SLEEP APNEA PHYSIOTHERAPY-DEMOCLASS.pptx
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SLEEP APNEA INTRODUCTION TYPES CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA MANAGEMENT MEDICAL MANAGEMENT PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT
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BRSD 1st.pptx
This document provides information about breathing related sleep disorders including definitions, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea, and hypoventilation sleep apnea. OSA is characterized by partial or complete collapse of the upper airways during sleep causing breathing pauses. Central sleep apnea involves a lack of breathing effort. Hypoventilation refers to insufficient breathing during sleep leading to high carbon dioxide levels. Diagnosis involves sleep studies and treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include positive airway pressure therapy or supplemental oxygen.
Obstructive sleep apnea
The document discusses obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It defines OSA as a sleep disorder involving cessation or decrease of airflow despite breathing effort. It describes the anatomy of the upper airway and the types of apnea, including central, obstructive, and mixed. Risk factors for OSA include obesity, male sex, and structural factors like a retrognathic jaw. Symptoms include snoring, sleep deprivation, and daytime sleepiness. Diagnosis involves polysomnography and upper airway imaging. Management options presented are lifestyle changes, oral appliances, surgery, and CPAP.
Sleep Apnea.ppt
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Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder where a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep. There are three main types - obstructive, central, and complex. Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type, occurring when soft tissues in the throat relax and block the airway. Signs and symptoms include excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and increased risk of accidents. Risk factors include being overweight, male, older than 50, or having a family history of sleep apnea. Untreated sleep apnea can lead to serious health problems like diabetes or heart disease. Homeopathy treatments are customized to each patient and can help reduce complications of sleep apnea without side effects.
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The document discusses symptoms, causes, and diagnosis of sleep apnea. It describes sleep apnea as cessation of breathing during sleep for 10 seconds or more. Common symptoms include daytime exhaustion, loud snoring, and witnessed breathing interruptions during sleep. Sleep apnea can be caused by throat muscles relaxing and airway collapsing during sleep. Doctors typically diagnose sleep apnea through a sleep study that monitors breathing, oxygen levels, and other metrics during sleep.
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BRSD 1st.pptx
This document provides information about breathing related sleep disorders including definitions, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea, and hypoventilation sleep apnea. OSA is characterized by partial or complete collapse of the upper airways during sleep causing breathing pauses. Central sleep apnea involves a lack of breathing effort. Hypoventilation refers to insufficient breathing during sleep leading to high carbon dioxide levels. Diagnosis involves sleep studies and treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include positive airway pressure therapy or supplemental oxygen.
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The document discusses obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It defines OSA as a sleep disorder involving cessation or decrease of airflow despite breathing effort. It describes the anatomy of the upper airway and the types of apnea, including central, obstructive, and mixed. Risk factors for OSA include obesity, male sex, and structural factors like a retrognathic jaw. Symptoms include snoring, sleep deprivation, and daytime sleepiness. Diagnosis involves polysomnography and upper airway imaging. Management options presented are lifestyle changes, oral appliances, surgery, and CPAP.
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This document provides information about sleep apnea, including its causes, signs and symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and self-care strategies. It defines two main types of sleep apnea - obstructive, which occurs when throat muscles relax and block the airway, and central, which occurs when the brain fails to signal breathing muscles. Common signs include loud snoring, breathing pauses during sleep, daytime sleepiness, and morning headaches. Risk factors include excess weight, neck size, and family history. Treatments may include devices like CPAP machines, oral appliances, surgery, weight loss, and yoga practices targeting the breathing, throat, and nasal areas.
Middle Ear Myoclonus(MEM)
Middle ear myoclonus is a rare cause of tinnitus where there are involuntary muscle spasms in the middle ear. The middle ear contains small muscles like the tensor tympani and stapedius that contract to dampen loud sounds. Myoclonus is uncontrolled spasms of these muscles that cause phantom sounds perceived as tinnitus. Tinnitus is commonly associated with hearing loss but can also occur independently. Its causes include noise exposure, Meniere's disease, medications and tumors. Treatment involves identifying and treating the underlying cause of myoclonus when possible.
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Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder where a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep. There are three main types - obstructive, central, and complex. Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type, occurring when soft tissues in the throat relax and block the airway. Signs and symptoms include excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and increased risk of accidents. Risk factors include being overweight, male, older than 50, or having a family history of sleep apnea. Untreated sleep apnea can lead to serious health problems like diabetes or heart disease. Homeopathy treatments are customized to each patient and can help reduce complications of sleep apnea without side effects.
