The small group plan involves 6-8 struggling 9th grade students who will meet once a week for 45 minutes over 4 weeks. The plan aims to teach students study skills to improve academic achievement. Each session will focus on a different skill: organizing materials, setting goals, time management, and choosing a study location. Students will complete related activities each week. The plan will be evaluated by comparing students' responses to statements about study skills read at the start and end, with the expectation that students should be able to explain positive changes by the final session.
Mariana Canellas observed English language classes at Colegio No 738 during her practicum period. In her journal, she summarized each lesson, noting the pedagogical principles, teaching strategies, student reactions, successful aspects and changes she would make. For some lessons, students behaved well but lacked motivation. Mariana realized she needed to better support students with cognitive problems and improve timing and activity design. Overall, it was a valuable learning experience for Mariana.
In her final journal entry, the trainee reflects on her last lesson with the secondary school class. She was able to create a friendly atmosphere with the students and they seemed engaged in the CLIL lesson about healthy habits. While classroom management is an area she still wants to improve, the students responded well to her teaching strategies and completed all the activities. This practicum experience has provided useful lessons for planning future classes and recognizing what teaching approaches are most effective.
The document provides reflections from a student teacher on their teaching experience over 3 weeks.
1. In the first week, the student teacher was introduced to the school and given two classes to teach. They observed their cooperating teacher's lessons and discussed lesson planning.
2. In the third week, the student teacher drew images to help remember students' names and noticed improvements in student participation. They also identified an action research topic.
3. Feedback from the cooperating teacher suggested writing answers on the board to engage more students and assigning homework related to reading clocks. The student teacher saw improvements through practicing feedback and felt more confident in classroom management by the end of the semester.
The document summarizes 6 English classes taught by the student resident to a 5th year class at Instituto María Auxiliadora. Each class summary includes 3 sections: 1) describing how the lesson unfolded, 2) the resident's experience, and 3) interpreting the lesson. The summaries show that students engaged well with activities on grammar, reading, writing and speaking. While time management was a challenge, the resident established a good rapport with the class and was pleased with their understanding and progress.
The student completed their secondary school practicum at "Sagrado Corazon" where they observed classroom dynamics and interviewed staff to learn about the school. During their lessons, the student used visual aids and activities like games to engage students and develop their reading, listening, and writing skills over time. The student reflected that they need to improve time management and lesson structure. Going forward, the student plans to implement a more active, dynamic lesson plan that incorporates all language skills and gives students tools to develop their abilities through step-by-step practice and homework.
1) The document reflects on classroom observations and lessons, noting what the teacher does well, such as allowing pair work and using varied activities to actively engage students.
2) It also notes areas that could be improved, such as varying activities more to maintain student attention and addressing different motivation levels in mixed ability classes.
3) The reflections aim to help the observer learn better teaching strategies and how to meet individual student needs through careful observation and modified instruction.
The student teacher observed many classes at the beginning of their training to become familiar with the teaching environment. While interaction with students was initially low, it improved as they got to know each other. Time management and keeping students attentive were challenges, but strategies like calculating activity times and using a points system helped address these. By the end of the training, the student teacher had gained experience dealing with diverse students and teaching methods, and felt they had improved their teaching skills like time management and assessment.
This document summarizes a time management and stress management in-service for instructors. It discusses common obstacles to time management like issues of control, procrastination and immediacy. It also discusses categorizing tasks by importance and urgency when creating to-do lists. The document outlines stressors like workload expectations and interpersonal conflicts that can affect instructors. It notes that long-term stress can negatively impact health if left unmanaged. Strategies suggested include identifying and prioritizing key stressors in order to reduce or eliminate their impact.
Mariana Canellas observed English language classes at Colegio No 738 during her practicum period. In her journal, she summarized each lesson, noting the pedagogical principles, teaching strategies, student reactions, successful aspects and changes she would make. For some lessons, students behaved well but lacked motivation. Mariana realized she needed to better support students with cognitive problems and improve timing and activity design. Overall, it was a valuable learning experience for Mariana.
In her final journal entry, the trainee reflects on her last lesson with the secondary school class. She was able to create a friendly atmosphere with the students and they seemed engaged in the CLIL lesson about healthy habits. While classroom management is an area she still wants to improve, the students responded well to her teaching strategies and completed all the activities. This practicum experience has provided useful lessons for planning future classes and recognizing what teaching approaches are most effective.
The document provides reflections from a student teacher on their teaching experience over 3 weeks.
1. In the first week, the student teacher was introduced to the school and given two classes to teach. They observed their cooperating teacher's lessons and discussed lesson planning.
2. In the third week, the student teacher drew images to help remember students' names and noticed improvements in student participation. They also identified an action research topic.
3. Feedback from the cooperating teacher suggested writing answers on the board to engage more students and assigning homework related to reading clocks. The student teacher saw improvements through practicing feedback and felt more confident in classroom management by the end of the semester.
The document summarizes 6 English classes taught by the student resident to a 5th year class at Instituto María Auxiliadora. Each class summary includes 3 sections: 1) describing how the lesson unfolded, 2) the resident's experience, and 3) interpreting the lesson. The summaries show that students engaged well with activities on grammar, reading, writing and speaking. While time management was a challenge, the resident established a good rapport with the class and was pleased with their understanding and progress.
The student completed their secondary school practicum at "Sagrado Corazon" where they observed classroom dynamics and interviewed staff to learn about the school. During their lessons, the student used visual aids and activities like games to engage students and develop their reading, listening, and writing skills over time. The student reflected that they need to improve time management and lesson structure. Going forward, the student plans to implement a more active, dynamic lesson plan that incorporates all language skills and gives students tools to develop their abilities through step-by-step practice and homework.
1) The document reflects on classroom observations and lessons, noting what the teacher does well, such as allowing pair work and using varied activities to actively engage students.
2) It also notes areas that could be improved, such as varying activities more to maintain student attention and addressing different motivation levels in mixed ability classes.
3) The reflections aim to help the observer learn better teaching strategies and how to meet individual student needs through careful observation and modified instruction.
The student teacher observed many classes at the beginning of their training to become familiar with the teaching environment. While interaction with students was initially low, it improved as they got to know each other. Time management and keeping students attentive were challenges, but strategies like calculating activity times and using a points system helped address these. By the end of the training, the student teacher had gained experience dealing with diverse students and teaching methods, and felt they had improved their teaching skills like time management and assessment.
