An international tour de force of Plato’s timeless classic The Apology of Socrates.
Take a seat in the court of ancient Athens as Socrates goes on trial for his life. Hear the philosopher face his accusers with his trademark wit, cutting logic, and the courage of his ideals. Consider his arguments on virtue, justice, politics, civic duty, love of life and hope in death, and draw your own judgement. Enjoy the post-performance opportunity to discuss with the actor the ramifications of your verdict.
Think. Question. Change.
This document is a resume for Runako Jahi, a theatre director, playwright, drama instructor and actor based in Chicago, Illinois. It summarizes his extensive experience in theatre since 1972, including directing over 30 plays, writing over 25 plays, teaching acting workshops, and coaching notable performers like Jennifer Hudson. It also lists his education, awards, nominations, and references.
The Roman army was organized into legions of 5,000 men commanded by a legate. Each legion was divided into 10 cohorts made up of centuries of around 100 men each, commanded by centurions. Centurions were important leaders responsible for training soldiers. Each century had its own standard carried by an experienced standard bearer. Roman citizens between 18-20 years old who were at least 1.6 meters tall could join the legion for 25 years of service. Training included long marches while carrying heavy equipment and drilling maneuvers. Auxiliaries from conquered lands also fought for Rome, including cavalry and archers who were considered second-class soldiers.
The document outlines the ranks and roles of soldiers in the Roman Army, ranging from the highest Imperial Legion general to lower ranks like legionary and auxiliary infantry. Key positions included the Legate who commanded the Legion, six Tribunes who assisted the Legate, and Centurions who led centuries of 80 men and reported to the Tribunes. Specialized roles also existed for archers, cavalry, and support functions.
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Roman Republic and the establishment of the Roman Empire. It traces Roman history from its founding myths to the establishment of the Republic and its struggles with the patrician and plebeian classes. It then discusses Rome's expansion through war with Carthage and conquest of the Mediterranean world. Internal problems and conflict between political factions led to the breakdown of the Republic and the rise of Julius Caesar as a dictator, followed by the establishment of the Roman Empire under Augustus Caesar. The Empire reached its height under the "Five Good Emperors" before various crises contributed to its eventual decline.
Roman technology is the engineering practice which supported Roman civilization and made the expansion of Roman commerce and Roman military possible over nearly a thousand years, if the Byzantine Empire is included.
The Roman Empire had one of the most advanced set of technologies of its time, some of which was lost during the turbulent eras of Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. Gradually, some of the technological feats of the Romans were rediscovered and/or improved upon, while others went ahead of what the Romans had done during the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Era. Several Roman technological feats in different areas like civil engineering, construction materials, transport technology, and some inventions such as the mechanical reaper, were surprising achievements until the 19th century, and some, such as the arch, have remained untouched to this day.[citation needed] The Romans achieved high levels of technology in large part because they borrowed heavily from and absorbed the culture of the established Hellenised people of the Mediterranean basin.[citation needed]
Roman Beginnings
- Prince Aeneas led Trojans to Italy where they joined the Latins and settled on the Palatine Hill near Rome. The myth of Romulus and Remus tells that they were fathered by the god Mars and went on to found Rome.
- The Etruscans were Italy's first highly civilized people located north of Rome. They built walled cities, had a class system, and influenced Roman religion, architecture like the arch, and military techniques.
- Gladiatorial games developed from Etruscan funeral rituals involving slaves fighting to the death and became a major form of entertainment in Rome, especially in the Colosseum. They served the political purpose
This document is a resume for Runako Jahi, a theatre director, playwright, drama instructor and actor based in Chicago, Illinois. It summarizes his extensive experience in theatre since 1972, including directing over 30 plays, writing over 25 plays, teaching acting workshops, and coaching notable performers like Jennifer Hudson. It also lists his education, awards, nominations, and references.
The Roman army was organized into legions of 5,000 men commanded by a legate. Each legion was divided into 10 cohorts made up of centuries of around 100 men each, commanded by centurions. Centurions were important leaders responsible for training soldiers. Each century had its own standard carried by an experienced standard bearer. Roman citizens between 18-20 years old who were at least 1.6 meters tall could join the legion for 25 years of service. Training included long marches while carrying heavy equipment and drilling maneuvers. Auxiliaries from conquered lands also fought for Rome, including cavalry and archers who were considered second-class soldiers.
The document outlines the ranks and roles of soldiers in the Roman Army, ranging from the highest Imperial Legion general to lower ranks like legionary and auxiliary infantry. Key positions included the Legate who commanded the Legion, six Tribunes who assisted the Legate, and Centurions who led centuries of 80 men and reported to the Tribunes. Specialized roles also existed for archers, cavalry, and support functions.
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Roman Republic and the establishment of the Roman Empire. It traces Roman history from its founding myths to the establishment of the Republic and its struggles with the patrician and plebeian classes. It then discusses Rome's expansion through war with Carthage and conquest of the Mediterranean world. Internal problems and conflict between political factions led to the breakdown of the Republic and the rise of Julius Caesar as a dictator, followed by the establishment of the Roman Empire under Augustus Caesar. The Empire reached its height under the "Five Good Emperors" before various crises contributed to its eventual decline.
Roman technology is the engineering practice which supported Roman civilization and made the expansion of Roman commerce and Roman military possible over nearly a thousand years, if the Byzantine Empire is included.