Summary On Symptoms Of Sleep Apnea
The document discusses symptoms, causes, and diagnosis of sleep apnea. It describes sleep apnea as cessation of breathing during sleep for 10 seconds or more. Common symptoms include daytime exhaustion, loud snoring, and witnessed breathing interruptions during sleep. Sleep apnea can be caused by throat muscles relaxing and airway collapsing during sleep. Doctors typically diagnose sleep apnea through a sleep study that monitors breathing, oxygen levels, and other metrics during sleep.
osa-130802100614-phpapp02.pdf
1) Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in pauses in breathing or reductions in air flow.
2) It is diagnosed through an overnight sleep study called a polysomnography that measures breathing, oxygen levels, and brain waves during sleep.
3) The standard treatment for moderate to severe OSA is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, which prevents upper airway collapse and improves symptoms.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
1) Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in pauses in breathing or reductions in air flow.
2) It is diagnosed through an overnight sleep study called a polysomnography that measures breathing, oxygen levels, and brain waves during sleep.
3) The standard treatment for moderate to severe OSA is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, which prevents upper airway collapse and improves symptoms.
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1) Stroke is caused by interrupted blood flow to the brain and can cause sudden loss of neurological function.
2) Risk factors include cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and physical inactivity. Lifestyle changes like controlling blood pressure and quitting smoking can reduce stroke risk.
3) Physical therapy interventions focus on improving motor learning, sensory function, strength, movement control, and functional abilities like gait through techniques like mental practice, mirror therapy, and progressive resistance training.
"Breath Easy: The Role of Orthodontics in Managing Obstructive Sleep Apnea"
obstructive sleep apnea and orthodontics including diagnosis and treatment
Sleep disruption caused by breathing disorders are potentially life-threatening and therefore an important global health issue.
Sleep disorders, particularly untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been known as a risk and possible causative factor in
1.
development of systemic hypertension,
2.
depression,
3.
stroke, angina
4.
cardiac dysrhythmias.
5.
can be associated with motor vehicle accidents,
6.
poor work performance and therefore, also makes a person prone to occupational accidents and reduced quality of life.
7.
adversely affects patients on their personal, social and professional levels.
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Definition: cessation of airflow for more than 10 seconds and hypopnoea is 50% reduction in air flow
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Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder where a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep. There are two main types - obstructive sleep apnea caused by blockage of the airway, and central sleep apnea caused by problems in the brain's respiratory control center. Symptoms include loud snoring, waking with gasping sensations, and daytime sleepiness. Risk factors include obesity, large neck size, and family history. Diagnosis involves an overnight sleep study to monitor breathing, brain waves, muscle activity and more. Treatment options include lifestyle changes, oral devices, ventilation with CPAP machines, and in some cases surgery.
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This document discusses snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It notes that OSA is a clinical condition where the upper airway collapses intermittently during sleep. Risk factors include obesity, age, hypertension, and diabetes. Untreated OSA can lead to increased risks of hypertension, heart attack, stroke, and premature death. Diagnosis involves questionnaires, physical examination, and sleep studies. Treatment aims to reduce symptoms and health risks.
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3. Sleep changes as people age, with less deep sleep and more nighttime awakenings. Medical conditions can also affect older adults' sleep. Seeking help from a sleep specialist is recommended for persistent sleep issues.
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1) Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in pauses in breathing or reductions in air flow.
2) It is diagnosed through an overnight sleep study called a polysomnography that measures breathing, oxygen levels, and brain waves during sleep.
3) The standard treatment for moderate to severe OSA is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, which prevents upper airway collapse and improves symptoms.
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1) Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in pauses in breathing or reductions in air flow.
2) It is diagnosed through an overnight sleep study called a polysomnography that measures breathing, oxygen levels, and brain waves during sleep.
3) The standard treatment for moderate to severe OSA is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, which prevents upper airway collapse and improves symptoms.
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1) Stroke is caused by interrupted blood flow to the brain and can cause sudden loss of neurological function.
2) Risk factors include cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and physical inactivity. Lifestyle changes like controlling blood pressure and quitting smoking can reduce stroke risk.
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"Breath Easy: The Role of Orthodontics in Managing Obstructive Sleep Apnea"
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Sleep disruption caused by breathing disorders are potentially life-threatening and therefore an important global health issue.
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development of systemic hypertension,
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Definition: cessation of airflow for more than 10 seconds and hypopnoea is 50% reduction in air flow
It is Classified as central, obstructive and mixed and can be graded as mild, moderate and severe
B044004007
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
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Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder where a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep. There are two main types - obstructive sleep apnea caused by blockage of the airway, and central sleep apnea caused by problems in the brain's respiratory control center. Symptoms include loud snoring, waking with gasping sensations, and daytime sleepiness. Risk factors include obesity, large neck size, and family history. Diagnosis involves an overnight sleep study to monitor breathing, brain waves, muscle activity and more. Treatment options include lifestyle changes, oral devices, ventilation with CPAP machines, and in some cases surgery.
