This document outlines procedures for importing plants, plant products, and regulated articles into Malaysia. It discusses the relevant laws and international standards that govern phytosanitary import requirements. A pest risk analysis (PRA) must be conducted prior to approval and involves evaluating the likelihood of pest entry, establishment, spread, and economic impact. The PRA process is initiated based on identification of a new pest, pathway, or policy change. Import permits list specific phytosanitary requirements and treatments. On arrival, quarantine inspections and documentation checks are carried out to ensure compliance and prevent introduction of quarantine pests.
Quarantine regulation and impact of modern detection methods 2 [repaired]N.H. Shankar Reddy
impormation regarding quarantine and advanced equipment are using in plant quarantine to detect pathogens and detail functioning of quarantine and history behind quarantine initiation in India
Plant quarantine and phytosanitary certificationtusharamodugu
The word quarantine derives from the Italian word “quaranti giorni”, meaning ‘about fourty days’. After the Black Death arrived in Europe in 1347, observation and experience showed that the incubation time for the disease, from infection to the appearance of symptoms, was a little less than 40 days.
Plant quarantine is defined as the legal enforcement of the measures aimed to prevent pests from spreading or to prevent them from multiplying further in case, they have already gained entry and have established in new restricted areas.
The importance of imposing restrictions on the movement of pest-infested plants or plant materials from one country to another was realized by Ireland famine 1845, the late blight pathogen (Phytophthora infestans) introduced into Ireland from Central
America resulted in almost total failure of the potato crop, the grapevine phylloxera was introduced into France from America around 1860, and the San Jose scale spread into the US in the latter part of the eighteenth century and caused severe damage. The first international plant protection convention (IPPC), the Phylloxera convention was signed at Berne on 3 November 1881 by five countries. This convention remained in force till 1951, when International Plant Protection Convention under FAO was established at Rome. This agreement was constituted with the purpose of securing common and effective action to prevent the introduction and spread of pests and diseases of plants and plant products.
The first Quarantine Act in the US came into force on 1905, while India passed an act in 1914 entitled “Destructive Insect and Pests Act of 1914”. This was later supplemented by a more comprehensive act in 1917.
Quarantine regulation and impact of modern detection methods 2 [repaired]N.H. Shankar Reddy
impormation regarding quarantine and advanced equipment are using in plant quarantine to detect pathogens and detail functioning of quarantine and history behind quarantine initiation in India
Plant quarantine and phytosanitary certificationtusharamodugu
The word quarantine derives from the Italian word “quaranti giorni”, meaning ‘about fourty days’. After the Black Death arrived in Europe in 1347, observation and experience showed that the incubation time for the disease, from infection to the appearance of symptoms, was a little less than 40 days.
Plant quarantine is defined as the legal enforcement of the measures aimed to prevent pests from spreading or to prevent them from multiplying further in case, they have already gained entry and have established in new restricted areas.
The importance of imposing restrictions on the movement of pest-infested plants or plant materials from one country to another was realized by Ireland famine 1845, the late blight pathogen (Phytophthora infestans) introduced into Ireland from Central
America resulted in almost total failure of the potato crop, the grapevine phylloxera was introduced into France from America around 1860, and the San Jose scale spread into the US in the latter part of the eighteenth century and caused severe damage. The first international plant protection convention (IPPC), the Phylloxera convention was signed at Berne on 3 November 1881 by five countries. This convention remained in force till 1951, when International Plant Protection Convention under FAO was established at Rome. This agreement was constituted with the purpose of securing common and effective action to prevent the introduction and spread of pests and diseases of plants and plant products.
The first Quarantine Act in the US came into force on 1905, while India passed an act in 1914 entitled “Destructive Insect and Pests Act of 1914”. This was later supplemented by a more comprehensive act in 1917.