The Roman Empire had one of the most advanced set of technologies of its time, some of which was lost during the turbulent eras of Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. Gradually, some of the technological feats of the Romans were rediscovered and/or improved upon, while others went ahead of what the Romans had done during the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Era. Several Roman technological feats in different areas like civil engineering, construction materials, transport technology, and some inventions such as the mechanical reaper, were surprising achievements until the 19th century, and some, such as the arch, have remained untouched to this day.[citation needed] The Romans achieved high levels of technology in large part because they borrowed heavily from and absorbed the culture of the established Hellenised people of the Mediterranean basin.[citation needed]
Roman Beginnings
- Prince Aeneas led Trojans to Italy where they joined the Latins and settled on the Palatine Hill near Rome. The myth of Romulus and Remus tells that they were fathered by the god Mars and went on to found Rome.
- The Etruscans were Italy's first highly civilized people located north of Rome. They built walled cities, had a class system, and influenced Roman religion, architecture like the arch, and military techniques.
- Gladiatorial games developed from Etruscan funeral rituals involving slaves fighting to the death and became a major form of entertainment in Rome, especially in the Colosseum. They served the political purpose
The document summarizes religion and its role in the Roman army from the early empire through late antiquity in 3 parts:
1. Religion was initially important for military victory and imperial legitimacy. Soldiers worshipped gods of war and victory. Some Christians served but were seen as a threat.
2. Later, Christianity rose in prominence. The Christian God was believed to grant victory to Roman armies. Religious practices in the army shifted to support Christianity.
3. By late antiquity, military defeats were sometimes interpreted as divine punishment for religious errors or sins. God was seen to use foreign armies to discipline Romans. The army remained a highly religious institution even as Christianity became dominant.
The document summarizes the three Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage between 264-146 BC. The First Punic War was primarily a naval conflict that Rome eventually won by adapting its naval tactics. The Second Punic War featured Hannibal's surprise invasion of Italy over the Alps. Although Hannibal won several battles, he could not defeat Rome. Rome ultimately defeated Carthage in North Africa under Scipio. The Third Punic War ended with Rome destroying Carthage completely.
2.1 rise and expansion of rome protectedDebbie Girkin
Rome began as a small village but grew into a powerful republic. It eventually became a large empire under Augustus, controlling most of the Mediterranean. During this period, Christianity emerged and spread within the Roman world, becoming one of the most influential global religions today with over two billion followers.
The Roman Army was made up of professional soldiers from across the Roman Empire who served for at least 25 years. Soldiers of higher ranks like centurions led groups of 80 ordinary soldiers. Centurions could punish disobedient soldiers with sticks. Roman soldiers underwent rigorous training and were expected to march long distances in armor while carrying their equipment. They fought in tight battle formations using coordinated shield tactics.
Fall Of The Republic, Rise Of An Empiremr.sullivan
Roman entertainment such as theaters, circuses, and gladiator fights in the Colosseum helped keep citizens happy and distracted from the empire's problems. The large size of the empire made it difficult for the Senate to govern effectively, leading to corruption and economic issues. This contributed to the fall of the Roman Republic. Julius Caesar took power as a dictator but was later assassinated, plunging Rome into further chaos. Augustus restored order as the first emperor, beginning the Pax Romana period of prosperity and stability that lasted over 200 years.
How was ancient rome successful in war ppFloris Faas
Ancient Rome was successful in war due to their effective weapons, tactics, and armor. Their main weapons were the gladius sword, pilum spear, and plumbata darts. They had specialized troops and varied their tactics for different battles. Soldiers wore full armor including helmets and metal armor to protect themselves. Rome reused captured weapons and gained wealth and resources from defeated enemies, allowing them to expand their empire through successive military victories over a period of centuries.
The document summarizes the history of the Roman Republic from its founding as a republic in 509 BC following the overthrow of the monarchy, through the Punic Wars with Carthage and the rise and fall of Hannibal in the Second Punic War, to the eventual decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD. It discusses the class system in Rome, the structure of the republican government, and key events like the Twelve Tables codifying Roman law and the three Punic Wars that established Rome as the dominant power in the Mediterranean.
And this is how the story of Rome begins the story of the city of the twins, born of diversity sons of Mars and mothered by a vestal virgin. A shepherd found the twins in the bushes near the Tiber river. Suckled by a wolf one of the twins would be killed by his brother who would build the most magnificent nation ever known. Romulas and Remus as the children were called, both wanted to build a new city. Romulus would create a truly unique civilization that confounds people even today. The city would become an empire to never be forgotten. Today, we still look back, and we see the legendary nation of Rome.
It has impacted our very lives, and changed the way early society would operate. Today students still all over the world still study Rome. American Students study Julius Caesar, English scholars hypothesis the possibility of the legendary King Arthur, perhaps being a Roman; Italian students study the twelve tablets of Roman law. The Romans, while not unique unto the land they lived, are unique in the way they put together knowledge, and instituted into their system. Roman government, Roman laws and pieces of Roman society can still be seen in today’s society...
The Twelve Tables outlined early Roman law across various topics including procedures for courts and trials in Table I, inheritance laws in Table V, land rights in Table VII, laws around injury in Table VIII, public and sacred law in Tables IX-X, with a supplemental section in Table XI addressing distinctions between treatment of the rich and poor. The 12 Tables established core legal foundations for early Roman society across subjects like debt, family rights, guardianship, property ownership, and criminal matters.
