This slide deck contains Green Belt ( Product Track ) project done at Motorola, India. Project resulted in successful award of Green Belt to me. Please feel free to shoot any product or process related queries.
Este documento resume las comidas y meriendas de una persona durante 24 horas, incluyendo los alimentos ingeridos, las horas, las cantidades y los lugares. Por la mañana tomó leche con café y azúcar en casa, y más tarde comió lentejas guisadas, queso, ensalada con aceite de oliva y mandarinas. Por la tarde tomó café con leche y azúcar en casa, y para cenar comió verduras fritas, tortilla y pan. Entre horas tomó una tostada con tomate y aceite y café con leche en una cafeter
Tokyogo -- capstone project of Galvanize DSIWan-Ru Yang
This document describes a city attractions recommender system called TokyoGo that was developed using data collected from Foursquare APIs and web scraping. The system used machine learning techniques like NMF and DBScan clustering to analyze over 263,000 venue records and user tips to generate topic tags and recommendations. Evaluation of the model found it was able to distinguish preferences of local and foreign visitors to some extent. Further improvements and applications of the system are discussed.
alguna demostración de docentes sus labores en la universidad udca datos como estos:
Director Programa de Enfermería
La Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A, convoca a profesionales de Enfermería con maestría o doctorado a participar en un concurso de Méritos para proveer el cargo de Director Programa de Enfermería.
PERFIL ACADEMICO Y PROFESIONAL
Título Profesional en Enfermería con doctorado, maestría, experiencia mínimo de tres años en cargos de dirección académica en facultades de ciencias de la salud y con experiencia en gestión académica en programas de enfermería o de medicina.
PRODUCCION ACADÉMICA
Publicaciones en revistas especializadas.
REQUERIMIENTO ESPECÍFICO
Suficiencia en una segunda lengua
SALARIO
$5.200.000 Contrato Laboral
Coordinador de Internado y desarrollo de Investigación Clínica
Requisitos académicos: Médico con especialización Médico – quirúrgica
Experiencia: Mínimo 1 año en cargos similares.
Salario: $ 4.707.000 Contrato Laboral
Para postularse se debe cumplir con los requisitos mencionados. Si no los cumple, por favor no aplicar. Las personas interesadas, deben enviar su hoja de vida al siguiente correo electrónico: martsalazar@udca.edu.co.
Profesional Unidad Aseguramiento de la Calidad
Requisitos académicos: Formación profesional y título de Maestría
Experiencia: Mínimo 3 años en: Participación en grupos que adelanten procesos de calidad de la educación tales como certificación, acreditación, registros y autoevaluación.
Salario: $ 3.500.000 Contrato Laboral
Reducing Cycle Time for iDEN Releases – A Development and Test PerspectivePraveen Srivastava
iDEN system releases have been taking longer time from M8 (System Requirements allocated and project scope is baseline) to M3 (Ready For Controlled Introduction) when it is first commercially deployed. For a typical iDEN system release, the duration between M8 and M3 is close to 18 months. The current releases are posing new challenges to product development and requires comparatively shorter cycle time. This paper talks about such an iDEN release which was done and ready for deployment in less than 9 months. This paper analyzes the techniques and strategy used by development and test team to achieve this and proposes techniques & strategies which can be used by future iDEN releases.
O documento discute a necessidade de ensino adaptativo diante das mudanças nos modelos de trabalho, informação e comunicação. Propõe que as escolas conheçam melhor os perfis dos alunos para ensiná-los de forma personalizada, ao invés do método tradicional de ensinar a todos da mesma forma. Apresenta o ensino adaptativo como uma forma de evoluir para soluções diferenciadas de acordo com as características individuais.
The document describes various parts of an internal combustion engine (ICE), including:
1) The cylinder block contains cylinders where combustion occurs, compressing air-fuel mixtures and powering pistons.
2) The cylinder head carries inlet and exhaust valves to admit fresh mixtures and expel exhaust gases, and contains spark plugs or fuel injectors.
3) The piston receives power from expanding combustion gases, forcing exhaust out while intake enters through valves.
4) Piston rings seal the cylinder and prevent oil/fuel leakage.
Este documento resume las comidas y meriendas de una persona durante 24 horas, incluyendo los alimentos ingeridos, las horas, las cantidades y los lugares. Por la mañana tomó leche con café y azúcar en casa, y más tarde comió lentejas guisadas, queso, ensalada con aceite de oliva y mandarinas. Por la tarde tomó café con leche y azúcar en casa, y para cenar comió verduras fritas, tortilla y pan. Entre horas tomó una tostada con tomate y aceite y café con leche en una cafeter
Tokyogo -- capstone project of Galvanize DSIWan-Ru Yang
This document describes a city attractions recommender system called TokyoGo that was developed using data collected from Foursquare APIs and web scraping. The system used machine learning techniques like NMF and DBScan clustering to analyze over 263,000 venue records and user tips to generate topic tags and recommendations. Evaluation of the model found it was able to distinguish preferences of local and foreign visitors to some extent. Further improvements and applications of the system are discussed.
alguna demostración de docentes sus labores en la universidad udca datos como estos:
Director Programa de Enfermería
La Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A, convoca a profesionales de Enfermería con maestría o doctorado a participar en un concurso de Méritos para proveer el cargo de Director Programa de Enfermería.
PERFIL ACADEMICO Y PROFESIONAL
Título Profesional en Enfermería con doctorado, maestría, experiencia mínimo de tres años en cargos de dirección académica en facultades de ciencias de la salud y con experiencia en gestión académica en programas de enfermería o de medicina.
PRODUCCION ACADÉMICA
Publicaciones en revistas especializadas.
REQUERIMIENTO ESPECÍFICO
Suficiencia en una segunda lengua
SALARIO
$5.200.000 Contrato Laboral
Coordinador de Internado y desarrollo de Investigación Clínica
Requisitos académicos: Médico con especialización Médico – quirúrgica
Experiencia: Mínimo 1 año en cargos similares.
Salario: $ 4.707.000 Contrato Laboral
Para postularse se debe cumplir con los requisitos mencionados. Si no los cumple, por favor no aplicar. Las personas interesadas, deben enviar su hoja de vida al siguiente correo electrónico: martsalazar@udca.edu.co.
Profesional Unidad Aseguramiento de la Calidad
Requisitos académicos: Formación profesional y título de Maestría
Experiencia: Mínimo 3 años en: Participación en grupos que adelanten procesos de calidad de la educación tales como certificación, acreditación, registros y autoevaluación.
Salario: $ 3.500.000 Contrato Laboral
Reducing Cycle Time for iDEN Releases – A Development and Test PerspectivePraveen Srivastava
iDEN system releases have been taking longer time from M8 (System Requirements allocated and project scope is baseline) to M3 (Ready For Controlled Introduction) when it is first commercially deployed. For a typical iDEN system release, the duration between M8 and M3 is close to 18 months. The current releases are posing new challenges to product development and requires comparatively shorter cycle time. This paper talks about such an iDEN release which was done and ready for deployment in less than 9 months. This paper analyzes the techniques and strategy used by development and test team to achieve this and proposes techniques & strategies which can be used by future iDEN releases.
O documento discute a necessidade de ensino adaptativo diante das mudanças nos modelos de trabalho, informação e comunicação. Propõe que as escolas conheçam melhor os perfis dos alunos para ensiná-los de forma personalizada, ao invés do método tradicional de ensinar a todos da mesma forma. Apresenta o ensino adaptativo como uma forma de evoluir para soluções diferenciadas de acordo com as características individuais.
The document describes various parts of an internal combustion engine (ICE), including:
1) The cylinder block contains cylinders where combustion occurs, compressing air-fuel mixtures and powering pistons.
2) The cylinder head carries inlet and exhaust valves to admit fresh mixtures and expel exhaust gases, and contains spark plugs or fuel injectors.
3) The piston receives power from expanding combustion gases, forcing exhaust out while intake enters through valves.
4) Piston rings seal the cylinder and prevent oil/fuel leakage.
Applying M2M/IoT technology to enable Business EfficiencyRekaNext Capital
This document discusses machine-to-machine (M2M) technology and its applications in Asia. It provides an overview of the M2M landscape in Asia Pacific, defines M2M, discusses an end-customer centric approach to growing M2M, outlines the M2M value chain, and provides case studies of M2M applications in Singapore including structural health monitoring of tunnels and a real-time water monitoring system. The document emphasizes adopting an operations expenditure business model to improve customer service levels and discusses the importance of reliability across the entire M2M ecosystem.
