Leiden Cryogenics B.V. is a company founded in 1992 by Giorgio Frossati that designs and manufactures dilution refrigerators. It has 17 employees including 4 physicists and 12 mechanical engineers trained at the Leiden Instrument Making School. The company is a world leader in dilution refrigerators, having achieved the world's lowest continuous temperature of 1.85 mK. It supplies refrigerators for applications such as neutrino research and gravitational wave detection. Recent developments include new pumping systems, fast cooling probes, and cryogen-free refrigerators capable of cooling very large payloads like the 17 ton CUORE neutrino experiment.
Presentation Slide on mercury thermometerAriful Islam
This slide is made for free. This slide is made based on mercury thermometer. HEre I have added introduction, history , advantages,disadvantages , use and etc
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Presentation by Nynke van den Berg, PhD candidate at the Interventional Molecular Imaging group at Radiology, LUMC, for the Science meets Business café of 9 October 2014. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden. For the report, see http://www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/9-oct-2014/
Presentation by Asad Hyder of Syntecnos for the Science meets Business café of 13 Jun 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
Presentation Slide on mercury thermometerAriful Islam
This slide is made for free. This slide is made based on mercury thermometer. HEre I have added introduction, history , advantages,disadvantages , use and etc
You can share your feelings with me at twitter
Twitter.com/arif98741
Presentation by Nynke van den Berg, PhD candidate at the Interventional Molecular Imaging group at Radiology, LUMC, for the Science meets Business café of 9 October 2014. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden. For the report, see http://www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/9-oct-2014/
Presentation by Asad Hyder of Syntecnos for the Science meets Business café of 13 Jun 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
SmB cafe 13 Mar '14 - Leiden Institute of Chemistry - Maturation facilityChristiaan van Gorkum
Presentation by Prof. Jaap Brouwer of the Leiden Institute of Chemistry for the Science meets Business café of 13 Mar 2014. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden. For the report, see http://www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/13-mar-2014/
SmB cafe 13 Mar '14 - Institute of Biology Leiden - Revolving fundChristiaan van Gorkum
Presentation by Laura Zondervan of the Institute of Biology Leiden for the Science meets Business café of 13 Mar 2014. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden. For the report, see http://www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/13-mar-2014/
Most modern ammonia processes are based on steam-reforming of natural gas or naphtha.
The 3 main technology suppliers are Uhde (Uhde/JM Partnership), Topsoe & KBR.
The process steps are very similar in all cases.
Other suppliers are Linde (LAC) & Ammonia Casale.
ENERGY SAVINGS IN DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR USING TWO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES& WAT...ijiert bestjournal
The study deals with hybrid refrigerator that combi nes thermoelectric (TER) and vapor compression refrigeration (VCR) and also entail exp erimental details of combined VCR & TER system. Objective is to configure hybrid refrig erator by introducing two Peltier modules (TER) in domestic refrigerator and to analyze compr essor cycles of conventional refrigerator with TER to increase energy efficiency of vapor com pression cycle. For this comparison of standalone VCR and Hybrid VCR+TER system is carried out. A Peltier module of size 4cm � 4cm � .4cm is introduced in the refrigerator cabinet & t he effect on energy efficiency in terms of trip time of compressor is recorded. The e ffect of Air cooled & Water cooled condenser with TER in different structures is also investigated. It is observed that by introducing thermoelectric effect,energy consumpti on of VCR is reduced by almost 10.92% annually,which accounts for 80 units per year. Thu s ultimately improving COP of the hybrid system with better control on temperature over the total run time.
Aim of the experiment
“The aim of this experiment is to determine the amount of heat loss from hot water by
parallel flow current in the pipes of the heat exchanger.”
Double Pipe Heat Exchanger. 3
Chemical Engineering Department.