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Roman Republic from 800 BCE to 44 BCE. It describes the geography of early Rome, the Etruscan influence, and Roman conquest of Italy. It then discusses the class struggles between patricians and plebeians, the development of Roman political institutions and social structures like the client-patron system. It outlines Roman expansion through wars with Carthage and Macedon and the consequences of expansion. Finally, it details the splintering of the aristocracy, the rise of figures like Marius and Caesar, and the assassination of Caesar that marked the end of the Republic.
The Roman Army was organized into legions of 5,000-6,000 men commanded by a legate. Each legion was divided into ten cohorts made up of six centuries of around 100 men each, commanded by a centurion. Centurions were important leaders responsible for training and discipline. Standard bearers carried symbols of each century into battle. To become a legionary, one had to be a male Roman citizen between 18-20 years old and at least 5'3" tall, expected to serve for 25 years with regular marches while carrying heavy equipment for training. Auxiliary soldiers from conquered lands also served alongside legions.
- Rome was founded in 753 BC along the Tiber River in central Italy. According to myth, its founding is traced back to Aeneas, a Trojan prince who fled Troy and arrived in Italy, where he was instructed to settle.
- Romulus and Remus, twin sons of the god Mars, were abandoned as infants but survived and grew up to restore their grandfather to the throne. They then founded Rome, but quarreled over its governance and Remus was killed. Romulus became Rome's first king.
- Rome transitioned to a republic in 509 BC, ruled by elected officials and a senate. Figures like Cincinnatus played important roles in defending Rome during conflicts in this
The Roman Army was a highly organized fighting force. It was composed of legions of approximately 5,000 soldiers each. Each legion was further divided into subgroups of 80 soldiers called centuries. There were specific ranks within the army, and soldiers served for 25 years to earn citizenship. Roman soldiers were equipped with weapons like swords, spears and javelins for combat. They also underwent rigorous daily training and could march long distances carrying heavy gear. The army used effective tactical formations to defeat their enemies in battle.
The document provides background information on the founding and early history of Rome. It describes how, according to legend, Romulus and Remus founded Rome after being raised by a she-wolf. In reality, Rome was built between 1000-500 BC by the Latin people along the Tiber River in a strategic location. The city grew powerful under Etruscan kings but the Romans revolted in 509 BC and established a republic. The republic was ruled by consuls, senators, and citizen assemblies and expanded Rome's territory through military conquests.
The document provides an overview of ancient Rome, including its beginnings, government and society. It discusses the Roman Republic and the struggle between patricians and plebeians. It also covers the Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage, the transition from republic to empire under Augustus, and aspects of daily life in the Roman Empire such as education, family life and food.
The Roman Republic had three branches of government: the Senate as the advisory branch, legislative branch composed of three assemblies (Curiate, Centuriate, and Tribal), and executive branch made up of annually elected magistrates like consuls and praetors. The most important legislative assembly was the Centuriate Assembly, which was based on wealth and age and elected censors and magistrates. The executive branch offices were collegial with annual tenure and imperium.
The Roman military had sophisticated weapons, armor, and tactics that made it highly effective. Soldiers used swords and javelins in combat and wore armor that evolved over time to become segmented iron plates covering the chest and shoulders. The military was also very organized, with legions of around 5,500 men divided into cohorts, centuries, and commanded by centurions. Siege weapons like battering rams and scorpions were used to attack fortified cities. Overall, the Roman armor, weapons, and tactics made their military extremely powerful during the Roman Empire's peak.
The document summarizes the expansion of the Roman Republic through military conquests. It discusses how the Republic needed land to reward soldiers and believed land was the primary form of wealth. It then outlines some of the Republic's key resources, conflicts with neighboring powers like Carthage, and how expansion led to control of trade routes and the establishment of colonies. The Republic accumulated great wealth through these conquests which funded infrastructure projects and kept the population entertained and fed.
The geographic location of the Italian peninsula in the central Mediterranean provided easy access to trade routes between Europe, Asia and Africa, which contributed to Rome's rise. The rugged mountains also provided protection for the northern Italian settlements. The Etruscans were the first inhabitants of northern Italy from around 750 BCE and conquered Rome around 600 BCE. They introduced artistic styles, religious practices, the alphabet and other cultural influences. The Etruscans ruled Rome under a monarchy for over 200 years until the last Etruscan king, Tarquin the Proud, was expelled in 509 BCE due to a popular rebellion, paving the way for Rome to establish itself as a republic.
The Readers of Homer is a non-profit organization that produces marathon readings of Homer's epics around the world. Their events involve 200-400 participants reading passages from the Iliad or Odyssey for 12 hours while images are projected. Their objectives are to promote reading poetry aloud and recognize translators of Homer's works. They have held successful events around the world that bring together citizens from all backgrounds in a multicultural celebration of Homer's works.
This document discusses several performance artists and companies that have influenced the author's work. It provides biographical information on Anne Bogart and her company SITI, focusing on her development of the Nine Viewpoints technique and emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration. It also summarizes key aspects of the work of Theatre Ad Infinitum, Earthfall, Joseph Mercier, and Jasmin Vardimon Company, highlighting their use of physical theater, storytelling, and exploration of themes like gender and identity.
The document summarizes religion and its role in the Roman army from the early empire through late antiquity in 3 parts:
1. Religion was initially important for military victory and imperial legitimacy. Soldiers worshipped gods of war and victory. Some Christians served but were seen as a threat.
2. Later, Christianity rose in prominence. The Christian God was believed to grant victory to Roman armies. Religious practices in the army shifted to support Christianity.
