the skeletal system powerpoint

1. G E N B I O 2
THE
SKELETAL
SYSTEM
BIAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

2. SKELETAL SYSTEM
Definition of: Skeletal system,
Bones, Cartilages, Ligaments.
SKELETAL
SYSTEM

3. SKELETAL
SYSTEM
The skeletal system is your body's support structure. It gives
your body its shape, allows movement, makes blood cells,
provides protection for your organs and stores minerals. The
skeletal system is also called the musculoskeletal system.

4. Theskeletalsystemisthebodysystemcomposedofbones,
cartilages,ligamentsandothertissuesthatperformessential
functionsforthehumanbody.
SKELETAL
SYSTEM

5. Bones
Bones are made of connective
tissue reinforced with calcium
and specialised bone cells.
Ligaments
Ligaments often connect two bones together, particularly
in the joints: Like strong, firmly attached straps or ropes,
they stabilize the joint or hold the ends of two bones
together.
Cartilages
Cartilage is a strong, flexible
connective tissue that protects
your joints and bones.

6. LETS GO BACK AGAIN IN
SKELETAL SYSTEM

9. Mandible
This bone facilitates jaw movement for chewing
and speaking and works in conjunction with
several muscles.
Scapula
The scapula is an important bone in the function of
the shoulder joint.
Cranium
The bones that form the head. The cranium is
made up of cranial bones (bones that surround
and protect the brain).

10. Clavicle
Theclavicleisasigmoid-shapedlongbonewitha
convexsurfacealongitsmedialendwhenobserved
fromcephaladposition.
Sternum
Thesternum,orbreastbone,isalong,flat,bonyplate
thatformsthemostanteriorsectionoftheribcage.
Humerus
Thehumerushasseveralimportantjobs,including:
Helpingyourarmmove,flexandrotate.

12. Ribs
Theribcageprotectstheorgansinthethoracic
cavity,assistsinrespiration,andprovidessupportfor
theupperextremities.
Vertebrae
Theindividualbonesofthespinearethevertebrae.
Radius
Theradiuspermitstheforearmandhandtopronateand
supinate,flexandextendattheelbow,andadduct,
abduct,extend,flex,andcircumductthewrist.

13. Pelvis
Thepelvisisabasin-shapedcomplexofbonesthat
connectsthetrunkandthelegs,supportsandbalances
thetrunk,andcontainsandsupportstheintestines,the
urinarybladder,andtheinternalsexorgans.
Oscoxae
TheCoxalBones(OsCoxae)Thepelvicgirdlefunctionstoconnect
andsupportthethighstoeachsideofthetrunkofthebody.
Sacrum
Thesacrumformstheposteriorpelvicwallandstrengthensand
stabilizesthepelvis.

15. Coccyx
Despiteitssmallsize,thecoccyxhasseveralimportant
functions.Alongwithbeingtheinsertionsiteformultiple
muscles,ligaments,andtendons,italsoservesasonelegofthe
tripod—alongwiththeischialtuberosities—thatprovidesweight-
bearingsupporttoapersonintheseatedposition.
Ulna
Theulnaisthelongerofthetwobonesinyourforearm.Ithelps
youmoveyourarm,wristandhand.
Carpals
Thereareeighttotalcarpalswithfourineachrow.Thecarpalbones
enablethewristtorotateandmoveupanddown.Thecarpalbonesare
essentialforthemovementofthewrist.Theyenablethewristtorotate
andmoveverticallyupanddown.

16. Metacarpals
Metacarpal,anyofseveraltubularbonesbetweenthe
wrist(carpal)bonesandeachoftheforelimbdigitsinland
vertebrates.
Phalanges
Thephalangesfunctiontoallowustogripandholdonto
objects.
Femur
Thefemurisyourthighbone.It'sthelongest,strongest
boneinyourbody.It'sacriticalpartofyourabilityto
standandmove.

17. Patella
Thepatellaisyourkneecap.It'stheboneatthefrontofyourkneejoint.Ithelps
yourquadricepsmusclemoveyourleg,protectsyourkneejoint,andsupports
lotsofimportantmuscles,tendonsandligaments.
Tibia
Asthesecond-largestboneinthebody,thetibia'smainfunction
inthelegistobearweightwiththemedialaspectofthetibia
bearingthemajorityoftheweightload.
Fibula
Asthesecond-largestboneinthebody,thetibia'smainfunction
inthelegistobearweightwiththemedialaspectofthetibia
bearingthemajorityoftheweightload.

18. Metatarsals
Themetatarsalbonesarethebonesoftheforefootthatconnectthe
distalaspectsofthecuneiform(medial,intermediateandlateral)bones
andcuboidbonetothebaseofthefivephalangesofthefoot.
Tarsals
Thetarsalscorrespondtothecarpalbonesoftheupperlimb.In
humansthetarsals,incombinationwiththemetatarsalbones,forma
longitudinalarchinthefoot—ashapewelladaptedforcarryingand
transferringweightinbipedallocomotion.Inthehumananklethereare
seventarsalbones.

19. DECEASES

20. Osteoporosis:Aconditioncharacterizedbya
decreaseinbonedensity,leadingtoweakened
andfragilebones.
Osteoarthritis:Adegenerativejointdiseasethat
causesthecartilagebetweenbonesto
deteriorate,leadingtopainandstiffnessinthe
joints.

21. Paget'sdiseaseofbone:Aconditioninwhichthe
normalcycleofbonerenewalandrepairis
disrupted,leadingtoabnormalbonegrowthand
weakenedbones.
Rickets:Achildhooddisordercausedbya
deficiencyofvitaminD,calcium,orphosphate,
leadingtosoftandweakbones.

22. Osteosarcoma:Atypeofcancerthatstartsinthe
bones,usuallyinthearms,legs,orpelvis.

23. DISORDER

24. Scoliosis:Aconditioncharacterizedbyan
abnormalcurvatureofthespine,ofteninan"S"
or"C"shape.
Osteogenesisimperfecta:Alsoknownasbrittle
bonedisease,itisageneticdisorder
characterizedbyfragilebonesthatbreakeasily.

25. Fibrousdysplasia:Abonediseaseinwhichscar-
like(fibrous)tissuedevelopsinplaceofnormal
bone,weakeningtheaffectedbone.
Osteochondroma:Abenignbonetumorthat
developsonthesurfaceofabonenearthe
growthplate.

26. Osteomalacia:Aconditioninwhichthebones
becomesoftandweakduetoadeficiencyof
vitaminDorproblemswithitsmetabolism.

27. THANK
YOU!
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