with the advent of technology, new devices are available to be used in various neurological conditions

1. DR PRAKARSH SHARMA
SR NEUROLOGY
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2. • Smart wearable devices refer to
• portable
• intelligent technologies
• that can be worn on the body,
• providing real-time monitoring and feedback.
• innovative ways to monitor, diagnose, and treat various neurological
conditions.
• Today, we will explore the potential applications and benefits of smart
wearable devices in neurology.
INTRODUCTION
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3. BENEFITS OF SMART WEARABLES
• Continuous Monitoring
• Remote Patient Monitoring
• Activity Tracking
• Sleep Monitoring
• Biofeedback and Rehabilitation
• Medication Adherence
• Research and Data Collection
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4. 1. Continuous Monitoring:
• enable continuous non invasive monitoring
• real-time data can be gathered over extended period
• Adds a value to our traditional in-clinic assessments.
• , provide valuable insights
• and help in early detection,
• diagnosis, and
• management of neurological disorders.
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5. 2. Remote Patient Monitoring:
• track patients' neurological health without the need for frequent
hospital visits.
• beneficial for patients living in remote areas.
• improves accessibility to specialized care
• reduces healthcare costs.
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6. 3.Activity Tracking:
• equipped with accelerometers and gyroscopes
• track the patient's movements and physical activity.
• assist in monitoring gait abnormalities, tremors or motor impairments asso
with PD or MS
• in movement disorders like Parkinson's disease, wearable sensors track –
-motor symptoms,
-medication response,
-fluctuations in motor function.
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7. • This information aids in
• disease progression
• evaluate the effectiveness of treatment
• medication titration
• therapy adjustments
• and the development of personalized treatment plans.
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8. 4. Sleep Monitoring:
• monitor sleep duration, quality, and disturbances,
• providing valuable information for diagnosing and managing
conditions like sleep disorders, epilepsy, or neurodegenerative
diseases , Osas
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9. 5. Biofeedback and Rehabilitation:
• Smart wearables can provide biofeedback in real-time, helping patients to
improve their rehabilitation outcomes.
• For example, wearable devices can track muscle activity and provide
visual or haptic cues to-
- aid in retraining movements,
- improving motor skills,
- or facilitating recovery after strokes or traumatic brain injuries.
• This real-time feedback enhances the effectiveness of therapy and
promotes patient engagement.
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11. 6. Medication Adherence
• Improved medication adherence is crucial where timely and
consistent medication intake is vital,
• can serve as reminders for taking medication at the prescribed
times.
• can send alerts or notifications to the wearer, ensuring that they
adhere to their medication schedule.
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12. 7. Research and Data Collection
• offer an opportunity to collect large-scale, real-world data on
neurological conditions.
With patient consent, researchers can leverage this data
- to gain insights into disease progression,-
- treatment effectiveness
and the impact of lifestyle factors on neurological health.
- the development of new therapies,
- personalized medicine approaches,
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13. Examples of wearable devices used in
Neurology
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14. EEG HEADSETS
• EEG headsets are wearable devices that detect and record
electrical activity in the brain.
• consist of a headband or cap with multiple electrodes that
capture brainwave patterns.
• used in diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as epilepsy,
sleep disorders, and brain injuries.
• They also enable brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for
controlling external devices using brain signals.
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16. Actigraphy Devices
• Actigraphy devices are worn on the wrist and measure
movement and activity levels.
• They use accelerometers to track sleep patterns, circadian
rhythms, and physical activity.
• used to monitor sleep disorders like insomnia and circadian
rhythm disorders.
• It provides valuable data for assessing sleep quality and
patterns over time.
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17. Smart Clothing
• Innovative smart clothing incorporates embedded sensors that
can monitor and record various physiological parameters.
• wearable devices embedded in shirts can track heart rate,
respiration rate, and body temperature.
• This data can be used to monitor autonomic dysfunctions or
neurodegenerative diseases.
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18. Smart Glasses
• Smart glasses equipped with sensors and display capabilities
can provide real-time feedback and assistance
• displays visual cues and reminders to aid individuals with
memory impairments.
• assist in the rehabilitation of stroke patients by displaying
interactive exercises and tracking progress.
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19. Wearable TENS Devices
• Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) devices
deliver low-voltage electrical currents through electrodes
attached to the skin.
• provide non-invasive pain relief for individuals with chronic pain
conditions, including neuropathic pain
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20. Wearable Assistive Devices
• Wearable devices, such as exoskeletons or robotic limbs, can
help individuals to regain mobility and improve motor functions.
• uses advanced sensors and actuators to detect movements and
provide support or assistance when needed.
• They are particularly beneficial for patients with conditions like
spinal cord injuries or stroke.
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21. Commonly used wearable devices in
Neurology
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22. Embrace2
Embrace2 is a wrist-worn wearable device specifically designed
for individuals with epilepsy.
• It utilizes multiple sensors, including electrodermal activity
(EDA) and accelerometer,
• detect seizures and send alerts to caregivers.
• It also tracks sleep patterns and physical activity.
