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Sistema Compartit a l'ICOLC
The document discusses the potential of new integrated library systems (ILS) and discovery tools to enhance library cooperation, improve services, and create cost savings for consortia. Examples include centralized cataloging and interlibrary loan systems that increase access to resources, while emphasizing the importance of collaboration in achieving efficiency. It raises questions about the effectiveness of these new tools in enhancing discoverability and embedding library resources within research workflows.
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Sistema Compartit a l'ICOLC
- 1. Sharing your library New ILS and discovery tools are an opportunity for consortia Lluís Anglada, Ramon Ros, Marta Tort CBUC (CSUC) ICOLC Europe Meeting 2014 Lisboa, October 21th
- 2. Sharing your library New ILS and discovery tools are an opportunity for consortia Lluís Anglada, Ramon Ros, Marta Tort CBUC (CSUC) ICOLC Europe Meeting 2014 Lisboa, October 21th
- 3. Sharing your library cooperation and new software tools are an opportunity to improve library services Lluís Anglada, Ramon Ros, Marta Tort CBUC (CSUC) ICOLC Europe Meeting 2014 Lisboa, October 21th
- 4. A short preamble • “Cooperation between libraries has always been considered a Good Thing, like belief in God and motherhood. However, belief in God is by no means universal , and a great deal more effort is nowadays spent on trying to avoid motherhood than on trying to achieve it. Similarly, library cooperation is something to which much lip-service is paid but which is practised relatively rarely, and when it is practised is rarely effective”. – Maurice B. Line, "Is Cooperation a Good Thing?." 1979 IATUL Proceedings http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iatul/1979/papers/1 • When cooperation is effective? – Usefulness: When is able to create useful service (a new one that we could not create alone) – Savings: When it allow us to save money (money that we can redirect to improve services)
- 5. News ILS anddiscovery tools are an opportunity for consortia • How old tools has been an opportunity to increase library cooperation – The traditions union catalogues and their evolution – The traditional ILL and their evolution • Are the new tools really new and really tools? • How new tools could be an opportunity to increase library cooperation – Union catalogues and shared system – Shared collections and maximize discoverability
- 6. The consortia predecessors:library networks • They where born to share costs (= computer) – OCLC (and ILLINET, MINITEX, NELINET) – PICA – Regional library systems in UK (as Scolcap in Scotland) – Bibsys (Norway) – … • They created – Union catalogues and – ILL services
- 7. Union catalogues •Good in Usefulness – Bibliographic information improves – More discovery to your collections • Good in indirect savings – Copy cataloging !!! • To catalogue in Catalan university libraries could cost 3.310.281,00 € more without the union catalogue CCUC. • But, also, very complex and costly to create. Traditionally you needed: • A dedicated machine • To create the union DDBB additionally to the local ones • To use the same system
- 8. CBUC scenario before2005 Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server We used to have this… but eleven times! Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server Local database: VTLS Local IT staff Local server
- 9. CBUC scenario after2005 Local databases: Millennium Central CBUC IT staff Centralized server We centralized local catalogs but also offered new services (Clúster, SFX, Metalib, PUC, etc.) SFX and Millennium Central CBUC IT staff Centralized server Clúster Central CBUC IT staff Centralized server We save 552.112 € anually, on • IT staff • Hardware purchasing and maintenance • Software licensing
- 10. Interlibrary loan (alsocalled ‘resource sharing’) • Good in Usefulness – Users can get more books – Library offer increases • Good in indirect savings (?) – You have not to buy all that the users ask for • But, also, very complex and costly to create. Traditionally you needed: – Library agreements – Mail delivery – Another software, usually independent from ILS – Library staff (because is a mediated service)
- 11. PUC, the consortialborrowing (using an old tool) • PUC in Catalan means I can do that • It began in late 2011 • It is patron initiated • It is a free service • PUC allows students, faculty, and staff to easily search and request library materials owned by member libraries • Every member library agrees to follow the same procedures and policies • It allows to make the request directly from the CCUC union catalog interface (no ILL services intermediation)
- 12. PUC, the consortialborrowing From 2010 to 2013: 67% increase! ILL ILL PUC PUC PUC PUC Requests 2010 Requests 2011 Requests 2012 Requests 2013 Requests 2014 (Jan- Sep) 30,436 32,761 45,726 50,837 37,542 ILL+ PUC start ILL extend the access to the library collection, and consortial borrowing extend the access to the library collection even more!