The document outlines a proposal for installing a wireless self-powered vibration monitoring system on 5 trains of the Bangkok Mass Transit System. The system would use vibration energy harvesters and wireless sensors to monitor vibration and temperature patterns. This would allow for remote monitoring of train conditions to reduce maintenance costs and increase safety. Key aspects of the proposal include the product description, assumptions, scope, schedule, budget, risk analysis and procurement plan. The goal is to shift from reactive maintenance to predictive maintenance based on sensor data.
How to Measure the the Quality of Service in Cloud Based Technology?Madushi Rathnayake
This study introduces a framework for service oriented cloud computing with the focus on its service quality aspects in which most demanded by cloud users. It considered two dominant sub-layers such that functional and runtime; against cloud characteristics. SEQUAL model and recent literature were used to derive the quality constructs in cloud environment whilst the opinions of the industry experts were adding more to the blend. The proposed model gives proper identification of service quality expectations and also applicable for different business or geographical contexts. The validity of it for Sri Lankan context were evaluated in this study by using questionnaire based survey while PLS-SEM (partial least squares-structural equation modeling) technique was used to evaluate the outcome. Further the research findings shows the significance of functional layer is rather expected by user than runtime layer and prioritizes quality factors of each layer; in which Service time, Information and data security, Cost benefit, Service Transparency, SLA (Service Level Agreement) are some of them.
The document discusses the evolution of traffic modeling for the Newcastle Light Rail project in Newcastle, Australia. It summarizes how moving to a catenary-free, in-station charging system for the light rail vehicles required innovative modeling approaches to analyze impacts to traffic and ensure project requirements for journey times were achieved. Additional simulation runs and alternative output definitions were needed to obtain sufficient resolution and confidence in results given the technology changes. The modeling demonstrated acceptable traffic and light rail performance with the project.
This document presents a project report for a Cell Phone Oriented Robotic Vehicle. It includes sections on certificates, acknowledgements, declarations, and an abstract. The project aims to design a robot that can be controlled via SMS messages from a cell phone. The robot will receive commands from a GSM module connected to the phone and a microcontroller will process the signals to operate motors and control the robot's movement. The report outlines the design process to be followed, including defining customer needs, decomposing functions, developing engineering specifications, generating and selecting concepts, embodiment design, and testing. It presents timelines and distribution of tasks among team members to complete the project.
Application of SHAPE Technologies in Production and Process OptimizationBrian Elvesæter
B. Elvesæter, E. Landre, and A.-J. Berre, "Application of SHAPE Technologies in Production and Process Optimization", paper presentation at IESA 2010 Workshop “Use of MDI/SOA concepts in Industry”, Coventry, United Kingdom, 13 April 2010.
The document discusses improving handover success rate in 2G networks. It presents results from a drive test analysis conducted in Hyderabad to analyze key performance indicators like received signal strength, quality, call drop rate, and handover success rate across different routes. The analysis found handover success rates to be over 90% across all routes indicating good network coverage and connectivity. Improving handover success rate enhances quality of service and user experience on cellular networks.
Professional Software Associates (PSA) is a global technology company that has been operating since 1993 and specializes in software products, services, and testing. They have experience delivering software projects and ensuring quality. PSA can provide custom engineering talent, project management, and quality assurance. They have experience developing systems for various aspects of rail projects including dispatching, station information, wayside control, in-cab electronics, and more. PSA has the capability to deliver projects using methods like waterfall, agile, and scrum using technologies such as .NET, Java, C/C++, and databases like SQL Server and Oracle. They provide services across the entire software development lifecycle from concept to maintenance.
Manufacturing Flow Time Reduction using Digital Twins and Operations Excellen...DPrestin1
Digital Twins and Operational Excellence presentation from the Institute of Industrial & Systems Engineers Annual Conference in 2012. Deals with intelligent scheduling, digital twins, network theory, and operational excellence for outsized, large scale improvements in manufacturing systems.
Incremental Queries and Transformations for Engineering Critical SystemsÁkos Horváth
This document discusses incremental queries and transformations for engineering critical systems. It describes how model transformations can be used in critical systems engineering to enable early validation of system models. It presents EMF-IncQuery and VIATRA, which allow for incremental queries and transformations over models. These technologies have been applied in various industrial domains including avionics, automotive, and telecommunications. The talk concludes by discussing some of the industrial applications and contributors to this work.
This document provides a summary of Mohammad Ali Shalan's professional experience and qualifications. It outlines his objective to utilize joint experience to enhance organizations internally and nationally. It also lists his education, including a master's degree in telecommunication engineering and bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Jordan. Additionally, it provides details on his various roles in information technology and lists his seven professional certificates in areas such as project management, IT governance, and risk management.
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATIC TEACHING METHOD USING STEREO CAMERA FOR SCARA ROBOTSDngPhmPhc
The document describes the development of an automatic teaching method using a stereo camera for SCARA robots. The method involves building a camera-robot system with hardware including a stereo camera and SCARA robot. Software algorithms are designed for position calculation, end-effector angle updating, and communication between the PC and robot controller. Experiments are conducted to evaluate repeatability, distance correlation, feedback position accuracy, and overall system operability. The automatic teaching method shows potential but could be improved with marker redesign and synchronization optimization.
Peak shaving of an EV Aggregator Using Quadratic ProgrammingDaisuke Kodaira
This document provides an overview of a project in Daegu, Korea that uses an electric vehicle (EV) aggregator to reduce peak energy demand through quadratic programming algorithms. The project involves an energy storage system, photovoltaics, EV fast and slow chargers, and integrated smart metering. Simulation case studies show the algorithms can reduce energy costs by an average of 62% and peak demand by 61% compared to no scheduling. Future work will upgrade the algorithms to consider probabilistic forecasting and add new charging modes balancing grid and user needs.
The document is a product brochure for the Hexagon Metrology WLS400A white light measurement system. It is an automated measurement system that uses white light scanning to quickly and accurately measure 3D objects on the shop floor. The system integrates with industrial robots for flexible measurement of parts and provides real-time measurement data and reports to support quality control and production processes.
Design and Development of a Quadrotor – A Didactic ApproachIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a quadrotor drone. The students designed the mechanical structure using CAD software and selected aluminum as the frame material. They calculated the required thrust from the motors and selected 1000KV rating brushless DC motors. An off-the-shelf flight control board with gyroscope and accelerometer provides autonomous leveling through PI control. The fully assembled quadrotor was able to achieve stable flight upon tuning the proportional and integral gain values for roll, pitch, yaw and throttle control. The low-cost design approach makes such quadrotor systems a viable alternative for various applications.
Automated Analysis of Natural-Language Requirements: Industrial Needs and Opp...Lionel Briand
This document summarizes research on analyzing natural language requirements through automation. It discusses how requirements are used in industry, the different forms requirements take, and contextual factors to consider. The document then outlines several research projects on automated analysis of requirements, including change impact analysis of requirements and analyzing the impact of requirements changes on design elements. It emphasizes the need for evaluations based on realistic industrial contexts and collaboration with industry.
The document discusses mechatronics systems and their design process. It begins with an introduction to mechatronics, which is an interdisciplinary approach to design that integrates mechanical engineering with electrical and computer science principles. This leads to products with more synergy and flexibility. The design process involves modeling, simulation, project management, analysis, and real-time interfacing. Additional topics covered include the stages of mechatronic design, traditional vs mechatronics approaches, and case studies of mechatronic systems like pick-and-place robots.
This document is a project report submitted by four students at the Institute of Engineering and Technology in Lucknow, India. It describes their work to improve the gain of an operational amplifier designed using 90nm technology. The students declare that the work is original and was conducted under the guidance of Dr. Tanmay Dubey. The report includes an abstract, introduction on operational amplifiers, description of the CMOS design process, simulation results, and conclusions on matching calculations to simulations. The head of the electronics department certifies that the project fulfills requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree.
A Mathematical Model for Evaluation of Data Analytics Implementation Alternat...Jānis Grabis
This document presents a mathematical model for selecting an optimal platform for implementing new data analytics reports within an enterprise architecture. The model aims to minimize costs while maximizing user preferences and architectural principles. It considers development, maintenance, integration and decentralization costs. The model is demonstrated on a sample enterprise architecture of a fleet management solution with 4 new report requests. Scenarios are analyzed with different emphases on user preferences, centralization and integration costs. The optimization results and cost breakdowns are presented. The model allows prescriptive analysis of trade-offs between architectural principles.