3. By late antiquity, military defeats were sometimes interpreted as divine punishment for religious errors or sins. God was seen to use foreign armies to discipline Romans. The army remained a highly religious institution even as Christianity became dominant.
The document summarizes the three Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage between 264-146 BC. The First Punic War was primarily a naval conflict that Rome eventually won by adapting its naval tactics. The Second Punic War featured Hannibal's surprise invasion of Italy over the Alps. Although Hannibal won several battles, he could not defeat Rome. Rome ultimately defeated Carthage in North Africa under Scipio. The Third Punic War ended with Rome destroying Carthage completely.
2.1 rise and expansion of rome protectedDebbie Girkin
Rome began as a small village but grew into a powerful republic. It eventually became a large empire under Augustus, controlling most of the Mediterranean. During this period, Christianity emerged and spread within the Roman world, becoming one of the most influential global religions today with over two billion followers.
The Roman Army was made up of professional soldiers from across the Roman Empire who served for at least 25 years. Soldiers of higher ranks like centurions led groups of 80 ordinary soldiers. Centurions could punish disobedient soldiers with sticks. Roman soldiers underwent rigorous training and were expected to march long distances in armor while carrying their equipment. They fought in tight battle formations using coordinated shield tactics.
Fall Of The Republic, Rise Of An Empiremr.sullivan
Roman entertainment such as theaters, circuses, and gladiator fights in the Colosseum helped keep citizens happy and distracted from the empire's problems. The large size of the empire made it difficult for the Senate to govern effectively, leading to corruption and economic issues. This contributed to the fall of the Roman Republic. Julius Caesar took power as a dictator but was later assassinated, plunging Rome into further chaos. Augustus restored order as the first emperor, beginning the Pax Romana period of prosperity and stability that lasted over 200 years.
How was ancient rome successful in war ppFloris Faas
Ancient Rome was successful in war due to their effective weapons, tactics, and armor. Their main weapons were the gladius sword, pilum spear, and plumbata darts. They had specialized troops and varied their tactics for different battles. Soldiers wore full armor including helmets and metal armor to protect themselves. Rome reused captured weapons and gained wealth and resources from defeated enemies, allowing them to expand their empire through successive military victories over a period of centuries.
The document summarizes the history of the Roman Republic from its founding as a republic in 509 BC following the overthrow of the monarchy, through the Punic Wars with Carthage and the rise and fall of Hannibal in the Second Punic War, to the eventual decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD. It discusses the class system in Rome, the structure of the republican government, and key events like the Twelve Tables codifying Roman law and the three Punic Wars that established Rome as the dominant power in the Mediterranean.
And this is how the story of Rome begins the story of the city of the twins, born of diversity sons of Mars and mothered by a vestal virgin. A shepherd found the twins in the bushes near the Tiber river. Suckled by a wolf one of the twins would be killed by his brother who would build the most magnificent nation ever known. Romulas and Remus as the children were called, both wanted to build a new city. Romulus would create a truly unique civilization that confounds people even today. The city would become an empire to never be forgotten. Today, we still look back, and we see the legendary nation of Rome.
It has impacted our very lives, and changed the way early society would operate. Today students still all over the world still study Rome. American Students study Julius Caesar, English scholars hypothesis the possibility of the legendary King Arthur, perhaps being a Roman; Italian students study the twelve tablets of Roman law. The Romans, while not unique unto the land they lived, are unique in the way they put together knowledge, and instituted into their system. Roman government, Roman laws and pieces of Roman society can still be seen in today’s society...
The Twelve Tables outlined early Roman law across various topics including procedures for courts and trials in Table I, inheritance laws in Table V, land rights in Table VII, laws around injury in Table VIII, public and sacred law in Tables IX-X, with a supplemental section in Table XI addressing distinctions between treatment of the rich and poor. The 12 Tables established core legal foundations for early Roman society across subjects like debt, family rights, guardianship, property ownership, and criminal matters.
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Roman Republic from 800 BCE to 44 BCE. It describes the geography of early Rome, the Etruscan influence, and Roman conquest of Italy. It then discusses the class struggles between patricians and plebeians, the development of Roman political institutions and social structures like the client-patron system. It outlines Roman expansion through wars with Carthage and Macedon and the consequences of expansion. Finally, it details the splintering of the aristocracy, the rise of figures like Marius and Caesar, and the assassination of Caesar that marked the end of the Republic.
The Roman Army was organized into legions of 5,000-6,000 men commanded by a legate. Each legion was divided into ten cohorts made up of six centuries of around 100 men each, commanded by a centurion. Centurions were important leaders responsible for training and discipline. Standard bearers carried symbols of each century into battle. To become a legionary, one had to be a male Roman citizen between 18-20 years old and at least 5'3" tall, expected to serve for 25 years with regular marches while carrying heavy equipment for training. Auxiliary soldiers from conquered lands also served alongside legions.
- Rome was founded in 753 BC along the Tiber River in central Italy. According to myth, its founding is traced back to Aeneas, a Trojan prince who fled Troy and arrived in Italy, where he was instructed to settle.
- Romulus and Remus, twin sons of the god Mars, were abandoned as infants but survived and grew up to restore their grandfather to the throne. They then founded Rome, but quarreled over its governance and Remus was killed. Romulus became Rome's first king.