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23. • Limitation- may mistake some normal daily activities (e.g., hand
clapping or teeth brushing) for generalized tonic-clonic seizures,
creating the challenge of false alarms
• Price and availability – 250 US$ withdrawn from market
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25. 2. Zio patch
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26. 2. Zio Patch
• Zio is a prescription-only,
• single patient use,
• continuously recording ECG monitoring system
• can be worn for up to 14 days.
• Monitoring using mobile app
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27. • used in neurology to detect and diagnose conditions such as
atrial fibrillation, which contribute to stroke risk.
• Price- 350-400 US$
• ? Availablity in india
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28. 3. Actigraphy Watches
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29. • Actigraphy watches, such as the Actiwatch, wrist-worn device
• uses accelerometers to measure and analyze movement
patterns.
• used in sleep medicine and neurology to assess sleep-wake
cycles and circadian rhythm disturbances.
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30. • useful to help determine whether disruptions in the
sleep-wake cycle exist,
• as may occur in many different sleep disorders.
• They are generally not accurate enough to detect
specific sleep stages
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31. 4. Tremor Suppression Devices
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32. • Various wearable devices have been developed to suppress
tremors
• in conditions like Parkinson's disease or essential tremor.
• These devices often take the form of gloves, wristbands, or
sleeves.
• equipped with sensors and actuators which counteracts tremor
movements.
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33. • The tremor suppression glove has elements which span across
the Proximal Interphalangeal joint (PIP) and
Metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) as shown in Fig.
• works by damper countering the action of the tremor in the
fingers by applying a resistant force against the motion.
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35. • Price 39000 RS
• Availability online in india
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36. 5.Muse
• Muse is a headband-style EEG device used for neurofeedback
and meditation.
• It measures brainwave activity and provides real-time feedback
through an accompanying app,
• helps individuals learn to calm their minds and improve focus
and relaxation.
• The device measures brain activity via
4 electroencephalography (EEG) sensors.
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37. • relaxed state through the sound of tweeting birds, and higher
amounts of brain activity is represented by storm sounds
Price 30,000 rs
Available in india
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39. 7. BioStamp Research Connect
• used in research studies.
• BioStamp Research Connect is a flexible,
• adhesive wearable device ,
• Can be placed on different parts of body
• monitor various physiological signals.
• captures data related to movement, muscle activity, heart rate,
and skin temperature.
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41. 8. FreeStyle Libre
• is a continuous glucose monitoring system
• utilizes a wearable sensor to measure glucose levels.
• Uses a sensor and a reader
• Price 25,000 for 4 sensors and a reader.
• It is relevant in neurology as some neurological conditions, such
as epilepsy, may be affected by fluctuations in blood glucose
levels.
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43. DISEASE SPECIFIC DEVICES
• STROKE- smartwatches, smartphones, zio patch
• SEIZURE DETECTION- Embrace-2 watch, Brain sentinel,
SeizAlarm, Inspyre smartwatch app
• PARKINSON- Step activity counters, accelerometers
• SLEEP DISORDERS- Wrist-worn actimetry sensors, mattress-based
devices—considered “nearables”
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44. MOBILES APPS FOR MONITORING
• Epilepsy Foundation My Seizure Diary: track their seizures,
medication usage, side effects, and other relevant information
• Parkinson's Toolkit: medication reminders, exercise videos, a
symptom tracker, and educational materials.
• Migraine Buddy: record migraine triggers, symptoms, duration,
and intensity. helps identify patterns and triggers.
• BrainHQ & CogniFit Brain Fitness : scientifically designed
exercises to improve cognitive abilities.
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45. UPCOMING DEVICES
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Price 3499$, apple vision pro glasses, 2025/26

46. • Parkinson mPower is being used in a 2-year research study of
Parkinson disease progression.
• In this study, an app monitors key indicators of disease
progression, including dexterity, tremors, mobility, balance, gait,
and memory.
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47. LIMITATIONS
• Limited Efficacy Data
• no widely accepted standard for evaluating wearables.
• Regulatory enforcement guidelines.
• Privacy Implications
• Adherence - 1) diseased vs healthy users, (2) ease of use/physical discomfort, (3)
self-consciousness, and (4) concern about damaging the equipment.
• Price , availability
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48. CONCLUSION
• Awareness should be used raised about wearable technologies.
• implications of these applications for our patients.
• Should be safe to use.
• Adherence
• research for studying their efficacy, effectiveness, and
implementation in health care systems.
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49. References
• Minen MT, Stieglitz EJ. Wearables for Neurologic Conditions: Considerations for Our Patients and
Research Limitations. Neurol Clin Pract. 2021 Aug;
• A Systemic Review of Available Low-Cost EEG Headsets Used for Drowsiness
Detection Front. Neuroinform., 15 October 2020
Volume 14 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2020.553352
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275580004_WEARABLE_TECHNOLOGIES
_AND_ITS_FUTURE_APPLICATIONS
• R, Bärnighausen T, Barteit S The Impact of Wearable Technologies in Health Research: Scoping
Review JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2022;10(1):e34384
• Literature on Wearable Technology for Connected Health: Scoping Review of Research Trends,
Advances, and Barriers
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