Preparing Non - Technical Founders for Engaging a Tech AgencyISH Technologies
Preparing non-technical founders before engaging a tech agency is crucial for the success of their projects. It starts with clearly defining their vision and goals, conducting thorough market research, and gaining a basic understanding of relevant technologies. Setting realistic expectations and preparing a detailed project brief are essential steps. Founders should select a tech agency with a proven track record and establish clear communication channels. Additionally, addressing legal and contractual considerations and planning for post-launch support are vital to ensure a smooth and successful collaboration. This preparation empowers non-technical founders to effectively communicate their needs and work seamlessly with their chosen tech agency.Visit our site to get more details about this. Contact us today www.ishtechnologies.com.au
Unveiling the Advantages of Agile Software Development.pdfbrainerhub1
Learn about Agile Software Development's advantages. Simplify your workflow to spur quicker innovation. Jump right in! We have also discussed the advantages.
Applying M2M/IoT technology to enable Business EfficiencyRekaNext Capital
This document discusses machine-to-machine (M2M) technology and its applications in Asia. It provides an overview of the M2M landscape in Asia Pacific, defines M2M, discusses an end-customer centric approach to growing M2M, outlines the M2M value chain, and provides case studies of M2M applications in Singapore including structural health monitoring of tunnels and a real-time water monitoring system. The document emphasizes adopting an operations expenditure business model to improve customer service levels and discusses the importance of reliability across the entire M2M ecosystem.
The document outlines a proposal for installing a wireless self-powered vibration monitoring system on 5 trains of the Bangkok Mass Transit System. The system would use vibration energy harvesters and wireless sensors to monitor vibration and temperature patterns. This would allow for remote monitoring of train conditions to reduce maintenance costs and increase safety. Key aspects of the proposal include the product description, assumptions, scope, schedule, budget, risk analysis and procurement plan. The goal is to shift from reactive maintenance to predictive maintenance based on sensor data.
How to Measure the the Quality of Service in Cloud Based Technology?Madushi Rathnayake
This study introduces a framework for service oriented cloud computing with the focus on its service quality aspects in which most demanded by cloud users. It considered two dominant sub-layers such that functional and runtime; against cloud characteristics. SEQUAL model and recent literature were used to derive the quality constructs in cloud environment whilst the opinions of the industry experts were adding more to the blend. The proposed model gives proper identification of service quality expectations and also applicable for different business or geographical contexts. The validity of it for Sri Lankan context were evaluated in this study by using questionnaire based survey while PLS-SEM (partial least squares-structural equation modeling) technique was used to evaluate the outcome. Further the research findings shows the significance of functional layer is rather expected by user than runtime layer and prioritizes quality factors of each layer; in which Service time, Information and data security, Cost benefit, Service Transparency, SLA (Service Level Agreement) are some of them.
The document discusses the evolution of traffic modeling for the Newcastle Light Rail project in Newcastle, Australia. It summarizes how moving to a catenary-free, in-station charging system for the light rail vehicles required innovative modeling approaches to analyze impacts to traffic and ensure project requirements for journey times were achieved. Additional simulation runs and alternative output definitions were needed to obtain sufficient resolution and confidence in results given the technology changes. The modeling demonstrated acceptable traffic and light rail performance with the project.
This document presents a project report for a Cell Phone Oriented Robotic Vehicle. It includes sections on certificates, acknowledgements, declarations, and an abstract. The project aims to design a robot that can be controlled via SMS messages from a cell phone. The robot will receive commands from a GSM module connected to the phone and a microcontroller will process the signals to operate motors and control the robot's movement. The report outlines the design process to be followed, including defining customer needs, decomposing functions, developing engineering specifications, generating and selecting concepts, embodiment design, and testing. It presents timelines and distribution of tasks among team members to complete the project.
Application of SHAPE Technologies in Production and Process OptimizationBrian Elvesæter
B. Elvesæter, E. Landre, and A.-J. Berre, "Application of SHAPE Technologies in Production and Process Optimization", paper presentation at IESA 2010 Workshop “Use of MDI/SOA concepts in Industry”, Coventry, United Kingdom, 13 April 2010.
The document discusses improving handover success rate in 2G networks. It presents results from a drive test analysis conducted in Hyderabad to analyze key performance indicators like received signal strength, quality, call drop rate, and handover success rate across different routes. The analysis found handover success rates to be over 90% across all routes indicating good network coverage and connectivity. Improving handover success rate enhances quality of service and user experience on cellular networks.
Professional Software Associates (PSA) is a global technology company that has been operating since 1993 and specializes in software products, services, and testing. They have experience delivering software projects and ensuring quality. PSA can provide custom engineering talent, project management, and quality assurance. They have experience developing systems for various aspects of rail projects including dispatching, station information, wayside control, in-cab electronics, and more. PSA has the capability to deliver projects using methods like waterfall, agile, and scrum using technologies such as .NET, Java, C/C++, and databases like SQL Server and Oracle. They provide services across the entire software development lifecycle from concept to maintenance.
Manufacturing Flow Time Reduction using Digital Twins and Operations Excellen...DPrestin1
Digital Twins and Operational Excellence presentation from the Institute of Industrial & Systems Engineers Annual Conference in 2012. Deals with intelligent scheduling, digital twins, network theory, and operational excellence for outsized, large scale improvements in manufacturing systems.
Incremental Queries and Transformations for Engineering Critical SystemsÁkos Horváth
This document discusses incremental queries and transformations for engineering critical systems. It describes how model transformations can be used in critical systems engineering to enable early validation of system models. It presents EMF-IncQuery and VIATRA, which allow for incremental queries and transformations over models. These technologies have been applied in various industrial domains including avionics, automotive, and telecommunications. The talk concludes by discussing some of the industrial applications and contributors to this work.
This document provides a summary of Mohammad Ali Shalan's professional experience and qualifications. It outlines his objective to utilize joint experience to enhance organizations internally and nationally. It also lists his education, including a master's degree in telecommunication engineering and bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Jordan. Additionally, it provides details on his various roles in information technology and lists his seven professional certificates in areas such as project management, IT governance, and risk management.
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATIC TEACHING METHOD USING STEREO CAMERA FOR SCARA ROBOTSDngPhmPhc
The document describes the development of an automatic teaching method using a stereo camera for SCARA robots. The method involves building a camera-robot system with hardware including a stereo camera and SCARA robot. Software algorithms are designed for position calculation, end-effector angle updating, and communication between the PC and robot controller. Experiments are conducted to evaluate repeatability, distance correlation, feedback position accuracy, and overall system operability. The automatic teaching method shows potential but could be improved with marker redesign and synchronization optimization.
Peak shaving of an EV Aggregator Using Quadratic ProgrammingDaisuke Kodaira
This document provides an overview of a project in Daegu, Korea that uses an electric vehicle (EV) aggregator to reduce peak energy demand through quadratic programming algorithms. The project involves an energy storage system, photovoltaics, EV fast and slow chargers, and integrated smart metering. Simulation case studies show the algorithms can reduce energy costs by an average of 62% and peak demand by 61% compared to no scheduling. Future work will upgrade the algorithms to consider probabilistic forecasting and add new charging modes balancing grid and user needs.
The document is a product brochure for the Hexagon Metrology WLS400A white light measurement system. It is an automated measurement system that uses white light scanning to quickly and accurately measure 3D objects on the shop floor. The system integrates with industrial robots for flexible measurement of parts and provides real-time measurement data and reports to support quality control and production processes.
Design and Development of a Quadrotor – A Didactic ApproachIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a quadrotor drone. The students designed the mechanical structure using CAD software and selected aluminum as the frame material. They calculated the required thrust from the motors and selected 1000KV rating brushless DC motors. An off-the-shelf flight control board with gyroscope and accelerometer provides autonomous leveling through PI control. The fully assembled quadrotor was able to achieve stable flight upon tuning the proportional and integral gain values for roll, pitch, yaw and throttle control. The low-cost design approach makes such quadrotor systems a viable alternative for various applications.
Automated Analysis of Natural-Language Requirements: Industrial Needs and Opp...Lionel Briand
This document summarizes research on analyzing natural language requirements through automation. It discusses how requirements are used in industry, the different forms requirements take, and contextual factors to consider. The document then outlines several research projects on automated analysis of requirements, including change impact analysis of requirements and analyzing the impact of requirements changes on design elements. It emphasizes the need for evaluations based on realistic industrial contexts and collaboration with industry.
The document discusses mechatronics systems and their design process. It begins with an introduction to mechatronics, which is an interdisciplinary approach to design that integrates mechanical engineering with electrical and computer science principles. This leads to products with more synergy and flexibility. The design process involves modeling, simulation, project management, analysis, and real-time interfacing. Additional topics covered include the stages of mechatronic design, traditional vs mechatronics approaches, and case studies of mechatronic systems like pick-and-place robots.