This document summarizes a time management and stress management in-service for instructors. It discusses common obstacles to time management like issues of control, procrastination and immediacy. It also discusses categorizing tasks by importance and urgency when creating to-do lists. The document outlines stressors like workload expectations and interpersonal conflicts that can affect instructors. It notes that long-term stress can negatively impact health if left unmanaged. Strategies suggested include identifying and prioritizing key stressors in order to reduce or eliminate their impact.
Canellas tpd 2015 - informe de evaluacion de la primera etapa-checkedMCanellas
This document summarizes Mariana Canellas' teaching experience during her first period of student teaching. The experience allowed her to apply what she learned in her teaching program and plan lessons to demonstrate her readiness. Her lessons focused on communication and included activities on vocabulary acquisition. Student participation was active and they behaved well. The experience helped develop Mariana's planning, material selection, and patience skills. It increased her confidence in applying pedagogical principles. While the experience was meaningful, future lessons may require changes like incorporating a full unit on a topic.
This document provides guidance for lesson planning and structure. It recommends that teachers:
1. Explain the learning intentions and success criteria to students at the beginning of the lesson and refer to them throughout and at the end of the lesson.
2. Discuss the level of thinking required for lesson activities and relate it to the achievement standards (gathering, processing, applying levels).
3. Structure lessons to allow time for providing quality feedback to students.
4. Ensure lessons have a clear beginning, middle, and end, including setting expectations, the main lesson activities, and reviewing what was learned.
The document contains a student teacher's first lesson plan for teaching a poem about hope. It includes the objectives, subject matter, procedures, and evaluation. In the procedures, the teacher leads various activities like discussing the poem, having students read parts, and doing group activities. In the analysis, the cooperating teacher provided positive feedback on the clear objectives and appropriate activities. The student teacher reflected on ensuring objectives align with all aspects of the lesson and having fully prepared content. The portfolio includes a revised lesson plan based on the feedback.
This document summarizes three classroom observations of an English language class for beginner primary students in Argentina. In the first observation, the teacher struggled with classroom management and keeping students engaged. The second observation showed some improvement with activities like a listening exercise and game, but many students remained disengaged. The third observation started well with a role play activity, but motivation was lost when students opened their books and many activities were assigned as homework. The observer notes the importance of clear instructions, varied activities, and fully exploiting motivational elements to keep students engaged.
The document is a final assessment report from a student reflecting on their primary level practicum period.
First, the student notes they learned a lot as the age group, English level, issues, content and methodology differed from their kindergarten practicum. Second, they improved classroom management strategies and timing over their three lessons. Student feedback helped them design more motivating lessons. Finally, they felt more relaxed than in their kindergarten practicum and enjoyed the lessons.
This lesson plan is for a 7th grade language arts class where students will revise peer essays. The objectives are for students to revise peers' essays for focus, topic sentences, and evidence, and to make revisions to their own essays based on feedback. Students will work in groups to peer review drafts of essays about Anne Frank or The Book Thief based on a list of revision points. The teacher will assess students informally during peer review and formally based on revisions between drafts.
The document is a reflection from a student teacher, Jimena Benito, on her practicum experience teaching English to a 6th form class of 23 students at a primary school. In the first lesson, Jimena felt secure and organized, but the second lesson went poorly as she struggled with instructions and timing. For the third lesson after a month, Jimena incorporated suggestions to improve her lesson planning and classroom management, and felt more confident with a successful lesson. Overall, the experience helped Jimena become aware of strengths and weaknesses to improve future teaching practices, though she remains self-critical of mistakes made.
Tpd schulze all journals primary checkedPaula Schulze
Paula taught an English lesson to a 6th grade class about pirates. She focused on communicative language teaching and the Natural Approach. Activities included reading a story, vocabulary games, and dressing up. Students were engaged and used English. Time management went well except one lesson ran long due to a school assembly. Paula improved at using technology but recording stopped during videos/music. Feedback will help her plan future lessons to better manage time and encourage more English during activities.
This document provides solutions to common classroom management problems related to group work, class discussions, task completion, maintaining student focus, physical classroom limitations, unsuccessful lessons, lack of student interest, and prolonged transition times. Suggested solutions include assigning leadership roles to excluded students, randomly assigning groups, distributing tasks evenly, using engaging topics to refocus students, having faster students help slower ones, evaluating group work, changing the classroom layout, focusing on core lesson concepts when lessons fail, using interactive materials or jokes, and enforcing time limits for transitions with consequences.
This document outlines the goals, tasks, activities, analysis, and reflections of observing classroom routines. The goals are to observe the cooperating teacher's routines, take notes, and assist teachers. Tasks include observing routines like attendance, passing papers, getting materials, and line formation. Potential innovations are discussed like classroom cleaners and providing audiovisual materials. An analysis explains that routines guide students and teachers in their responsibilities. Reflections note that clear routines allow students to know what is expected and help bring a sense of control.
The document summarizes a study on the readiness of newly graduate teachers in handling non-specialized fields. It includes the following key points:
1. The study aimed to determine student teachers' readiness to teach subjects outside their specialization and how to enhance their training program.
2. Findings showed that student teachers felt less confident and uncomfortable teaching non-specialized subjects. They lacked knowledge and resources.
3. Recommendations included enhancing the training program to produce more competent teachers, developing professional maturity, and promoting continuous learning.
FINAL REPORT:My training as an English TeacherEscuela Publica
Melisa Gonzalez completed her teaching practicum with two groups of teenagers aged 13-17. She observed both groups and their teachers initially. Group 1 was well-behaved while Group 2 was noisy and undisciplined. Melisa planned engaging lessons incorporating activities, materials beyond the textbook, and English use. While nervous, her teaching went well with student participation and comprehension. Both experiences were valuable for improving her skills, though Group 2 was more challenging to motivate. Overall, Melisa found the practicum rewarding for developing as a teacher.
The document contains observations from a teacher trainee's journal of lessons taught during their practicum period.
1) The trainee observed that while the lessons aimed to follow a communicative approach, some activities like drills were more similar to an audiolingual method. Student reaction was generally positive but the trainee noted some ways to reduce anxiety and give more meaningful input.
2) Suggested improvements included giving students more opportunities to produce language themselves rather than relying on the teacher, and ensuring activities like listening have clear comprehension goals.