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SLIDE SYARAT DAN KAWALAN IMPORT_ASAS BIOSEKURITI TUMBUHAN NASIONAL 28 sept 20.pptx
1. PROSEDUR PENGIMPORTAN
TUMBUHAN, PRODUK TUMBUHAN
DAN ARTIKEL TERKAWAL
SYARAT DAN KAWALAN IMPORT – PENETAPAN SYARAT DAN KAEDAH KAWALAN IMPORT
SEKSYEN KAWALAN IMPORT & PENGUATKUASAAN, BAHAGIAN BIOSEKURITI TUMBUHAN,
JABATAN PERTANIAN MALAYSIA
2. PENGENALAN
PENGUATKUASAAN
1. Akta Kuarantin Tumbuhan 1976,
2. Peraturan-Peraturan Kuarantin Tumbuhan 1981 dan
3. Piawaian Antarabangsa (International Standard For
Phytosanitary Measures, ISPM)
4. Asia And Pacific Plant Protection Commission (APPPC)
5. International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
3. PENGENALAN
POLISI ANTARABANGSA BAGI PERDAGANGAN TUMBUHAN, PRODUK TUMBUHAN DAN ARTIKEL
TERKAWAL
1. Hak negara melindungi kepelbagaian biodiversiti, kesihatan manusia dan alam sekitar.
2. Tanggungjawab negara untuk mencegah kemasukan dan penyebaran perosak tumbuhan melalui
perdagangan antarabangsa.
3. Pengimportan/Pengeksportan artikel terkawal perlu dipastikan selamat secara biologi dan
mematuhi keperluan pengimportan yang telah ditentukan.
4. Keperluan pengimportan ditentukan berdasarkan Analisis Risiko Perosak (PRA) yang menilai
perkara berikut :
i. Risiko kemasukan perosak bersama-sama dengan konsainan yang diimport;
ii. Risiko perosak di sesebuah negara pengeksport; dan
iii. Risiko konsainan tersebut itu sendiri menjadi perosak (weed/rumpai).
4. PENGENALAN
KEPENTINGAN PENGUATKUASAAN BAGI PENGIMPORTAN TUMBUHAN, PRODUK TUMBUHAN DAN
ARTIKEL TERKAWAL
1. Pengimportan bebas dari perosak/penyakit merbahaya dan mematuhi keperluan pengimportan.
2. Melaksanakan langkah – langkah pencegahan kemasukan perosak (rawat/musnah/dilarang
masuk) sekiranya :
i. Perosak tumbuhan dipintas di pintu masuk semasa pengimportan;
ii. Pencemaran konsainan dengan tanah, tinja haiwan, plastik, styrofoam dll.
3. Pengimportan produk pertanian yang tidak selamat akan menyebabkan kerugian kepada
negara :
i. Serangan perosak eksotik menyebabkan keruntuhan industri penanaman kelapa, limau, betik, pisang,
pitaya dan koko dll.
ii. Serangan perosak eksotik juga meningkatkan kos pengeluaran, mempengaruhi harga makanan dan
pasaran eksport.
5. PENGENALAN
IMPAK KEPADA NEGARA
Penyakit layu pisang oleh bakteria
Serangan siput gondang emas pada
padi
Antraknos pitaya oleh bakteria
Serangan pengorek pod
koko
6. Penyakit mati rosot (dieback) oleh
Bakteria
Kumbang Merah Palma
(Red Palm Weevil,
RPW)
PENGENALAN
IMPAK KEPADA NEGARA
Rumput Miang Mexico
(Parthenium hysterophorus)
7. CARTA ALIR PERMOHONAN PENGIMPORTAN
Catatan :
Pemohon perlu
menghantar borang
permohonan bagi
mana-mana komoditi
yang tiada di dalam
sistem ePermit.
Kelulusan permohonan
pengimportan adalah
dalam tempoh 3 – 24
bulan bergantung
kepada komoditi
8. PROSEDUR PERMOHONAN PENGIMPORTAN
Garis Panduan (SOP) Permohonan Pengimportan
Artikel Terkawal, Tumbuhan Dan Produk Tumbuhan
(Analisis Risiko Perosak (PRA)
Permohonan Rasmi
Borang PRA
12. Oleh yang demikian…
ANALISIS RISIKO
PEROSAK
(PEST RISK ANALYSIS,
PRA) perlu dijalankan
SEBELUM sebarang kelulusan
pengimportan diberikan
13. ANALISIS RISIKO PEROSAK (PEST RISK
ANALYSIS, PRA)
5W1H
WHO does
PRA?