This document is a project report submitted by four students at the Institute of Engineering and Technology in Lucknow, India. It describes their work to improve the gain of an operational amplifier designed using 90nm technology. The students declare that the work is original and was conducted under the guidance of Dr. Tanmay Dubey. The report includes an abstract, introduction on operational amplifiers, description of the CMOS design process, simulation results, and conclusions on matching calculations to simulations. The head of the electronics department certifies that the project fulfills requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree.
A Mathematical Model for Evaluation of Data Analytics Implementation Alternat...Jānis Grabis
This document presents a mathematical model for selecting an optimal platform for implementing new data analytics reports within an enterprise architecture. The model aims to minimize costs while maximizing user preferences and architectural principles. It considers development, maintenance, integration and decentralization costs. The model is demonstrated on a sample enterprise architecture of a fleet management solution with 4 new report requests. Scenarios are analyzed with different emphases on user preferences, centralization and integration costs. The optimization results and cost breakdowns are presented. The model allows prescriptive analysis of trade-offs between architectural principles.
Similar to Six Sigma Green Belt (Product Track) (20)
Preparing Non - Technical Founders for Engaging a Tech AgencyISH Technologies
Preparing non-technical founders before engaging a tech agency is crucial for the success of their projects. It starts with clearly defining their vision and goals, conducting thorough market research, and gaining a basic understanding of relevant technologies. Setting realistic expectations and preparing a detailed project brief are essential steps. Founders should select a tech agency with a proven track record and establish clear communication channels. Additionally, addressing legal and contractual considerations and planning for post-launch support are vital to ensure a smooth and successful collaboration. This preparation empowers non-technical founders to effectively communicate their needs and work seamlessly with their chosen tech agency.Visit our site to get more details about this. Contact us today www.ishtechnologies.com.au
Unveiling the Advantages of Agile Software Development.pdfbrainerhub1
Learn about Agile Software Development's advantages. Simplify your workflow to spur quicker innovation. Jump right in! We have also discussed the advantages.
Using Query Store in Azure PostgreSQL to Understand Query PerformanceGrant Fritchey
Microsoft has added an excellent new extension in PostgreSQL on their Azure Platform. This session, presented at Posette 2024, covers what Query Store is and the types of information you can get out of it.
What to do when you have a perfect model for your software but you are constrained by an imperfect business model?
This talk explores the challenges of bringing modelling rigour to the business and strategy levels, and talking to your non-technical counterparts in the process.
Flutter is a popular open source, cross-platform framework developed by Google. In this webinar we'll explore Flutter and its architecture, delve into the Flutter Embedder and Flutter’s Dart language, discover how to leverage Flutter for embedded device development, learn about Automotive Grade Linux (AGL) and its consortium and understand the rationale behind AGL's choice of Flutter for next-gen IVI systems. Don’t miss this opportunity to discover whether Flutter is right for your project.
WWDC 2024 Keynote Review: For CocoaCoders AustinPatrick Weigel
Overview of WWDC 2024 Keynote Address.
Covers: Apple Intelligence, iOS18, macOS Sequoia, iPadOS, watchOS, visionOS, and Apple TV+.
Understandable dialogue on Apple TV+
On-device app controlling AI.
Access to ChatGPT with a guest appearance by Chief Data Thief Sam Altman!
App Locking! iPhone Mirroring! And a Calculator!!
Hand Rolled Applicative User ValidationCode KataPhilip Schwarz
Could you use a simple piece of Scala validation code (granted, a very simplistic one too!) that you can rewrite, now and again, to refresh your basic understanding of Applicative operators <*>, <*, *>?
The goal is not to write perfect code showcasing validation, but rather, to provide a small, rough-and ready exercise to reinforce your muscle-memory.
Despite its grandiose-sounding title, this deck consists of just three slides showing the Scala 3 code to be rewritten whenever the details of the operators begin to fade away.
The code is my rough and ready translation of a Haskell user-validation program found in a book called Finding Success (and Failure) in Haskell - Fall in love with applicative functors.
Project Management: The Role of Project Dashboards.pdfKarya Keeper
Project management is a crucial aspect of any organization, ensuring that projects are completed efficiently and effectively. One of the key tools used in project management is the project dashboard, which provides a comprehensive view of project progress and performance. In this article, we will explore the role of project dashboards in project management, highlighting their key features and benefits.
Top Benefits of Using Salesforce Healthcare CRM for Patient Management.pdfVALiNTRY360
Salesforce Healthcare CRM, implemented by VALiNTRY360, revolutionizes patient management by enhancing patient engagement, streamlining administrative processes, and improving care coordination. Its advanced analytics, robust security, and seamless integration with telehealth services ensure that healthcare providers can deliver personalized, efficient, and secure patient care. By automating routine tasks and providing actionable insights, Salesforce Healthcare CRM enables healthcare providers to focus on delivering high-quality care, leading to better patient outcomes and higher satisfaction. VALiNTRY360's expertise ensures a tailored solution that meets the unique needs of any healthcare practice, from small clinics to large hospital systems.
For more info visit us https://valintry360.com/solutions/health-life-sciences
Artificia Intellicence and XPath Extension FunctionsOctavian Nadolu
The purpose of this presentation is to provide an overview of how you can use AI from XSLT, XQuery, Schematron, or XML Refactoring operations, the potential benefits of using AI, and some of the challenges we face.
How Can Hiring A Mobile App Development Company Help Your Business Grow?ToXSL Technologies
ToXSL Technologies is an award-winning Mobile App Development Company in Dubai that helps businesses reshape their digital possibilities with custom app services. As a top app development company in Dubai, we offer highly engaging iOS & Android app solutions. https://rb.gy/necdnt
Liberarsi dai framework con i Web Component.pptxMassimo Artizzu
In Italian
Presentazione sulle feature e l'utilizzo dei Web Component nell sviluppo di pagine e applicazioni web. Racconto delle ragioni storiche dell'avvento dei Web Component. Evidenziazione dei vantaggi e delle sfide poste, indicazione delle best practices, con particolare accento sulla possibilità di usare web component per facilitare la migrazione delle proprie applicazioni verso nuovi stack tecnologici.
8 Best Automated Android App Testing Tool and Framework in 2024.pdfkalichargn70th171
Regarding mobile operating systems, two major players dominate our thoughts: Android and iPhone. With Android leading the market, software development companies are focused on delivering apps compatible with this OS. Ensuring an app's functionality across various Android devices, OS versions, and hardware specifications is critical, making Android app testing essential.
3. Srl. Version Date Comments
1 Draft Aug 1, 2009 Project definition, SDFSS Tools used, schedule
2 1.2 Sep 24, 2009 Updated with CPM Analysis slides, P chart
3 1.3 Oct 30, 2009 Update Plan, Initial transfer function
4 1.4 Jan 08, 2010 Changed few factors for provisioning dependency
5 1.5 Mar 03, 2010 Example minitab charts
6 1.6 Mar 27, 2010 Updaintg Architectural analysis
7 1.7 Apr 04,2010 Rerun of DOE and sheet update
8 1.8 Apr 09,2010 Updated for FTR - IHLR-K10250
9 1.9 Apr 14, 2010 Updates in progress.
10 1.10 Apr 23,2010 Bulletin issued to the iDEN markets
11 1.11 June 28,2010 Value statement received from Technical Lead
12 1.12 July 22,2010 Updated with MBB review comments and success story
4. • Success Story
• Product (s) Overview
• SDFSS Project Overview
• SDFSS Deliverables and Tool Usage
• Project Definition (Charter)
• Requirements Phase
• Architecture Phase
• Value Statement
• Lessons Learned
5. SSPD Program Success Story
Networks (iDEN): HLR Provisioning Project
Green Belt: Praveen Srivastava, Bangalore
Risk: High Provisioning Rate Impacting Service
( Lose Registration Request, Impacted HLR
Functionality, Failed Provisioning Request,
Increased High Severity NPRs)
Success Statement:
First application of DFSS tools and methods for iDEN programs
Increased maintenance window provisioning rate from 7 msg per second to 15 msg per
second for customers.
Reduced RPN from 45 to 24 using DFMEA activities for identified critical risks
Generated new feature ideas to reduce MOL effort with architectural findings.
CPM and minitab-DOE helped to identify significant factors and their interactions affecting
HLR provisioning rate and establish a mathematical model which is used to predict HLR
provisioning capacity. This allows customers to increase provisioning system utilization
during maintenance window with 100 % improvement in performance.