3) By the final lesson, the trainee recognized the value of focusing an entire unit on one topic like directions, rather than introducing new topics each lesson. Overall
The document outlines a student teacher's practice teaching activities. It includes goals, tasks, and reflections for orientation at a cooperating school, familiarizing with school facilities, observing classroom routines, and preparing for a first lesson plan. The student teacher aims to learn school and teacher expectations, analyze the vision and mission, and establish order in the classroom. Through tasks like school tours and discussions, the student reflects on preparing for the teaching profession and establishing discipline among students.
This document summarizes two English lessons taught to an 11th grade class. In Lesson 2, the teacher had students work in pairs to discuss situations and create advice after students were talkative from time off for a holiday. In Lesson 4, the teacher had students only create posters with job advice due to a matching activity taking longer than planned, removing the poster presentation from that lesson. Assessment results showed most students successfully identified jobs vocabulary and used modal verbs for advice.
The document describes Paula Schulze's reflections on four English lessons taught to a 4th year secondary level group. Paula focused on communicative language teaching approaches and used a variety of strategies like visual aids, group work, and discussions. The students reacted positively overall, actively participating in lessons and using English, though some lessons ran short on time or required improvements to practice structures more.
This document provides an overview of an English language teaching course. It discusses the course objectives of providing an understanding of principles and practices of teaching English as a second or foreign language. It reviews past trends and current methods of language teaching. It also examines each approach and method in terms of its theory, goals, syllabus, teacher and learner roles, materials, and classroom techniques.
The document then discusses reflective journals and how they can promote reflective thinking in students. It outlines benefits of journals for students and instructors. Finally, it summarizes different types of studies that have been conducted on reflection in pre-service teachers' journals, including studies analyzing journal content and studies examining the effects of interventions on journal quality.
Paula Schulze taught an English lesson to Kindergarten students. She focused on using the Total Physical Response Method and Natural Approach to promote language learning through activities and play. Some strategies like demonstration and modeling were effective, while translation was needed for some students. The students enjoyed the puppet and engaging activities, but their attention span was short. Paula realized she needs to improve classroom management skills and relax more with this age group.
This document contains a trainee teacher's reflections on three English lessons taught to a 5th grade class in primary school. In the first lesson, the teacher focused on developing the students' communicative skills through activities incorporating the four skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking around the topic presented. Students engaged well with the colorful materials and interactive activities. The second lesson connected the topic of giving directions to a story, and students were enthusiastic about choosing paths and completing writing activities. For the third lesson, the teacher aimed to improve students' writing skills through describing cities, though more scaffolding was needed for the writing portions. Overall, the students reacted positively to the lessons and engaged well with the various interactive materials and activities.
The teacher felt their teaching had improved over the last few weeks. They were more confident, had better relationships with students, and better classroom management. However, they noted their lesson pace was sometimes slow and they needed to work on motivating students who did not apply themselves. The teacher received feedback that instructions in experiments needed to be clearer and equipment prepared earlier to increase pace. They were working on improving time management, relaxing their attitude with students, and addressing disruptive behavior to improve the learning environment.
The document discusses Chef Stephan Pyles' restaurant Stampede 66 in Dallas, Texas. It describes the restaurant's down-home and comforting menu items that remind the author of lovingly cooked meals. Dishes include honey-fried chicken, biscuits, Frito-chili pie, and butterscotch pudding. The chef draws inspiration from his childhood in West Texas and aims to source ingredients locally. He recommends diners try the honey-fried chicken with buttermilk biscuits.
This document provides essential phrases in Slovak and English for greeting people, asking for and giving personal details, discussing employment and jobs, and saying goodbye. It includes common phrases like hello, goodbye, please, and thank you, as well as phrases related to names, contact information, education, work experience, types of jobs, and scheduling future appointments. Pronunciations of the Slovak phrases are provided.
Canellas tpd 2015 - informe de evaluacion de la primera etapa-checkedMCanellas
This document summarizes Mariana Canellas' teaching experience during her first period of student teaching. The experience allowed her to apply what she learned in her teaching program and plan lessons to demonstrate her readiness. Her lessons focused on communication and included activities on vocabulary acquisition. Student participation was active and they behaved well. The experience helped develop Mariana's planning, material selection, and patience skills. It increased her confidence in applying pedagogical principles. While the experience was meaningful, future lessons may require changes like incorporating a full unit on a topic.
This document provides guidance for lesson planning and structure. It recommends that teachers:
1. Explain the learning intentions and success criteria to students at the beginning of the lesson and refer to them throughout and at the end of the lesson.
2. Discuss the level of thinking required for lesson activities and relate it to the achievement standards (gathering, processing, applying levels).
3. Structure lessons to allow time for providing quality feedback to students.
4. Ensure lessons have a clear beginning, middle, and end, including setting expectations, the main lesson activities, and reviewing what was learned.
The document contains a student teacher's first lesson plan for teaching a poem about hope. It includes the objectives, subject matter, procedures, and evaluation. In the procedures, the teacher leads various activities like discussing the poem, having students read parts, and doing group activities. In the analysis, the cooperating teacher provided positive feedback on the clear objectives and appropriate activities. The student teacher reflected on ensuring objectives align with all aspects of the lesson and having fully prepared content. The portfolio includes a revised lesson plan based on the feedback.
This document summarizes three classroom observations of an English language class for beginner primary students in Argentina. In the first observation, the teacher struggled with classroom management and keeping students engaged. The second observation showed some improvement with activities like a listening exercise and game, but many students remained disengaged. The third observation started well with a role play activity, but motivation was lost when students opened their books and many activities were assigned as homework. The observer notes the importance of clear instructions, varied activities, and fully exploiting motivational elements to keep students engaged.
The document is a final assessment report from a student reflecting on their primary level practicum period.
First, the student notes they learned a lot as the age group, English level, issues, content and methodology differed from their kindergarten practicum. Second, they improved classroom management strategies and timing over their three lessons. Student feedback helped them design more motivating lessons. Finally, they felt more relaxed than in their kindergarten practicum and enjoyed the lessons.
This lesson plan is for a 7th grade language arts class where students will revise peer essays. The objectives are for students to revise peers' essays for focus, topic sentences, and evidence, and to make revisions to their own essays based on feedback. Students will work in groups to peer review drafts of essays about Anne Frank or The Book Thief based on a list of revision points. The teacher will assess students informally during peer review and formally based on revisions between drafts.