- 13. News ILS anddiscovery tools are an opportunity for consortia • How old tools has been an opportunity to increase library cooperation – The traditions union catalogues and their evolution – The traditional ILL and their evolution • Are the new tools really new and really tools? – From ILS to LSP – From OPAC to DT • How new tools cold be an opportunity to increase library cooperation – Union catalogues and shared system – Shared collections and maximize discoverability
- 14. Are the newsystems really new? From ILS to LSP • Marshall Breeding (Library Systems report 2014) – Form ILS to Library services platforms (LSP) – OCLC Worldshare Management System, ALMA (Ex-Libris), Sierra (Innovative), Spydus 9 (Civica), Kuali OLE, Open Skies (VTLS), Intota (Serials Solutions) • Main features of the Next Generation ILS: – They manage the whole library, specially the electronic content – They work with different metadata formats at the same time: MARC, DC, DCQ, METS, etc. – Cloud based – Designed for a high cooperation and reuse – Multitenant – They are not closed systems, they are platforms where to build apps on top of
- 15. Multitenancy • Multitenancy(Wikipedia) – software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple tenants. – A tenant is a group of users sharing the same view on a software they use. – … multitenant architecture … provide every tenant a dedicated share of the instance... – Multitenancy contrasts with multi-instance architectures where separate software instances operate on behalf of different tenants. • Multitenancy in Twitter – You: @lluisanglada – Your group: following – A topic: #libraries
- 16. Are the newsystems really new? Form OPAC to DT • OPACs appear in the late '70, and they changed the way how to discover library books. But, OPACs has never served 100% of the discovery needs of library users – For current awareness (usually better serve for DDBB) – For special collections (usually catalogued in separate fields) • Discovery Tools (DT) – Federated searches has been the first attempt for a tool that allows to discover between all articles of all the subscribed journals – The first to use this name was AquaBrowser (an improved OPAC) • “Provide a simple, intuitive search interface & Make catalog and local collections more discoverable” – Now they combine DT = mega index & filtering facilities that allow a single search for all the library resources (books, articles, and digital objects in digital repositories) • Summon (2009)
- 17. Where discovery happens? • ‘Discovery’ includes several functions or processes (*): – Known-item search = one seeks to locate a specific information resource already known through previous use, citation, or otherwise • known-item searches, = accessibility – Current awareness = stay up to date in their field • current awareness, = discoverability – Exploratory search = one seeks as-yet unknown information on some topic (*) Roger C. Schonfeld / Does discovery still happen In the library? : roles and strategies for a shifting reality // Ithaka S + R, 2014
- 18. 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Una base de dades especialitzada (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) Un motor de cerca a Internet (Bing, Google, Yahoo, etc.) El catàleg de la meva biblioteca Els prestatges de la meva biblioteca (col·leccions de llibres i revistes impreses) Percentatge CAT 2014 EUA 2012 current awareness library
- 19. 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Al catàleg o pàgina web de la biblioteca A una base de dades especialitzada (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) A un motor de cerca a Internet (Bing, Google, Yahoo, etc.) Un altre Percentatge CAT 2014 EUA 2012 UK 2012 library known-item searches
- 20. New needs (*) • The evolving scholarly record: Libraries acquire, organize, and provide stewardship of the scholarly record. Ongoing redefinition of the scholarly record will drive changes in library and publishing practice. – You need resources to create new services • The inside-out collection: The dominant library model has been outside-in, where materials are purchased or licensed from external sources and made available to a local audience. The inside-out model, where institutional materials (digitized special collections, research and learning materials, researcher expertise profiles, etc.) are shared with an external audience requires new ways of thinking. – You need to push your data out • Sourcing and scaling: Collections will be managed at several levels, above the institution as well as within it. Choices about the optimum level (institutional, consortial/group, regional, global) for management are becoming more common, as are decisions about how to source activities (collaborative, buy from third party, etc.). – You need resources from others (*) Dempsey, Lorcan, Constance Malpas, and Brian Lavoie. 2014. "Collection Directions: The Evolution of Library Collections and Collecting" portal: Libraries and the Academy 14,3 (July): 393-423.
