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1. Shaping Individual Identity and Sociology Through the
Eyes of Dubois, Weber and Karl Marx Sample Essay
Introduction
Humanity is a fluid idea that largely depends on social constructions of
different institutions within the environment. The people’s inner lives in
any environment determine mores and values that build the
personality. Ideally, sociology studies different aspects of the
community from the society aspect to the individual’s point of view.
Many theorists have undertaken to carry out studies on different social
set ups such as interpersonal relationships ideals and aspects of inner
lives stories. In this case, interpersonal relationships involve a mixture
of developments that are to a greater extent man made.
Many theorists as seen here consider the society as manmade (Weber
2009, 12). They consider the society as a place that changes constantly
evolving and transforming a response to the people’s activities and
such a phenomenon lead to social change ideals. As many theorists
determine in this paper, social change critically emerges from different
societal institutions and necessitate progress and change constantly.
Such changes in many cases are gradual, subtle and affect virtues and
values of the concerned institutions.
This kind of analysis contrasts and compares different positions of
Dubois, Marx and Weber with a solid affiliation of different effects that
a new capitalistic feelings and organizations have on the identity of an
individual. Many of these philosophers have made enormous
contributions on the way in which social change has altered different
institutions and their ideas.
Social change in the field of sociology focuses on mechanisms
alterations that take place in greater paradigms of social structures that
also define major changes in cultural symbols as well as rules and

2. behaviors that determine social organizations as well as the value of
different institutions (Rabaka 2009).
Different philosophers have also advanced their research on the
essentials of social change and institutional change ideals and personal
development ideals. Some of the philosophers include Dubois, Karl,
Marx and Weber and Durkheim among others. The truth seekers have
made different proponents as well as claims on social change
correspondents and humanistic practices in social political point of
view.
This paper therefore evaluates different dimensions of Dubois
proponents when compared to that of Karl Marx and Weber. These
theorists have made notable contributions towards social change
development as well as humanistic growth. In a new paradigm, Marx
suggests that social paradigms modifications have changed in terms of
productions that in many cases lead to class systems changes.
Such an alteration in class system has the possibility of generating other
possible changes and inciting social class conflict according to Karl
Marx. According to Marx, such a theory also has ability to create
‘alienation’ concept (Marx et al 1974, 12) that can lead to disparity and
change in the criterion of social construction as well as loyalty to
institutional change.
Additionally, Emile Durkheim and Weber Max also propounded a wide
range of anthropological ideals that focused on association paradigm.
They held uncertainty towards development of constructive as well as
social institutional structuralism. The increase in division of labor
according to Durkheim in many social organizations is also a basic
process that has grown deeply in present individualism (Weber 2009).
Such a state in the society has ability of creating anomie and is ethically
considered lack of moral customs. On the other hand, Weber held a
strong rejection on evolutionism theory. He maintained that growth of
many western societies had a significant difference compared to other

3. civilizations. The created the realm in western countries unique socially
and historically.
The characterization that Weber focuses on is the dimension of
peculiarity trait that determines modern capitalism as well as
rationality. The other principles that he strongly believes in making the
west very peculiar are the modern science essence and rational laws.
As they later emerge, such laws have a negative and positive impact
leading to global disenchantment and rise in bureaucratization.
Dubois the philosopher also propounds a wide range of connections to
sociological paradigms of ethical organizations and humanity. The life of
the philosopher greatly reflects on end of slave trade in America even
though similar connotations towards racial discrimination as before. As
a theorist, he also held radical rules to the social change and human
virtues institution quite significant (Rabaka 2009).
Being a civil activist, he also held the principle and theory of
egalitarianism in the community that served to impact the lives of many
Caucasia Americans and scholars alike. on racial discrimination, Dubois
held on to the inclusivity theory emphasizing that institutions in their
settings have to employ strategies that pave way for advancement
opportunities as well as social change. Taking a closer look at many
American institutions of higher learning, the theorist evaluated many
reasons as to why blacks still held to major educational positions or
prestige in the US despite elimination of slave trade.
His principles also relegated on the role of religion to social change as
well as determination. In an effort to find relevance in the country, he
analyzed paradigms of religion and created religious significance
gathering to sharing. In a focus on blacks, he also advocated that the
group enjoy comfort and motivation via the art of solace in religion and
sharing.
Total racial exploitation in the society for the economic benefit in the
society, the USA is known for exploitation stories and being racists

4. despite that slave trade was abolished. Racial inequality recipients also
had multidimensional ideals to the story and to how the society is
created. One of the examples of such is that the community had a very
dominant view of others especially those that benefited from the
system and exploitation strategies therein.
Blacks here had a feeling of being poorly treated and paid and were
mainly directed towards low paying jobs making up part of their stories.
Comparing Karl Marx to Dubois, the two philosophers discovered the
exploitation issue in a way that the society as well as political shared as
a way of ensuring social inequality (Rabaka 2009). According to Dubois
setting, the African American society is largely depend on the principles
of socio economic racial inequality dimensions.
On the other hand, Marxism theory focuses more on socio-economic
inequalities that arise from political organizations suppressing the low
class majority. In Dubois, setting double consciousness had made
African America, racial recipients with two dimensions of racial effects
in the country. Blacks from Marxist point of view had a condition of
being paid poorly, getting low grade jobs, low level institutions and
related organizations that are discriminated upon in regards to origin
and color.
Under evaluation the black society became quite iconic in the US to the
level of alienation and ease that Marx focuses on in his theory. Just as
double sensitivity of Dubois in his theory, the political structure also
held a solid position and supported economic exploitation. They also
felt the need of such actions via legal strata being socially held and
cultural structures regarding blacks as lesser people in the society
(Rabaka 2009).
The difference in the two Dubois theories from slavery connection
points to black richness afro fusion as well as the experience of
amalgamation of the two cultures is very unique in any given race. Such
a theory aimed at holding double consciousness of the people and it

