1. 1
SeminarSeminar
onon
Blu-ray DiscBlu-ray Disc
October 11, 2008October 11, 2008
Er. Rajesh KumarEr. Rajesh Kumar
M.Tech (ECE)M.Tech (ECE)
INDIAINDIA

2. 2
EvolutionEvolution
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 VHS: analogVHS: analog
DVD: digitalDVD: digital
BD: high-definitionBD: high-definition
 Enables recording,Enables recording,
rewriting, andrewriting, and
playback of high-playback of high-
definition videodefinition video
 Capable of storingCapable of storing
information that theinformation that the
DVD and CD are notDVD and CD are not
capable of holdingcapable of holding

3. 3
FoundationFoundation
 Blu-ray disc (BD) is appropriately namedBlu-ray disc (BD) is appropriately named
after the blue laser used to write the dataafter the blue laser used to write the data
 The first blue laser was developed in 1996The first blue laser was developed in 1996
by Shuji Nakamura (Nichia Corporation)by Shuji Nakamura (Nichia Corporation)
 In 2002, an alliance was formed, calledIn 2002, an alliance was formed, called
the Blu-ray Disc Association, including thethe Blu-ray Disc Association, including the
likes of Sony, Samsung, Sharp, Hewlett-likes of Sony, Samsung, Sharp, Hewlett-
Packard, and Royal PhillipsPackard, and Royal Phillips
 The “e” is intentionally left out of the nameThe “e” is intentionally left out of the name
due to trademark restrictionsdue to trademark restrictions

4. 4
Disc CharacteristicsDisc Characteristics
 Single layer: 25 GBSingle layer: 25 GB
Dual layer: 50 GBDual layer: 50 GB
 Diameter: 120 mmDiameter: 120 mm
 Thickness: 1.2 mmThickness: 1.2 mm
 Center holeCenter hole
diameter: 15 mmdiameter: 15 mm
 Uses GaN laser ofUses GaN laser of
wavelength 400 nmwavelength 400 nm
 The smaller laser,The smaller laser,
compared to thecompared to the
DVD and CD, keepsDVD and CD, keeps
the process morethe process more
efficient (~5 mW)efficient (~5 mW)
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

5. 5
Disc Characteristics(conti.)Disc Characteristics(conti.)
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 The powerThe power
conservationconservation
allows theallows the
development ofdevelopment of
multi-layermulti-layer
platforms andplatforms and
high-speedhigh-speed
recording.recording.
 BD-ROM: read-BD-ROM: read-
only format.only format.
 BD-R and BD-RE:BD-R and BD-RE:
recordable formatsrecordable formats
(RE: rewritable; R:

6. 6
Disc CharacteristicsDisc Characteristics
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Numerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens to gather andNumerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens to gather and
focus light. As the numerical aperture increases, the focusingfocus light. As the numerical aperture increases, the focusing
power increases and the beam size decreases.power increases and the beam size decreases.
 Phase change implies that the disc section is either an amorphousPhase change implies that the disc section is either an amorphous
or crystalline state. The reflectivity changes accordingly thusor crystalline state. The reflectivity changes accordingly thus
representing a binary bit.representing a binary bit.

7. 7
Comparison:Comparison: CD, DVD & Blu-ray DiscCD, DVD & Blu-ray Disc
 Due to the fact that the data layer on a Blu-rayDue to the fact that the data layer on a Blu-ray
Disc is placed much “closer” to the laser lens thanDisc is placed much “closer” to the laser lens than
in DVD , there is less distortion resulting inin DVD , there is less distortion resulting in
significantly improved tolerances. Hence, moresignificantly improved tolerances. Hence, more
precision and ultra high storage densities areprecision and ultra high storage densities are
made possible.made possible.
Courtesy <http://www.jvc-victor.co.jp/english/press/2004/bd-dvd.html>

8. 8
Recorder CharacteristicsRecorder Characteristics
 Over two hours of HDTV can be placed on a single layerOver two hours of HDTV can be placed on a single layer
BD, which correlates to over 13 hours for standard TV.BD, which correlates to over 13 hours for standard TV.
 The transfer rate is 36 megabits per second.The transfer rate is 36 megabits per second.
 At 1x speed, it takes approximately 1.5 hours to recordAt 1x speed, it takes approximately 1.5 hours to record
an entire single layer BD.an entire single layer BD.
 Recorder Cost: $1,500 - $2,500; BD Cost: $26.Recorder Cost: $1,500 - $2,500; BD Cost: $26.
 BD’s are commercially available in the U.S. since 2006.BD’s are commercially available in the U.S. since 2006.

9. 9
Capacity ComparisonCapacity Comparison
“Courtesy: How Stuff Works”

10. 10
CompatibilityCompatibility
Courtesy <http://www.jvc-victor.co.jp/english/press/2004/bd-dvd.html>
 This issue has introduced a competitor, the HD-DVD, that based itsThis issue has introduced a competitor, the HD-DVD, that based its
technology around being compatible with the DVD.technology around being compatible with the DVD.
 Recently the BDA has developed recorders that are BD/DVD/CDRecently the BDA has developed recorders that are BD/DVD/CD
compatible.compatible.
 JVC has advanced the BD by developing a BD/DVD combo disc thatJVC has advanced the BD by developing a BD/DVD combo disc that
stores both DVD and BD data. It is composed of two DVD layers and astores both DVD and BD data. It is composed of two DVD layers and a
third BD layer storing 33.5 GB total.third BD layer storing 33.5 GB total.