- Rome transitioned to a republic in 509 BC, ruled by elected officials and a senate. Figures like Cincinnatus played important roles in defending Rome during conflicts in this
The Roman Army was a highly organized fighting force. It was composed of legions of approximately 5,000 soldiers each. Each legion was further divided into subgroups of 80 soldiers called centuries. There were specific ranks within the army, and soldiers served for 25 years to earn citizenship. Roman soldiers were equipped with weapons like swords, spears and javelins for combat. They also underwent rigorous daily training and could march long distances carrying heavy gear. The army used effective tactical formations to defeat their enemies in battle.
The document provides background information on the founding and early history of Rome. It describes how, according to legend, Romulus and Remus founded Rome after being raised by a she-wolf. In reality, Rome was built between 1000-500 BC by the Latin people along the Tiber River in a strategic location. The city grew powerful under Etruscan kings but the Romans revolted in 509 BC and established a republic. The republic was ruled by consuls, senators, and citizen assemblies and expanded Rome's territory through military conquests.
The document provides an overview of ancient Rome, including its beginnings, government and society. It discusses the Roman Republic and the struggle between patricians and plebeians. It also covers the Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage, the transition from republic to empire under Augustus, and aspects of daily life in the Roman Empire such as education, family life and food.
The Roman Republic had three branches of government: the Senate as the advisory branch, legislative branch composed of three assemblies (Curiate, Centuriate, and Tribal), and executive branch made up of annually elected magistrates like consuls and praetors. The most important legislative assembly was the Centuriate Assembly, which was based on wealth and age and elected censors and magistrates. The executive branch offices were collegial with annual tenure and imperium.
The Roman military had sophisticated weapons, armor, and tactics that made it highly effective. Soldiers used swords and javelins in combat and wore armor that evolved over time to become segmented iron plates covering the chest and shoulders. The military was also very organized, with legions of around 5,500 men divided into cohorts, centuries, and commanded by centurions. Siege weapons like battering rams and scorpions were used to attack fortified cities. Overall, the Roman armor, weapons, and tactics made their military extremely powerful during the Roman Empire's peak.
The document summarizes the expansion of the Roman Republic through military conquests. It discusses how the Republic needed land to reward soldiers and believed land was the primary form of wealth. It then outlines some of the Republic's key resources, conflicts with neighboring powers like Carthage, and how expansion led to control of trade routes and the establishment of colonies. The Republic accumulated great wealth through these conquests which funded infrastructure projects and kept the population entertained and fed.
The geographic location of the Italian peninsula in the central Mediterranean provided easy access to trade routes between Europe, Asia and Africa, which contributed to Rome's rise. The rugged mountains also provided protection for the northern Italian settlements. The Etruscans were the first inhabitants of northern Italy from around 750 BCE and conquered Rome around 600 BCE. They introduced artistic styles, religious practices, the alphabet and other cultural influences. The Etruscans ruled Rome under a monarchy for over 200 years until the last Etruscan king, Tarquin the Proud, was expelled in 509 BCE due to a popular rebellion, paving the way for Rome to establish itself as a republic.
The Readers of Homer is a non-profit organization that produces marathon readings of Homer's epics around the world. Their events involve 200-400 participants reading passages from the Iliad or Odyssey for 12 hours while images are projected. Their objectives are to promote reading poetry aloud and recognize translators of Homer's works. They have held successful events around the world that bring together citizens from all backgrounds in a multicultural celebration of Homer's works.
This document discusses several performance artists and companies that have influenced the author's work. It provides biographical information on Anne Bogart and her company SITI, focusing on her development of the Nine Viewpoints technique and emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration. It also summarizes key aspects of the work of Theatre Ad Infinitum, Earthfall, Joseph Mercier, and Jasmin Vardimon Company, highlighting their use of physical theater, storytelling, and exploration of themes like gender and identity.
Modernism emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in response to industrialization, urbanization, and globalization. It challenged traditional artistic forms and sought new ways to express modern experiences. Modern drama developed as one manifestation of modernism in theatre. It shifted from plays focusing on external conflicts to exploring inner psychological aspects of characters. Modern drama experimented with forms like symbolism, expressionism, and the theatre of the absurd. Prominent modern dramatists include Henrik Ibsen, George Bernard Shaw, Anton Chekhov, Eugene O'Neill, Samuel Beckett, Arthur Miller, and Tennessee Williams.
1) The origins of Greek theater can be traced back to religious rituals in ancient Greece honoring Dionysus, with performances held in large outdoor theaters. 2) Key conventions established in ancient Greek theater include the use of masks, costumes, choruses, and a three-actor limit that influence modern theater. 3) Aristotle's Poetics defined tragedy as adhering to the unities of time, place, and action, exemplified by Sophocles' Oedipus Rex.
World Theatre Day celebrates one of humanity's oldest art forms. Theatre dates back to the beginnings of language and reflects cultural diversity, as seen in traditions like Japan's Kumiodori, Spain's Mystery Play of Elche, and Cambodia's Mak Yong Theatre, which are recognized as intangible cultural heritage. Theatre is more than entertainment - through its direct engagement with audiences, it is a unique way to express, reflect on, and share truths, dramas, and universal human questions that shape societies and allow communities to represent themselves, including in post-conflict reconciliation. The International Theatre Institute, founded by UNESCO in 1948, works to support creative policies and theatre groups worldwide in promoting culture, entertainment, peace,
Immigrants’ Theatre Project will present Staged Readings in English of 6 new plays written by women playwrights who are the leading voices writing for the stage today in Central and Eastern Europe. ITP’s artistic director Marcy Arlin and director Gwynn MacDonald will curate these plays from Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Slovak Republic.
