. Perfect for data enthusiasts, analysts, and anyone eager to harness the power of data!
#DataAnalysis #SQL #LearningSQL #DataInsights #DataScience #Analytics
06-04-2024 - NYC Tech Week - Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
Round table discussion of vector databases, unstructured data, ai, big data, real-time, robots and Milvus.
A lively discussion with NJ Gen AI Meetup Lead, Prasad and Procure.FYI's Co-Found
University of New South Wales degree offer diploma Transcript
Soete - A Sky without Horizons
1. A Sky Without Horizons
Reflections: 10 years after
Luc Soete
UNU-MERIT,
Maastricht University
OECD Blue Sky III, Towards the next generation of data and indicators, 19-21 September 2016, Ghent, Belgium
2. 10 years after Ottawa
• 10 years ago, I presented at the Blue Sky II 2006 Forum a Keynote address
entitled “The Changing STI Climate: A sky without horizons” with the late
Christopher Freeman.
• In that contribution we looked at both past and future. As we stated: with a
combined average age of 70, it seemed logical to look at the past. Why
choices were made in the Frascati Manual with respect to the separation
between R&D and STS, despite the importance of the R&D and STS
distinction in international comparisons with exploding and imploding S&T
systems, how the desire to measure the professionalization of S&T became
to dominate , etc.
• Ten years after, with Chris Freeman no longer being there, I focus more on
present and future challenges with respect to STI indicators.
2
3. 1. The present “over-use” and “under-impact”
of R&D indicators
• Undoubtedly a major achievement of OECD and National Statistical
Offices:
• R&D 50 years later now well recognized in economic and policy circles
• Closely linked with productivity highlighting link with STS
• In the 2008 System of National Accounts R&D became a capital expenditure
for the first time rather than an expense as it was considered in the beginning
of national accounting.
• This is having a significant influence not only on indicators of science and
technology but also on re-estimation of GDP.
• In short, R&D has become a full economically well-integrated indicator.
• Yet, we do not seem to get sufficiently out of available R&D statistics
4. R&D and productivity on Google Trends
(as presented in Ottawa on September 26th, 2006)
5. R&D and productivity on Google Trends
(on September 20th 2016)
• https://www.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=R%26D,Product
ivity
6. STI (Mis-)Measurement: “plus ça change, plus
c’est la même chose…”
• However, links between R&D and productivity are becoming tenious,
a country’s high R&D intensity is not a guarantee for future growth or
productivity growth.
• Reasons:
• Global value chains undermining any direct link between national R&D
intensity investments and domestic value extraction
• World-wide increase in R&D, with more than a doubling in the number of
scientists and engineers worldwide over the last fifteen years with different
components of R&D distributed world-wide
• Impact of digitalisation on research collaboration
7. On the need for a system approach
• We need to take increasingly a systems approach to the development of
indicators and, in the course of doing that, find a way to measure value in
global value chains which will produce indicators directly relevant to fiscal
policy.
• A systems approach deals with the actors (agents) in the system wherever
they are, what they do (activities), how they interact (linkages) and what is
the result in the short term (outcomes) and in the longer term (impacts).
• The system is constrained by boundary conditions (framework conditions,
rules of the game, institutions, geographical boundaries…). The boundary
conditions are part of the system: goes back to Donella Meadows and
Limits to Growth and to Herbert Simon and J. Forrester.
• A simple graphical presentation limited to R&D indicators: R&D human
capital and public R&D funding, attracting global private R&D.
8. Public and private R&D are complementary, not substitutes
(USR, 2015)
Mutually reinforcing effect of strong government investment in R&D and researchers, 2010–2011
The size of the bubbles is proportionate to GERD funded by business as a share of GDP (%)
8
Finland
Denmark
Singapore
Korea, Rep. of
Norway
Luxembourg
SwedenJapan
Canada
Portugal
Austria
UK
Germany
Slovenia
USA
France
Belgium
New Zealand
Netherlands
Estonia
Ireland
Russian Fed.
Spain
Czech RepublicSlovakia
Lithuania
Hungary
Latvia
Italy
PolandCroatia
Malta
BulgariaMalaysia
UkraineCosta Rica Argentina
Serbia
Turkey
China
Romania
Brazil
Kazakhstan
Uruguay
MexicoColombia
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60
Researchers(FTE)permillioninhabitants
GERD funded from non-business sources as a percentage of GDP (%)
9.
10. Indicators of innovation
• Why we have had since long indicators of R&D and patents, only since the 1990s
have we had innovation indicators thanks to the Oslo Manual and the Community
Innovation Survey and like surveys. However, these indicators have been quite
limited: the Innovation Union Scoreboard has 6 of the 25 indicators come from
the CIS
• What is clearly missing is a generalized definition of innovation for all of the SNA
sectors, not just for the business sector which is what the Oslo Manual has given
us for the last 25 years. There is a proposal at this conference for such generalised
definitions at this Forum (Gault).
