Sip for mobile applications
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SIP provides solutions for three types of mobility: terminal, personal, and service mobility. For terminal mobility, SIP uses proxies and redirects to handle pre-call mobility and re-INVITES for mid-call mobility as a terminal moves networks. For personal mobility, SIP allows a single address to be accessed from multiple devices through registration and redirection. For service mobility, SIP keeps services like voicemail and call forwarding associated with a user's account rather than a specific device.
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This document discusses vulnerabilities in VoIP networks that use SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). It describes how an attacker could use automated tools like the Viproy VoIP Penetration Testing Kit to discover SIP services, brute force credentials, spoof calls, bypass billing and CDR systems, launch denial of service attacks, and abuse trust relationships between SIP servers and gateways. The document cautions that while administrators may think their VoIP networks are isolated and secure, basic attacks are actually quite easy to carry out with the right tools.
1 VoIP Overview[1]
This document provides an overview of three common voice over IP protocols: SIP, H.323, and MGCP. It describes the basic architecture and components of SIP, including users agents, proxies, registrars, and how SIP establishes calls. It also summarizes H.323, describing its terminals, gateways, gatekeepers, and call establishment. MGCP is briefly mentioned as another VOIP protocol.
1 Vo Ip Overview
The document provides an overview of three common voice over IP protocols: SIP, H.323, and MGCP. It describes the basic architecture and components of SIP and H.323, how they establish communication sessions, and compares some of their key differences and strengths.
Support for Network-based User Mobility with LISP
LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol) allows separating a host's identifier (EID) from its locator (RLOC), enabling mobility as the user's RLOC can change without affecting the EID. The document proposes LISP-ROAM, a network-based solution using LISP to provide connection continuity for users roaming across Wi-Fi networks. It presents a 5-step process: 1) user authentication via RADIUS, 2) retrieving the user's EID, 3) local configuration, 4) retrieving the home Map-Server details, and 5) updating the user's location. This allows maintaining TCP connections using constant EIDs as the user's RLOC is dynamically updated. Performance
Scall
Android applications can use SIP protocol over GPRS data channels to enable encrypted voice communication between users. SIP allows for setting up voice calls and multimedia sessions between parties. The applications are written in Java and compiled to Dalvik bytecode to run optimally on Android's Linux operating system in a minimal memory footprint.
Mobile ip presentation
Mobile IP allows users to move between networks while maintaining the same IP address. It uses home and foreign agents and care-of addresses. A mobile node can register its care-of address with its home agent to receive packets when away from home. There are three main processes: agent discovery to find foreign agents, registration of the mobile node's care-of address with its home agent, and data transfer either via indirect routing through home and foreign agents or direct routing from correspondent nodes to the mobile node. Mobile IP supports host mobility across networks in a transparent manner without changing IP addresses.
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Sip for mobile applications
- 1. 1 SIP for Mobile Applications Henning Schulzrinne Dept. of Computer Science Columbia University New York, New York schulzrinne@cs.columbia.edu VON Developer’s Conference Summer 2000 (Boston) July 18, 2000 – The Road Ahead
- 2. 2 Overview ¯ mobility – more than just wireless terminals ¯ SIP for mobility ¯ SIP bake-off
- 3. 3 Mobility in an IP environment Terminal mobility: terminal moves between subnets Personal mobility: different terminals, same address Service mobility: keep same services while mobile
- 4. 4 Terminal mobility ¯ domain of IEEE 802.11, 3GPP, mobile IP, . . . ¯ main problems: – handover performance – handover failure due to lack of resources in new network – authentication of redirection
- 5. 5 Personal mobility tel:12015551234 alice@host.columbia.edu tel:12128541111 alice@columbia.edu Alice.McBeal@columbia.edu 7000@columbia.edu alice@columbia.edu alice17@yahoo.com (also used by bob@columbia.edu) yahoo.com columbia.edu
- 6. 6 Personal mobility ¯ switch between PDA, cell phone, PC, Ethernet phone, Internet appliance, . . . ¯ several “generic” addresses, one person/function, many terminals ¯ e.g., tel:2129397042, hgs@cs.columbia.edu, schulzrinne@yahoo.com or support@acme.com ¯ SIP is designed for that – proxying and redirection does translation ¯ but: need mapping mechanisms to recognize registrations as belonging to the same person ¯ some possible solutions: – dip into LDAP personnel database or /etc/passwd to match phone number and variations of name (J.Doe, John.Doe, Doe) – need dialing plan to recognize 7042@cs.columbia.edu and tel:2129397042 as same
- 7. 7 Service mobility Examples: ¯ speed dial & address book ¯ media preferences ¯ special feature buttons (voice mail, do-not-disturb) ¯ incoming call handling instructions ¯ buddy lists independent of terminal (including pay phone!), across providers
- 8. 8 Service mobility ¯ REGISTER can retrieve configuration information (e.g., speed dial settings, distinctive ringing or voice mail settings) ¯ but needs to be device-independent ¯ most such services (e.g., voicemail forwarding, call filtering) should remain on server(s) Separate issue: how does the payphone (or colleague’s phone) recognize you? ¯ PDA (IR) ¯ i-button ¯ fingerprint ¯ speech recognition, . . . One device, but changing set of owners!