The document is a reflection from a student teacher, Jimena Benito, on her practicum experience teaching English to a 6th form class of 23 students at a primary school. In the first lesson, Jimena felt secure and organized, but the second lesson went poorly as she struggled with instructions and timing. For the third lesson after a month, Jimena incorporated suggestions to improve her lesson planning and classroom management, and felt more confident with a successful lesson. Overall, the experience helped Jimena become aware of strengths and weaknesses to improve future teaching practices, though she remains self-critical of mistakes made.
Tpd schulze all journals primary checkedPaula Schulze
Paula taught an English lesson to a 6th grade class about pirates. She focused on communicative language teaching and the Natural Approach. Activities included reading a story, vocabulary games, and dressing up. Students were engaged and used English. Time management went well except one lesson ran long due to a school assembly. Paula improved at using technology but recording stopped during videos/music. Feedback will help her plan future lessons to better manage time and encourage more English during activities.
This document provides solutions to common classroom management problems related to group work, class discussions, task completion, maintaining student focus, physical classroom limitations, unsuccessful lessons, lack of student interest, and prolonged transition times. Suggested solutions include assigning leadership roles to excluded students, randomly assigning groups, distributing tasks evenly, using engaging topics to refocus students, having faster students help slower ones, evaluating group work, changing the classroom layout, focusing on core lesson concepts when lessons fail, using interactive materials or jokes, and enforcing time limits for transitions with consequences.
This document outlines the goals, tasks, activities, analysis, and reflections of observing classroom routines. The goals are to observe the cooperating teacher's routines, take notes, and assist teachers. Tasks include observing routines like attendance, passing papers, getting materials, and line formation. Potential innovations are discussed like classroom cleaners and providing audiovisual materials. An analysis explains that routines guide students and teachers in their responsibilities. Reflections note that clear routines allow students to know what is expected and help bring a sense of control.
The document summarizes a study on the readiness of newly graduate teachers in handling non-specialized fields. It includes the following key points:
1. The study aimed to determine student teachers' readiness to teach subjects outside their specialization and how to enhance their training program.
2. Findings showed that student teachers felt less confident and uncomfortable teaching non-specialized subjects. They lacked knowledge and resources.
3. Recommendations included enhancing the training program to produce more competent teachers, developing professional maturity, and promoting continuous learning.
FINAL REPORT:My training as an English TeacherEscuela Publica
Melisa Gonzalez completed her teaching practicum with two groups of teenagers aged 13-17. She observed both groups and their teachers initially. Group 1 was well-behaved while Group 2 was noisy and undisciplined. Melisa planned engaging lessons incorporating activities, materials beyond the textbook, and English use. While nervous, her teaching went well with student participation and comprehension. Both experiences were valuable for improving her skills, though Group 2 was more challenging to motivate. Overall, Melisa found the practicum rewarding for developing as a teacher.
The document contains observations from a teacher trainee's journal of lessons taught during their practicum period.
1) The trainee observed that while the lessons aimed to follow a communicative approach, some activities like drills were more similar to an audiolingual method. Student reaction was generally positive but the trainee noted some ways to reduce anxiety and give more meaningful input.
2) Suggested improvements included giving students more opportunities to produce language themselves rather than relying on the teacher, and ensuring activities like listening have clear comprehension goals.
3) By the final lesson, the trainee recognized the value of focusing an entire unit on one topic like directions, rather than introducing new topics each lesson. Overall
The document outlines a student teacher's practice teaching activities. It includes goals, tasks, and reflections for orientation at a cooperating school, familiarizing with school facilities, observing classroom routines, and preparing for a first lesson plan. The student teacher aims to learn school and teacher expectations, analyze the vision and mission, and establish order in the classroom. Through tasks like school tours and discussions, the student reflects on preparing for the teaching profession and establishing discipline among students.
This document summarizes two English lessons taught to an 11th grade class. In Lesson 2, the teacher had students work in pairs to discuss situations and create advice after students were talkative from time off for a holiday. In Lesson 4, the teacher had students only create posters with job advice due to a matching activity taking longer than planned, removing the poster presentation from that lesson. Assessment results showed most students successfully identified jobs vocabulary and used modal verbs for advice.
The document describes Paula Schulze's reflections on four English lessons taught to a 4th year secondary level group. Paula focused on communicative language teaching approaches and used a variety of strategies like visual aids, group work, and discussions. The students reacted positively overall, actively participating in lessons and using English, though some lessons ran short on time or required improvements to practice structures more.
This document provides an overview of an English language teaching course. It discusses the course objectives of providing an understanding of principles and practices of teaching English as a second or foreign language. It reviews past trends and current methods of language teaching. It also examines each approach and method in terms of its theory, goals, syllabus, teacher and learner roles, materials, and classroom techniques.
The document then discusses reflective journals and how they can promote reflective thinking in students. It outlines benefits of journals for students and instructors. Finally, it summarizes different types of studies that have been conducted on reflection in pre-service teachers' journals, including studies analyzing journal content and studies examining the effects of interventions on journal quality.
Paula Schulze taught an English lesson to Kindergarten students. She focused on using the Total Physical Response Method and Natural Approach to promote language learning through activities and play. Some strategies like demonstration and modeling were effective, while translation was needed for some students. The students enjoyed the puppet and engaging activities, but their attention span was short. Paula realized she needs to improve classroom management skills and relax more with this age group.
This document contains a trainee teacher's reflections on three English lessons taught to a 5th grade class in primary school. In the first lesson, the teacher focused on developing the students' communicative skills through activities incorporating the four skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking around the topic presented. Students engaged well with the colorful materials and interactive activities. The second lesson connected the topic of giving directions to a story, and students were enthusiastic about choosing paths and completing writing activities. For the third lesson, the teacher aimed to improve students' writing skills through describing cities, though more scaffolding was needed for the writing portions. Overall, the students reacted positively to the lessons and engaged well with the various interactive materials and activities.
The teacher felt their teaching had improved over the last few weeks. They were more confident, had better relationships with students, and better classroom management. However, they noted their lesson pace was sometimes slow and they needed to work on motivating students who did not apply themselves. The teacher received feedback that instructions in experiments needed to be clearer and equipment prepared earlier to increase pace. They were working on improving time management, relaxing their attitude with students, and addressing disruptive behavior to improve the learning environment.