- 21. The key question: Are new tools (LSP & DT) aligned with new needs? • Allow us to save resources? – yes • Allow us to improve the discovery of resources owned by the library? – yes • Improve the role of the library as starting point in a current awareness search? – Not clear (search has moved to the network level) • Makes more visible library resources? – No (not yet) • Allow us to embed library resources in research workflows? – No
- 22. News ILS anddiscovery tools are an opportunity for consortia • How old tools has been an opportunity to increase library cooperation – The traditions union catalogues and their evolution – The traditional ILL and their evolution • Are the new tools really new and really tools? • How new tools cold be an opportunity to increase library cooperation – Union catalogues – Shared system – Shared collections – Maximize discoverability
- 23. DT are avery cheap way to create union cataloguess BUCLE union catalogue (OCLC World Cat) Montana Academic Libraries (Ex-Librs Primo)
- 24. CBUC scenario after2005 Local databases: Millennium Central CBUC IT staff Centralized server We centralized local catalogs but also offered new services (Clúster, SFX, Metalib, PUC, etc.) SFX and Millennium Central CBUC IT staff Centralized server Clúster Central CBUC IT staff Centralized server We saved on: • IT staff • Hardware purchasing and maintenance • Software licensing
- 25. CBUC future sharedsystem Shared database on a Next Generation ILS Central CBUC IT staff SaaS based We do not expect to save much on: • IT staff • Hardware purchasing and maintenance • Software licensing Our goal: Increase productivity (= savings) a lot based on: • Simplifying duplicate tasks • New & improved workflows
- 26. Shared collection •Shared collections in digital world • Big deals for e- journals • Big deals for data bases • Big deals also for e- books ? • Shared collections in print world • Union catalogue • Consortial borrowing deals • Mail service • (storage facility)
- 27. 27/17 Shared collection = increase accessibility
- 29. Shared (print) collection • Jacob Nadal, ReCAP (Columbia U, NYPL; Princeton U): – “Our next major initiative is to turn ReCAP from a shared operation into a shared collection, giving each partner full access to more than 3 million additional items and providing a foundation for collaboration on major collecting efforts in the years ahead.” • Catherine Murray-Rust, Georgia Tech’s vice provost for learning excellence and dean of libraries – The collaboration between Georgia Tech and Emory University in Atlanta “aims to develop a shared collection between our two institutions, both retrospectively and prospectively,” Shared or collective collections
- 30. In many collections Outside, in Commodity A In few collections Licensed Purchased OCLC Collections Grid L Dempsey Distinctive Library as broker Maximise efficiency Then Low Stewardship High Stewardship Library as provider Maximise discoverability Inside, out Now
- 31. Inside, out =maximize discoverability = • In the transition from print world to digital world, the digital divide affects not only people, also documents – some documents are rare and fragile – a lot have not commercially interest – quite a lot are the memory of very few – … • Actions – first, localize and conserve – second, digitalize – third, expose (= maximize discoverability) • And to do this, cooperation is useful and save resources
- 38. • Maurice B.Line tells us that cooperation is sometimes like second marriages, which represent "the triumph of hope over experience”, and that “cooperation should not be undertaken unless it is likely to produce better results than would be achieved by other means” (3). • (3) Maurice B. Line “Co-operation: the triumph of hope over experience?”, • Interlending & document supply, 25 (1997) issue 2: 64-72.