No high provisioning rate issues from SR18 upgrade markets (Chicago, Peru) after revised
recommendations.
HLR – Home Location Register, NPR – Number of Problems Reported, DOE – Design of Experiments, RPN –
Risk Priority Number MOL – Maintenance of Line
Melody HLR
6. The iDEN system is an integration of traditional Push-To-
Talk (PTT), half-duplex, analog radio technology and
feature-rich, full-duplex digital cellular communications.
This integration of mobile communication technologies
provides state-of-the-art functions and benefits to mobile
users while optimizing the available infrastructure
resources.
The iDEN system provides both full and half-duplex
operations. This melding of communications methods
allows much of the voice traffic to be run in half-duplex
mode, while providing full-duplex functionality when
required.
7. - The iHLR Provisioning
System is built on the
framework of a Web
Server. Transactions sent
to the provisioning
server are handled by
the instantiation of
provisioning servlets.
These servlets are
responsible for updating
the subscriber database
and propagating the
provisioning changes to
the iDEN network.
-The provisioning
interface to iHLR (iPP), is
based upon
HTTP/TCP/IP over
ethernet.
8. • HLR Provisioning interface, allows end users to open multiple
provisioning sessions ( max 20) using http requests over tcp/ip
connection. Provisioning requests are initiated by provisioning
clients based on Motorola provided framework termed as iPP ( iDEN
Provisioning Protocol).
• HLR handles the provisioning requests using a provisioning server
and in turn update database, send message to DAP through MCP
tasks and responds back to provisioning client with error or success
code.
• HLR’s capability to process these requests is governed by several
factors such as mobility message requests, cpu utilization, ethernet
utilization, DB response etc. Provisioning craft person ( operator) is
suppose to keep the provisioning rate under a certain limit to allow
HLR to successfully process all the requests.
9. • HLR lacks the ability to dynamically determine the
provisioning requests it can handle at any given time, which
may vary with box performance and other conditions such as
load shedding. This results in under utilization of HLR
resources under non-busy hour traffic.
• This project aims to analyze the critical parameters affecting
the provisioning performance. Identified critical parameter
will be analyzed to optimize provisioning performance using
modeling simulation and prototyping.
10. Phase Green Belt Deliverables DFSS Tools
Project Definition SDFSS Charter Charter
Requirements VOC, Requirements Development
and Analysis
QFD, UML Use Case,
Cognition Cockpit
Requirements Perform and document Critical
Parameter flow down and analysis,
Critical Parameter Tree,
Cognition Cockpit.
Requirements Documented risk analysis FMEA
Requirements Perform Initial transfer function. Critical Parameter Tree,
Cognition Cockpit.
12. SDFSS Requirements through Architecture
Flow Summary
D&I
to optimize
Provisioning
Performance
SDFSS Methods Used to Optimize HLR Provisioning Performance
Raw
VOC
nput
Architecture
SimulationVOC HOQ
Use
Cases CPM DOE
Brainstorm
Sessions
Run
Duration
(D)
DB Size
(K)
MM Rate
(msg/sec)
Roamers
(%)
PT1
Rate
(msg/sec)
PT1
RTT
(ms)
PT1
msg/sec
(R1)
PT2
Rate
(msg/sec)
PT2
RTT
(ms)
PT2
msg/sec
(R2)
Prov
Response
(R1+R2))
Transactions in
prov log
(N)
( N/D )
msg/sec
MAX CPU
(%)
1 300 100 393 20% 55 34 18.08 55 35 18.06 36.14 10912 36.37 68
2 300 100 393 0% 25 30 31.46 25 28 32.73 64.19 19390 64.63 70
3 300 100 393 0% 30 30 31.63 30 28 32.94 64.57 19486 64.95 66
4 300 100 393 0% 20 30 31.55 20 28 32.86 64.41 19442 64.81 68
5 300 100 100 20% 20 25 38.01 20 25 36.33 74.34 22428 74.76 56
6 300 100 100 20% 25 26 37.35 25 25 36.55 73.9 22294 74.31 57
7 300 100 100 0% 25 24 39.6 25 23 38.96 78.56 23686 78.95 58
8 300 100 100 0% 20 24 39.62 20 23 38.72 78.34 23650 78.83 56
9 300 100 100 0% 40 24 24.87 40 22 24.85 49.72 15004 50.01 44
11 300 800 393 20% 25 42 23.07 25 42 22.49 45.56 13748 45.83 72
12 300 800 393 20% 40 41 23.6 40 41 22.9 46.5 14038 46.79 70
13 300 800 393 20% 45 36 22.1 45 35 22.1 44.2 13338 44.46 71
14 300 800 393 20% 55 35 18.08 55 34 18.08 36.16 10739 35.80 66
15 300 800 393 0% 40 29 24.82 40 28 24.87 49.69 15002 50.01 67
16 300 800 393 0% 30 31 30.87 30 30 30.98 61.85 18680 62.27 71
17 300 800 393 0% 35 30 28.39 35 30 27.98 56.37 17022 56.74 69
18 300 800 393 0% 40 27 24.86 40 26 26.87 51.73 15999 53.33 65
19 300 800 100 20% 20 24 40.5 20 25 36.31 76.81 22840 76.13 55
20 300 800 100 20% 25 34 39.69 25 25 35.75 75.44 22766 75.89 56
21 300 800 100 0% 25 24 39.72 25 24 37.35 77.07 23262 77.54 56
22 300 800 100 0% 20 24 40.72 20 25 36.47 77.19 23287 77.62 52
23 300 800 100 0% 15 25 38.43 15 25 35.62 74.05 22351 74.50 55
24 300 800 100 0% 20 25 38.4 20 25 36.4 74.8 22586 75.29 57
Verification 100 250 0% 25 27 35.01 25 27 35.01 70.02 19696 65.65 60
1 300 100 250 20% 30 34 28.93 30 33 28.49 57.42 17328 57.76 63
2 300 800 118 20% 25 24 39.66 25 26 35.6 75.26 22717 75.72 57
3 300 800 118 20% 20 25 38.51 20 26 34.89 73.4 22148 73.83 57
4 300 800 237.5 20% 20 28 34.26 20 28 32.63 66.89 20184 67.28 61
First House Of Quality for Project HLR Provisioning Project
Rating Links Legend
H (9) = High Effect
M (3) = Medium Effect
L (1) = Low Effect
0 = No Effect
Roof Links Legend
Equal Effect: =
No Effect: 0 or Blank String
Relative Effect: +, ++, -, --
Direction of Goodness Legend
Increases Customer Satisfaction: +
Decreases Customer Satisfaction: -
On Target For Customer Satisfaction: 0 or Blank String
9 H H L
4 H M
8 M H M M
10 H M M
3 H M
6 M H M
8 M H M H
8 H M M M
153 105 240 108 108 51 42 18 96 54
15.7% 10.8% 24.6% 11.1% 11.1% 5.2% 4.3% 1.8% 9.8% 5.5%
6 4 10 4 4 2 2 1 4 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
System Requirements
Direction Of Goodness
Voice of Customer, VOC's
Importance
HLRwillsendIDBCwarningandOMC
alarmifrateisexceeded
HLRwillcontrolincomimgprovisioning
flow
HLRwilloptimizeMMtaskandcpu
utilizationforprovisioningrequests
HLRwillcomeoutofloadconditionas
soonaspossible
Failedprovisioningtransationwillbere-
tried.
Detailedprovisioningtransaction
informationwillbecollectedandsored
IDBCerrorandsuccessresponseswill
havemoreinformation
HLRwillsupportfewerprovisioning
transactionsunderloadconditions.
HLRwilladdadditionallocalalarmsfor
intermidiateconditions.
FailedMMmessageswillberetried
Minimize number of HLR provisioning related field
cases
Maximize HLR supported provisioning rate
Minimize load shedding duration in case of exceeded
provisioning rate
Minimize service impact if provisioning operator
stresses the system.
Maximize HLR provisioning transaction information
Minimize failed provisioning transactions
Minimize DVLR and HLR not in synch issues due to
high provisioning rate
Minimize time taken to root cause the issue to high
provisioning rate
Units
Scoring Totals
Relative Scores
Normalized Scores
Target Nominal Values
Start Provisioning
Provisioning
Client
Close ProvSession
Open ProvSession
Authenticate new session
<<include>>
Update DB
Send MM Message
Send IDBC response back to
client
<<include>>
<<include>>
<<include>>
Check load condition<<include>>
<<include>>
Experiments run HA
HLR to measure
impact of factors
on provisioning rate
Transfer function found by
statistics analysis indicates
which factor impacts the
provisioning rate and on this
basis identifes scenarios
where max prov can be
supported.
