This document summarizes an ultrasound evaluation of a 5 day old, 24 week preterm infant that found a grade 1 germinal matrix hemorrhage in the right caudothalamic groove measuring 6 mm. Germinal matrix hemorrhages occur in the highly vascular germinal matrix located in the caudothalamic groove and appear echogenic on ultrasound. They are classified based on their extent, with grade 1 being limited to the subependymal matrix. Treatment focuses on prevention through antenatal steroids or postnatal medications, and CSF drainage may be needed if hydrocephalus develops.
Dr. Aria Fallah, a fellowship trained pediatric neurosurgeon who practices at UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, discusses hydrocephalus after hemispherectomy and other procedures at the 2017 Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Conference and Family Reunion.
This presentation aims at discussion of the pathophysiology , clinical presentation and management of the different types of intracranial bleeds in a neonate. Special emphasis has been laid on intraventricular hemorrhage. The germinal matrix bleed in a preterm is discussed in depth along with the various evidence based management protocols available. Radiological diagnosis of IVH in a preterm / term baby will be discussed in the upcoming presentations.
Dr. Aria Fallah, a fellowship trained pediatric neurosurgeon who practices at UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, discusses hydrocephalus after hemispherectomy and other procedures at the 2017 Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Conference and Family Reunion.
This presentation aims at discussion of the pathophysiology , clinical presentation and management of the different types of intracranial bleeds in a neonate. Special emphasis has been laid on intraventricular hemorrhage. The germinal matrix bleed in a preterm is discussed in depth along with the various evidence based management protocols available. Radiological diagnosis of IVH in a preterm / term baby will be discussed in the upcoming presentations.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
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Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
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. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
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Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
9. Germinal matrix hemorrhage (grade 1)
Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH), also known as periventricular hemorrhage or preterm caudothalamic
hemorrhage occur in the highly vascular but also stress sensitive germinal matrix, located in the
caudothalamic groove.
The germinal matrix is formed early during embryogenesis and is the site of glial and neuronal differentiation.
From here cells migrate peripherally to form the brain. It is densely cellular and vascular. The blood vessels
of the germinal matrix are weak walled and predisposed to hemorrhage. A significant stress experienced by a
premature infant after birth may cause these vessels to rupture.
US is the modality of choice. Germinal matrix hemorrhages appear as echogenic regions close to the
caudothalamic groove.
Classification is as follows: grade 1 (hemorrhage limited to subependymal matrix); grade 2 (hemorrhage
extending into the ventricular system, <50%, without acute ventriculomegaly); grade 3 (hemorrhage
extending into the ventricular system, with acute dilatation because of flooding of 50% or more of more or
both lateral ventricles); grade 4 (grade 3 with parenchymal hemorrhage secondary to venous infarction
caused by compression of deep terminal veins by an expanded ventricle filled with blood).
Ideal treatment is prevention of premature delivery. Antenatal dexamethasone administered to the mother or
indomethacin administered to the infant also decreases the incidence. CFS drainage may be necessary
if hydrocephalus is present.
10. References
• Klebe D et al: Acute and delayed deferoxamine treatment attenuates long-
term sequelae after germinal matrix hemorrhage in neonatal rats. Stroke.
45(8):2475-9, 2014
• Coen RW: Preventing Germinal Matrix Layer Rupture and Intraventricular
Hemorrhage. Front Pediatr. 1:22, 2013
• Okazaki M et al: Delayed germinal matrix hemorrhage induced by
ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion for congenital hydrocephalus. J
Neurosurg Pediatr. 12(1):67-70, 2013
• Del Bigio MR: Cell proliferation in human ganglionic eminence and
suppression after prematurity-associated haemorrhage. Brain. 134(Pt
5):1344-61, 2011
• Tsitouras V et al: Infantile posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv
Syst. 27(10):1595-608, 2011