5. exposes double standards that are that driven by dominant institutions
and cultures.
From the earlier discussion by the theorist, the two examples clearly
pointed out two sophisticated capitalism social change dimension
admonition. This was closely followed by an orientation in a way that is
not likely similar to the experience of blacks in Dubois (Marx et al
1974).
The significant dimensions of the philosophers held on to the idea of
Weber implementing a comprehension of institutional contributions as
well as sociological change. Weber becomes a liberalism symbol and
gradual acceptance of major changes in his environment. The principles
of Karl Marx border around a utopian equality paradigm also appear
not to have any importance in the society.
Marx becomes more of an adamant and oppressed group of workers
across the globe than any other truth seeker. He also believes that such
employees should unite as their actions call for revolutionary advances
that appear clearly misplaced in relevance to institutional growth and
egalitarianism.
Weber additionally creates a protestant society that is more ethical
towards work in his mission that targeted disparity between
Protestants and Catholics disclosing just how much religions can
prevent development (Weber 2009). Having visited the Russian
government following revolution and witnessing hard work level via
social theory, he also advocates for an institution that is more socialist
and with a pattern that is more aligned to a communist work dimension
and political system (Rabaka 2009).
Even though Marx did not have any sociologist semblance, his ideas
become more of historical imprints as well as sociological facts. As a
German sociologist, Weber who was also a scientist held a wide range
of theories as earlier discussed and it affected social change as well as
understanding tremendously.

6. Through the philosopher Weber, the conflict theory is very evident as it
held a greater dimension of understanding social world (Weber 2009).
The three conflict theory components also include the conflict of being
a significant component in the society. This idea is quite controversial
compared to Marxist political economic conflict of estrangement rule
(Marx et al 1974).
As a common societal feature, Weber also feels that elimination of
conflict is quite futile and it can only reduce. The different societal
groups with different values and interests also play a crucial role in the
second theory dimension. Such ideas are bound to create a different
prototype of understanding that is in line with realism.
The third dimension on the other hand revealed that many conflicts
according to Marx, always emerge from a higher
social class and the lower class are often proponents with major
competitors being economic and resources control. The Weber point of
view compared to Marxist philosophies does not have any close
semblance and saves the disparities in control as well as association.
Marx also employs two different groups in the hypotheses conflict to
build exploited organization ideas. The capitalist class also has
ownership of the means of production as well as economic freedom.
These groups see through distribution of products and services and are
known to have connections towards prosperity of any religion.
In his perspective, the second group is the working class with capability
to offering labor to many power and business establishments. In
general, they are often oppressed and underpaid in their duties (Weber
2009 & Marx et al 1974). The two groups as advocated by Marx are
very dominant and are capitalists and those working in the second
group/. The society in this case is also characterized with constant
struggle and conflict with resources being the major source of conflict.

7. On the other hand, Weber strongly believes that many groups exist in
the society with various levels of power as well as social change effects.
He takes note of the fact that the modern society is marred by
‘rationalization and intellectualization’’ (Weber 2009, 53).
Understanding the contemporary society through Dubois, Marx and
Weber
The above philosophers have a crucial connection to the modern social
change despite their propounding principles
in the past one century. The present American society has a dominant
and subordinate group in constant conflict. Even though racism flames
may have been dominant role in modern American society, different
duties have also emerged to determine the eventualities and actualities
of the USA in modern day according to Dubois.
The dominant groups as well as organizations in the world also have
power, wealth and it contrasts the second group that just has wages
and work permit. The principles of capitalism have excelled as
communism withered over time. The present social economy as well
the institution also holds a lot of resemblance to the ideals of Weber
within socio-economic framework.
The specifics of the groups also point out different idiosyncrasies of
each groups as well as individuals in the USA as well as across the
globe. Religion as argued by all the philosophers is a significant aspect
of human existence. The theodicy and meaning of life search borders
within the examples of social change. According to Dubois, religion was
a major opportunity for sharing of experiences and in uniting for a
common goal.
Karl Marx on other hand feels that religion is a body that can be quite
oppressive or a revolution tool. Even so, it is a mere connection to
absurdity and Weber believes that religion as well as motivation has a
link so that the former defines motivation (Weber 2009). From an

8. oppressive regime as well as idealistic life motivation idealist offers a
correspondence and capitalism paradigm amongst protestant ethics
and Catholic aristocrats.
Such principles are however misinformed amongst philosophers such as
Foucault who emphasized on knowledge as a significant aspect of social
change and connection (Rabaka 2009).
Conclusion
Basically, the works of the theorists point out to the fact that different
dimensions of the people’s identity and values that emanate from the
community they live in. the society has also become an epitome of
organizational paradigms that influence human affiliations and social
progress. To many of the philosophers, the industrial revolution events
and capitalist society played a crucial role in defining the present social
identity as well as labor divisions.
On a broader point of view, the society also has connections to greater
social determinants. The capitalism ideals also still have a solid
relationship that is very crucial to filial organization that runs in almost
every economy in modern day. The different groups that Weber
focuses on also exist everywhere including spiritual influences and
political strictures of the society.
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9. References
Marx, K., Engels, F., & Crooke, A. (1974). Basic writings on politics and
philosophy. L. S. Feuer (Ed.). Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind
Tertiary Resource Service.
Rabaka, Reiland (2009), Du Bois’s Dialectics: Black Radical Politics and
the Reconstruction of Critical Social Theory, Lexington Books, ISBN 978-
0-7391-1958-7.
Weber, M. (2009). The theory of social and economic organization.
SimonandSchuster. com.
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