Stage III
Introduction to double pipe heat exchangers
A double pipe heat exchanger, also known as a hairpin heat exchanger, is a type of heat
exchanger used to transfer heat between two fluids. It consists of two concentric pipes,
one inside the other, forming a “U” or “hairpin” shape. One fluid flows through the inner
pipe, while the other flows through the annular space between the inner and outer pipes.
This design allows for efficient heat transfer between the two fluids, making it suitable for
various applications, such as cooling or heating processes in industrial systems.
Types of flows in double pipe heat exchangers
In a double pipe heat exchanger, there are two primary flow arrangements, each with its
variations, however, we are going to be focusing on two simple arrangements only, as
they would suffice to comprehend the basic ideas behind double pipe heat exchangers.
One flow arrangement is called “parallel flow” and the other is called “counter flow”.
The latter will be explained in our next experiment.
Parallel flow or uni-flow: in this type of flow, both the hot and cold fluids flow in the
same direction, entering one end of the inner pipe and exiting the other end. This
arrangement is simple but generally less efficient for heat transfer because the
temperature difference between the two fluids decreases along the length of the
exchanger.
Figure 1: simple parallel flow diagram.
By “Research Gate”
Double Pipe Heat Exchanger. 4
Chemical Engineering Department.
Stage III
However, when there’s a significant temperature difference between the two fluids at the
inlet, parallel flow heat exchangers can be more efficient for heat transfer. Both
arrangements have advantages and disadvantages and are used depending on the
system requirements.
Theoretical calculation for heat transfer in double pipe heat
exchangers
Heat Transfer: Heat transfer is the process of the exchange of thermal energy between
two objects or systems that are at different temperatures, and the heat energy always
flows from the high temperature object or system to the low ones because the entropy of
an isolated system can never decrease.
There are several ways to calculate the amount of heat added or lost by an object or a
system. However, in this experiment a relatively simple equation can be used to
determine the amount of heat lost from the hot water, which is equal to the amount of
heat added to the cold water.
When pressure is held constant throughout the process, the amount of heat transfer will
be equal to the change in enthalpy of the system and therefore can be calculated using
constant pressure enthalpy change equation.
Q=ΔH=mCpΔT
Where:
Q=ΔH is the amount of heat transferred to or from the system (J).
m: mass of the system (Kg)
Cp: cons
High Efficiency Thermal Management TechnologiesPS Lee
Overview of high efficiency thermal management technologies being developed at the Centre for Energy Research & Technology at the National University of Singapore.
Presentation by Marieke Hogervorst of Biomimiq for the Science meets Business café of 11 Dec 2014. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden. For the report, see http://www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/11-decy-2014/
Presentation by Kees Kluft of Good Biomarker Sciences for the Science meets Business café of 13 Feb 2014. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden. For the report, see http://www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/13-feb-2014/
Presentation by Sjaak Vink of MyTomorrows for the Science meets Business café of 13 Feb 2014. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden. For the report, see http://www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/13-feb-2014/
Results brainstorm session 12 Dec 2013 at Science meets Business caféChristiaan van Gorkum
The feedback worked out by Mark McDonnell for the Science meets Business café brainstorm session in the BioPartner 1 building. Topics introduced by mayor Henri Lenferink and brainstorm facilitated by Gert-Jan Cornel, Harmen Jousma, Karen Zimmermann and Hans LeFever.
SmB café brainstorm 12 Dec '13 - Living Lab voor Zorginnovaties - Gert-Jan Co...Christiaan van Gorkum
Presentation by Gert-Jan Cornel of Living Lab voor Zorginnovaties and Mark McDonnell of Inpaqt on 12 Dec 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden.
SmB café brainstorm 12 Dec '13 - Living Lab voor Zorginnovaties - Gert-Jan Co...Christiaan van Gorkum
Presentation by Gert-Jan Cornel of Living Lab voor Zorginnovaties and Mark McDonnell of Inpaqt on 12 Dec 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner 1 foyer in Leiden.