This document discusses community theatre, its context and ideology. It defines community and explores different approaches to community theatre, including the travelling theatre approach, outside team workers approach, and participatory approach. The participatory approach is considered the most meaningful as it fully involves the community. The document also examines the Kamiriithu Community Education and Cultural Centre project in Kenya in the 1970s as an example of the participatory approach. The project was initially very successful in attracting audiences and raising awareness, though it was eventually banned by the Kenyan government.
Snug Harbor Arts and Horticulture CurriculumW J O'Reilly
This document provides a curricular guide for Snug Harbor Cultural Center and Botanical Garden. It outlines the educational programs and resources available in various arts including theatre, visual arts, architecture, horticulture, and language/literacy. The guide describes courses focused on performance, art history, design, botany, gardening, and creative writing. Venues like art galleries, gardens, and historic buildings provide spaces for both appreciating and creating art. The goal is to set high standards for student learning in the arts and cultural subjects.
Theater is a collaborative art form that uses live performers to present real or imagined events. It originated in ancient Greece around 532 BC. There are several types of theater structures including arena, flexible, and proscenium theaters. Naturalism and expressionism were early modern movements that sought to realistically or expressionistically portray life influences. Theater provides benefits such as bringing people together, modeling democratic discourse, contributing to education, supporting the economy, and encouraging self-reflection.
The document discusses the history and evolution of Western classical theater from ancient to modern times. It begins with ancient Greek theater around 700 BCE, including the three main dramatic forms - tragedy, comedy, and satyr plays. Theater continued to develop through the Roman, Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, Neoclassical, and Romantic periods. Each period saw influences from those before it and innovations in theatrical conventions, architecture, and performance styles. The document provides an overview of key developments in Western theater across different historical periods.
Week 1 bis 3043 critical appreciation of dramaLajiman Janoory
This document provides an overview of drama as a literary form, including the theories around the origins of drama, definitions of key drama terms like drama, theatre and play, and descriptions of different drama genres like tragedy, comedy, melodrama and more. It also discusses different theatre performance spaces and how they impact the staging of plays.
This document discusses debates around the nature of the actor's presence in theatre since the late 1950s. Key terms like authenticity, aura, and authority are explored in relation to the spectator's encounter with the performer and relationships between live performance, mediation, and documentation. Experimental theatre's use of video and new media has further highlighted these issues.
Here are some potential life lessons that can be gained from theaters and operas:
- Appreciation for storytelling and how it can convey meaningful messages or themes about human nature, relationships, society, etc. Stories have the power to teach profound truths about life.
- Understanding different perspectives and walking in another person's shoes through empathy with characters. This can build compassion.
- Learning that appearances can be deceiving, as characters are often more complex than they seem on the surface. There are usually underlying motivations or circumstances not immediately apparent.
- How to develop complex, multilayered characters and see people as more than just stereotypes. Real people have depth.
- Consequences of actions - many
American Research Journal of Humanities & Social Science (ARJHSS) is a double blind peer reviewed, open access journal published by (ARJHSS).
The main objective of ARJHSS is to provide an intellectual platform for the international scholars. ARJHSS aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in Humanities & Social Science and become the leading journal in Humanities & Social Science in the world.
One Table Two Chairs is a standardized set design in traditional Chinese theatre where different arrangements symbolize different scenes, such as an office or living room. Danny Yung has used One Table Two Chairs since 1997 as a platform to initiate creative cross-cultural collaborations, commissioning over 100 contemporary stage works. Zuni Icosahedron is an experimental Hong Kong theatre company that has produced over 180 productions exploring theatre traditions and technologies through performances, arts education, and international cultural exchange.
This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of Western classical plays and opera from ancient times to the medieval period. It discusses the origins of theater in ancient Greek and Roman cultures, including important playwrights and theatrical forms such as tragedy, comedy, and satyr plays performed in Greek open-air theaters. Roman theater was influenced by Greek traditions. During the medieval era, minstrels performed in public spaces while churches began staging biblical plays that were later moved outside due to depictions of evil. The document traces the development of Western theatrical traditions over time.
The document discusses an initiative that broadcasts live performances from the National Theatre in London to cinemas around the world, including in Amsterdam and The Hague. It allows international audiences to experience productions without travel. Upcoming broadcasts include Hamlet, FELA!, and Frankenstein. The broadcasts aim to provide cinema audiences with a similar experience to being in the London theatre.
The document discusses the three basic elements of theatre - the text, performance, and audience. It explores how these elements interact and influence each other. The text can take many forms from plays to improvisation. The performance brings the text to life through elements like acting, design, and staging. The audience completes the experience and provides feedback through their engagement. Theatrical works exist on a spectrum from popular entertainment to challenging avant-garde works, and economics plays a role in who can access and appreciate live performances.
IUGTE Conference Program 2014 - Carrara, ItalyIUGTE
"Theatre Between Tradition & Contemporaneity" is IUGTE annual international multidisciplinary conference researching the Bridge between Tradition and Contemporaneity in performing arts.
The event is unifying arts practitioners from various genres and techniques:
theatre, dance, music, visual & multimedia art, arts administration, performing arts training, theatre design & technology, people passionate about arts and creation.
The conference meeting in Carrara is the opportunity to meet artist from all over the world! Participants are coming from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Estonia, Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Holland, Hungary, India, Iceland, Lithuania, Italy, Mexico, Philippines, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, South Korea, USA, and other countries.