11. 11
Protection SystemProtection System
 HDTV contains a copyright bit that isHDTV contains a copyright bit that is
detected by the BD recorder. If thedetected by the BD recorder. If the
broadcast has no copyright bit, then thebroadcast has no copyright bit, then the
BD recorder is allowed to store theBD recorder is allowed to store the
information.information.
 Uses the Data Encryption Standard (DES)Uses the Data Encryption Standard (DES)
that has a key length of 56 bits.that has a key length of 56 bits.
 A Key Block and Disc ID are written intoA Key Block and Disc ID are written into
the ROM area to prevent illegal copying.the ROM area to prevent illegal copying.

12. 12
EnhancementsEnhancements
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Error rates increased in reading and writing after theError rates increased in reading and writing after the
original BD suffered scratches and fingerprints.original BD suffered scratches and fingerprints.
 For protection, the prototype BD was enclosed in aFor protection, the prototype BD was enclosed in a
case.case.
 The case increased the size of the disc drive.The case increased the size of the disc drive.

13. 13
Enhancements(conti.)Enhancements(conti.)
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 A hard coat wasA hard coat was
derived of anderived of an
ultraviolet-ultraviolet-
curable resin thatcurable resin that
has a scratchhas a scratch
resistance similarresistance similar
to the DVD.to the DVD.
 An artificialAn artificial
fingerprintfingerprint
reagent is placedreagent is placed
on the discon the disc
surface to resistsurface to resist
fingerprint oils.fingerprint oils.

14. 14
Features of BLU-RAY DiscFeatures of BLU-RAY Disc
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 MANUFACTURINGMANUFACTURING
 RECORDINGRECORDING
 PLAY BACKPLAY BACK

15. 15
ManufacturingManufacturing
* BD Cover Manufacturing Process* BD Cover Manufacturing Process
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

16. 16
Recording & PlaybackRecording & Playback
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

17. 17
Address FormatAddress Format
*Using Groove Wobbles*Using Groove Wobbles
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

18. 18
Write pulse waveformWrite pulse waveform
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

19. 19
Write strategyWrite strategy
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

20. 20
CODING FOR BD OPTICAL RECORDINGCODING FOR BD OPTICAL RECORDING
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

21. 21
Modulation code and error correcting codeModulation code and error correcting code
FOR DIGITAL STORAGE SYSTEMFOR DIGITAL STORAGE SYSTEM
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

22. 22
Error distributionsError distributions
For 50GB CapacityFor 50GB Capacity
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

23. 23
FutureFuture
 Expect the BD to become more prevalentExpect the BD to become more prevalent
once the HDTV market establishes itsonce the HDTV market establishes its
presence.presence.
 Audio and video will reach higher qualitiesAudio and video will reach higher qualities
with larger storage space.with larger storage space.
 Look for BD with more than two layers asLook for BD with more than two layers as
the technology is further refined.the technology is further refined.

24. 24
 Sony has made the Disc with size 200GB already.Sony has made the Disc with size 200GB already.
 Pioneer announced on August 5, 2008 , that theyPioneer announced on August 5, 2008 , that they
have got successhave got success
in making BD within making BD with
increased Disc Sizeincreased Disc Size
of 500GB.of 500GB.
Future(conti.)Future(conti.)

25. 25
Commercial MarketCommercial Market
Blu-ray drivesBlu-ray drives
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

26. 26
Blu-ray MediaBlu-ray Media
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

27. 27
Blu-ray RecordersBlu-ray Recorders
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

28. 28
 http://http://www.digitaljournal.comwww.digitaljournal.com/article/254136/article/254136
 http://http://www.blu-ray.comwww.blu-ray.com/news/?id=1616,/news/?id=1616,
 http://http://www.docstoc.comwww.docstoc.com/docs/424938/White-paper-General-/docs/424938/White-paper-General-
Blu-ray-Disc-FormatBlu-ray-Disc-Format
 http://http://allfreedownloadlinks.comallfreedownloadlinks.com/free-softwares/free-/free-softwares/free-
multimedia-software/blu-ray- to-dvd-pro-v120/multimedia-software/blu-ray- to-dvd-pro-v120/
 http://http://reviews.cnet.comreviews.cnet.com/1770-9991_7-0.html?query=/1770-9991_7-0.html?query=
blu+ray+disc&searchtype=products&tag=ltcol;narrowblu+ray+disc&searchtype=products&tag=ltcol;narrow
 http://http://en.wikipedia.orgen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc#/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc#
Technical_specificationsTechnical_specifications
 http://http://www.thefreelibrary.comwww.thefreelibrary.com/_/search/Search.aspx?/_/search/Search.aspx?
SearchBy=0&Word=blu+ray+disc&By=0SearchBy=0&Word=blu+ray+disc&By=0
BibliographyBibliography

29. 29
ENDEND
OF THEOF THE
SLIDE SHOWSLIDE SHOW
ANY QUERY PLEASEANY QUERY PLEASE
????????????

30. 30
THANKSTHANKS