- 39. A short afterword • Maurice B. Line tells us that cooperation is sometimes like second marriages, which represent "the triumph of hope over experience”, • and that “cooperation should not be undertaken unless it is likely to produce better results than would be achieved by other means” – Maurice B. Line “Co-operation: the triumph of hope over experience?”, Interlending & document supply, 25 (1997) issue 2: 64-72 • There are two measures for the effectiveness of the cooperation: – if it is able to create useful service, and – if it is able to save money
- 40.
Editor's Notes
- #5 Maurice B. Line “Co-operation: the triumph of hope over experience?”,.
- #7 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLC Bearing the Cost[edit] The cost of implementing OCLC in the late 1960s was extraordinarily high by today's standards. Computers cost millions of dollars and software was measured in KLOCS (thousands of lines of code). No history is complete without an explanation of from where this money came. At the time, university libraries around the country were constructing central libraries and shutting down their branch libraries—mathematics, biology, etc. The Ohio State University had an unusually large collection, spread out over a very large campus (there are currently 27 branch libraries), and an outside consulting company was hired to compare the cost of building a central library to creating an online catalog, which would alleviate the need for a central library (and make some of the faculty happier.) The consulting company's report said that the costs would be more or less the same, but that an online catalog offered the possibility of selling that service to other libraries for profit, and so the decision to create OCLC was made. The consulting company had in mind a commercial venture, and this may even have briefly happened for out-of-State libraries. The OCLC idea was already being tossed around, but this gave the State of Ohio the necessary funding justification.
- #8 3.1 CCUC El CCUC proporciona uns beneficis de 3.310.281,00 €. Aquests provenen de considerar quin seria el cost de catalogar els documents que actualment cataloguen les biblioteques del CBUC si no poguessin copiar registres tal com els permet fer-ho el CCUC. De les dades de catalogació per còpia es considera que un 30% serien igualment catalogacions per còpia sense el CCUC. Es considera que la diferència entre les catalogacions que es fan i aquest 30% són les catalogacions per còpia que facilita el CCUC.
- #17 The genre of web-scale discovery services has seen vigorous development and competition since about 2009. These products rely on a massive centralized index populated by the universe of content products to which libraries subscribe, open access materials, and local resources such as those managed through its ILS. Major products include ProQuest Summon, Primo and Primo Central from Ex Libris, EBSCO Discovery Service, and OCLC’s WorldCat Local. Library Systems Report 2014 Posted Tuesday, April 15, 2014 - 20:13 Competition and strategic cooperation By Marshall Breeding http://www.americanlibrariesmagazine.org/article/library-systems-report-2014
- #19 But search has moved to the network level, and whether it is through Google’s Search, Scholar, or Books services, Wikipedia, or a variety of other tools, a higher share of academic discovery than ever before is routed around, rather than through, the library. Does discovery still happen In the library? : roles and strategies for a shifting reality / Roger C. Schonfeld // Ithaka S + R, 2014 A recent survey of teachers and researchers from the universities of Catalonia showed that half of the respondents went first to a specialized database to start a literature search; the second option was Internet search engines (30%), followed by the library catalogue (17%) and the option of physically visiting the library, a residual 3% (Borrego, 2014).
- #20 Taula 11. Fonts emprades per consultar un document per al qual ja es disposa d’una referència Respostes % Al catàleg o pàgina web de la biblioteca 915 40,0 A una base de dades especialitzada (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) 757 34,1 A un motor de cerca a Internet (Bing, Google, Yahoo, etc.) 578 21,2 Altres 64 2,8 Aquests resultats són coincidents amb els registrats als Estats Units, amb percentatges idèntics d’utilització del catàleg i, a l’inrevés del que ocorria a la pregunta anterior, una menor preferència per les bases de dades bibliogràfiques en benefici d’una utilització lleugerament superior dels motors de cerca. Al Regne Unit s’observa que el recurs més utilitzat són les bases de dades especialitzades, per sobre del catàleg de la biblioteca, mentre que els motors de cerca tenen un percentatge d’adeptes idèntic a l’observat a Catalunya.