The programme includes interactive workshops, lectures, discussions, research presentations, performances and exhibitions.
IUGTE conference offers the unique opportunity:
• to exchange experience and share ideas in contemporary performing arts education and training, rehearsal process and performance practice;
• to become familiar with diverse methods & techniques in contemporary performing arts;
• to establish new contacts and lay the foundation for future collaboration in multicultural and multilingual artistic environment.
Q4-PPT-Arts9_Lesson 1 (History of Theatrical Forms and Evolution) (1).pptxKristineJoyTabastaba
The document provides an overview of the history and evolution of theatrical forms from ancient Greece to the Romantic period. It describes the key theatrical forms that emerged in different periods, including Greek tragedy, comedy, and satyr plays; Roman spectacles featuring combat and executions; medieval street performances; Renaissance morality plays and Shakespearean works; Baroque opera and melodrama; and elaborate Neoclassical and Romantic productions. The theater evolved from early religious rituals to incorporate new technologies, genres, and styles through the eras.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Bed Making ( Introduction, Purpose, Types, Articles, Scientific principles, N...
SOCRATES NOW 2014 - 2015
1.
2. Take a seat in the court of ancient Athens
as Socrates goes on trial for his life.
Hear the philosopher face his accusers
with his trademark wit, cutting logic,
and the courage of his convictions.
Consider his arguments on virtue, justice,
politics, civic duty, love of life and hope in
death, and draw your own judgement.
Enjoy the post-performance opportunity
to discuss with the actor the ramifications
of your verdict.
3. The Apology of Socrates is a delightful and quite humorous dramatization of the famous
philosopher’s defence and his rebuttals to a guilty verdict and sentence to death. In the Apology,
reported to us by Socrates’ disciple, Plato, the wise man of Athens firmly and eloquently defends
himself – rather than apologizing in the contemporary sense – against politically motivated
accusations of not believing in the gods of the state, and of corrupting the Athenian youth.
Yannis Simonides channels the eccentric yet magnetic personality of Socrates and offers a
profoundly social, political, but above all human work which captivates the audience with the
humour, immediacy and simplicity of its theatrical rendition.
THE PERFORMANCE
5. The Apology of Socrates premiered in New York in 2004 and has since been performed to great
acclaim in over 300 theatres, festivals, companies, communities, public spaces, schools,
libraries and universities across…
Canada UK Belgium Luxembourg
France Bulgaria Ukraine
USA Greece Cyprus Turkey
Mexico United Arab Emirates
Uruguay Australia
New Zealand
Actor: Emmy Award winner Yannis Simonides
English Translation & Direction: Yannis Simonides & Loukas Skipitaris
Additional Direction: Stephan Rudnicki
Costume Designer: Oscar and Tony award winner Theoni Vahliotes-Aldredge
Original Music: Caryn Heilman
GLOBAL REACH
6. Luxembourger Wort, Luxembourg
“The Apology of Socrates fascinates Bulgaria:
in a packed theatre, Sofia’s audiences awarded Yannis
Simonides with a real storm of applause for his inspiring
performance”
Sofia Times, Bulgaria
“Restless, humorous,
brilliant and
fascinating”
Odyssey Magazine, USA
“Socrates unbound!One uniquely obsessed and multi-
talented actor has set himself the decidedly idiosyncratic
mission of proving the transcendent dramatic power of the
ancient philosopher”
American Theatre, USA
“Simonides thrilling audiences
in Sharjah and around the world”
Gulf News, Dubai
“A performance full of
humanity, humor,
simplicity, which surprises
with its immediacy and its
verities”
Ethnos, Greece
A fascinating, powerful performance – a unique
opportunity for our students!
Brussels International School News, Belgium
“Yannis Simonides undertook
a titanic challenge and
gave a legendary
solo performance”
Pankoaki, Greece
INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS
Sophisticated, jazzy
mind stimulation!
Lviv University News, Ukraine
7. At a time when a great part of the world is in profound social, political and financial crisis, at a time when the
very foundations of contemporary society are challenged on a global level, Socrates’ thought appears more
pertinent and patently applicable than ever. Beyond the potential of this project as an invaluable tool for
intercultural dialogue, The Apology of Socrates offers a unique opportunity for the audiences of the world to
engage their demons fearlessly and creatively in a life-changing yet highly entertaining theatrical exercise.
RELEVANCE
Performance in Ephesus Library, Turkey
9. 50 open air performances
5000 participants
from 50countries
10. ENGAGING CITIZENS ACROSS GREECE | 2012 | 2013
Amidst a dire economic climate the programme of performances across Greece heavily relies on pro bono work on behalf of
the actor, the Elliniko Theatro team and invaluable in-kind support by partnering schools and theatres
11. ENGAGING STUDENTS IN LONDON | 2013
The 2013 performances in London Schools were generously sponsored by the Pia Zombanakis Fund
12. Corporate companies, world-class universities including Yale, Columbia, Cornell,
Michigan, Cambridge, and Oxford and international schools have combined the
performance with 30 to 90-minute interactive seminars led by experienced actor/mentor
Yannis Simonides himself:
We by no means offer a 'lecture' ; it is all about putting the Socratic method (what
he called ‘midwifery’ ) into practice: asking questions, debating, arguing. The
session usually begins with an informal Q & A session on the play which
inevitably leads to zealous debates amongst participants of all ages and
backgrounds on issues of ethics, citizenship, truth, justice and the relevance of
Socrates' thought in contemporary society.