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Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder where breathing is interrupted during sleep. It is classified as obstructive or central. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type and involves intermittent upper airway obstruction. Symptoms include loud snoring and breathing pauses witnessed by others. Treatment focuses on maintaining airway patency, usually with continuous positive airway pressure. While lifestyle changes and surgery can help in some cases, CPAP is the standard treatment for moderate to severe OSA.
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Sleep apnea is defined as cessation of breathing during sleep lasting at least 10 seconds and is classified as obstructive or central. Obstructive sleep apnea is caused by intermittent upper airway obstruction while central involves impaired respiratory drive. Sleep apnea is common, affecting 9% of women and 24% of men, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Treatment depends on severity but often involves continuous positive airway pressure.
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The document discusses autonomic dysfunction and various treatments. It defines autonomic dysfunction as a problem with the autonomic nervous system, which regulates unconscious body functions. Common types include orthostatic hypotension and multiple system atrophy. Symptoms vary but can include changes in blood pressure, heart rate when standing, and other issues. Treatment aims to manage symptoms and may include medications, lifestyle changes, and other therapies like yoga which can help balance the body and reduce stress.
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Respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that helps you breathe. It include lungs, blood vessels, pharynx, larynx.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea pathophysiology
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, associated with oxyhemoglobin desaturations and arousals. OSA affects an estimated 18 million Americans and is underdiagnosed, with up to 80-85% of cases remaining undiagnosed. Risk factors include obesity, older age, and male sex. Left untreated, OSA is associated with increased risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and motor vehicle accidents. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness and measuring apnea and hypopnea events during sleep testing.
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1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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- 1. SLEEP APNEA SLEEP APNEA PRESENTER, DR. SUMAIYA BANU, MPT (CARDIO)
- 2. What is sleep apnea???
- 3. Sleep apnea is a disorder in which breathing is interrupted or paused during sleep.
- 4. What may be the cause??
- 5. When there is not enough space to accommodate sufficient airflow in a portion of the upper airway during sleep.
- 6. When muscle tone is decreased,
- 7. When there is imbalance in transmitting the signals between the brain and respiratory muscles
- 8. In adults, it is most commonly associated with obesity, male sex, and advancing age
- 9. Types??
- 14. Factors that contribute to airway obstruction are • Obesity • Large neck circumference • Large tongue or tonsils • Narrow airway due to bony structures of head and neck • Taking sedative medication • Drinking alcohol • Smoking • Nasal congestion
- 15. Medical disorders associated with OSA include • Stroke • Hypothyroidism • Metabolic syndrome • Acromegaly • Neurological disorders (eg myasthenia gravis)
- 17. OSA induced biological changes • Intermittent hypoxia, • Intermittent hypercapnia, • Intrathoracic pressure changes, • Sympathetic activation and • Sleep fragmentation
- 18. OSA can cause • Metabolic dysregulation, • Endothelial dysfunction, • Systemic inflammation, • Oxidative stress and • Hypercoagulation.
- 19. OSA has been shown to increase the risk for • Systemic hypertension, • Pulmonary vascular disease, • Ischemic heart disease, • Cerebral vascular disease, • Congestive heart failure and • Arrhythmias
- 21. History •Possible risk factors, •Co-morbidities, •Snoring, and •What a normal night of sleep is like to him/her.
- 22. Indices •AHI (apnea-hypopnea index), •RDI (respiratory disturbance index)
- 24. Questionnaires • Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS) for daytime sleepiness; • Berlin questionnaire for common OSA risk factors and symptoms
- 25. Oximetry • Analyse oxygen saturation of haemoglobin to help identify individuals unlikely to have OSA.
- 26. Tests • Nocturnal polysomnography, and • Home sleep tests.
- 28. •Asthma •Central sleep apnea •Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease •Depression •Gastroesophageal reflux •Hypothyroidism •Narcolepsy •Periodic limb movement disorder
- 30. Medical Management • Acetazolamide, • Opioids.
- 31. Surgical Management •Tissue removal, •Tissue shrinkage, •Jaw repositioning, •Implants, •Nerve stimulation, and •Tracheostomy.
- 32. Physical Therapy •Aerobic Exercise, •Upper airway muscle training, •Oropharangeal Muscle Training, •Tongue Exercise, •Breathing Exercise, and •Inspiratory resistance training.
- 33. Therapies •Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), •Bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP), •Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV)