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Dr Robin Gutteridge ©
robin.gutteridge@wlv.ac.uk
The University of Opportunity
Sexuality, Intimacy,
Diversity,
Relationships and
Dementia
What we know about older people
• Seniors are sexual
– More than a quarter of
adults aged 75-85 and
over half of adults aged
65-74 are sexually
active (NEJM 2014)
– Moving into residential
care provides
opportunities for new
relationships
– Dementia poses
additional challenges re
sexual behaviours
• Changes in interest
• Consent
• Ways of communicating
needs and desires
• Outsider involvement
• Family dynamics and
norms
• Atypical relationships
• There’s a lot we don’t
know
The University of Opportunity
Legislative & regulatory
considerations
• Nolan Principles 1995
• Professional body ethical frameworks
• The Human Rights Act 1998
• Mental Capacity Act 2005/2007
• Health and Social Care Act 2008
• Equalities Act
• The Care Act 2015
• CQC Fundamental Standards 2015
• Employment Law
The University of Opportunity
Common themes
Treat others fairly, justly, with consideration,
without judgement, discrimination or oppression
and with awareness of own impact and the
influence of local and wider culture and systems
The University of Opportunity
A Balancing Act (Wornell 2015)
Protecting
against neglect
and abuse
Human rights
and
Personalised
care
The University of Opportunity
Duty of
care to
staff/
students
sex… or intimacy?
Intimacy
• A subjective feeling of
connection and value
in relationships
Involves
– Mutuality
– Reciprocity
– Risk
– Negotiation of power
Maslow’s (1954) Hierarchy
of Needs
Self
actualisation
Love, belonging,
esteem ,
aesthetic,
cognitive needs
Physiological & safety
needs
The University of Opportunity
Intimacy, health and wellbeing
• Link between positive
intimate relationships
and health
• Important throughout
life
• Vulnerable to strain &
disruption from
stressful life events &
lifecourse changes
• Intimacy is a never
completed process
• Intimate relationships
seem to be closely
allied to the
development of a
coherent and stable
(mature) identity
Identity needs
Individual
• Acceptance
• Love
• Belonging
• Intimacy
• Opportunities for growth
Connection
Nation/
World
Community
Family
Me
5 dimensions of intimacy
Schaeffer and Olsen (1981)
emotional
recreational/fun
intellectual
social roles
physical & sexual
Hierarchy of personal
relationships
• Acquaintance
• Friendship
• Kinship
• Intimate social
relationship
• Sexual relationship
• Intimate sexual
relationship
Intimacy
• The creation of
circumstances in
which people can
develop their
potentialities and
express their
diverse qualities
(Giddens 1993)
A virtuous circle of intelligent kindness
.Ballatt, J. & Campling, P. (2011). Intelligent Kindness; reforming the culture of health care. RCPsych Publications:
London; P45
Kinship
Kindness
Attentiveness
Attunement
Trust
Therapeutic
Alliance
Better
Outcomes
Enables
Builds
Generates
Produces
Promotes
Directs
Whole process
reinforces conditions
for kinship/kindness
Achieving the balance
• Education
• Support challenge,
reflexivity, best interests
decision making
• Build self awareness
• Group supervision
• Peer decision making
(Wilkins 2015)
• Collaboration with families
• Life course mapping
• Communication skills
• Practice
• Establish an open, supportive
culture
• Appraisal and clinical
supervision
• Staff development and support
• Policies & procedures
– Principles based
– Risk mitigation not elimination
– Least harmful option
– MCA aware
– ‘on the balance of probabilities’
decisions
The University of Opportunity

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Sexuality, Intimacy, Diversity, Relationships and Dementia

  • 1. Dr Robin Gutteridge © robin.gutteridge@wlv.ac.uk The University of Opportunity Sexuality, Intimacy, Diversity, Relationships and Dementia
  • 2. What we know about older people • Seniors are sexual – More than a quarter of adults aged 75-85 and over half of adults aged 65-74 are sexually active (NEJM 2014) – Moving into residential care provides opportunities for new relationships – Dementia poses additional challenges re sexual behaviours • Changes in interest • Consent • Ways of communicating needs and desires • Outsider involvement • Family dynamics and norms • Atypical relationships • There’s a lot we don’t know The University of Opportunity
  • 3. Legislative & regulatory considerations • Nolan Principles 1995 • Professional body ethical frameworks • The Human Rights Act 1998 • Mental Capacity Act 2005/2007 • Health and Social Care Act 2008 • Equalities Act • The Care Act 2015 • CQC Fundamental Standards 2015 • Employment Law The University of Opportunity
  • 4. Common themes Treat others fairly, justly, with consideration, without judgement, discrimination or oppression and with awareness of own impact and the influence of local and wider culture and systems The University of Opportunity
  • 5. A Balancing Act (Wornell 2015) Protecting against neglect and abuse Human rights and Personalised care The University of Opportunity Duty of care to staff/ students
  • 6. sex… or intimacy? Intimacy • A subjective feeling of connection and value in relationships Involves – Mutuality – Reciprocity – Risk – Negotiation of power Maslow’s (1954) Hierarchy of Needs Self actualisation Love, belonging, esteem , aesthetic, cognitive needs Physiological & safety needs The University of Opportunity
  • 7. Intimacy, health and wellbeing • Link between positive intimate relationships and health • Important throughout life • Vulnerable to strain & disruption from stressful life events & lifecourse changes • Intimacy is a never completed process • Intimate relationships seem to be closely allied to the development of a coherent and stable (mature) identity
  • 8. Identity needs Individual • Acceptance • Love • Belonging • Intimacy • Opportunities for growth Connection Nation/ World Community Family Me
  • 9. 5 dimensions of intimacy Schaeffer and Olsen (1981) emotional recreational/fun intellectual social roles physical & sexual Hierarchy of personal relationships • Acquaintance • Friendship • Kinship • Intimate social relationship • Sexual relationship • Intimate sexual relationship
  • 10. Intimacy • The creation of circumstances in which people can develop their potentialities and express their diverse qualities (Giddens 1993)
  • 11. A virtuous circle of intelligent kindness .Ballatt, J. & Campling, P. (2011). Intelligent Kindness; reforming the culture of health care. RCPsych Publications: London; P45 Kinship Kindness Attentiveness Attunement Trust Therapeutic Alliance Better Outcomes Enables Builds Generates Produces Promotes Directs Whole process reinforces conditions for kinship/kindness
  • 12. Achieving the balance • Education • Support challenge, reflexivity, best interests decision making • Build self awareness • Group supervision • Peer decision making (Wilkins 2015) • Collaboration with families • Life course mapping • Communication skills • Practice • Establish an open, supportive culture • Appraisal and clinical supervision • Staff development and support • Policies & procedures – Principles based – Risk mitigation not elimination – Least harmful option – MCA aware – ‘on the balance of probabilities’ decisions The University of Opportunity