200
72.5
70.0
67.5
65.0
62.5
60.0
57.5
55.0
Roamers
Mean
100
800
of subs
Number
Number of subs andRoamers
393100
80
70
60
50
40
MM Rate
Mean
100
800
of subs
Number
Number of subs andMMRate
200
80
70
60
50
40
30
Roamers
Mean
100
393
Rate
MM
MMRate andRoamers
393100 200
80
60
40
80
60
40
Number of subs
MM Rate
Roamers
100
800
of subs
Number
100
393
MM Rate
Number of subs, Roamers andMMRate
House of Quality is
build to identify
most critical
customer need.
decompose
requirement
into its
functional
pieces
13. Business Case
•There are close to 112 HLR deployment across the globe which comprises of iDEN, Harmony and
Melody releases. Existing implementation do not have any mechanism to control or monitor the
provisioning flow. HLR provisioning performance remains same even when box resources are under
utilized or box experiences load conditions. This project addresses this issue and provides a solution
for optimizing provisioning performance to be implemented in new releases.
•Field issues due to high provisioning rate ( than recommended) are escalated to development for
analysis. The solution will monitor the rate and send alarm for high provisioning, thus reducing the
number of such field cases escalated to DART or development. In 2008, 4 field cases out of total 13,
were investigated for high provisioning rate by development
•Working on this project will reduce the field support and improve customer satisfaction.
Opportunity Statement
Potential gains from this solution :
•Key focus of the project will be to identify critical parameters affecting customer’s provisioning
performance.
•Results will enable development team to implement improved provisioning performance in new
releases.
•Implemented monitoring solution in future releases will reduce number of field cases. Each of these
cases are complex in nature and consume lots of effort, this will approximately reduce support effort
by 25%.
•In some cases customer stresses the system beyond recommended rate. By completing this project
we can make the system more robust and better handle customer business.
What pain are you currently experiencing :
•Under utilized provisioning performance.
•No mechanism to control provisioning flow.
•Many HLR field cases (NPR) are root caused to higher provisioning rate resulting in other functiona
issues. In 2008, 8 out of 16 and in 2009 7 out of 20 were investigated for HPR. Each of these cases a
complex in nature and consume lots of effort.
•Sometimes customer stresses the system beyond prescribed limit, it causes issues which impacts
system functioning.
Goal Statement
Use DFSS tools/techniques :
•To identify critical parameters based on customer's provisioning performance needs.
•To analyze architecture, create a performance model that predicts provisioning performance.
•To identify and maximize highest provisioning rate which can be supported hence better meeting with
customer need.
•Performance Model should predict the following metrics :
1. System Capacity : Typically indicated by provisioning capacity
Project Scope
The scope of the project :
•Analyze provisioning performance parameters from customer need perspective.
•Identify product risk and mitigate it.
•Enhance product robustness.
•Specify DOEs, perform analysis and make provisioning performance predictions
Project Plan
Plan Start Plan End Actual End
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
•Requirement Development
and CP Identification 07/06/2009 08/31/2009 08/31/09
•Documented Risk Analysis
and Initial transfer function 09/01/2009 10/30/2009 11/31/10
•DOE Plan, Execute
and analyze) 03/01/2010 03/31/2010 03/31/10
•Lesson Learned and
Project closure 03/31/2010 04/23/2010 04/23/10
Team
Role Name Expertise
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sponsor HLR Box Manager
Champion Engineering Manager
Team Leader Srivastava Praveen GB Candidate
Team Member HLR Architecture
Team Member Bangalore DSS support
DSS Consultants Black belt
DSS Consultants Master Black belt
Technical Lead HLR/DAP/SSC Box Manager
14. Phase Green Belt Deliverables DFSS Tools
Project Definition SDFSS Charter Charter
Requirements VOC, Requirements Development
and Analysis
QFD, UML Use Case,
Cognition Cockpit
Requirements Perform and document Critical
Parameter flow down and analysis,
Critical Parameter Tree,
Cognition Cockpit.
Requirements Documented risk analysis FMEA
Requirements Perform Initial transfer function. Critical Parameter Tree,
Cognition Cockpit.
15. HLR Provisioning requirements IR
Minimize number of HLR provisioning related field cases 9
Maximize HLR supported provisioning rate 4
Minimize load shedding duration in case of exceeded provisioning rate 8
Minimize service impact if provisioning operator stresses the system. 10
Maximize HLR provisioning transaction information 3
Minimize failed provisioning transactions 6
Minimize DVLR and HLR not in synch issues due to high provisioning rate 8
Minimize time taken to root cause the issue to high provisioning rate 8
Had multiple interaction with technical team and DART (Support
Team) to arrive at the requirements and importance rating.
16. First House Of Quality for Project HLR Provisioning Project
Rating Links Legend
H (9) = High Effect
M (3) = Medium Effect
L (1) = Low Effect
0 = No Effect
Roof Links Legend
Equal Effect: =
No Effect: 0 or Blank String
Relative Effect: +, ++, -, --
Direction of Goodness Legend
Increases Customer Satisfaction: +
Decreases Customer Satisfaction: -
On Target For Customer Satisfaction: 0 or Blank String
9 H H L
4 H M
8 M H M M
10 H M M
3 H M
6 M H M
8 M H M H
8 H M M M
153 105 240 108 108 51 42 18 96 54
15.7% 10.8% 24.6% 11.1% 11.1% 5.2% 4.3% 1.8% 9.8% 5.5%
6 4 10 4 4 2 2 1 4 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
System Requirements
Direction Of Goodness
Voice of Customer, VOC's
Importance
HLRwillsendIDBCwarningandOMC
alarmifrateisexceeded
HLRwillcontrolincomimgprovisioning
flow
HLRwilloptimizeMMtaskandcpu
utilizationforprovisioningrequests
HLRwillcomeoutofloadconditionas
soonaspossible
Failedprovisioningtransationwillbere-
tried.
Detailedprovisioningtransaction
informationwillbecollectedandsored
IDBCerrorandsuccessresponseswill
havemoreinformation
HLRwillsupportfewerprovisioning
transactionsunderloadconditions.
HLRwilladdadditionallocalalarmsfor
intermidiateconditions.
FailedMMmessageswillberetried
Minimize number of HLR provisioning related field
cases
Maximize HLR supported provisioning rate
Minimize load shedding duration in case of exceeded
provisioning rate
Minimize service impact if provisioning operator
stresses the system.
Maximize HLR provisioning transaction information
Minimize failed provisioning transactions
Minimize DVLR and HLR not in synch issues due to
high provisioning rate
Minimize time taken to root cause the issue to high
provisioning rate
Units
Scoring Totals
Relative Scores
Normalized Scores
Target Nominal Values
17. Critical Parameter
Provisioning Rate of HLR Application is identified
as critical parameter.
Provisioning operator controls the flow of provisioning
rate.
Incoming provisioning messages impacts HLR functional
capabilities.
18. • Preconditions:
– HLR is up and running
– Provisioning client is connected and ready to send provisioning transactions.
– DAP is sending MM messages to HLR for call processing.
• Actor(s):
– Provisioning client
– Dispatch application processor ( DAP)
– Operations and Maintenance control (OMC)
• Flow of Events:
1. Provisioning user starts a sessions by sending a login requests to HLR.
2. Provisioning server on HLR authenticates the session and allow user to login.
3. Provisioning client sends a provisioning requests over tcp/ip.
4. Provisioning server validates the request and parse it.
5. Provisioning server checks the load conditions on the box and send a IDBC messages for database
updates. Underlying database APIS are called to update the database..
6. Provisioning server determines if requests requires an unsolicited messages to be send to DAP. Mobility
management (MM) messages is send to MM tasks for dap communication. MM task generates the
unsolicited request to DAP depending upon it retry and pending queue.
7. Provisioning server receives ack from DB and MM task and send a success response to provisioning client.
8. End of use case
• Post Conditions:
1. HLR database is updated with new provisioning information.
2. DAP’S VLR is updated and synched with HLR database.
3. Provisioning client receives a success response with success code.
19. • Alternate Flow #1: HLR rejects the new provisioning session requests
1. HLR is already under load conditions and new provisioning session service is not supported.
2. Provisioning client is send an error response and provisioning requests can not be initiated.
3. End of Alternate Flow # 1
◦ Post Conditions Alternate Flow #1:
1. An IDBC error response is send to client.
• Alternate Flow #2: The Database updates fail.