What is
PRA?
Where is
PRA done?
When is
PRA done?
Why is PRA
done?
How can
PRA be
done?
14. FIRST OF ALL..
Combination of likelihood and impact
How likely an event is to happen, and how much of an effect it would have.
So…
If an event cannot occur it cannot have an impact and there is no risk.
If an event is likely to occur but it will have no impact then there is no risk.
If an event is likely to occur but it will have impact then there is a risk.
16. WHAT IS
PRA?
The process of evaluating biological or other
scientific and economic evidence to
determine whether a pest should be regulated
and the strength of any phytosanitary
measures to be taken against it - Glossary of
phytosanitary terms, ISPM No. 5
Science-based process that provides rationale
for implementing phytosanitary measures for
a specified area
Systematic approach to decide if a pest
should be managed using legislation
17. WHAT IS A
PLANT PEST?
Any species, strain or biotype of plant,
animal or pathogenic agent injurious to
plants or plant products - Glossary of
phytosanitary terms, ISPM No. 5
organism harmful to plants including
bacteria, fungi, insects, mites, other
plants, nematodes and viruses.
IPPC recognizes direct and indirect plant
pests
IPPC recognizes two categories of
regulated plant pests :
1. Quarantine pest
2. Regulated non-quarantine pest
18. QUARANTINE
PEST?
a pest of potential economic
importance to the area endangered
thereby and not yet present there, or
present but not widely distributed and
being officially controlled
For the endangered area the pest
Is not present there and has potential
economic importance, or
Is present but not widely distributed and
is officially controlled
19. REGULATED
NON-
QUARANTINE
PEST?
A non-quarantine pest whose
presence in plants for planting affects
the intended use of those plants with
an economically unacceptable impact
and which is therefore regulated
within the territory of the importing
contracting party
Presence in plants for planting has an
unacceptable impact so is regulated
But not regulated as a quarantine pest
since usually the pest is widely distributed
21. WHY IS
PRA
DONE?
To evaluate and manage risk from
specific pests and internationally
traded commodities
I. Identify and assess risks to agricultural
and horticultural crops, forestry and the
environment from plant pests
II. To create lists of regulated pests
III. To produce lists of prohibited plants and
plant products
IV. To assist in identifying appropriate
management options
22. Menilai
kebarangkalian
risiko – risiko : 1. Kejayaan pencerobohan/kemasukan
perosak tumbuhan (Entry);
2. Keupayaan untuk hidup dan
membiak (Establishment);
3. Penyebaran (Spread); dan
4. Akibat/Impak
(Consequences/Impact).
24. INITIATION –
1. PEST
1. Following detection of pest in
consignments
2. Outbreaks inside or outside of the PRA
area
3. Request for pest to be imported for
research
4. Overseas pest spread
5. Identification of an organism not
previously known to be a pest
6. Identification of a pest that may require
phytosanitary measures
7. Number of notification of non
compliance
Uses a pest as the basis
for the PRA
All possible pathways
need to be considered
25. INITIATION –
2. PATHWAY Commonly new trade pathways
Identification of a pathway that presents a
potential pest risk
Uses a pathway as the basis for the PRA
Additional PRAs are necessary for any
pests that are identified as potential
quarantine pests
Initiation via new trade request
Information gathering
I. Books & journals
II. Abstracting journals
III. On line literature searches
IV. Electronic sources
V. CABI Crop Protection
Compendium
VI. World Wide Web
27. HOW IS
PRA
DONE? 1. Initiation (3 Ps)
2. Pest Risk
Assessment
3. Pest Risk
Management
Risk
communication
28. PEST RISK
ASSESSMENT
Three step process
1. Categorization of individual pests
2. Assessment of the probability of
introduction and spread
3. Assessment of the potential economic
consequences of the introduction and
spread
29. PEST RISK
MANAGEMENT
Defined as:
the evaluation and selection of options
to reduce the risk of introduction and
spread of a pest. [ISPM No. 11]
To achieve an appropriate level of
protection, governments must balance
measures to counter assessed risk, against
obligations to minimise negative trade
effects
PRA aims to ensure the decisions will be
well-informed, transparent and neutral
30. PEST RISK
COMMUNICATION Not a discrete stage of PRA
Continuous throughout PRA
Purpose is to reconcile the views of
scientists, stakeholders, politicians,
etc in order to
Achieve a common understanding of
the pest risks
Develop credible pest risk management
options
31. DOCUMENTATION
Supports the IPPC key principle of
transparency
Also, the main elements to document are
outlined in ISPM No. 11:
I. Purpose of the PRA
II. Pest, pest list, pathways, PRA area,
endangered area
III. Sources of information
IV. Categorized pest list
V. Conclusion of risk assessment
VI. Risk management options identified
VII. Options selected
VIII. Preparation of Import requirements
34. 21
DINEGARA PENGEKSPORT
NPPO negara pengeksport perlu :
• Memastikan rawatan kuarantin yang berkesan dijalankan ke atas
komoditi yang dieksport dari negara pengeksport.