- 9. 9 Service mobility – call handling ¯ need uniform basic service description model Call Processing Language (CPL) ¯ CPL = XML-based flow graph for inbound & outbound calls ¯ CPL for local call handling ¯ update CPL from terminal: add telemarketer to block list ¯ harder: synchronize CPL changes across multiple providers ¯ one possibility: REGISTER updates information, but device needs to know that it has multiple identities ¯ merging of call logs
- 10. 10 Terminal mobility – details ¯ move to new network « IP ad- dress changes (DHCP) ¯ mobile IP hides address changes ¯ but: little deployment ¯ encapsulation overhead ¯ dog-legged routing ¯ may not work with IP address filtering CN CH HA FA tunnelled datadata data data home network foreign network mobile host correspondent host router with home agent functionality router with foreign agent functionality MH CH HA HA MH MH
- 11. 11 SIP terminal mobility overview ¯ pre-call mobility « SIP proxy, redirect ¯ mid-call mobility « SIP re-INVITE, RTP ¯ recovery from disconnection
- 12. 12 SIP terminal mobility: pre-call ¯ MH acquires IP address via DHCP ¯ optional: MH finds SIP server via multicast REGISTER ¯ MH updates home SIP server ¯ optimization: hierarchical LR (later) CH redir 3 1 2 5 foreign network home network 4 mobile host correspondent host SIP redirect server MH CH redir 3 1 2 5 4 SIP INVITE SIP 302 moved temporarily SIP INVITE SIP OK data MH MH
- 13. 13 SIP terminal mobility: mid-call ¯ MH CH: new INVITE, with Contact and updated SDP ¯ re-registers with home regis- trar CH 1 3 2 foreign network home mobile host correspondent host SIP redirect server MH CH redir 3 1 2 SIP INVITE SIP OK data redir network MH MH MH
- 14. 14 SIP terminal mobility: multi-stage registration Don’t want to bother home registrar with each move Contact: alice@CA From: alice@NY Contact: 193.1.1.1 REGISTER INVITE Los Angeles San Francisco Contact: 192.1.2.3 From: alice@NY CA NY From: alice@NY
- 15. 15 SIP and mobility: issues ¯ doesn’t work for TCP applications – solutions: – punt: “don’t walk while telnet’ing” – application-layer awareness: restart web, email, ftp transfer – need for deep fade anyway. . . – NAT-style boxes controlled by SIP (see Telcordia ITSUMO project) ¯ but: works nicely for “vertical handoff” between different technologies - e.g., transfer call from mobile handset to office videophone when arriving at work
- 16. 16 Conclusion ¯ mobility is more than just wireless handsets ¯ terminal, personal and service mobility ¯ SIP enables all three, but likely to be hybrid solutions
- 17. 17 For more information... SIP: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip RTP: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/˜hgs/rtp Papers: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/IRT