The document discusses Chef Stephan Pyles' restaurant Stampede 66 in Dallas, Texas. It describes the restaurant's down-home and comforting menu items that remind the author of lovingly cooked meals. Dishes include honey-fried chicken, biscuits, Frito-chili pie, and butterscotch pudding. The chef draws inspiration from his childhood in West Texas and aims to source ingredients locally. He recommends diners try the honey-fried chicken with buttermilk biscuits.
This document provides essential phrases in Slovak and English for greeting people, asking for and giving personal details, discussing employment and jobs, and saying goodbye. It includes common phrases like hello, goodbye, please, and thank you, as well as phrases related to names, contact information, education, work experience, types of jobs, and scheduling future appointments. Pronunciations of the Slovak phrases are provided.
The document discusses Info4Migrants Flashcards, which are tools created as part of the UK/13/LLP-LdV/TOI-615 project. The flashcards were created by Learnmera Oy to help migrants learn the language and were funded through an EU program. The flashcards provide information over 6 pages.
WellBiz Brands is a large health and wellness franchise organization with around 400 locations across 3 brands that are growing rapidly. They wanted to customize SEO reporting for each location to highlight successes and opportunities at both the brand and individual studio level. BrightEdge created a solution to generate custom dashboard reports for each location comparing national and local search engine data over time. This included key metrics, educational materials, and support to help franchise owners improve SEO and track results.
Solving the problem of similarity between exponents and trigonometric functions by introducing the imaginary number i resulted in the most beautiful equation - Euler's identity.
BrightEdge Share15 - S303: International Search & Localization - David FisherBrightEdge Technologies
The document discusses implementing a global SEO program across multiple languages, brands, countries, and domains for Schneider Electric. It outlines several challenges, including the need to educate and motivate local teams, identify local SEO champions, build a framework for keyword groups while allowing flexibility, avoid directly referencing translation, reuse translated keywords through translation memory, and track adoption rates across countries.
This document provides ideas for using trays throughout the home to add creativity and organization. Trays can be used to create instant bars, display flowers, organize bedside items, and theme rooms for different occasions. The document encourages readers to get inspired to create their own tray displays and share photos online. It also recommends other home design websites for more ideas.
This document discusses thermal challenges in LED applications and introduces SinkPAD technology as a solution. SinkPAD PCB technology provides a direct thermal path that conducts heat from the LED chip more efficiently than conventional metal core PCBs. This allows LEDs to run cooler, last longer, and achieve higher brightness compared to traditional solutions. The document compares SinkPAD to metal back PCBs and outlines the benefits SinkPAD provides, such as lower junction temperatures, thinner designs, and reduced costs. Potential applications of SinkPAD include lighting fixtures, displays, and any application requiring high-power LEDs.
To celebrate the 70th anniversary of the United Nations, the Dag Hammarskjöld Library is presenting an exploration of the seventy key documents that have shaped the United Nations and our world.
Credits: Dag Hammarskjöld Library
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, encapsulation, and access modifiers. It provides examples of constructors, destructors, and copy constructors in C# and explains how they are used to initialize and cleanup class instances. It also discusses friend functions and how they allow non-member functions to access private and protected members of a class.
Este documento presenta el proyecto de emprendimiento social llevado a cabo por el Grupo 2. Vendieron participaciones en un sorteo de una cena para dos personas en una tapería local, donando parte de los beneficios a Cruz Roja. Lograron vender 133 participaciones y recaudar 257,50€ para Cruz Roja.
The PAT meeting discussed several ongoing club activities and deadlines. Applications and $5 membership fees were due. Members could stay updated on the club's Twitter and website. T-shirts were available for $10 from the treasurer or room 225. Upcoming projects included signing up to provide a meal for RMHC on October 24th and first pop tab and book drive collections on October 27th. The next club meeting would be on October 27th at 2:40pm in room 225.
Everyone Has a Day One. This is a simple mantra that i tell my students, clients, friends, family and myself. The Day One Mindset evolved from this phrase and is represented by this simple equation. A + B + C = D. Awareness + Be Present + Change = Day One. The Day One Mindset is a simple concept that gives us the change to affect positive change in our lives.
The document discusses Info4Migrants Flashcards on music. It was created as part of the UK/13/LLP-LdV/TOI-615 project by Learnmera Oy and contains flashcards to help migrants learn English terms related to music. The flashcards cover topics such as musical instruments, genres, and common music-related words.
Injecting Innovation Into Your IT: What’s Practical and What’s NotDell World
Big, new and transformative technologies are everywhere. But what are the ones that your IT infrastructure can actually use to get the results you need? And how will you know beforehand which ones will fit into your current IT and which ones will blow it up? This session is for technologists that want to engage with Dell experts about technologies that are right around the corner and learn how to prepare for them. You’ll be able to collaborate, see what innovation is on the roadmap, and tell us how we can make your transitions more successful. Experience the breakthroughs in cloud, storage and analytics, mobility and BYOD, and new trends in security by talking directly to the experts creating them.
Why activity is important in teaching?
It is equally important that each activity is meaningful, and ensures learners’ learning progress and advancement through the didactic unit or input sessions.
Activities should build on previous activities and avoid being repetitive, they should enable learners to engage with and develop their skills, knowledge and understandings in different ways.
Activities help learners to make and sustain the effort of learning. They provide practice in the basic language skills – listening, speaking, reading and writing. They encourage learners to interact and communicate.
The document outlines a one-month training course for O-level teachers. It discusses the structure of the training, which includes 10 days of lectures, 2 days for assignments, 10 days of practical work, and 4 days for developing lesson plans. The training is divided into a generalized part consisting of lectures on various teaching topics, and a specialized part where teachers work on assignments and lesson plans for their subjects.
The document provides guidelines for designing effective lesson plans, outlining key components such as objectives, procedures, materials, definitions of key terms, importance of planning, characteristics of good plans, and steps for writing plans. It discusses pre-requisites for making good plans such as knowledge of students and subject matter. The document aims to help teachers understand how to create organized, well-structured lesson plans.
The document discusses a learning episode focused on classroom management. It includes an overview of intended learning outcomes, which are to plan how to manage time, space, and resources to provide an appropriate learning environment. Performance criteria include the quality of observation, analysis, reflection in documentation. Learning essentials discuss establishing clear rules and procedures, involving students in rule design, and reinforcing positive behavior. The student's map outlines steps to observe a class, document components, analyze structure and behavior, and reflect on management's impact. Tools include observation guides. The analysis examines how organization affects behavior and which strategies motivate students. Reflection imagines rules for high schoolers. Theory is integrated by identifying effective behavior management strategies.