• Indicators, to be indicators, should, however, be used in the policy process. One
of the central issues we face today is understanding products (goods or services)
resulting from global value chains.
• This is even more the case for Innovation as a leading question is to which
country the new value created should be attributed in terms of e.g. tax revenues.
11. Global value chains in an innovation system
• Innovation can happen everywhere, in government departments and research
institutes, in hospitals, universities and museums, in households (including
individuals), and in the business sector where innovation indicators have been
part of official statistics.
• There are, however, two sets of innovation indicators not well represented in the
current set: those dealing with linkages; and those related to framework
conditions.
• For a product like the iPod, its design, production and marketing take place in different
countries and involve different elements of the innovation system (actors, activities, linkages
and outcomes). The challenge is how to identify and record each transaction in the value
chain including its geographical location. Before we go there, consider briefly the framework
conditions that apply to the system.
• Framework conditions vary with jurisdiction and include history, education and culture of
participants in the system. These are difficult to change in the short term. However, terms of
trade, standards, and the terms of labour contracts can be changed in the shorter term by
governments as can the taxes related to value creation.
12. R&D and Innovation in Google Trends
(as presented in Ottawa on September 26th, 2006)
13. R&D and Innovation in Google Trends
(on September 20th 2016)
• https://www.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=R%26D,innovati
on
14. 2. The future: the “Blue Sky” of ST--I
• There is of course the incremental progress, such as getting a discussion of
generalised definitions of innovation into Chapter 2 of the Oslo Manual
revision. After 25 years (in 2017), it seems useful to deal with more than
just the business sector as the Manual has done up to now.
• But the impact of the digitalisation and democratization of innovation, the
emergence of global, general purpose platforms and local innovations
apps, implies that we are confronted with a global systemic feature of STI,
whereby Innovation is much more widely distributed than R&D, less
dependent on the professional R&D lab, more involving trial and error, with
a more crucial role of users.
• Robert Madelin, the previous innovation advisor to the EC, put it more
radically: “research and innovation are growing in different directions”
15. Implications for STI: lessons from the past
(slide from 2006 Ottawa presentation)
• Early Frascati distinction between R&D and STS particularly relevant today
• Dichotomy between novelty and routine, between professional R&D and production
less relevant today
• Implications for international STI measurement particularly with respect to emerging
economies
• In addition, dichotomy between production as traditional locus of
innovation and consumption less relevant
• From old insights into user-producer relationships (Lundvall)..
• to new visions about role of user in R&D process (von Hippel), collaborative
innovation (David and Ghosh)
• Broader economic impact of innovation again revealed through Google
Trends
16. GDP and Innovation in Google Trends
(as presented in Ottawa on September 26th, 2006)
17. GDP and Innovation in Google Trends
(on September 20th 2016)
• https://www.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=GDP,innovation
18. A crazy idea: let’s use Blockchain
• Blockchain is a distributed database, spread across computers with no
central control that transforms governance, the economy, businesses and
the functioning of organisations.
• It’s most popular use is in Bitcoins, but also in other services and
commodities – badges, credits, and qualifications.
• Each ‘block’ is transparent but tamper-proof. A ‘block’ has a timestamp for
recording transactions and offers indelible proof of all of them. It is a
frictionless method for transacting with others.
• The basic idea is that one cuts out the middleman. There is no central
database as everything is distributed, public, synchronised and encrypted.
• All transactions are logged with a time, date and other details – then
verified by smart maths. Consensus decides, every transaction is public.
19. Blockchain as STI indicator tool
• Blockchain technology appears particularly interesting when confronted with
complex products whereby the value chains is based on intellectual property (IP).
• STI seems an interesting application area alongside other applications for
distributed ledger technologies as in the case of the music and film making
industry, where distributional issues are global and trust (amongst artists,
composers, movie makers, producers) is based on reputation.
• The Harvard Business Review conducted a two-year research project exploring
how blockchain technology could securely move and store host "money, titles,
deeds, music, art, scientific discoveries, intellectual property, and even votes“
(See Tapscott, Don (2016), "The Impact of the Blockchain Goes Beyond Financial
Services“, Harvard Business Review, May 2016).
• Two areas would need to be prioritized to implement Blockchain as STI indicators
tool: science and the move towards “open science” and innovation and the
search for the location of value creation and recuperation of innovation rents.
20. Blockchain in science and open access
A quote from Zach Ramsay
• “The thing that had me most excited about Bitcoin back in 2013 was its potential to re-align the incentives in
academia and re-define how science and research is conducted.