Each session is tailored according to each target audiences’ preferences and interests.
INTERACTIVE ETHICS SEMINARS
Yannis Simonides was invited
to speak at TEDxAcademy, Athens 2012
13. The performance is given in English or Modern
Greek but can be presented in any country using
an ingenious on-stage PowerPoint projection of
the famous text in the language of the particular
audience. The Apology of Socrates has been thus
already presented in Spanish, French, Bulgarian
and Russian while translations of the text in
Turkish, German, Polish, Italian, Chinese and
Arabic are currently being developed. Additional
translations may be created upon request.
Uruguay Turkey Ukraine
Belgium
Bulgaria
MULTILINGUAL PRODUCTION New Zealand
14. The production is simple and flexible enough to adapt to all possible
spaces and has been performed with equal success in diverse venues,
from classrooms and public squares to 2000 seats theatres and
archaeological sites. The list below is indicative - exact light and sound
queues are determined during technical rehearsal, on the day before each
performance.
A theatre or facility with adequate theatrical lighting
Two technicians (sound and lights)
A reliable sound system connected to CD player, MiniDisc or laptop, and a
lavaliere (lapel) microphone
One plain wooden table and three wooden chairs of the same style and hue
A platform (min. dimensions 2m x1m x 30cm)
For surtitles (if needed): a large screen (min. 3m width x 2m height) in the
middle or at the back of the stage, ideally starting at 2m (above artist)
upwards. A reliable projector connected to our laptops in tech booth and a
bilingual volunteer to achieve perfect coordination of text and action on
stage.
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
15. In 2014-2015, The Apology of Socrates will continue its world tour across
Europe, the USA, Canada, Asia and Australia.
For bookings and further information: Production partner:
Evdoxia Mpras – Managing Director
info@ellinikotheatro.org
+30 210 3219034
+30 69 5594 8998
www.theatro.com.au
The fee for the performance + interactive seminar 'package' worldwide is
negotiable depending on availability of grants and each hosts’
capabilities. The more performances are scheduled in a
country/region/city the lower the cost for each partner organization.
BOOKINGS
Dimitra Adamopoulou
info@theatro.com.au
16. Yannis Simonides was born in Istanbul and raised in Athens, where he graduate with
honors from Athens College. He received a BA in Drama and Literature from Yale University
and a MFA in Acting from the Yale School of Drama. He has served as professor and chair
of the NYU Tisch School of the Arts Drama Department, as executive producer of Greek
Orthodox Telecommunications (GOTelecom), and as executive director of Hellenic Public
Radio, COSMOS FM, in New York. He is the founder and director of the Greek Theater of New
York, which has been in continuous operation for 34 years. His performance work includes plays by Euripides,
Sophocles, Aristophanes, Shakespeare, Brecht and others, along with solo and ensemble pieces based on the writings
of Aristotle, Cavafy, Theodorakis, Makriyannis and Gogol. He has received the support of the National Endowment for
the Arts, the New York State Council on the Arts, the Greek Ministries of Education, Culture and Foreign Affairs, the
Prefectures of Athens, Piraeus and Cyclades, the Onassis, Kostopoulos, Niarchos, Tsakos and Leventis Foundations,
IBM, Time Warner and the Mobil Foundation. He has narrated the PBS television specials Visions of Greece and Return
to the Homeland, and received an Emmy award for his documentary A Light Still Bright . He co-produced the Mikis
Theodorakis 75th Birthday Celebration at Lincoln Center with the Montreal Symphony Orchestra, and he recently wrote
and directed Smyrne, a docudrama on the post WWI Asia Minor catastrophes. He has performed the Apology of
Socrates, in Greek and English in over 300 venues around the world and has led interactive ethics seminars in the
most renowned schools and universities., as well as corporate companies. As a founding member of The Readers of
Homer (www.thereadersofhomer.org) he has helped stage marathon audience-participation Readings-Celebrations of
the Iliad and Odyssey in archaeological sites of Greece, at the Library of Alexandria, the Dahesh Museum and the
92nd Street Y in New York, and the Getty Villa in LA, in Brussels and London. In 2009 Yannis Simonides was honored by
the city of Athens as Ambassador of Hellenism for his lifelong cultural and educational service worldwide.
THE PROTAGONIST
17. Elliniko Theatro is an international non-profit organisation aimed at promoting Hellenic arts and
culture worldwide. Since 1979 and with New York as its initial base, our organization seeks to bring
classical, medieval and contemporary Hellenic literature and the performing arts beyond national
boundaries and traditional theatre spaces, into schools, universities, festivals, companies,
communities and public spaces around the world. Minimal sets and casts and bi-lingual
productions—often enhanced by inventive projections of surtitles in several languages and post-
performance discussion seminars with audiences—make our work globally accessible and attractive
to a wide range of hosts and sponsors.
At the heart of our work is a profound belief in the diachronic and universal value of select Greek
texts and plays and the conviction that theatre is a unique means of expression, communication and
learning, as well as an invaluable instrument for creative initiatives that aim to enhance social
cohesion and economic development. Today, with a second base in Athens, ‘the most accomplished
theatre of the Greek Diaspora’ (Melina Mercouri,1982) aims to develop into an innovative carrier of
cultural diplomacy, expanding the temporal, spatial and social boundaries of Greek Theatre.
More bios, history & info at www.ellinikotheatro.org
THE ORGANIZATION