This document outlines a learning episode for observing classroom routines. The learner's goals are to meet the cooperating teacher, observe various routines like attendance checking and passing out papers, and assist the teacher. The document provides examples of important routines like greetings, prayer and assigning work. It emphasizes that routines facilitate teaching and learning by saving time and helping students know expectations. The learner reflects on establishing routines for arrival, attendance, reminders and classroom management at the beginning and end of class.
The document outlines standards and tasks for developing lesson plans. It describes planning a unit on giving directions. The teacher considered students' interests as visual learners and included PowerPoint presentations with images. Reading was challenging since students lose focus easily, so the class read together with different students reading parts. Accommodations like enlarged text were made for a student with visual problems. Reflecting, connecting activities to objectives and considering students' comprehension were the most difficult parts of planning, but revising the plan helped address these issues.
A lesson plan has three key components: objectives for student learning, teaching/learning activities, and strategies to check student understanding. It is important to identify the learning objectives first before designing activities. The lesson plan should break the material into sections like warm-up, introduction, practice, production, and review. It is best to be flexible and adjust timing as needed based on how students respond. A well-written lesson plan ensures the teacher is prepared and the class will run smoothly.
This lesson plan is for a Spanish 1 class of 18 students ages 11-14, including 2 males with ADHD. The students will have limited Spanish knowledge. The plan involves students working in groups to research and present on a Spanish-speaking country holiday using a podcast, webquest, and virtual world. Students will identify 5 discussed holidays and describe 3 celebration aspects. The teacher will evaluate students on their 100-point presentation and 25-point webquest. Students will also evaluate the lesson effectiveness and methods. The teacher will consider student performance and feedback to revise future lessons.
This document contains a teacher's reflections on four English lessons taught to 42 elementary level secondary students. For each lesson, the teacher discusses the pedagogical principles, teaching strategies used, student reactions, successful aspects and areas for improvement. Some effective strategies included using images, videos and activities related to students' lives to motivate and engage students. While students generally reacted positively, staying focused until the end of long lessons remained a challenge. The teacher aims to continually improve lesson planning and addressing different student needs and skill levels.
Algebra II Classroom and Homework Expectationsjtentinger
The Algebra II class uses a student-centered, self-paced model where students work at their own pace to learn material. Lessons are short but provide necessary content, then students work independently or in small groups on practice problems while receiving one-on-one help from the teacher. Homework consists of worksheets for students to complete problems until they understand concepts. Assignments are graded for completion, and students are responsible for their own learning by asking questions when stuck.
This lesson plan is for a unit on Spanish holidays for students ages 11-14, including two with ADHD. The students will work in groups to research an assigned holiday using a webquest and SecondLife, then create and present a presentation to the class. The objectives are for students to become familiar with 5 holidays and adequately describe 3 aspects of celebrations. Students will use computers in the lab and can work from home, communicating via Edmodo. Participation is required from all students through discussions, group work, and presentations. Students will be evaluated on their presentation and webquest, and asked to evaluate the unit's methods to help improve future lessons.
Instructions Assignment 1 Students will be required to research TatianaMajor22
Instructions Assignment 1
Students will be required to research their state's education law. This project will be divided into two modules in this course. Each part of this research project will include categories that must be researched and summarized in one page per category.
Investigating Education Law in Your State- My state is Michigan
As mentioned in chapter 1, education is primarily a matter left to the states. To gain a thorough knowledge of special education law and education law, therefore, students should investigate their state’s laws, regulations, rules, and guidelines that implement the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, No Child Left Behind/Every Student Succeed Act and other education-related matters. This information can be found on websites of state departments of education and state law and regulation sections in law libraries. Investigating laws in your state is an important way for students to gain a complete understanding of education law.
Research Categories: (Each category must be summarized in one page per category using APA format.)
• The state’s special education law.
• The state’s definition of Free Appropriate Public Education.
Explain using APA format (include a title page, in-text citation from the IRIS module, and a reference page). You can find more guidance on using APA format in the APA Format folder. All assignments that are not in APA format will be subjected to point deductions.
Management Plan: Section 1 – Due Assignment 2 Please look at example for directions
As stated in the Management Plan assignment, each week a section will be completed. This week, you will be completing Part I which includes a Classroom Management Philosophy and a Letter to Parents.
Section 1
* Create a philosophical statement on your beliefs about classroom management. This should include a description of what you believe to be your teaching style.
* Create a Welcome Letter to students' families. Be sure to:
Introduce yourself
Let the families know how excited you are to have their child in your class
Let them know what their children will be learning
Inform the parents about your communication plan for the year and how you will be sharing information with them.
To submit an assignment, click on Google Drive Assignments and submit your work. You can also submit an assignment in the box below the assignment.
You can use the example below as your Management Plan
Title
Title of the Management Plan
Your Name Management Plan
Grade Level
Name of School
1
COMPLETE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Albert J Montanez
EDU 3263
Complete Management Plan
May 7, 2022
2
COMPLETE MANAGEMENT PLAN
I. Table of Contents
II. Introduction to discipline………………………………………………………………………………. pg. 3
Welcome letter to parents ……………………………………………………………………………. pg. 4
III. Classroom map description …………………………………………………………………………… pg. 5
Map and teacher path ………………………………………………………………………………….. pg. 6
IV. Classroom lesson plan …………… ...
Instructions Assignment 1 Students will be required to research LaticiaGrissomzz
Instructions Assignment 1
Students will be required to research their state's education law. This project will be divided into two modules in this course. Each part of this research project will include categories that must be researched and summarized in one page per category.
Investigating Education Law in Your State- My state is Michigan
As mentioned in chapter 1, education is primarily a matter left to the states. To gain a thorough knowledge of special education law and education law, therefore, students should investigate their state’s laws, regulations, rules, and guidelines that implement the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, No Child Left Behind/Every Student Succeed Act and other education-related matters. This information can be found on websites of state departments of education and state law and regulation sections in law libraries. Investigating laws in your state is an important way for students to gain a complete understanding of education law.
Research Categories: (Each category must be summarized in one page per category using APA format.)
• The state’s special education law.
• The state’s definition of Free Appropriate Public Education.
