The document provides information on beekeeping and precision apiculture. It discusses selecting an appropriate site for an apiary with suitable conditions. It also describes different types of beehives used in India and Italy. Precision apiculture aims to continuously monitor bees using sensors to measure temperature, humidity, sounds and other factors to analyze colony behavior and make management decisions. The technology could help detect issues like preswarming and queenlessness. Developing precision apiculture requires an interdisciplinary approach combining engineering, data analysis and beekeeping expertise.

2.  Attend the training classes on rearing of bees
 Read books, articles etc…
 Visit successive farmers to get practical
knowledge
 Initially with few colonies
 August-september is ideal for rearing of bees
 Colonies can be collected either from feral
colonies/Agricultural university/ Horticorp/
bee breeders etc….

3.  Plants providing sufficient amount of nectar& pollen
 Clean and protected from ants
 Avoid heaping up of dried leaves
 It should be away from power station, highways, rail
way tracks
 Open and shady areas are suitable for an apiary
 Facilities for transportation by road
 Availability of pure water

4.  The site should receive sun light in the early
morning& evening
 There should not be any commercial apiaries in
and around 3km from the site
 Avoid stagnation of polluted water
 It should be away from sugar factories..
 Prohibit the entry of animals near the
apiary
 Establishment of natural/artificial wind
brakes

5. Bee hive

6. Indian bee hive
 Stand- 1m long
 Bottom board-
(27.2cm,21.6cm,1.2cm)
 Brood chamber-
outer -
(26.2cm,21.4cm,16cm)
inner -(23.7cm,19cm,16cm)
 Super chamber-
(26.2cm,21.4cm,11cm)
 Top cover

7. (3.5cm,3cm)

8. Italian bee hive
 Top cover
Outer(53.5cm,45.2cm,18.8cm)
Inner(51cm,43cm)
Two holes with diameter 2cm&
thickness2.2cm is also seen on the
top cover.

9.  Disease free colonies only.
 High honey production ,
 Presence of healthy & youngest queen
 Good pollen collection
 Swarming , production of drones etc.. Should be less

10.  50-100 colonies can be placed in an apiary
 Keep a distance of 2-3m between the hives
3-6m between the rows
 Hives are kept facing eastward direction
 Bottom board should be smooth and leveled
 The hive is having a slanting appearance

11.  An apiary management strategy based on the
monitoring of individual bee colonies to
minimize resource consumption and maximize
the productivity of bees.

12. Objective
To develop real time on line tools for continuous monitoring
Of bees during their life and production using automatic
Solutions avoiding exposure of bees to additional stress or
Unproductive activities.

13.  Temperature – temperature sensors / infrared imaging
 Air humidity
 Gas content
 Sound
 Vibration of hive
 Counting of out going and incoming bees
 Video observation and weighing

14. Data
acquisition
Data
analysis
Decision
making

15. DECISION MAKING
Making some needed actions to impact or influence the
individual bee colony
DATA ANALYSIS
The bee colony behavior and different activity trends are
determined
DATA ACQUISITION
Applying sensor technologies to measure needed bee
parameters

16. 3 critical elements to the success….
 Information
 Technology
 Management

17. Advantages
Passive wintering period- temperature measurements are used for
detection of events like increased food consumption, start of brood
rearing or death of the colony.
Active summer period- to detect preswarming , queen less , brood less
And other states of a bee colony

18. The application of this technology offers new possibilities
for developing efficient and sustainable beekeeping.
Therefore, efforts should be increased for bringing this
challenging approach of Precision Apiculture into practice,
but this will only be possible when research teams from
different research disciplines such as engineering,
mathematics, physics, ethology etc. work together
Conclusion