• Taught in every Research Methods 101 course, the file-drawer problem – more generally referred to as
publication bias – does perhaps the most disservice to the scientific community at large. .. Publishing a “non-
result” in a “third-tier” journal won’t advance a researcher’s career the way a “significant” result in, say,
Nature will… everything that doesn’t work is locked up in that researchers’ file drawer… As far as I could tell
from 5 years in academia, the scale of duplicate work across labs around the world is both unknowable and
likely enormous. It isn’t time consuming for these data to be published, but I suspect many academics don’t
feel it is worth their time, or that the contribution isn’t meaningful enough if it isn’t in a prestigious journal,
or that it won’t be archived and indexed properly.
• The concepts of pre-registering experiments and widening the scope of acceptable citations begin to address
this issue… the challenge – assuming we want this knowledge free, distributed, and easily accessible
(forever) to anyone with an Internet connection – is archiving and indexing all the content such that our
assumption is satisfied.
• Another failing of academic research is its inability to effectively incorporate user-generated content. As a
student of animal behavior, I watch in awe at the scientifically interesting (and relevant) discussion about
tricking your cat into a circle and wonder how to parse this content into useful data that might lead to a
scientifically sound conclusion. As far as I can tell, the public has a thirst to understand – and participate in –
scientific inquiry; a thirst left wholly unquenched by mainstream academia. How can we aggregate useful
user-generated content to improve the throughput of scientific research?
21. Ctd:
https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/how-blockchains-can-further-public-science-
1457972964
• When first dreaming up chain-based apps, one idea stuck with me… the study of geographical distribution of
life on earth i.e., analyzing “where life is” – is both a logistical nightmare and labor intensive. Roughly: 1) get
a research grant, 2) hire some graduate students, 3) gather data and 4) analyze & publish the data.
• The submission of content that meet specific parameters can be incentivized. That is, the content can be
checked for its purported authenticity before being added to a shared database for subsequent analysis. For
example, the Marmot Recovery Foundation’s Observer Program could have a mobile app that allows users to
submit geo-tagged images of marmots to be used for analysis in exchange for tokens – tokens redeemable
for marmot merchandise. .. an image is uploaded, processed, and sent to the Google Cloud Vision API to get
descriptions of the image; these descriptions are checked against a user-defined list of words, and if there is
a match, the image is added to the toadserver. Although the implementation is quite simple, a few hundred
lines more of code and you’d have, say, a smart contract that sends the submitter of matched content some
amount of tokens as a function of the match score and/or the users’ reputation.
• This is part a growing set of tools for the scientific community. That won’t cut it so long as the data is siloed
within research labs/groups, journals are pay-per-view for the public and the average citizen hasn’t the
means or method to contribute meaningfully to global shared knowledge. After all, shouldn’t citizen science
really be called science proper? With blockchains I think it can be…
• The fight for open access to knowledge has been an ongoing battle... Science is ultimately a public endeavor,
and making that dream a reality now appears possible with blockchains.”
22. Blockchain in Innovation
• More complex but ultimately more interesting is the use of Blockchain in measuring and
allocating the contribution to innovation.
• In so far as an innovation builds on numerous inputs from frontier science (“standing on the
shoulder of giants”) to development and design, will be produced within, and be subject to,
global value chains of different sorts, involving not only firms, but also research labs, universities,
governments, a technology such as Blockchain with its decentralized, neutral ledger inventory
system might well provide an essential input into identifying the various contributions to
particular innovations.
• One of the central issues policy makers face today is understanding how and where new products
(goods or services) resulting from global value chains, create value and where such value should
be taxed.
• As Maryann Feldmann (and Marianna Mazzucato) have argued science indicators need to adjust
to the new reality where corporation invest less in R&D, relying more on acquisitions and mergers
and public research to gain access to knowledge.
• Blockchain might well provide the tool to reallocate innovation rents to the frontier science on
which such innovative breakthroughs were built, providing ultimately a new funding source for
publicly funded science.
23. Conclusions
• This is a meeting about indicators, specifically about new indicators or new use of existing
indicators for science, technology and innovation. Indicators, to be indicators, should be used in
the policy process. One of the issues we face today is understanding products (goods or services)
resulting from global value chains. STI indicators contribute in very different ways to global value.
• Countries seem all to become focused on extracting STI value within their own borders. Few
countries have increased their focus on frontier research substantially over the last 10 years, even
though we all know that such research is essential for addressing global challenges.
• The STI community should investigate the possibilities of Blockchain as radical new measurement
instrument. The financial industry has shown a preference to build applications on top of private,
distributed ledgers as opposed to a public Blockchain. This reduces regulatory concern, and allows
closer monitoring of data, information and access privileges among the participants. For STI , and
certainly for science, use of public Blockchains seems much more appropriate.
• In an ideal world, Blockchain in STI would do justice to the systemic nature of innovation and
incorporate more fully citizen science and user innovation into STI. At the same time Blockchain
would also allow as FINTECH instrument better use of knowledge “intangibles“ as collateral and
as “GOVTECH” instrument, provide a neutral instrument to redistribute privatized monopoly rents
back to the systemic network of public collaborative science and innovation, making public
funding of research less dependent on countries’ short term budgetary priorities.