Explain using APA format (include a title page, in-text citation from the IRIS module, and a reference page). You can find more guidance on using APA format in the APA Format folder. All assignments that are not in APA format will be subjected to point deductions.
Management Plan: Section 1 – Due Assignment 2 Please look at example for directions
As stated in the Management Plan assignment, each week a section will be completed. This week, you will be completing Part I which includes a Classroom Management Philosophy and a Letter to Parents.
Section 1
* Create a philosophical statement on your beliefs about classroom management. This should include a description of what you believe to be your teaching style.
* Create a Welcome Letter to students' families. Be sure to:
Introduce yourself
Let the families know how excited you are to have their child in your class
Let them know what their children will be learning
Inform the parents about your communication plan for the year and how you will be sharing information with them.
To submit an assignment, click on Google Drive Assignments and submit your work. You can also submit an assignment in the box below the assignment.
You can use the example below as your Management Plan
Title
Title of the Management Plan
Your Name Management Plan
Grade Level
Name of School
1
COMPLETE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Albert J Montanez
EDU 3263
Complete Management Plan
May 7, 2022
2
COMPLETE MANAGEMENT PLAN
I. Table of Contents
II. Introduction to discipline………………………………………………………………………………. pg. 3
Welcome letter to parents ……………………………………………………………………………. pg. 4
III. Classroom map description …………………………………………………………………………… pg. 5
Map and teacher path ………………………………………………………………………………….. pg. 6
IV. Classroom lesson plan …………… ...
Private Tutoring – How to Be A Successful Tutor junfu2018
Rules for being a successful private tutor. Our teaching philosophy and teaching methods are paramount to our teaching success. At in-depthtutoring.com, we pride ourselves on reaching the goals for our students. Making sure that their success is our own and treat them just like our own children.
This document outlines three classroom guidance sessions focused on helping 5th grade students transition to middle school. In the first session, students will discuss their thoughts and concerns about transitioning and set goals. The counselor will provide information about middle school and introduce a middle school representative. In the second session, students will implement plans of action to prepare for middle school. They will also share memories from elementary school. The goal is to help students develop strategies and perspectives to feel confident in their transition.
This document discusses the importance of establishing classroom routines for an efficient teaching-learning process. It recommends identifying and explaining specific rules and procedures at the beginning of the school year, such as routines for beginning and ending class, transitions between activities, distributing and collecting materials, and group work. Effective routines can be established for taking attendance, homework collection, creative thinking activities, and signaling the teacher for help. Regularly reinforcing procedures and re-teaching when needed helps students learn the routines.
Action plan mentor obserbation pgce term 2suzanne3
1) The teacher outlined 3 action points from their lesson observation under each required heading, including planning and preparing the lesson, what occurred during the lesson, and classroom management.
2) Feedback from students was gathered through an evaluation form, and the teacher plans to allow more time for feedback in the future to gain more details.
3) A variety of teaching methods were used including instruction, guided practice, group work, and a practical activity to develop merchandising skills in a simulated shop.
The way of teaching new meethodology by boyetBoyet Aluan
This document discusses effective teaching methodologies. It recommends incorporating 3-5 minutes of relaxation between subjects to reduce student stress and anxiety. During this time, teachers can give recognition, updates, announcements, and friendly conversation to engage students. It also advocates starting new lessons with a "motive question" to trigger student thinking, and using exploration and discussion to keep students actively involved in learning. Lessons should include enrichment to convince students of real-world applications and build appreciation. Evaluation should assess higher-order thinking rather than just recall, and allow student self-pacing to enhance cognitive engagement.
This document defines tutorials and their purpose in distance education. Tutorials are compulsory and involve face-to-face meetings between small groups of students and a tutor. The main purpose of tutorials is to help students become independent learners by providing guidance, answering questions, and allowing discussion of problems. Tutorials can take various forms, including scheduled meetings and use of electronic media. They provide personal support and feedback to motivate students and help them prepare for exams.
2. Small Group Plan
A. Description of Group:
Small group will be comprised of 6-8 9th graders who are struggling with academic
achievement. The group will meet once a week for 45 minutes over the course of four
consecutive weeks. The group will be held during the school day on the same day but at a
different time each week so students will not miss more than one of each class. The
counselor will let the appropriate teachers know ahead of time when their student is going
to be pulled.
B. Plan for Obtaining Participants:
The counselor will ask teachers to recommend students who they think would benefit
from a study skills small group. After the counselor decides which of those students will
be invited to participate in the small group the teachers who recommended those students
will send a note home with the students informing the student’s parents of the
recommendation and providing them with some information regarding the small group.
The note will also provide the school counselors phone number for the parents to call if
they do not wish their child to participate in the small group.
C. Parent/Guardian Notification:
This note is to inform you that Ms. Slocum is providing a small group to teach students
several study skills with the goal of helping them achieve greater academic success. The
group will meet once a week at different times for four consecutive weeks. I have
recommended that participate in this small group as I believe it will be very
beneficial to him/her. However, if you do not wish him/her to participate in this group or
if you have any questions please feel free to contact Ms. Slocum at 517-750-5555.
D. Curriculum Overview:
The overall objective of this small group is to have the students be able to identify at least
one skill and how they can use it by the end of the four weeks. Each week the students
will learn a different study skill and how to apply it. This small group is meant to be the
first of a three part series on study skills. This part addresses what to do in preparation for
studying, while the other two will address what to do while studying and what to do after
studying. The four sessions in this small group will cover organizing school work, setting
goals for studying, time management, and picking a location to study.
3. E. SessionCurriculum:
1. Session1: A Place for Everything and Everything in Its Place
a. Objective: After discussing the importance of staying organized in order to do
well in school students will at the end of this session have all of their class work
organized into folders provided to them by the counselor.
b. SessionContent:
The counselor will start off the session by thanking the students for participating
and introducing the small group topic, study skills. The counselor will then read
off the following statements and have the students stand if it applies to them.
I often have trouble finding my homework.
I often forget when assignments are due.
I have trouble concentrating when I study.
I am often overwhelmed and don’t know what to focus on when I study.
I am confident in my ability to study well.
Fallowing this exercise the counselor will explain that these are challenges that
many students have in school and the goal of this small group is to give them
tools to help them overcome these particular challenges. The counselor will then
introduce the topic for this small group, organization. This should take about five
minutes.