- #21 Dempsey, Lorcan, Constance Malpas, and Brian Lavoie. 2014. "Collection Directions: The Evolution of Library Collections and Collecting" portal: Libraries and the Academy 14,3 (July): 393-423. The evolving scholarly record: Libraries acquire, organize, and provide stewardship of the scholarly record. Ongoing redefinition of the scholarly record will drive changes in library and publishing practice. You need resources to create new services The inside-out collection: The dominant library model has been outside-in, where materials are purchased or licensed from external sources and made available to a local audience. The inside-out model, where institutional materials (digitized special collections, research and learning materials, researcher expertise profiles, etc.) are shared with an external audience requires new ways of thinking. You need to push your data out Sourcing and scaling: Collections will be managed at several levels, above the institution as well as within it. Choices about the optimum level (institutional, consortial/group, regional, global) for management are becoming more common, as are decisions about how to source activities (collaborative, buy from third party, etc.). You need resources from others Noves possibilitats Lsp Dt Noves necessitats Menys cost Alliberar recursos Dedicar-se a dades i no a gestionar dades Reptes futur Col·leccions especials Cua llarga per a paper Informar de dades pròpies Suport recerca
- #22 online and through improved instructional offerings. But search has moved to the network level, and whether it is through Google’s Search, Scholar, or Books services, Wikipedia, or a variety of other tools, a higher share of academic discovery than ever before is routed around, rather than through, the library.
- #24 New system provides access to collections of 14 academic libraries in Montana through one search September 24, 2014 -- MSU News Service http://www.montana.edu/news/15107/new-system-provides-access-to-collections-of-14-academic-libraries-in-montana-through-one-search
- #30 Lizanne Payne / Winning the Space Race: Expanding collections and services with shared depositories // American libràries, Posted Tuesday, September 23, 2014 - 16:00 http://www.americanlibrariesmagazine.org/article/winning-space-race Understanding the Collective Collection: Towards a System-wide Perspective on Library Print Collections / An OCLC Research Report by: Lorcan Dempsey, Brian Lavoie, Constance Malpas, Lynn Silipigni Connaway, Roger C. Schonfeld, JD Shipengrover, and Günter Waibel With an introduction by Lorcan Dempsey, The Emergence of the Collective Collection: Analyzing Aggregate Print Library Holdings Key highlights: Interest in shared print strategies has had several drivers: Google Books; the digital turn: changing patterns of research and learning; the opportunity costs of current use of space; efficient access to materials; and a general move to collaboration. The network turn is leading to changes in the focus, boundaries and value of library collections. Libraries and the organizations that provide services to them are devoting more attention to system-wide organization of collections—whether the "system" is a consortium, a region or a country. Libraries are beginning to evolve arrangements that facilitate long-term shared management of the print literature as individual libraries begin to manage down their local capacity. A system-wide perspective signals a real shift in emphasis. A range of first-ever calculations providing quantitative estimates and analyses of the system-wide collection. For example, ". . . given any two Google 5 libraries—or, if the Google 5 results can be extrapolated to a larger context, given any two large research libraries—eight out of ten books in their combined collections will be unique." (p. 43) ". . . post-1923 materials collectively account for more than 80 percent, or about 12.6 million, of the US-published print books in WorldCat." (p. 73) "If the current growth trajectory of the HathiTrust Digital Library is sustained, we can project that more than 60% of the retrospective print collections held in ARL libraries will be duplicated in the shared digital repository by June 2014." (p. 80) For ARL libraries, cost avoidance of $500,000 to $2 million per year and space savings of more than 45,000 assignable square feet could be achieved through shared print provision. (p. 81)
- #31 CollectionDirections: Towards the collective (print) collection
- #40 Maurice B. Line “Co-operation: the triumph of hope over experience?”,.
- #41 langlada@gmail.com @lluisanglada