This document discusses different perspectives on the functions of the modern family compared to traditional families. It summarizes several theories and studies. Parsons argued that industrialization led to a transition from extended to nuclear families better suited to a post-industrial society. Fletcher believes the state now helps families perform traditional functions. Ross found grandparents increasingly important for financial, emotional, and childcare support. Anderson saw extended families relied on more due to work pressures. Litwak proposed modified extended families remain functionally connected through technology. Various Marxists and feminists viewed the nuclear family as promoting capitalism, patriarchy, and oppression. The New Right felt government undermined family responsibilities. Other studies found families taking on more childcare and women's roles expanding