After introducing the topic for this session the counselor will give the students 10
seconds to find one of their English Assignments in their backpack. The counselor
will then have the students discuss what it is like to not have the right assignments
or the right books when they go to class, after which the counselor will talk to
students about the importance of keeping school work organized. This should take
about 15 minutes.
After the counselor is done talking the counselor will ask the student to offer
some ideas for keeping their work organized. After the ideas have been shared the
counselor will provide the students with folders for their homework, one for each
subject. The counselor will also give them markers and allow them to decorate
their folders for 15 minutes, making sure to include the name of the class the
folder is for in the decoration.
When the students are done decorating their folders the counselor will have the
students go through their backpacks and put all of their class work in each of their
respective folders. The counselor will go around provide help to whoever needs it.
4. This should take about 10 minutes. The completion of this task will meet the
objective for this session.
After the students are organized the counselor will inform the students that their
folders will be checked at the beginning of every session to make sure it has been
maintained, after which the students will be dismissed.
2. Session2: Getting Your Priorities Strait
A. Objective: After learning about setting goals based on priorities students will
set at least two school related goals to be completed in the fallowing week.
B. SessionContent:
After greeting the students the counselor will have the students take out their
folders that they made during the last session and check them to see that they
are still organized. The counselor will then introduce the topic for the day,
goal setting. This should take about 5 minutes.
Have the students complete Activity One about priorities, located at the end of
the session content. Have the students share what order they put things in and
why. The counselor can then define priorities and ask the students to share
what they think good priorities are as opposed to bad priorities. After the
students share the counselor can talk to them about making sure school is a
priority in order to do well because if it is not other things can easily get in the
way and keep homework from getting done. This should take about 10
minutes.
After talking about priorities the counselor should talk to the students about
setting goals based on priorities. The counselor can teach the students about
setting S.M.A.R.T. goals the second hand out at the end of this session. The
counselor will then ask students to share some ideas about how they can use
S.M.A.R.T. goals in relation to school work. This should talk about 15
minutes.
After the students have finished discussing S.M.A.R.T. goals give the
counselor can give them two S.M.A.R.T. goals worksheets, which is located
at the end of this session. Have them use the worksheet to set two school
related goals for the fallowing week. Ask for volunteers to share their goals
with the group. This should take about 15 minutes. The writing of these goals
will achieve the objective for this session. The counselor will remind the
students that their folders will be checked again next week before dismissing
them from the session.
5.
6.
7.
8. 3. Session3: Time Flies When You Don’t Write Things Down
A. Objective: After learning how to use a monthly and a weekly planner the
students will at the end of this session demonstrate that they can manage their
time effectively by completing the weekly and monthly planner activities
during the session.
B. SessionContent:
After greeting the students the counselor will check their folders. The
counselor will then ask the students to share about how they did with their two
goals from the last session. This should take about 5 minutes.
After the counselor is done checking the folders and goals progress the
counselor will introduce the topic for this session, time management. The
counselor will then give the students a couple minutes to write down
everything they do in a normal school day around what time they do them.
After they are done the counselor will inform the students that what they just
did was a form of time management, at which point the counselor will explain
what time management means and why it is important for success in school.
This should take about 5 minutes.
When the counselor is done explaining what time management is and its
importance the counselor will hand the students the monthly planner handout
located at the end of this session. The counselor may also hand out markers so
that the students can color code their planner. The counselor will then walk
the students through using the monthly planner. The counselor will first
explain fixed time, things that students have to do at a certain time. The
counselor will then ask students for examples of when they think would be a
fixed time activity. Examples may include school, sport practice, church, etc.
The counselor will then have the students write on their planner all of the
fixed time events that they can think of for that month and what time they are.
The counselor will then explain the importance of setting aside a certain time
every day, preferably the same time, to do homework. The counselor will then
have the students write down for the month when they think they will do
homework, making sure that they allow time for it every day. Finally the
counselor will explain that the remaining time is what the students can use for
other activities. In other words, there should always be a time set aside for just
homework. Have the students share what times they set aside for homework
and why they think that time would work best. This activity should take about
15 minutes.
Upon completion of the monthly planner hand the students a weekly planner
handout located at the end of this session. Again hand the students markers so
they can color code if they would like. Then have the students write out their
assignments, at least for the fallowing week, on the days they are due. Explain
9. the importance of keeping track of this in order to turn work in on time. Also
explain the importance of keeping track of when big assignments are due so
that they can begin working on them ahead of time instead of waiting until the
last minute. This activity should take about 15 minutes. The achievement of
the objective will be based on the students completion of these two activities.
Students will be dismissed after showing the counselor their completed
planners. The counselor will remind the students that their folders will be
checked again next week before they are dismissed.
10.
11.
12. 3. Session4: Location, Location, Location
A. Objective: After researching the best environment for studying the students
will draw a picture depicting the environment they have chosen to study in based
on their research and present it to the group at the end of the session.
B. SessionContent:
This session should take place in a computer lab. After greeting the students the
counselor will check their folders. The counselor will then ask the students to
share about their experience using their planners during the past week, if it helped
them or not. After students share the counselor will introduce this session’s
subject, study location. This should take about 5 minutes.
The counselor will then have the students share about the area they usually study
in and how that works for them. After sharing the counselor will break the
students up into pairs and have them research the best studying environment and
take note of what they find. The counselor should walk around and check on
students’ progress. This should take 10 minutes.
After their time is up pass out paper and markers and have the students draw the
area they have chosen to study in based on what they found in their research.
Again walk around to check on students’ progress. This should take about 10
minutes.
When they are done with their pictures have the students briefly share their
pictures and their research findings with the group. This should take about 15
minutes. Student presentations achieve session objective.
After the students’ presentations the counselor will read off the fallowing
statements and have the students stand if it applies to them. Have the students
explain for one the statements how it applies to them. This should take 5 minutes.
I can easily find my homework when I need it at least some of the time.
I know how to set goals to help me know what to focus on when I study.
I know how to keep track of assignment due dates.
I can concentrate on my work in the sport where I study.
I am confident in my ability to study well.
13. F. Pre/Post Group Evaluation:
The results of the small group will be evaluated based on the students responses to the
statements read at the beginning and the end of the small group. The statements are
negative in the first session and positive in the last session so if students stand for most of
the statements both times then improvement was made. The students however need to be
able to explain the change in the last session, as stated in the description for session four.
If they cannot explain how the statements in the last session apply to them than
improvement was not made.