1. A critical alarm is generated and send to HLR alarm logs.
2. Provisioning server is send an error response which in turns generate an error response and send to provisioning
client.
3. No unsolicited MM message is send to DAP.
◦ Post Conditions Alternate Flow #2:
1. An IDBC error response is send to client.
2. A critical local alarm is send to HLR application alarm logs.
• Alternate Flow #3: The Unsolicited MM messages are blocked by other messages in retry/pending queue.
1. Success ack is sent to provisioning server which in turns send success IDBC ciode to provisioning client.
2. MM messages in kept in retry/pending and re tried at regular intervals through a separate procedure.
– Notes. Some times unsolicited MM messages are stuck in retry/pending queue due to other system
conditions such as few blocked messages for an IGW in the market. These messages remain in
retry/pending queue until the blocker messages are cleared. This some times may take even few days.
This condition creates a situation where DAP’s VLR and HLR are not in synch and may results in failed
subscriber registration.
◦ Post Conditions Alternate Flow #3
1. Unsolicited MM messages are tried at regular interval and till thes messages are cleared HLR and DAP’s VLR will not
be in synch.
20. Start Provisioning
Provisioning
Client
Close Prov Session
Open Prov Session
Authenticate new session
<<include>>
Update DB
Send MM Message
Send IDBC response back to
client
<<include>>
<<include>>
<<include>>
Check load condition<<include>>
<<include>>
21. • HLR Rejecting subscriber registration request
– If HLR is already under load condition due to busy hour
traffic, continuous flow of provisioning requests may
force HCPT to lose incoming provisioning requests.
– Provisioning at a rate higher than recommended rate
can fill retry/pending queue due to which subscribers
of that fleet have no Service for some time.
• HLR goes to load shedding
– If customer stresses the provisioning system, it can
cause HLR to load shed impacting other functionalities.
22.
23.
24. P- Diagram
CONTROL FACTORS
- Netowrk Bandwidth
- Connectivity
- MAP dialogue limitation
between DAP-HLR
External Comunication
- Database response time
- DB Application capability to
handle transactions
- Database centrice intensive
operations such as backup,
update stattistics, subscriber
reports etc.
Database Related
HLR is up and running
MM and CP messages
Provisioning Requests
SIGNAL
NOISE FACTORS
Higher Supported Provisioning Rate
Dynamic Provisioning threshold
Determination
RESPONSE
Hardware
----------------------
Number of CPUs
Available Memory
Processor
Ethernet capability
Software and Others
------------------------
MM Application
DB Application
Load levels
Number of subscribers
Webserver performance
Database performance
MM Rate
Load levels
HLR PROVISIONING PROJECT
HLR Supported Provisioning Rate
Unit - Message/Second
HLR Goes to load shedding
Can't Support higher rate
Failed Provisioning transactions
ERROR STATES
Those parameters that change with
deviations caused by process or
design.Unexpected Variation due to external
environment,internal, piece-to-piece, customer
usage, wear out)
What Errors , or failure modes are we likely to
see impact the ideal function performed as
a result of pottential "noise factor" interactions.
Here we conside the result of noise factors on
the ideal function.
The desired input signals
necessary to provide the
desired output. Causes the
system to deliver the user
intent
These are the customer intended
ideal functions. List all the positive
functions or the attributes from the
boundary diagram.System output that
determines the perceived result)
These are the design parameters whose
nominal values can be adjusted by the user
or programming modes in the software)
.
25. VOC related to CP
Initial Transfer Function :
Max Prov rate = f(MM_traffic, # of
subscribers,roamers)
29. • Design of Experiments conducted in Bangalore,
India Lab
• Experiments carried out on Melody HLR software
• Hardware and Software
– Dual Chassis ATCA (7880) blades with HLR Melody
version - SR18.00.17
– Sun based Provisioning Loader version – R13.06.00
– Sun Based Map loader – R12.00.04
– Results observed on Melody hardware are applicable to
iDEN (TS40) HLR.
30. • Critical Parameter:
– For the critical parameter understand factors affecting:
• Provisioning Rate
• To determine the factors that will be the main
effects on satisfying this requirement
• To determine the relationship between the
factors
• To identify the transfer function between the
factors and this requirement.
31. • Tests were done on a Melody HLR (ATCA 7880), bi
nodal setup in Bangalore iDEN lab. Provisioning
messages were sent to HLR using 2 provisioning
loaders. Provisioning rate is configurable from
loader. Mobility and Call Processing messages were
generated using map loader with standard load
profile for each scenario.
• Maximum supported provisioning rate without
sending HLR to loadshedding was determined using
this.
34. Number of subs
Roamers
MM Rate
800100
200200
393100393100393100393100
80
70
60
50
40
30
ProvisioningRate
Box Plot of Provisioning Rate
35. DOE Step 2 & 3: Create Model
Estimated Effects and Coefficients for Provisioning Rate (coded units)
Term Effect Coef SE Coef T P
Constant 61.66 0.1578 390.84 0
Number of subs -3.26 -1.63 0.1578 -10.33 0
MM Rate -29.47 -14.74 0.1578 -93.4 0
Roamers -12.05 -6.02 0.1578 -38.19 0
Number of subs*MM Rate -3.72 -1.86 0.1578 -11.79 0
Number of subs*Roamers 4.27 2.14 0.1578 13.54 0
MM Rate*Roamers -9.5 -4.75 0.1578 -30.11 0
Number of subs*MMRate*Roamers 2.73 1.36 0.1578 8.65 0
S = 0.631056 PRESS = 12.7434
R-Sq = 99.93% R-Sq(pred) = 99.72% R-Sq(adj) = 99.87
1.Significant factors have p-value < .05
2. Model is good because R-Sq and R-Sq (adjusted) has difference
of less than 10%
36. ABC
A
AB
AC
BC
C
B
9080706050403020100
Term
Standardized Effect
2.31
A Number of subs
B MM Rate
C Roamers
Factor Name
Pareto Chart of the Standardized Effects
(response is Provisioning Rate, Alpha = .05)
MM Rate is most significant factor followed by Roamers and then
followed by MM Rate and Roamer interactions.
37. 0-25-50-75-100
99
95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Standardized Effect
Percent
A Number of subs
B MM Rate
C Roamers
Factor Name
Not Significant
Significant
Effect Type
ABC
BC
AC
AB
C
B
A
Normal Plot of the Standardized Effects
(response is Provisioning Rate, Alpha = .05)
Significant effects are further away from the line in Normal Probability Plot
and marked in red
38. Source DF Seq SS Adj SS Adj MS F P
Main Effects 3 4097.39 4097.39 1365.80 3429.65 0.000
2-Way Interactions 3 489.46 489.46 163.15 409.70 0.000
3-Way Interactions 1 29.78 29.78 29.78 74.79 0.000
Residual Error 8 3.19 3.19 0.40
Pure Error 8 3.19 3.19 0.40
Total 15 4619.82
Since p value for main effect and 2 way interaction and 3 way
interaction is < 0.05. All are significant.
40. Term Coef
Constant 82.3497
Number of subs 0.00474676
MM Rate -0.0398537
Roamers 0.217479
Number of subs*MM Rate -6.28961E-05
Number of subs*Roamers -
4.57326E-05
MM Rate*Roamers -0.00444015
Number of subs*MM Rate*Roamers 2.66090E-
06
Estimated Coefficients for Provisioning Rate using data in uncoded units
Y= Predicted Provisioning Rate, Number of subs = s, MM rate = m and Roamer (%) =
r
Y = 82.3497 +0.00474*s -0.03895*m +0.2174*r - 0.0000628*s*m- .0000457*s*r- 0.0044*m*r +
.0000266*s*m*r
Transfer Function :
43. • Pareto chart shows that MM Rate ( mobility & call processing
message) has most significant effect on provisioning rate
supported by HLR.
• The next significant factor is percentage of roamers. More the
roamer percentage, less the provisioning capability.
• Interaction of MM rate rate and roamer is next is list and has
significant effect on provisioning rate. A minimum of both MM
rate and roamer percentage will yield maximum supported rate at
any given point of time.
• Number of subscribers and in 3 way Interactions between factors
do not impact the HLR provisioning capability significantly.
• However, number of mm & cp messages will be generally driven
by registration requests which in turn is directly related to
number of active subscribers in the HLR db, number of active
subs in database does impact the provisioning capability
indirectly. Inactive subscribers do not impact provisioning
capability.
44. • Total number of mm & cp messages are driven by
number of registrations and number of SRI requests.