• Mengisytiharkan komoditi yang dieksport adalah bebas daripada
perosak kuarantin merbahaya dan perosak bukan kuarantin yang
dikawal.
KAWALAN PENGIMPORTAN TUMBUHAN DAN PRODUK
TUMBUHAN
35. 21
DI NEGARA PENGIMPORT
Penguatkuasaan dan pemeriksaan secara visual yang konsisten di pintu
masuk oleh Jabatan Perkhidmatan Kuarantin dan Pemeriksaan Malaysia
(Malaysian Quarantine and Inspection Services, MAQIS).
MAQIS bekerjasama dengan DOA bagi pengambilan sampel untuk
tujuan penyaringan perosak dan Kuarantin Selepas Masuk (Post Entry
Quarantine).
KAWALAN PENGIMPORTAN TUMBUHAN DAN PRODUK
TUMBUHAN
36. DOKUMENTASI IMPORT
Pemeriksaan kuarantin selepas masuk:
Permit import Jabatan MAQIS
Sijil fitosanitasi sekiranya dinyatakan keperluan didalam
permit import
Sijil rawatan kuarantin (sekiranya rawatan tidak
dinyatakan di dalam permit import)
Surat kelulusan JKTPMOBO (Bagi produk baja organic dan
mikroorganisma)
Rekod Dose mapping & pelekat go-no go (bagi manga
dari Australia dan India)
37. Permit import
Sila periksa syarat import –keperluan rawatan dan
dokumentasi diubah dari masa ke semasa bergantung
kepada keperluan semasa
Pengambilan sampel bergantung kepada keperluan
permit
will take sample and send to Plant Biosecurity Unit-sampel
wajib diambil
Will take sample based on sign & symptom-sampel perlu
diambil jika ada simptom
Baja organik- sampel perlu diambil
38.
39.
40. Sijil fitosanitasi
Maklumat komoditi, rawatan,
pengistiharaan tambahan (additional
declaration) didalam sijil sama seperti
permit
Rawatan berbeza atau kadar rawatan
berbeza-sila rujuk Jabatan Pertanian
No permit diletakan didalam sijil
Keraguan sijil-sila rujuk Jabatan
Pertanian
Sekiranya rawatan tidak dinyatakan-
perlu rujuk sijil rawatan
43. KESIMPULAN
Kawalan ke atas Pengimportan Tumbuhan, Produk
Tumbuhan dan Artikel Terkawal adalah penting bagi
menjamin kelestarian ekosistem dan biodiversiti Negara.
Analisis Risiko Perosak adalah penting dalam penentuan
risiko – risiko perosak, dan kaedah – kaedah
pencegahan kemasukan perosak tersebut.
Keperluan pengimportan (syarat – syarat import)
ditentukan berdasarkan Analisis Risiko Perosak.
44. Unit Kawalan Import & PRA,
Seksyen Kawalan Import & Penguatkuasaan,
Bahagian Biosekuriti Tumbuhan, Jabatan Pertanian.
Talian hotline : 03-2030 1400 (Unit) /03-20301425
(Hussain)
E-mel : pradoamy13@gmail.com
/unitimportpra@doa.gov.my
No. faks : 03-2697 7164
Laman web jabatan pertanian : www.doa.gov.my
Perkhidmatan > Permit > Myimport