Presentation by Sijme Zeilemaker of ToBBB for the Science meets Business café of 12 sep 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
Presentation by Max Collon of Cosine for the Science meets Business café of 12 sep 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
Presentation by Willem Hogeweg of Intellimagic for the Science meets Business café of 13 Jun 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
Presentation by Alex Huyben of HALIX for the Science meets Business café of 13 Jun 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
Presentation by Heleen Willemsen of Babybloom for the Science meets Business café of 16 May 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
Presentation by Wolf Ondracek of CHDR and Promasys for the Science meets Business café of 16 May 2013. This event was held in the BioPartner Accelerator building in Leiden.
Christiaan van Gorkum gave a presentation - based on earlier work by Science Based Business from Leiden University - on the history and development of the Leiden Bio Science Park and its companies.
Presentation with talk by Suzan Commandeur for the Science meets Business café of 15 Nov 2012. For more info, see www.sciencemeetsbusiness.nl/smb-cafe-15-nov/
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2. Leiden Cryogenics B.V.
Founder - Giorgio Frossati
Plastic heat exchanger.
T=5.5mK Grenoble, 1976
Silver heat exchanger.
T=2mK Grenoble 1978-1982
CRYO1: WORLD RECORD for the
lowest continuous temperature
(T=1.85 mK). Leiden, 1982-1998
Silver Sinter
Heat Exchangers
Plastic
dilution
refrigerators
All welded
dilution
refrigerators
Magnetic field
independent
dielectric
thermometers
Plastic
Pomeranchuk
Cells
Non-metal
pressure
transducer
PhD Grenoble: Ultra Low Temperature Research
World record lowest temperature for 25 years
4. Leiden Cryogenics B.V.
The Company
Founded in 1992 by Giorgio Frossati. Professor at the Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University from 1980-2006.
Workshops:
Kenauweg - Assembling
- Fabrication prototypes
- Cryogenic tests
Ananasweg - Production hall
Number of employees 17
Physicist 4
Electronical engineer 1
Mechanical engineer 12
Most of the engineers were trained at the
Leiden Instrument Making School, founded by
Kamerlingh Onnes
5. Leiden Cryogenics B.V.
The Company
Founded in 1992 by Giorgio Frossati. Professor at the Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University from 1980-2006.
Workshops:
Kenauweg - Assembling
- Fabrication prototypes
- Cryogenic tests
Ananasweg - Production hall
Number of employees 17
Physicist 4
Electronical engineer 1
Mechanical engineer 12
Most of the engineers were trained at the
Leiden Instrument Making School, founded by
Kamerlingh Onnes
13. Leiden Cryogenics B.V.
Fast cool down with the LC Probe
50K
3K
Still (900mK)
50mK
Mc (10mK)
Tmin≤15mK
Advantages:
Possibility of many wires
Easy access to center of
magnet
Fast cooling down to base
temperature (<5 hours)
High cooling power, up to
300W @ 120 mK
14. Leiden Cryogenics B.V.
Cryogen-Free DR – Specials: CUORE
1000 kg
TeO2 crystals
Lead
shielding
LC CF Dilution
Refrigerator
CRYOGENIC UNDERGROUND OBSERVATORY FOR RARE EVENTS
Neutrinoless double-beta decay half-life of Majorana neutrinos
Cooling down 17 tons!!
17. Leiden Cryogenics B.V.
Our compatitors
Short delivery time, small models,
expensive
Short delivery time, small models
UHV specialists Leiden Cryogenics B.V.
Large models, low vibration levels
Large cooling power, lowest temperature
3He is lighter → larger zero point energy
4He will occupy smaller volume → binding energy for 3He atom larger than in 3He
3He is a Fermion and should obey the Pauli principle (no atoms in the same energy state) → increasing energy, so decreasing binding energy of 3He inside 4He
Osmotic pressure of 3He is constant (20 mbar)
Remove 3He gas from the still → will be replaced by 3He from the concentrated phase
Due to a larger enthalpy of 3He in the diluted phase, cooling will occur
Upside-down evaporation