We know that at times mm and cp messages are
less when compared to busy hour rate, for example
during :
– Maintenance window ( 41.00 registration per sec)
– 7-9 AM Registration Period (83.33 registration per sec )
• During such times, HLR can support more
provisioning transactions. Model predicts peak
provisioning factor for each such scenario depending
on the mm & cp messages and roamers present in
the market.
45. • Provisioning Model
• Y = 82.3497 +0.00474*s -0.03895*m +0.2174*r - 0.0000628*s*m- .0000457*s*r- 0.0044*m*r + .0000266*s*m*r
• Where
– Y = Supported Provisioning Rate per second.
– m = mm and cp messages per sec
– r = percentage of roamers
– s = number of subscribers in K
• According to provisioning model, Maintenance window represented by 41.67
registration per second with 20 % roaming, will have provisioning peak factor as
2.0 and can support upto 15 msg per second. This is verified in Box test lab using
maintenance window load profile.
• HA HLR supported busy hour provisioning profile is benchmarked for market
conditions as 7.3 msg per sec where as lab throughput for busy hour is 36.16 mgs
per sec. To get supported provisioning rate in market condition a factor of
36.14/7.3 = 4.94 is used.
• The iDEN markets are informed through a revised bulletin issued to the marked
based on DOE results. This will help them to better plan their high provisioning
needs during maintenance window or at a time when mm traffic is minimum
46. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA):
Risk Category /
Item
Potential Failure Mode / Effects Potential Effects of Failure (What is
the impact on the customer?)
Risk
Priority
Number
(RPN)
Recommended Action
RiskPriority
Customer impact
due to high
provisioning rate.
High provisoning rate might cause
large number of un-solicited
messages initiated for the DAP.
For example modify subs or modify
fleet will generate ISD and IFD
HLR may "lose" in incoming
registration requests impacting
subscriber service. 45
1)Inform operator about the
HLRs capacity to support
maximum provisioning rate.
So that they do not exceed
the recommended rate.
Also intimate markets of
the window when maximum
proviosning rate can be
exceeded. Based on this
information market can
defer theit high provisioning
needs to such window. 24
(Revised)
Page: 1 of 1
Results
Software Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
Product:iHLR Provisioning Project FMEA Date: Dec 17, 2010
FMEA Team Members: Praveen,HLR Development Team
Risk Before RPN After RPN
Service Impact 45 24
Functionalty Impact 36 20
Double click on the sheet to see the entire sheet
47. • DOE results prove that HLR can supports
higher provisioning rate during maintenance
window and other times when mm rate is low.
• Defer High proviosning rate activities to
maintenance window or other time when HLR
is handling lower MM rate.
• Based on DOE analysis, future HLR releases
can implement provisioning flow control and
alarm mechanism to warn operator , if
maximum supported rate is exceeded.
48. • In 2008, 16 field cases were investigated by HLR development with 12.89 SM
effort, out of these, 8 were investigated from high provisioning rate angle with
5.97 SM effort.
• In 2009, 20 field cases were investigated by HLR development with 15.08 SM
effort , out of these, 7 were investigated from high provisioning rate angle with
7.80 SM effort .
• So, in 2008 and 2009 alone at least 13.87 SM effort was spent on understanding
high provisioning rate for field cases. Rough estimate for implementing
provisioning model and recommendations like high provisioning rate warning
alarm and throttling mechanism is close to 3.5 SM.
• We could have saved at least 8-10 SM in 2 years by 1) Preventing high
provisioning rate field cases from occurring 2) Straightaway ruling out high
provisioning rate involvement in field case analysis
• Note – MOL effort used in the analysis does NOT include CNRC/DART effort for
field case investigation. These teams also investigate issue along with
development and log almost similar effort. If we add dart/cnrc efforts, overall
saving will be much more than this.
49. • Tests were run in BT environment to measure supported provisioning rate during maintenance window and 7-
9 AM registration period.
• Maintenance Window Profile
– Number of subs = 800 k
– Registration Rate = 41.67 per second
– mm and CP messages = 118 per second
– Roamers = 20 %
– Predicted Rate using Model = 72.93
– Prorated Provisioning Rate = 14.75
– Actual = 73.44
– Actual Prorated Provisioning Rate = 14.94
• 7 – 9 AM Registration Period
– Number of subs = 800 k
– Registration Rate = 83.33 per second
– mm and CP messages = 237.49 per second
– Roamers = 20 %
– Predicted Rate using Model = 57.01
– Prorated Provisioning Rate = 11.53
– Actual = 65
– Actual Prorated Provisioning Rate = 13.53
• All the Values measured during verification Testing for supported provisioning rate are close to the Upper
95% Prediction interval. This validates the predictive provisioning model
50. • The iDEN markets are informed through a
revised bulletin based on DOE results on
April 23,2010.
51. From: Tewinkle Steve-EST002
Sent: Monday, June 28, 2010 8:24 PM
To: Tchon Scott-CST013
Cc: Srivastava Praveen-a23098; Kumar Taleki Prasanna-a22694; Daniels Thomas-CTD040
Subject: FW: : Green belt Project - success criterion and value statement - minutes
Scott,
Please find my value statement below for Praveen's Green Belt project:
The SDFSS Green Belt project that was done by Praveen for iHLR provisioning has identified improvements that can be made both
short and long term that will have positive impact on HLR Provisioning in terms of performance, capacity, and reduced overall
Support. Praveen's analysis was very thorough, data driven, and Customer focused. The benefits we can get from this project
are:
- This project identified the critical parameters that impact HLR provisioning as MM Rate and Roamer Percentages and
based on this finding, we are able to recommend to the Customer that they can increase their maintenance window provisioning
rate
from 7 to 15 msgs per second. This increased rate has already been documented in field bulletin and delivered to market in
April 2010.
- Implementation of a new provisioning throttling mechanism that would regulate provisioning flow, warn the operator
when maximum supported rate is being exceeded, and help reduce # of field related cases due to high provisioning rate. This will
be proposed as a new iHLR feature for an upcoming system release.
- This project also will serve as a model for other iDEN teams to follow when faced with similar type of issues, etc on their
box
Overall, Praveen did an outstanding job in approaching this project and his efforts will definitely result in improvements to the
provisioning process and reductions in field reported provisioning cases in the future.
Steve
52. – The HLR’s provisioning capacity is a function of MM rate and
Roamer’s percentage.
– Predictive model’s ability to dynamically determine maximum
supported provisioning rate can be used to -
• Implement throttling mechanism to regulate provisioning flow.
• Implement warning ( alarm ) mechanism, so that provisioning
operator can slow down if maximum supported provisioning rate is
reached.
– These two implementations alone will enhance robustness and
save substantial MOL effort.
– This is proposed for SR21 as a candidate feature by the Box
Manager (Steve T)
53. • What went well:
– Efficient Simulation Model development
– CPM Flow-down and engagement of stakeholders in identifying
critical parameters
– Applying the results of DOE and issuance of revised bulletin to
customer on provisioning rate
– Engagement of product team, field support team and box
management since start of the project.
• What could have gone better:
– Do brainstorms and interviews direct with Customer
• Things I would do different in the future:
– Work with champion and sponsor to ensure engagement of all
stakeholders in decision making at critical milestones
55. • Service Impact (Original Text)
– If provisioning transaction rates are exceeded discrepancies may occur between DLVR and iHLR
database or iHLR pending / retry queues may contain stuck transactions. Field case occurred on a
TDAP that experienced registration issues due to exhaustion of internal fleet provisioning buffers.
• Service Impact (Changed)
– If provisioning system is stressed and transaction rates exceed the published rate, following may
be observed:
• Discrepancies may occur between DLVR and iHLR database
• iHLR pending / retry queues may contain stuck transactions.
• Provisioning transactions might fail due to database lock error etc.
• iHLR can go to load shedding either due to high cpu utilization or filled hcpt queue
• For example a field case occurred on a TDAP that experienced registration issues due to exhaustion of internal
fleet provisioning buffers.
• Note: (Original Text)
– At times a higher provisioning throughput rates may be realized while the HAiHLR is not under
critical load but to eliminate possible issues it is recommended that these published rates be
followed.
• Note: (Changed)
– Note: It is recommended that these published rates be followed to avoid issues. However, HLR
supported provisioning rate is a function of mobility & call processing message rate and number
of roamers in the market. Again, above message rate depends on registration requests to the HLR.
A higher provisioning throughput may be realized while the HA HLR is not under critical load and
processing less messages than compared to busy hour traffic. For example, during maintenance
window with a provisioning peaking factor 2, HLR can support up to two times of following
profile.